Wave Processes and Mass Transfer on the Copper-Stainless Steel Interface under Solid Phase Bonding by High-Temperature Rolling

The paper presents the study of hierarchy of deformation wave-processes from nano- to macro-structural level, which takes place in dissimilar materials, bonded by high-temperature vacuum rolling in solid phase. The focus was on the processes that occur on the interface of the bonded materials: mass trasfer of impurities and alloying elements stimulated by deformation, the study of nano- and micro-hardness.

Voltage Characteristic Analysis of Ultra-high Voltage Half-wavelength Transmission System Based on Wave Process Method

The voltage characteristics of a half-wavelength transmission(HWLT)system lack mechanism explanation and systematic summary.In this paper,both the steady-state and fault voltage characteristics are analyzed and explained based on the wave process method.An analysis model is established for HWLT lines and wave propagation equations with different terminal conditions are deduced.For steady-state conditions,voltage profiles along HWLT lines are depicted and partial overvoltage occurs when there is an overload or low-power factor.In addition,fault voltage characteristics are analyzed under load-rejection or short-circuit conditions.The series resonance overvoltage will happen when short-circuit faults occur at certain positions and its peak value is influenced by grid strength or fault type.Furthermore,a refined transmission line model is presented to consider non-ideal factors and simulation results demonstrate that geomorphic conditions and electromagnetic environments influence line voltage characteristics to a certain extent.

Analysis of Energy Characteristics in the Process of Freak Wave Generation

The energy characteristics in the evolution of the wave train are investigated to understand the inherent cause of the freak wave generation. The Morlet wavelet spectrum method is employed to analyze the numerical, laboratory and field evolution data of this generation process. Their energy distributions and variations are discussed with consideration of corresponding surface elevations. Through comparing the energy characteristics of three cases, it is shown that the freak wave generation depends not only on the continuous transfer of wave train energy to a certain region where finally the maximum energy occurs, but also on the distinct shift of the converged energy to high-frequency components in a very short time. And the typical energy characteristics of freak waves are also given.

The Process of a Laser-Supported Combustion Wave Induced by Millisecond Pulsed Laser on Aluminum Alloy

We study the process of a laser-supported combustion wave （LSCW） when an aluminum alloy is irradiated by a millisecond pulse laser based on the method of laser shadowgraphy. Under the condition of different laser parameters, the obtained results include the velocity, ignition threshold of LSCW and the variation law. The speed of LSCW increases with the laser energy under the same irradiation laser pulse width, and the speed of LSCW reduces with the increase of the laser pulse width under the same irradiation laser energy. Moreover, the ignition time of LSCW becomes shorter by increasing the laser number of the pulse and is not effected by changing the frequencies, when keeping the laser pulse width and energy unchanged. The results of the study can be applied in the laser propulsion technology and metal surface laser heat treatment, etc.

Analysis of a Cold Wave Weather Process in Chengdu in March 2010

[Objective] The aim was to analyze one cold wave weather process in Chengdu in March in 2010.[Method] Based on the NCEP 1°×1° 6 h interval reanalysis data and daily observation data,using synoptic analysis and diagnosis methods,and combining with the cold wave forecast index in spring of Sichuan,a cold wave event covering the whole region between March 21 and 24,2010 was analyzed from the aspects of circulation background,influencing weather systems and weather causation.[Result] Results showed that the 500 high-altitude cold vortex,700-850 hPa low layer shear,and ground cold front were the main systems that influenced this cold wave;there was a ridge from Lake Balkhash across Lake Baikal at 500 hPa.The early stage of the process was controlled by the high pressure ridge and the temperature was increasing obviously.The daily mean temperature was high.The range of cold high pressure was large and the central intensity was 1 043.0 hPa;the cold air was strong and deep which was in accordance with the strong surface temperature reduction center.The strong north airstream of Lake Balkhash to Lake Baikal,ground cold high pressure center intensity changes,north and south ocean pressure and temperature differences,850 hPa temperature changes,cold advection movement route and intensity were considered as reference factors for the forecast of cold wave intensity.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for improving the forecast ability of cold wave weather.

