Improvement of breakdown characteristics of an A1GaN/GaN HEMT with a U-type gate foot for millimeter-wave power application

In this study, the physics-based device simulation tool Silvaco ATLAS is used to characterize the electrical properties of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） with a U-type gate foot. The U-gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT mainly features a gradually changed sidewall angle, which effectively mitigates the electric field in the channel, thus obtaining enhanced off-state breakdown characteristics. At the same time, only a small additional gate capacitance and decreased gate resistance ensure excellent RF characteristics for the U-gate device. U-gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are feasible through adjusting the etching conditions of an inductively coupled plasma system, without introducing any extra process steps. The simulation results are confirmed by experimental measurements. These features indicate that U-gate A1GaN/GaN HEMTs might be promising candidates for use in millimeter-wave power applications.

The Instability of Terahertz Plasma Waves in Two Dimensional Gated and Ungated Quantum Electron Gas

The instability of terahertz（THz）plasma waves in two-dimensional（2D）quantum electron gas in a nanometer field effect transistor（FET）with asymmetrical boundary conditions has been investigated.We analyze THz plasma waves of two parts of the 2D quantum electron gas：gated and ungated regions.The results show that the radiation frequency and the increment（radiation power）in 2D ungated quantum electron gas are much higher than that in 2D gated quantum electron gas.The quantum effects always enhance the radiation power and enlarge the region of instability in both cases.This allows us to conclude that 2D quantum electron gas in the transistor channel is important for the emission and detection process and both gated and ungated parts take part in that process.

激光导引头波门诱偏干扰策略设计

超前同步干扰以固定的超前量转发干扰信号进入激光导引头波门,干扰成功概率是基本固定的,并且干扰和制导信号同时在波门内,导引头有机会和条件采取进一步的抗干扰措施,根据实时波门的原理,提出一种基于波门诱偏的激光导引头干扰方法,设计了干扰信号,探讨干扰的机理,通过分析制导信号、干扰信号以及波门的时序关系和相互作用过程,得到了干扰条件下波门内信号分布,选择典型参数,仿真模拟了超前同步和波门诱偏两种干扰状态,得到了干扰条件下波门对信号录取的特性,概率分析验证了波门诱偏干扰的相对优势,分析结果可为干扰参数和过程的设计提供参考。

随机重频激光制导雷达抗高重频干扰技术

为了能有效对抗高重频干扰,在分析高重频干扰破坏激光制导雷达信号处理机理的基础上,采用了随机重频照射激光波形,并利用激光目标指示器、目标和探测器的先验距离、速度特征,提出了基于自适应交叠波门的高重频干扰信号排查和鉴别方法,有效控制了重频干扰对目标捕获环节的影响,形成一套从波形设计到信号处理、目标捕获的端到端的抗高重频干扰解决方案,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。结果表明,在不同干扰场景下,有效捕获目标的时间均低于0.2 s,捕获时间在亚秒量级,与无干扰背景下目标典型捕获时间相当。此技术可有效对抗数十赫兹到250 kHz的固定/随机重频干扰,有利于提高制导武器对抗重频干扰的能力。

基于卷积门控循环单元的波浪发电系统输出功率预测

为高效准确预测波浪输出功率,提出卷积神经网络和门控循环单元混合模型波浪预测算法。采用间接预测方法,搭建直驱式波浪发电系统模型,运用CORREL函数分析不同波浪特征的相关性,结合卷积神经网络提取特征与高维空间中的波高关系,构造特征向量,通过门控循环单元网络进行训练,将全连接层的输出值经反归一化后获得预测波高值,输入所搭建模型,获得波浪输出功率预测值。仿真结果表明,与其他网络模型相比,在多特征输入情况下,混合模型波浪预测算法预测效率更高、精度更准确。

基于线性波门改进拍卖算法的航迹关联算法研究

针对分布式探测系统中多源传感器航迹关联问题,常用的基于距离统计构建关联代价矩阵,拍卖算法求解关联结果的流程在面临探测区域中目标数量大,目标航迹分布密集的场景时,会出现关联准确率下降及关联时间长的问题。提出了一种基于线性波门改进的拍卖算法来改进现有关联算法在面临上述场景时的关联性能。考虑传感器的测量偏差对距传感器远的目标航迹数据影响大于距离近的目标,因此设计了与距离有关的线性波门对可能关联的目标航迹筛选。仿真数据结果表明,提出的线性波门能够对传统拍卖算法在大批次目标下提升关联准确率和降低关联时间,证明了线性波门的有效性,对实际多源传感器航迹关联问题具有重要意义。

滑坡涌浪作用下某电站事故闸门动力响应分析

滑坡涌浪可能造成闸门大变形和失稳,研究某电站进水口事故闸门在滑坡涌浪动水压力作用下的动力响应问题对电站安全生产具有重要意义。采用自编程序模拟了不同工况下库区滑坡涌浪过程,将滑坡涌浪数值动水压力转化为施加在平板钢闸门有限元模型上的节点荷载,利用动力时程方法得到了闸门在滑坡涌浪作用下的动力响应,依据规范对闸门的动力响应做出评价。结果表明:闸门在正常蓄水位下受滑坡涌浪动水压力作用位移和应力响应值最大,在死水位下受滑坡涌浪动水压力作用闸门的动力响应影响更为明显;闸门在正常蓄水位下受滑坡涌浪动水压力作用的位移响应最大值为9.27 mm,Mises应力最大值为192.06 MPa;各个构件动应力水平较低,满足规范要求,在滑坡涌浪动水压力作用下可安全运行。

