Effects of Water-retaining Agents on Growth, Development, Yield and Quality of Soybean under Drought Stress

[Objectives]The paper was to explore the effects of different doses of water-retaining agent on the growth and development indicators,yield and quality of soybean plants subjected to drought stress.[Methods]The effects of drought stress(MDS)and drought stress with low(MDS-L),medium(MDS-M)and high doses(MDS-H)of the water-retaining agent on the growth and development indicators,root activity,MDA content,antioxidant enzyme activity,yield and quality of soybean were studied by field plot test,with the normal water supply serving as the control(CK).[Results]In response to drought stress,the plant height,stem diameter,and yield of soybean exhibited a notable decline.Additionally,the contents of protein,fat,linoleic acid,and linolenic acid in seeds demonstrated a significant reduction.Conversely,the root activity and antioxidant enzyme activity exhibited a noticeable decline,while the MDA content exhibited an increase.The application of varying doses of the water-retaining agent was found to significantly enhance soybean growth,stimulate root activity,and elevate antioxidant enzyme activity,while concurrently reducing MDA content.The observed effects were found to be dose-dependent,with the greatest effects observed at the highest dose.In comparison to MDS,the yields of soybean in the MDS-L,MDS-M,and MDS-H treatments exhibited a 18.38%,25.58%,and 46.26%increase,respectively.Additionally,the content of protein,fat,linoleic acid,and linolenic acid in seeds demonstrated a notable enhancement.[Conclusions]The application of the water-retaining agent has been demonstrated to significantly promote the growth of soybean plants under conditions of drought stress,resulting in an improvement in both the yield and the quality of the soybean crop.The recommended dosage of the water-retaining agent is 3.3 kg/667 m 2.

Research and Application Progress of Techniques for Improving Water-retaining Property of Meat Products

Water retention techniques have attracted much attention because of its important role in improving the edible quality and increasing the yield of meat products.At present,water retention techniques mainly involve following aspects:raw materials and their treatment,such as water retention treatment before pig slaughtering and animal welfare water retention,processing techniques,such as vacuum rolling,pH adjustment,optimization of cooking methods,high pressure and ultrasound,and addition of water retention substances,such as water-retaining agents,natural water-retaining substances,and biological enzymes.In this paper,the research progress on the possible effects of various water retention techniques on the characteristics of meat products was reviewed.

Preparation and water sorption properties of novel SiO_(2)-LiBr microcapsules for water-retaining pavement

Novel SiO_(2)-LiBr microcapsules for water-retaining pavement were prepared and firstly characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),particle size analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The water vapor sorption and desorption of the formulated microcapsules was then experimentally studied using dynamic vapor sorption(DVS),with the results fitted to three kinds of adsorption kinetics models.In addition,the specific surface area(SSA)was also calculated based on BET theory;and the thermal performance was investigated by laser flash analysis(LFA).Experimental results show a change of 103%in mass of the microcapsule sample under 90%relative humidity(RH)at 30℃after water vapor sorption.The fitting of results indicates that the adsorption process is mainly governed by the intra-particle diffusion mechanism,followed by the pseudo-first-order adsorption process.In comparison with most conventional pavement materials,it is found that the SSA of the formulated microcapsules is much larger while the thermal conductivity is lower.The unique properties of the formulated SiO_(2)-LiBr microcapsules have significant potential to take the edge off the urban heat island effect and reduce rutting when applied to water-retaining pavement materials.

Effects of Nano-carbon Humic Acid Water-retaining Fertilizer on Citrus Growth and the Soil Bacterial Community in Citrus Field

[Objective] In order to reveal the effects of reducing the amount of novel nano-carbon humic acid water-retaining fertilizer(CSF) on soil microbial community structure and citrus growth. [Method]In this study,conventional fertilization was as the control(KC1) in Wanzhou citrus orchard of Three Gorges Reservoir area. CSF reductions by 0%(KC2),10%(KC3),20%(KC4),30%(KC5) and 40%(KC6) were used to analyze the changes of soil bacterial community structure,citrus yield and quality. [Result]The results showed that the observed species,Shannon index,Chao1 index and PDwholetree of KC6 were higher than those of KC1,and were the same as KC2. The abundance of Xanthomonadaceae was the highest in KC5. Compared with KC1,the Xanthomonadaceae in KC3,KC4 and KC6 was significantly decreased,and the levels of Nitrosomonadaceae and Pseudomonasaceae were higher than that of KC1 after the treatment of KC6. Sphingomonas in different reduction treatments was lower than that of KC1,but Burkholderia and Pseudomonas were significantly higher than those of KC1. It was found that the similarity among treatments was small after bacterial community similarity clustering analysis,and citrus yield increased somewhat after CSF fertilization reduction.When CSF fertilization reduced by 30%,citrus yield increased by 4. 50%. When CSF fertilization reduced by 40%,citrus yield decreased by4. 14%. After CSF fertilization,citrus quality did not change significantly in CSF conventional fertilization and reduction of 10% and 40%,while significantly decreased in 20% and 30% of fertilization reduction. [Conclusion] CSF fertilization reduction changed the diversity of soil bacterial community structure and the yield and quality of citrus.