Numerical simulation of non-gaussian process of wind waves

In this paper further mathematical analysis on 'correlation transfer technique' by Polge el al. is carried out, the tenable conditions and the extent of suitability for the said method are proved as well. In consideration of the influence of skewness of the sea surface elevation on spectral shape, a 'quasi-correlation transfer techique' is developed by the modification of the simulated target spectrum. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation of the non-Gaussian process of wind waves is carried out in view of the two conditions of the surface elevation probability distribution and the spectrum. By using its simulated results, the influence of skewness of the sea surface elevation on two parameters in the distribution of wave heights (which had been fitted by using the Weibull distribution) is analysed. The 'quasi- correlation tranfer technique' is verified and compared with the selection wave data observed in the Jiaozhou Bay in the period of 1980 to 1981. Results make clear (hat, as far as the statistical distribution of the wave heights and the distribution of the maximum (minimum) values of the sea surface elevation are concerned, the said method is obviously superior to the conventional mothed of the linear wave superposition, and that the simulated results are closer to the observation data.

Measurement of intensity difference squeezing via non-degenerate four-wave mixing process in an atomic vapor

We report the measurement of the intensity difference squeezing via the non-degenerate four-wave mixing process in a rubidium atomic vapor medium. Two pairs of balanced detection systems are employed to measure the probe and the conjugate beams, respectively. It is convenient to get the quantum shot noise limit, the squeezed and the amplified noise power spectra. We also investigate the influence of the input extra quadrature amplitude noise of the probe beam. The influence of the extra noise can be minimized and the squeezing can be optimized under the proper parameter condition. We measure the -3.7-dB intensity difference squeezing when the probe beam has a 3-dB extra quadrature amplitude noise. This result is slightly smaller than -4.1 dB when the ideal coherent light （no extra noise） for the probe beam is used.

Intensification of the Banana Drying Processes by Using EFL Electromagnetic Waves

Drying of the banana in the hot water has a negative impact on the quality of the product and drying effect. The purposes of this study are increasing the drying rate, using the relatively low temperature to improve the quality (40℃, 50℃ and 60℃) and investigate the use of electromagnetic waves to increase the drying speed. Therefore, experiments are performed using 5 kHz,10 kHz and 15 kHz low frequency electromagnetic waves in the air velocity values of 0.5 m/s, 1 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2 m/s and 40℃, 50℃, 60℃ centigrade degrees of air blast in a special compartment. Mathematical model of the drying process has been created as using the electrical circuits methods and experimental results. As a result, a simple equation describing the drying process has been obtained. Nonlinear expression of the diffusion coefficient for a different situation in this equation has been identified for the first time. The obtained theoretical results and experimental results have been provided a good agreement. This study is considered to be useful for all studies in the drying area.

A real time processing system of seismic waves using personal computers-Function and characteristics

Seismological Bureau of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China2) Center for Analysis and Prediction, State Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100036, China3) Observation Center for Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions, Faculty of Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 98077, Japan

A Numerical Model of Coastal Processes of Sand Beaches Based on Long-Term Wave Series

A numerical model of shoreline change of sand beaches based on long-term field wave data is proposed, the explicit and implicit finite difference forms of the model are described, and an application of the model is presented. Results of the application indicate that the model is sensitive to the order of the input wave data, and that the effects of long-term wave series and the effects of the mean annual wave conditions on the model are different. Instead of a single wave condition, the wave series will make the calibration and the verification of the model more practical and the results of the model more reasonable.

ASYMPTOTICS OF THE SOLUTIONS TO STOCHASTIC WAVE EQUATIONS DRIVEN BY A NON-GAUSSIAN LéVY PROCESS

In this article, we consider the long time behavior of the solutions to stochastic wave equations driven by a non-Gaussian Lévy process. We shall prove that under some appropriate conditions, the exponential stability of the solutions holds. Finally, we give two examples to illustrate our results.

