INLAND WATERBODY BIOLOGY IN RETROSPECT & ITS PROSPECTS

Inland waterbody biology is a disciplinary branch of ecology, dealing with the living phenomena of an inland waterbody ecosystem and their interaction with the environment. As freshwater resources constitute a critical precondition for human survival, the international community invariably places its research focus on the protection of the water environment. Both the theory and the practice of China’s freshwater biological research have reached the advanced level in the world today in terms of the exploitation of inland waterbody biomass production. In the protection of water quality, however, our work apparently lags behind the worldwide level. In line with the current situation in our country, we must respond rapidly by shifting our research priority to the protection of the water environment. Our strategy for the disciplinary development is to protect water quality, giving proper consideration to freshwater fisheries, moderate exploitation and the sustainable utilization of our inland waterbody

Identification of waterbody status in Indonesia by using predictive index assessment tool

The relationship between land use and water quality status is complex and likely to be site-specific,and more work is needed for it to be clearly quantified.Theref National Cheng Kung University,No 1 University Road,Tainan 701ore,the main objective of this paper was thus to identify and investigate status of waterbodies(lakes and rivers)by using appropriate predictive index assessment tool coupled with the offered Adaptive Co-Management(ACM)methodology towards sustainability of water quality and ecology in Indonesia.We then present a comprehensive assessment as baseline information to describe the existing condition of waterbody status in study area.The results indicated that the basic requirements of predictive index assessment tool,expressed as indicator:criteria and attributes,are use-specific or targeted to the protection of the watershed and waterbodies uses among a number of land use policies.In some situations,even stricter requirements and policies are necessary to achieve sustainability of water quality and ecology in Indonesia.

Assessment of Agricultural and Mining Pollutions of Waterbodies within the NakanbéBasin (Burkina Faso): The Case of the Goinré, Ziga and BagréReservoirs

Agriculture is harming its own future through soil degradation and pollution of the water that it generates. The different chemical analyses carried out on surface waters and the land surveys carried out in the Nakanbé basin have shown that agricultural practices contribute to water pollution. The monitoring of nitrate, orthophosphate and BOD5 levels in the dams of Goinré, Ziga and Bagré during the period from August to December revealed that agricultural practices lead to variation in these parameters. The average values for nitrates are 0.833 mg/L in the Goinré fresh waterbody, 1.372 mg/L in the Ziga reservoir, and 1.267 mg/L in the Bagré fresh waterbody. As for ortho phosphate, mean values are 0.357 mg/L in the Goinré reservoir, 0.157 mg/L in the Ziga reservoir and 0.123 mg/L in the Bagré reservoir. These average values are higher than the norms established by Nisbet and Vernaux (1970) for eutrophication. Nitrates and orthophosphate are the elements that contribute to the eutrophication of water surfaces in the Nakanbé basin, although this eutrophication is of low intensity. Of all pesticides encountered in our study sites, 45% are registered by the Sahelian Pesticides Committee (CSP): 35% are non-accredited and 20% are unknown in the global list authorized by the CSP in 2010.

Effects of landscape heterogeneity and breeding habitat diversity on rice frog abundance and body condition in agricultural landscapes of Yangtze River Delta,China

Amphibia ns play a key role in structuring biological assemblages of agricultural landscapes,but they are threatened by global agricultural intensification.Landscape structure is an important variable in flue ncing biodiversity in agricultural la ndscapes.However,in the Yangtze River Delta,where a"farmland-orchard-fishpond"agricultural pattern is common,the effects of landscape construction on anuran populations are unclear.In this study,we examined the effects of agricultural landscape parameters on the abundance and body condition of the rice frog(Fejervarya multistriata),which is a dominant anuran species in farmland in China.Employing a visual encounter method,we surveyed rice frog abundance for 3years across 20 agricultural landscapes.We also calculated the body condition index(BCD of 188 male frog individuals from these agricultural landscapes.Landscape variables,comprising landscape compositional heterogeneity(using the Shannon diversity in dex of all land cover types except buildings and roads),Ian dscape con figurational heterogeneity(using landscape edge density),breeding habitat diversity(using the number of 5 waterbody types available as breeding habitats),and areas of forest were also measured for each 1-km radius landscape.We found that the amount of forest in each agricultural Iandscape had a sign讦icant positive relationship with rice frog abundance,and breeding habitat diversity was positively related to the BCI of male rice frogs.However,body condition was negatively impacted by landscape configurational heterogeneity.Our results suggested the importance of nonagricultural habitats in agricultural landscapes,such as waterbodies and forest,to benefit rice frog population persistenee.

N pollution sources and denitrification in waterbodies in Taihu Lake region

Herein presented are the researches of the past few years related to characteristics of N pollution of waterbodies and N transport from croplands to the waterbodies in Suzhou and Wuxi regions, the center of the Taihu Lake valley. Based on the types of waterbodies, concentrations ofinorganic N of different forms, concentrations of PO_4^(3-), δ15NH4 values in river and lake waterbodies,the pollution sources of N in the river, lake and well waters are distinguished, and comparisons are made of trend of variation and amplitude of concentration between years, seasons and N pollutants in waterbodies. The increase in N2O concentration in different waterbodies and high δ15NO_3^(-)value in different waterbodies are deemed as an evidence of the existence of denitrification in the river, lake and well waters. Moreover, the role of denitrification in the waterbodies plays in stabilizing chronically concentration of N as pollutant in the waterbodies and mitigating N load in the waterbodies.