Ice-and cryogel-soil composites in water-retaining elements in embankment dams constructed in cold regions

There are a number of serious problems connected with building and repairing water-reining elements in embankment dams in cold regions. One of them is the difficulty in finding inexpensive clay materials with the necessary structural properties and using them in the winter. Another is the cracks that appear in the upper part of a dam when the core freezes to the banks, and leakage along the cracks threatens to desWoy the dam. Still another is the process of erosion at the bottom of the core which may occur through fissures in the rock foundation of a dam and in transport constructions. Also, the behaviour of water-retaining elements during eazthquakes is unreliable. All of these problems can be solved by using iceand cryogel-soil composites created by cryotropic gel formation （CGF）. Our laboratory investigations demonstrate that the materials proposed for water-retaining elements have the necessary permeable, plastic, thermophysical, and slrength properties to solve all of these problems. Certain consmactious of water-retaining elements which may prove to be both safe and cost-effective are proposed. However, these iceand cryogel-soil composites need to be field-validated before they are used in dams and transport structures in cold regions.

Accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using belief rule base

A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Optical trapping capability of tornado circular Pearcey beams

We systemically investigate optical trapping capability of a kind of tornado waves on Rayleigh particles.Such tornado waves are named as tornado circular Pearcey beams(TCPBs)and produced by combining two circular Pearcey beams with different radii.Our theoretical exploration delves into various aspects,including the propagation dynamics,energy flux,orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque characteristics of TCPBs.The results reveal that the orbital angular momentum,trapping force,and torque of these beams can be finely tuned through the judicious manipulation of their topological charges(l_(1)and l_(2)).Notably,we observe a precise control mechanism wherein the force diminishes with|l_(1)+l_(2)|and|l_(1)-l_(2)|,while the torque exhibits enhancement by decreasing solely with|l_(1)+l_(2)|or increasing with|l_(1)-l_(2)|.These results not only provide quantitative insights into the optical trapping performance of TCPBs but also serve as a valuable reference for the ongoing development of innovative photonic tools.

Influence of the mechanical properties of materials on the ultimate pressure-bearing capability of a pressure-preserving controller

The pressure-preserving controller is the core part of deep in-situ pressure-preserving coring(IPP-Coring) system, and its pressure-preserving capability is the key to IPP-Coring technology. To achieve a good understanding of the influence of mechanical properties of materials on the ultimate pressure-bearing capability(UPB-Capability) of the pressure-preserving controller, the IPP-Coring experimental platform was developed to test the UPB-Capability of pressure-preserving controllers of four different materials. The experimental results show that the UPB-Capability of pressure-preserving controllers with different material varies greatly. A numerical model of the pressure-preserving controller was developed to study the influences of mechanical parameters of materials on the UPB-Capability of the pressurepreserving controller after the accuracy of the numerical model is verified by experiments. The results indicate that the yield strength(YS) and Poisson's ratio(PR) of the material have little effect on the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controller, whereas the elastic modulus(EM) of the material has a significant effect. A generalized model of the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controller is developed to reveal the mechanism of the influence of material properties on the UPB-Capability of the pressure-preserving controllers. Considering these results, the future optimization direction of the pressure-preserving controller and material selection scheme in practical engineering applications of the pressure-preserving controller are suggested.

From Knowledge Transfer to Capability Development:The Future of PBL+CBL Teaching Method in Operating Room Nursing Education

Concomitant with the advancement of contemporary medical technology,the significance of perioperative nursing has been increasingly accentuated,necessitating elevated standards for the pedagogy of perioperative nursing.Presently,the PBL(problem-based learning)pedagogical approach,when integrated with CBL(case-based learning),has garnered considerable interest.An extensive literature review has been conducted to analyze the application of the PBL-CBL fusion in the education of perioperative nursing.Findings indicate that this integrative teaching methodology not only enhances students’theoretical knowledge,practical competencies,and collaborative skills but also contributes to the elevation of teaching quality.In conclusion,the PBL-CBL teaching approach holds immense potential for broader application in perioperative nursing education.Nevertheless,it is imperative to continually refine this combined pedagogical strategy to further enhance the caliber of perioperative nursing instruction and to cultivate a greater number of exceptional nursing professionals in the operating room setting.