无血清培养杂交瘤细胞在WAVE-25生物反应器的工艺研究

目的:在WAVE-25生物反应器上,探讨抗人CD52杂交瘤细胞无血清流加培养方式的工艺条件,通过多种抗体质量检测加以验证,建立规模化的生产工艺,为后期的工艺放大提供参考。方法:探索无血清培养CD52杂交瘤细胞在WAVE-25生物反应器的工艺参数,在反应过程中依据活细胞密度、活率、pH值、溶氧以及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量、葡萄糖(Gluc)、谷氨酰胺(L-Gln)、乳酸(Lac)、铵根离子(NH_(4)^(+))等生长代谢参数进行过程监测和调控;通过蛋白纯化,利用流式细胞术,十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和分子排阻高效液相色谱(SEC-HPLC)对CD52单克隆抗体纯品(简称CD52纯抗)进行特异性和纯度的检测和鉴定。结果:无血清培养CD52杂交瘤细胞通过流加培养方式在WAVE-252L生物反应器可稳定大规模培养,蛋白纯化后获得的CD52纯抗产率和质量得到显著提高,产率从100 mg/L提高至350 mg/L,提高了3.5倍;纯度从92%提高至100%;相同浓度下荧光强度提高了69%。结论:CD52杂交瘤细胞在WAVE-25生物反应器可大规模培养,通过工艺参数和反应过程中生化指标的调控获得的CD52纯抗产率和质量都有显著的提高,可为后续的大规模化生产提供参考。

基于高压气体驱动的爆炸波模拟激波管冲击波衰减历程控制方法

基于高压气体驱动的爆炸波模拟激波管,一般采用驱动段、喉部、膨胀段的结构形式,可产生特征与爆炸波接近的模拟冲击波,是实验室中开展长正压作用时间爆炸毁伤效应研究的理想平台。通过调整激波管的变截面结构和驱动段形状,实现冲击波超压衰减历程的控制,是此类爆炸波模拟激波管设计面临的核心问题之一。基于实验室现有的爆炸波模拟激波管结构,建立了激波管内一维流动数值计算模型;参考统计学理论,提出了基于决定系数的激波管模拟冲击波与标准爆炸波相似度评价方法;进而以变截面激波管的流动特性为基础,研究了驱动段形状对冲击波衰减历程的影响机理。研究结果表明:采用距离喉部越远、截面直径越小的驱动段形状,以决定系数为量化标准、优化驱动段形状,控制稀疏波、压缩波在激波管内的运动过程,可以获得接近于爆炸波指数衰减特征的模拟冲击波。

混凝土梁尾波信号环境噪声对照补偿法

为推进超声尾波技术在混凝土结构检测中的应用,研究了环境干扰引起的混凝土梁超声尾波信号特征噪声并提出噪声补偿方法。开展了自然环境下的混凝土梁超声试验,提出平移缩放旋转多特征算法,将尾波信号的波速、频率、幅值特征以时间平移、时轴缩放、向量旋转3种参数形式进行分析。通过两试件超声对照试验,对尾波环境噪声进行补偿,并与尾波干涉法信号降噪结果进行对比,验证本文方法的有效性。结果表明:温度是尾波环境噪声的主要来源,湿度为次要来源;本文方法对尾波信号的降噪效果可达到91%以上,显著优于尾波干涉法;通过对照试件特征参数的噪声补偿可达到90%水平。研究结果可为提高尾波信号稳定性提供研究方法与试验基础。

基于动态人工波速的透射边界

人工边界处理是近场地震波动数值模拟的关键问题,其中透射边界(multi-transmitting formula,MTF)是一种应用较为广泛的人工边界方法,但它也存在计算精度与稳定性相互冲突的问题.为提高稳定性较好的低阶边界的模拟精度,发展出一种动态人工波速透射边界,能够适应复杂波动中外行波透射角随时间大幅度变化的情形,并探讨了动态人工波速识别这一关键问题.通过在当前时刻波场中沿人工边界附近划定观察窗口,并在一段时间之前某时刻波场中构建出一组与边界法线夹角在-90°~90°范围变化的筛选窗口,设计出一种对这两个时刻局部窗口中的波场进行比对的图像处理方法来识别外行波的透射角度.将识别得到的透射角度用于动态更新透射边界的人工波速,实现基于动态人工波速透射边界的波动模拟.在SH波动数值模拟中分别以单一脉冲波的简单波动和多个平面波叠加的复杂波动为例,证明所发展的动态人工波速透射边界对于不同透射角的波动成分均具有较好的适应性,模拟精度显著优于采用经验固定人工波速的传统透射边界.该方法为发展和完善高精度且计算稳定的人工边界提供了一个全新的研究思路.