基于双模态门控特征融合的跌倒检测方法

使用单一传感器进行人体跌倒检测的方法不能充分捕捉动作特征,摄像头在光线较差时无法获得高质量图像,毫米波雷达的点云稀疏性降低了远距离目标信息的有效性;针对上述问题,提出了一种基于双模态门控特征融合的跌倒检测方法;使用雷达和摄像头同步检测,雷达分支根据时间-距离图和微多普勒图获得融合特征,视觉分支提取目标的光学特征;将两种特征送入门控融合模块,根据权重整合特征信息,在输出层实现分类;设计了雷达分支和整体网络的相关实验,雷达分支融合方法的平均准确率是91.7%,优于单一特征方法;整体网络的门控融合方法的准确率是94.1%,相比特征相加融合和首尾拼接融合方法分别高出3.0%和1.8%;充分表明该方法能够提升人体跌倒检测的性能。

基于FPGA的中波广播发射台自动化播控系统设计

为提高中波广播发射台播控系统的自动化水平,引入现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)技术,提出一种新的系统软硬件设计方案。实验结果表明,该方案可有效提高播控效率,为中波广播发射台实现自动化提供可行的技术路径。

SIMULTANEOUS MULTIPLE TARGET RECOGNITION USING POLARIZATION AGILE WAVES

A novel matching method for simultaneous multi-target recognition is proposed by jointly considering target's prior scattering knowledge and the polarization parameters of radar echoes. The matching coefficients are calculated for the judgment. MATLAB simulations show that several targets can be accurately recognized simultaneously, and a high recognition probability can be achieved in Monte Carlo simulations. The total execution time can be remarkably reduced in the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of the matching procedure.

基于IAVOA-GRU网络的高频地波雷达电离层杂波预测

电离层杂波的精确预测对提升高频地波雷达的探测性能具有重要作用。提出了一种基于改进非洲秃鹫优化算法优化门控循环单元(Improved African Vultures Optimization Algorithm Optimization Gated Recurrent Unit,IAVOA-GRU)网络的电离层杂波预测方法。首先,依据电离层杂波的混沌特性,通过相空间重构方法对接收到的电离层杂波进行相空间重建,构建GRU网络的输入、输出样本集;然后,利用IAVOA对GRU网络的隐层节点数、迭代次数及初始学习速率3个超参数值执行优选;最后,重新训练优化后的GRU网络,并进行预测。实测结果表明,相较其他6种对比预测模型,所提出的IAVOA-GRU网络模型具有较高的预测精度和可靠性,为有效改善高频地波雷达的探测性能提供了一种思路和方法。

基于FPGA的单边带短波通信系统

提出一种基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)的单边带短波通信系统。以FPGA芯片为核心处理器,搭配外围模拟接口电路,实现短波通信。主要论证单边带通信系统的原理和实现方法,详细介绍了该系统的组成和FPGA的设计方案,并根据系统运行结果分析了系统的特点。

Controlling a sine wave gating single-photon detector by exploiting its filtering loophole

GHz single-photon detector （SPD） is a crucial part in the practical high speed quantum key distribution （QKD） system. However, any imperfections in a practical QKD system may be exploited by an eavesdropper （Eve） to collect information about the key without being discovered. The sine wave gating SPD （SG-SPD） based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode, one kind of practical high speed SPD, may also contain loopholes. In this paper, we study the principle and characteristic of the SG-SPD and find out the filtering loophole of the SG-SPD for the first time. What is more, the proof-of-principle experiment shows that Eve could blind and control Bob＇s SG-SPD by exploiting this loophole. We believe that giving enough attention to this loophole can improve the practical security of the existing QKD system. GHz single-photon detector （SPD） is a crucial part in the practical high speed quantum key distribution （QKD） system. However, any imperfections in a practical QKD system may be exploited by an eavesdropper （Eve） to collect information about the key without being discovered. The sine wave gating SPD （SG-SPD） based on InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode, one kind of practical high speed SPD, may also contain loopholes. In this paper, we study the principle and characteristic of the SG-SPD and find out the filtering loophole of the SG-SPD for the first time. What is more, the proof-of-principle experiment shows that Eve could blind and control Bob＇s SG-SPD by exploiting this loophole. We believe that giving enough attention to this loophole can improve the practical security of the existing QKD system.