首发经济的生成逻辑、发展态势与政策着力点

首发经济是企业发布新产品,推出新业态、新模式、新服务,开设首店等经济活动的总称。首发经济具有首次与实质创新、时尚新潮与有效引领、高品质与市场认可、链式发展全过程等特征。发展首发经济有利于推动产业结构转型升级、持续扩大居民消费、满足人民美好生活需要、推进高水平对外开放。首发经济呈现品牌首店加速落地、业态分布彰显地域特色、线上线下协同发展等特征,但也面临着居民消费能力发展不平衡不充分、产品同质化严重与创新不持续、配套服务和宣传不到位、物流体系与交通网络不完善等挑战。推动首发经济高质量发展,应增强居民消费能力、明确创新激励导向、完善配套服务体系、优化消费空间布局。

基于概率的震级完备度方法评估云南地震台网的监测能力

为了科学评估云南地震台网的监测能力,分析云南地区的地震监测能力时空分布特征,采用基于概率的震级完备度(PMC)方法,利用2009-2023年云南地震台网地震目录、震相和台站信息等数据,计算了云南地震台网在云南地区的平均地震监测能力和在不同深度的监测能力,得到滇中、滇西局部地区的基于概率的完备性震级M_(P)=1.5,云南全境基本都能监测到2.5级地震。评估了研究时段内云南地震台网台站监测能力的演变,发现部分台站的监测能力持续下降。但自2018年增加20个台站后,云南2.0及2.5级地震的监测范围有一定的扩大,但微震监测能力提升不明显,可能是因为2018年以来云南一直处于小震弱活动状态。最后,对应用PMC方法规划提升台网监测能力进行了展望。

竞争对手技术相似性与技术能力的企业技术机会识别

在激烈的市场竞争中,企业如何实现高水平科技自立自强至关重要,在竞争对手视角下进行技术机会识别有助于企业实现创新突破,提升核心竞争力。构建技术相似性和技术能力二维矩阵选择竞争对手,在竞争对手视角下使用关联规则挖掘算法识别技术机会,最后利用对手关注度对技术机会进行评估,获取对手关注度较低的技术机会。通过对比实验,证明在技术相似性与技术能力的基础上进行竞争对手选择能够提升识别机会的准确率。使用自然语言处理领域专利数据,以腾讯科技有限公司为例,识别出数据处理和计算模型、信息和通信技术应用、图像和视频处理与识别三个方向的技术机会,为企业的研发创新提供了参考依据。

地学大类研究生跨学科创新能力提升研究

随着我国综合国力的提升,对创新型人才的需求日益增大,尤其轨道交通领域的高速发展对地学行业的创新提出更深层次的需求,地学大类创新人才的培养方案需要更加深入的改革与创新。该文分析目前地学大类研究生跨学科培养在专业划分、培养过程、培养责任制度和心理健康等方面的问题,并基于地学大类人才培养的特点,提出地学大类研究生跨学科创新能力提升的具体方案,以期为地学大类研究生培养提供良好范本。

教育强国建设背景下国家“双高计划”建设的经验与思考

国家“双高计划”是立足教育整体发展的引领性制度设计。第一轮5年投入700多亿元,建成197所院校、253个高水平专业群,覆盖18个专业大类,人才培养和技术创新服务能力整体提升。但是,也存在专业群建设集群效应发挥不明显、育人成效的关注度不够、立地式研发成果还不强等问题。第二轮以“办学能力高水平、产教融合高质量”为目标,由“基础好、条件好”向“服务好、支撑好”转变,为实现该目标,要以思政引领力、人才竞争力、科技支撑力、民生保障力、社会协同力、国际影响力为目标指引,对接国家重大战略,深化职业教育教学改革,优化人才供给质量和结构,推动职业教育服务区域发展、支撑产业发展、完善教育对外开放,加快实现建成教育强国的宏伟目标。

面向重大突发事件的高校智库动态知识服务策略

面向社会重大突发事件的智库应对需要高效的动态知识服务体系做支撑。根据动态能力理论,知识协同、知识生产和知识流构成了动态知识服务体系三要素,动态能力通过知识协同要素、知识生产环节和知识流转效率来表现动态知识服务能力。动态知识服务体系中的知识协同要素、知识生产环节和知识流转效率与智库服务重大突发事件的知识需求还不相适应。为了提高应对突发事件的智库动态知识服务水平,要在知识协同要素的有序化、知识生产环节匹配的精准化和知识流治理的高效化等方面提升服务策略。