Decreasing mercury levels in consumer fish over the three decades of increasing mercury emissions in China

Fish consumption is the primary dietary route of human exposure to methylmercury.It has been well documented that elevated mercury concentration in fish in North America and Europe is linked to anthropogenic mercury emissions.China is the world’s largest producer,consumer,and emitter of mercury,as well as the world’s largest commercial fish producer and consumer.Although mercury pollution in fish in China is currently receiving much attention worldwide,its status remains largely unknown.Here,we conducted a meta-analysis on total mercury concentrations in marine and freshwater fish samples,covering 35,464 samples collected in China over the past 30 years.It is found that,opposite to the increasing emission and documented mercury contamination events,mercury levels in fish have gradually decreased in China over the past 30 years.The results were in sharp contrast to those found in North America and Europe.The mercury concentrations in fish were significantly anticorrelated with the fish catch and fish aquaculture and were inverse to trophic levels.Overfishing and the short lifecycle of aquaculture fish,both reducing the trophic level and the duration of mercury accumulation,were the most likely causes leading to the decline of mercury concentrations found in fish in China.

Siltation and radiocesium pollution of small lakes in different catchment types far from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident site

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident caused radioactive pollution in northeastern Honshu Island,Japan.This study examined the influence of snowmelt and rainfall on soil erosion pro-cesses and siltation of small lakes in Miyagi Prefecture(150 km northwest of the power plant).Two sets of slopes and lakes,respectively in pasture and forest catchments,were examined.Snowpack thickness,soil infiltration,surface runoff volume,soil and sediment physicochemical properties,Cs concentration of precipitation,meltwater,and rainwater,and lake siltation rates were determined.The total radioactive Cs content in precipitation was 0.7-7.4 Bq·L^-1 and was below the Japanese standard(10 Bq·L^-1).Total radioactive Cs was at the allowable level in water flowing down the pasture catchment slope(0.1-9.2 Bq·L^-1)during snowmelt and rainfall,as well as in pasture(0.9-8.8 Bq·L^-1)and forest(0.7-5.2 Bq·L^-1)catchment lake water.There was no soil erosion(surface runoff)in the forest catchment.Soil losses in the pasture catchment were 23 due to rainfall and 9 kg ha^-1 yr^-1 following spring snowmelt.After snow-melt,a 0.5 and 0.2 mm thick layer of silt was deposited in pasture and forest catchment lakes,respec-tively,and 1.4 and 0.6 mm were deposited during the rainfall period.Average siltation rates were 1.9 and 0.8 mm·yr^-1 for pasture and forest catchment lakes,respectively.The upper layer of lake bottom sedi-ments is represented mainly by silt fractions(2-50μm),with high organic matter(4.0-5.7%)and radiocesium(1100-1600 kg·ha^-1)contents.

Spatio-temporal variation of zooplankton community structure in tropical urban waterbodies along trophic and urban gradients

The ecological impacts of urbanization and eutrophication on zooplankton communities in urban waterbodies have recently gained wide interest.Study findings vary across species and urban waterbodies.How the development of such changes affects the variation of biotic assemblages has only been explored to a limited extent in tropical urban lakes.Spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton community structure in 11 urban waterbodies in the Klang Valley,Malaysia were investigated along trophic and urbanization gradients.Zooplankton and water quality samples were collected three times,between May and November 2017,from two different locations in each lake.All three main zooplankton groups(rotifera,copepoda,and cladocera)were recorded from the study areas throughout the sampling period.The zooplankton community structure,particularly with regard to rotifers and cladocerans,varied between lakes and seasons.Zooplankton diversity does not vary with lake size or distance from the city center but does vary with shoreline development index and urbanization impacts.The zooplankton populations were dominated by rotifers,mainly Brachionus angularis at all study sites during the study period followed by copepods and cladocerans.The total density of zooplankton was significantly highest(p<0.05)in the hypereutrophic lakes and during the dry season.Zooplankton diversity and rotifer species richness were negatively correlated with total phosphorus(TP).Diversity increased with urbanization and shoreline development,with rotifers as a potential bioindicator of trophic state in urban tropical lakes,due to their close relationship with TP.

Impact of wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge on the antibiotic resistome in downstream aquatic environments:a mini review

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has emerged as a significant challenge in human health.Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),acting as a link between human activities and the environment,create ideal conditions for the selection and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and antibioticresistant bacteria(ARB).Unfortunately,current treatment processes are ineffective in removing ARGs,resulting in the release of large quantities of ARB and ARGs into the aquatic environment through WWTP effluents.This,in turn,leads to their dispersion and potential transmission to human through water and the food chain.To safeguard human and environmental health,it is crucial to comprehend the mechanisms by which WWTP effluent discharge influences the distribution and diffusion of ARGs in downstream waterbodies.In this study,we examine the latest researches on the antibiotic resistome in various waterbodies that have been exposed to WWTP effluent,highlighting the key influencing mechanisms.Furthermore,recommendations for future research and management strategies to control the dissemination of ARGs from WWTPs to the environment are provided,with the aim to achieve the“One Health”objective.