天然酯绝缘油对220 kV电力变压器主绝缘性能的影响分析

为了分析天然酯绝缘油对高压变压器绝缘性能的影响,本研究以一台220 kV电力变压器为研究对象,对其进行波过程计算得到雷电冲击全波下的节点电位与油道梯度电压,并建立变压器主绝缘电场计算模型得到工频及雷电全波电压下的电场分布,再计算绝缘裕度。结果表明:天然酯绝缘油变压器在工频下主绝缘裕度较大,而在雷电全波下该值较小。通过改进天然酯绝缘油变压器的绝缘结构,可缩小天然酯绝缘油变压器中压、高压绕组间主绝缘距离约6%,增大调压绕组匝绝缘厚度及角环半径,可使其在雷电全波下的绝缘裕度最小值提高15%,同时有效节约了成本。

一种基于人体生物电信号分析的健康监测实验系统的设计

设计了一种基于反射式光电容积脉搏波描记法(PhotoPlethyMography,PPG)进行心率变异性(Heart Rate Variability,HRV)短时分析的实验系统,使用国产主控处理器和脉搏波采集器采集脉搏波数据,经过滤波预处理、心率周期检测、HRV数据计算、MATLAB AppDesigner显示波形和数据存储,通过分析得到了关于人体HRV的健康监测数据。

饱和湿大气中惯性重力内波不稳定判据的探讨

为分析饱和湿斜压大气中任意频率的惯性重力内波的稳定性,利用非静力平衡Boussinesq近似的方程组,在饱和湿斜压大气中考虑湿绝热过程,着重分析讨论任意频率的惯性重力内波不稳定的充分条件(即判据),主要得出:当饱和湿斜压大气的位温经向梯度与饱和相当位温经向梯度之和大于零时,波动不稳定的必要条件是波动向北倾斜;反之,波动不稳定的必要条件是波动向南倾斜。在基流、基本温度场分布不同的饱和湿斜压环境大气中,任意频率惯性重力内波的不稳定判据呈多种不同的表达式,变化复杂。一般情况下,波动不稳定的充分条件即不稳定判据是饱和湿斜压环境大气不仅满足动热力参数Δ大于零,且波动等位相面的倾斜度必须位于与Δ有关的两个参数值A_(1)、A_(2)之间。当位温经向梯度与饱和假相当位温经向梯度的方向相反,波动相对更稳定。如果惯性重力内波发生不稳定,饱和湿斜压环境大气的等饱和相当位温面的倾斜度可能超过等绝对动量面的倾斜度,也可能小于等绝对动量面的倾斜度。

High-Resolution Broadband Millimeter-Wave Astrophysical Spectrometer with Triple Product Acousto-Optical Processor

An advanced conceptual design of a high-bit-rate triple product acousto-optical processor is presented that can be applied in a number of astrophysical problems. We briefly describe the Large Millimeter Telescope as one of the potential observational infrastructures where the acousto-optical spectrometer can be successfully used. A summary on the study of molecular gas in relatively old (age > 10 Myr) disks around main sequence stars is provided. We have identified this as one of the science cases in which the proposed processor can have a big impact. Then we put forward triple product acousto-optical processor is able to realize algorithm of the space-and-time integrating, which is desirable for a wideband spectrum analysis of radio-wave signals with an improved resolution providing the resolution power of about 105 - 106. It includes 1D-acousto-optic cells as the input devices for a 2D-optical data processing. The importance of this algorithm is based on exploiting the chirp Z-transform technique providing a 2D-Fourier transform of the input signals. The system produces the folded spectrum, accumulating advantages of both space and time integrating. Its frequency bandwidth is practically equal to the bandwidth of transducers inherent in acousto-optical cells. Then, similar processor is able to provide really high frequency resolution, which is practically equal to the reciprocal of the CCD-matrix photo-detector integration time. Here, the current state of developing the triple product acousto-optical processor in frames of the astrophysical instrumentation is shortly discussed.

基于测量不确定度评定理论的波浪能发电装置实验数据质量评价研究

通过采用测量不确定度评定理论提出波浪能发电装置实验室俘获宽度比测试的数据质量评价模型并进行验证,可为后续建立波浪能发电装置实验数据的量值溯源链,完善波浪能发电数据评估技术提供研究基础。研究表明,在同一工况下实验结果的测量不确定度与样本量有关,在采用测量不确定度评价不同装置的实验数据质量时应在相同或相近的样本量条件下进行,避免由于样本量的不同造成实验结果的评价差异。