A flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch which comprises counter-tapered couplers and silicon microring resonators has been proposed,optimized,and demonstrated experimentally in this work....A flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch which comprises counter-tapered couplers and silicon microring resonators has been proposed,optimized,and demonstrated experimentally in this work.By carefully thermally tuning phase shifters and silicon microring resonators,mode and wavelength signals can be independently and flexibly conveyed to any one of the output ports,and different bandwidths can be generated as desired.The particle swarm optimization algorithm and finite difference time-domain method are employed to optimize structural parameters of the twomode(de)multiplexer and crossing waveguide.The bandwidth-tunable wavelength-selective optical router composed of12 microring resonators is studied by taking advantage of the transfer matrix method.Measurement results show that,for the fabricated module,cross talk less than-10.18 dB,an extinction ratio larger than 17.41 d B,an in-band ripple lower than0.79 dB,and a 3-dB bandwidth changing from 0.38 to 1.05 nm are obtained,as the wavelength-channel spacing is 0.40 nm.The corresponding response time is measured to be 13.64μs.展开更多
A hybrid switching node structure with light and microwave links is proposed, which is applicable to the future data relay satellite systems, aiming at the development trend of coexistence of light- link and microwave...A hybrid switching node structure with light and microwave links is proposed, which is applicable to the future data relay satellite systems, aiming at the development trend of coexistence of light- link and microwave-link in the future. An experimental system for the light and microwave hybrid switching node based on wavelength selective optical switches (WSS) and optical transceiver modules, is established. It is shown by our experiment that this hybrid switching node can realize the dynamic bandwidth allocation and wavelength routing while the bit error rate of light link is less than 10?12, which provides a method for solving the hybrid switching problem of light-link and microwave-link on the future data relay satellite systems.展开更多
A theoretical design is presented for a 1 × M wavelength-selective switch(WSS) that routes any one of N incoming wavelength signals to any one of M output ports. This planar on-chip device comprises of a 1 ×...A theoretical design is presented for a 1 × M wavelength-selective switch(WSS) that routes any one of N incoming wavelength signals to any one of M output ports. This planar on-chip device comprises of a 1 × N demultiplexer, a group of N switching "trees" actuated by electro-optical or thermo-optical means, and an M-fold set of N × 1multiplexers. Trees utilize 1 × 2 switches. The WSS insertion loss is proportional to [log_2(M+N +1)]. Along with cross talk from trees, cross talk is present at each cross-illuminated waveguide intersection within the WSS, and there are at most N-1 such crossings per path. These loss and cross talk properties will likely place a practical limit of N=M=16 upon the WSS size. By constraining the 1 × 2 switching energy to^1 f J∕bit, we find that resonant, narrowband 1 × 2 switches are required. The 1 × 2 devices proposed here are nanobeam Mach–Zehnders and asymmetric contra-directional couplers with grating assistance.展开更多
Wavelength selective switch(WSS)is the crucial component in the reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer(ROADM),which plays a pivotal role in the next-generation all-optical networks.We present a compact architectu...Wavelength selective switch(WSS)is the crucial component in the reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer(ROADM),which plays a pivotal role in the next-generation all-optical networks.We present a compact architecture of twin 1×40 liquid crystal on silicon(LCoS)-based WSS,which can be regarded as a 4f system in the wavelength direction and a 2f system in the switching direction.It is designed with theoretical analysis and simulation investigation.Polarization multiplexing is employed for two sources of twin WSS by polarization con-version before the common optical path.The WSS system attains a coupling efficacy exceeding 96%for 90%of the ports through simulation optimization.The 3 dB bandwidth can be achieved by more than 44 GHz at a 50 GHz grid for all 120 channels at all deflection ports.This work establishes a solid foundation for developing high-performance WSS with larger port counts.展开更多
Space-division multiplexing （SDM） using multi-core fibers （MCFs） and few-mode fibers （FMFs） was proposed as a solution to increase capacity and/or reduce the cost per bit of fiber-optic transmission. Advances in...Space-division multiplexing （SDM） using multi-core fibers （MCFs） and few-mode fibers （FMFs） was proposed as a solution to increase capacity and/or reduce the cost per bit of fiber-optic transmission. Advances in passive and active SDM devices as well as digital signal processing have led to impressive SDM transmission demonstrations in the laboratory. Although the perceived advantages in terms of capacity and cost per bit that SDM offers over parallel SMF bundles are not universally accepted, SDM is beginning to emerge as an indispensable solution in major network segments. The introduction of the spatial degree of freedom allows optical networks to overcome fundamental limitations such as fiber nonlinearity as well practical limitations such as power delivery. We describe these application scenarios that the optical communications industry has already began to explore. From a fundamental science point of view, concepts such as the principal modes, generalized Stokes space, and multi-component solitons discovered in SDM research will likely have a broad impact in other areas of science and engineering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62275134,62234008,61875098,and 61874078)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.LY20F050003 and LY20F050001)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(Nos.2022J099 and 202003N4159)the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project of Ningbo(No.2023QL003)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund at Ningbo University。
文摘A flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch which comprises counter-tapered couplers and silicon microring resonators has been proposed,optimized,and demonstrated experimentally in this work.By carefully thermally tuning phase shifters and silicon microring resonators,mode and wavelength signals can be independently and flexibly conveyed to any one of the output ports,and different bandwidths can be generated as desired.The particle swarm optimization algorithm and finite difference time-domain method are employed to optimize structural parameters of the twomode(de)multiplexer and crossing waveguide.The bandwidth-tunable wavelength-selective optical router composed of12 microring resonators is studied by taking advantage of the transfer matrix method.Measurement results show that,for the fabricated module,cross talk less than-10.18 dB,an extinction ratio larger than 17.41 d B,an in-band ripple lower than0.79 dB,and a 3-dB bandwidth changing from 0.38 to 1.05 nm are obtained,as the wavelength-channel spacing is 0.40 nm.The corresponding response time is measured to be 13.64μs.