政府大数据审计能力的结构、测度与应用评价

全面提升大数据审计能力已成为各审计机关构建高质量审计监督体系的共识。基于大数据审计基础理论和实践发展,提出大数据审计能力概念,从技术、数据和应用视角构建五大维度大数据审计能力评价模型,利用结构方程模型确定大数据审计能力各子要素构成的指标权重,分析各子要素的相互作用关系,并以某省16家地市级审计机关为例对大数据审计能力开展评价。基于评价结果提出以下建议:各审计机关应依据统一的信息化规范建设大数据审计平台,探索人工智能等新技术在审计场景中的应用,提升技术应用广度,优化大数据管理策略,建立跨级协同审计模式,重视组织和个人层面的保障体系与培养方法,致力于打造一支高素质、专业化的审计团队。

创业拼凑对新生代农民工创业绩效的影响机制研究

创业拼凑是新生代农民工应对资源约束的有效途径,也是提升创业绩效的关键所在。基于创业拼凑理论,利用“Credamo见数”平台收集267份问卷数据,通过层级回归分析,揭示出创业拼凑对新生代农民工创业绩效的影响机制。结果表明:(1)创业拼凑正向影响新生代农民工创业绩效;(2)创业能力在创业拼凑和创业绩效之间起中介作用;(3)制度环境正向调节创业能力与创业绩效之间的关系,构成被调节的中介效应模型。研究成果为有效提升新生代农民工创业者的创业绩效、增加其创业成功率提供有益参考。

“两栖”背景下农民工福利提升:农村与城镇协同保障的路径

在农民工“农村户籍、城市生活”的“两栖”状态下,发挥农村和城镇两类保障的协同作用在提升农民工福利和对高质量实现城镇化、扎实推进共同富裕方面具有重要意义。本文按照“功能与能力—主观感受—城镇机会”的思路构建农民工福利衡量指标,采用“农民工市民化课题组”的微观调研数据,考察了农村集体权益对农民工福利的影响,以及城镇保障在其中的调节作用。研究结果表明,农村集体权益能显著促进农民工福利,使用工具变量法缓解内生性结果依然稳健。值得注意的是,农民工的城镇保障在农村集体权益与福利关系中具有调节作用,以城镇保险、城镇住房和城镇就业为代表的城镇保障,均能够弱化农村集体权益促进农民工福利的作用,城镇保障替代农村保障提升农民工福利。在农民工“两栖”的现阶段,本文的研究结论为发挥农村保障与城镇保障的协同作用,提升农民工福利,提供了微观层面的经验证据。研究结论对农民工顺利从农村保障过渡到城镇保障,对国家高质量实现新型城镇化和共同富裕有重要的参考价值。

纳斯鲍姆的动物正义思想:诠释与批判

作为当代西方动物政治哲学中最具代表性的一脉,纳斯鲍姆的动物正义论致力于打破传统伦理学和正义理论将动物排除在外的思维定式,主张动物理应拥有正义的权利去过一种有尊严的繁荣生活。纳斯鲍姆提出了一套“核心能力”清单为动物的正义进行辩护,并建议人们采用“睿智的家长式制度”去实施动物正义。纳斯鲍姆的动物正义思想虽存在缺陷与不足,但能够激发我们思考如何承担起对动物的责任,有助于促进动物伦理学、环境伦理学和动物政治的研究,亦可为践行“人与自然生命共同体”理念提供重要借鉴。

民营企业高质量发展的管理学逻辑与核心命题

民营企业的高质量发展是民营经济高质量发展的重要基础。民营企业是反映社会主义初级阶段生产关系的一种组织形态,是中国社会主义市场经济的重要物质基础,以民营企业为载体的民营经济是我国经济制度的内在要素。民营企业高质量发展有着特殊的管理学内涵,也有着环境共演性和制度依赖性。促进民营企业高质量发展的制度需要具备“立得牢”“放得活”“管得住”“担得起”“撑得稳”“落得地”的功能,影响民营企业高质量发展的主要制度原因是与正式制度变迁不同步的非正式制度以及制度执行。为此,需要解决制度同步性不足、制度效能一致性不足和制度功能误用等问题,建立健全增强民营企业发展公平性的基础性制度,提升民营企业发展能力的支持性制度,维护民营企业发展健康性的规范性制度,坚定民营企业发展信心的保障性制度,以及相应的有效、高效的制度执行机制,并保障与正式制度基本同步的非正式制度供给。在制度的影响下,民营企业的动态能力具有灵活性、市场性、营利性、战略性以及自发的生态性等整体独特性。