基于OARO-GRU网络的高频地波雷达电离层杂波短期预测

电离层杂波的精确预测对提升高频地波雷达的目标探测性能具有重要推动作用。为此,提出了一种基于改进人工兔子算法优化门控循环单元(Opposite Artificial Rabbits Optimization optimized Gated Recurrent Unit,OARO-GRU)网络的电离层杂波短期预测模型。首先,依据高频地波雷达接收到的电离层杂波具有混沌特性这一先验知识,通过相空间重构技术构造GRU网络的输入和输出样本集;然后,融入反向学习和柯西变异两种改进策略用于改善标准ARO的寻优能力,并将其用于执行GRU网络的包含隐层节点个数、初始学习速率和最大迭代次数在内的三个超参数值的优选;最后,重新训练优化后的GRU网络,输入测试样本集进行测试,并依据给定的评价指标评估模型。实测结果表明:相较于其他7种对照模型,所提出的OARO-GRU网络预测模型在预测精度和可靠性上均具有明显的优越性,为有效改善高频地波雷达的目标探测性能提供了一种新的思路与方法。

All-optical XNOR and AND gates simultaneously realized in a single semiconductor optical amplifier with improved dynamics

All-optical XNOR and AND logic gates using four-wave mixing （FWM） and cross-gain modulation （XGM） in a single semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA） with improved dynamics are simultaneously realized. By numerical simulation, the effects of the input optical wave powers and injection current on the critical factors of the logic gate performances, such as the ON-OFF contrast ratio, the power-output level of the logic ＇1＇, and the difference between power outputs of the logic ＇1＇, are investigated in detail. In addition, the effect of the counter-propagating CW pump on the gain recovery is analysed.

Optimized Implementation for Wave Digital Filter Based Circuit Emulation on FPGA

A binary tree representation is designed in this paper for optimization of wave digital filter（WDF）implementation.To achieve this,an equivalent WDF model of the original circuit is converted into abinary tree representation at first.This WDF binary tree can then be transformed to several topologies with the same implication,since the WDF adaptors have a symmetrical behavior on their ports.Because the WDF implementation is related to field programmable gate array（FPGA）resource usage and the cycle time of emulation,choosing aproper binary tree topology for WDF implementation can help balance the complexity and performance quality of an emulation system.Both WDF-FPGA emulation and HSpice simulation on the same circuit are tested.There is no significant difference between these two simulations.However,in terms of time consumption,the WDF-FPGA emulation has an advantage over the other.Our experiment also demonstrates that the optimized WDF-FPGA emulation has an acceptable accuracy and feasibility.

沭新闸改造闸门结构静、动力场响应特征研究

为研究沭新闸改造后闸门结构静、动力场响应特征,采用仿真建模计算方法,综合分析静力场下闸门设计参数合理性,探讨不同类型地震波、不同幅值地震波下结构响应特征。从闸门型钢结构上、下翼缘及腹板拉应力影响变化特征,获得腹板间距1.3m时抑制拉应力效果最优,各向位移为最低,满足闸门结构静力场设计安全,为研究水工结构对比设计及多类型地震波下动力响应特征分析提供参考。

基于FPGA的时间域航空电磁多波脉冲发射电路控制设计

时间域航空电磁法是航空地球物理领域重要的技术方法,具有大深度探测能力,为实现大探测深度兼顾浅层分辨能力,需要研发一种多波脉冲发射装置,能够同时发射大电流半正弦波和快速关断小峰值电流梯形波。该文利用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)作为硬件平台,采用硬件描述语言(Verilog),通过脉冲频率调制或脉宽调制方式来精确控制发射电流的波形、频率和脉宽,从而实现数字化控制,产生精度高、可控性强的多路数字驱动信号。与传统的半正弦波发射电路相比,其主波发射脉冲由两个1/4正弦波组成,上升沿和下降沿的时长和陡度可以通过程序独立调节,副波发射脉冲为快速关断沿的小幅值梯形脉冲,通过实测试验验证了该文方法的可行性,能够满足深地与近地表探测的要求。

雷达波形通用调制引擎设计

针对软件化雷达复杂调制波形高效灵活产生的问题,以相干处理间隔为更新周期将复杂调制脉冲串抽象描述为波形矩阵,提出一种调选分离的雷达波形产生方式,降低了上位机的计算量以及到硬件的传输延迟。在此基础上,设计了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(field programmble gate array, FPGA)的雷达波形通用调制引擎,可实现波形产生与波形样式解耦、波形优化/选用与波形产生解耦。基于商用现货(commercial off-the-shelf, COTS)的系统测试表明,通用调制引擎可灵活支持脉内任意调制、脉间波形捷变以及初相、频偏、幅度、重复间隔等脉间参数调制,为软件化雷达波形产生与灵活运用提供设计参考。

十字门水道船舶兴波影响及限速研究

当前,粤港澳大湾区内经贸往来进一步融合,粤港澳海上安全命运共同体建设步伐逐步加快,珠江口水域船舶通航日渐繁忙,水上客运流量剧增。位于横琴、澳门地区交界的十字门水道沿岸建有横琴粤澳深度合作区唯一的客运港以及澳门地区主要游艇停泊区,高速船舶往来频繁。水上客运、旅游等产业高速发展的同时,十字门水道因船行波引发的安全问题也日渐凸显。通过调研分析十字门水道通航环境及船舶活动规律,研究船舶航速与兴波大小的关系,分析兴波对沿岸设施的影响,据此提出在该水道实施船舶限速的建议方案,为研究制定十字门水道船舶航速规定提供参考。