文摘A hybrid switching node structure with light and microwave links is proposed, which is applicable to the future data relay satellite systems, aiming at the development trend of coexistence of light- link and microwave-link in the future. An experimental system for the light and microwave hybrid switching node based on wavelength selective optical switches (WSS) and optical transceiver modules, is established. It is shown by our experiment that this hybrid switching node can realize the dynamic bandwidth allocation and wavelength routing while the bit error rate of light link is less than 10?12, which provides a method for solving the hybrid switching problem of light-link and microwave-link on the future data relay satellite systems.
基金Air Force Office of Scientific Research(AFOSR)(FA9550-14-1-0196)
文摘A theoretical design is presented for a 1 × M wavelength-selective switch(WSS) that routes any one of N incoming wavelength signals to any one of M output ports. This planar on-chip device comprises of a 1 × N demultiplexer, a group of N switching "trees" actuated by electro-optical or thermo-optical means, and an M-fold set of N × 1multiplexers. Trees utilize 1 × 2 switches. The WSS insertion loss is proportional to [log_2(M+N +1)]. Along with cross talk from trees, cross talk is present at each cross-illuminated waveguide intersection within the WSS, and there are at most N-1 such crossings per path. These loss and cross talk properties will likely place a practical limit of N=M=16 upon the WSS size. By constraining the 1 × 2 switching energy to^1 f J∕bit, we find that resonant, narrowband 1 × 2 switches are required. The 1 × 2 devices proposed here are nanobeam Mach–Zehnders and asymmetric contra-directional couplers with grating assistance.
基金This work was supported by ZTE Industry⁃University⁃Institute Coopera⁃tion Funds under Grant No.IA20230614004.
文摘Wavelength selective switch(WSS)is the crucial component in the reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer(ROADM),which plays a pivotal role in the next-generation all-optical networks.We present a compact architecture of twin 1×40 liquid crystal on silicon(LCoS)-based WSS,which can be regarded as a 4f system in the wavelength direction and a 2f system in the switching direction.It is designed with theoretical analysis and simulation investigation.Polarization multiplexing is employed for two sources of twin WSS by polarization con-version before the common optical path.The WSS system attains a coupling efficacy exceeding 96%for 90%of the ports through simulation optimization.The 3 dB bandwidth can be achieved by more than 44 GHz at a 50 GHz grid for all 120 channels at all deflection ports.This work establishes a solid foundation for developing high-performance WSS with larger port counts.
基金This work has been supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China （973） （No. 2014CB340104/1）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （Grant Nos. 61377076, 61307085 and 61431009）.
文摘Space-division multiplexing （SDM） using multi-core fibers （MCFs） and few-mode fibers （FMFs） was proposed as a solution to increase capacity and/or reduce the cost per bit of fiber-optic transmission. Advances in passive and active SDM devices as well as digital signal processing have led to impressive SDM transmission demonstrations in the laboratory. Although the perceived advantages in terms of capacity and cost per bit that SDM offers over parallel SMF bundles are not universally accepted, SDM is beginning to emerge as an indispensable solution in major network segments. The introduction of the spatial degree of freedom allows optical networks to overcome fundamental limitations such as fiber nonlinearity as well practical limitations such as power delivery. We describe these application scenarios that the optical communications industry has already began to explore. From a fundamental science point of view, concepts such as the principal modes, generalized Stokes space, and multi-component solitons discovered in SDM research will likely have a broad impact in other areas of science and engineering.
