Research on fiber optic gyro signal de-noising based on wavelet packet soft-threshold

Gyro＇s drift is not only the main drift error which influences gyro＇s precision but also the primary factor that affects gyro＇s reliability. Reducing zero drift and random drift is a key problem to the output of a gyro signal. A three-layer de-nosing threshold algorithm is proposed based on the wavelet decomposition to dispose the signal which is collected from a running fiber optic gyro （FOG）. The coefficients are obtained from the three-layer wavelet packet decomposition. By setting the high frequency part which is greater than wavelet packet threshold as zero, then reconstructing the nodes which have been filtered out noise and interruption, the soft threshold function is constructed by the coefficients of the third nodes. Compared wavelet packet de-noise with forced de-noising method, the proposed method is more effective. Simulation results show that the random drift compensation is enhanced by 13.1%, and reduces zero drift by 0.052 6°/h.

Reduction of ultrasonic echo noise based on improved wavelet threshold de-noising algorithm for friction welding

In the ultrasonic detection of defects in friction welded joints, it is difficult to exactly detect some weak bonding defects because of the noise pollution. This paper proposed an improved threshold function based on the multi-resolution analysis wavelet threshold de-noising method which was put forward by Donoho and Johnstone, and applied this method in the de-noising of the defective signals. This threshold function overcomes the discontinuous shortcoming of the hard-threshold function and the disadvantage of soft threshold function which causes an invariable deviation between the estimated wavelet coeffwients and the decomposed wavelet coefficients. The improved threshold function is of simple expression and convenient for calculation. The actual test results of defect noise signal show that this improved method can get less mean square error （ MSE ） and higher signal-to-noise ratio of reconstructed signals than those calculated from hard threshold and soft threshold methods. The improved threshold function has excellent de-noising effect.

A real-time 5/3 lifting wavelet HD-video de-noising system based on FPGA

In accordance with the application requirements of high definition(HD) video surveillance systems,a real-time 5/3 lifting wavelet HD-video de-noising system is proposed with frame rate conversion(FRC) based on a field-programmable gate array(FPGA),which uses a 3-level pipeline paralleled 5/3 lifting wavelet transformation and reconstruction structure,as well as a fast BayesS hrink adaptive threshold filtering module.The proposed system demonstrates de-noising performance,while also balancing system resources and achieving real-time processing.The experiments show that the proposed system's maximum operating frequency(through logic synthesis and layout using Quartus 13.1 software) can reach 178 MHz,based on the Altera Company's Stratix III EP3SE80 series FPGA.The proposed system can also satisfy real-time de-noising requirements of 1920 × 1080 at60 fps HD-video sources,while also significantly improving the peak signal to noise rate of the denoising images.Compared with similar systems,the system has the advantages of high operating frequency,and the ability to support multiple source formats for real-time processing.

Implementation of GPR Signals De-Noising Based on DSP

An important issue of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） signals analysis is de-noising thai is the guarantee of acquiring good detecting effect. The paper illustrates a successful application of digital single processor （DSP） based on wavelet shrinkage algorithm. In order to realize real-time GPP, signals analysis, some key issues are discussed such as the realization of fast wavelet transformation, the selection of CPU chip and the optimization of data movement. Experimenial results show that the DSP based application not only basically meets the real-time requirement of GPP, signals analysis, but also assures the quality of the GPR signals analysis.

WiCare:一种非接触式的老人如厕跌倒监测模型

老人在卫生间内的跌倒行为存在因救助及时性差而导致严重危害的风险,因此高效快捷的如厕跌倒监测研究具有重要意义。针对当前基于Wi-Fi感知的跌倒监测方法中存在的受噪声影响大而特征提取不充分、监测精度有限的问题,提出了一种基于多级离散小波变换和软阈值处理的信号降噪算法,及一种融合卷积神经网络、双向长短期记忆网络及自注意力机制的非接触式如厕跌倒监测模型WiCare。首先,从原始CSI数据中提取振幅作为基础数据;其次,使用多级离散小波变换和软阈值处理进行感知数据降噪;然后,将感知数据进行多维重构,以更准确地表征跌倒行为特征;最后,利用WiCare提取感知数据中的有效特征,进而实现卫生间如厕跌倒行为监测功能。实验结果表明,WiCare在居家卫生间环境下对跌倒行为监测的准确率为99.41%,与其他同类模型相比,WiCare的识别准确率高,模型复杂度低,且泛化能力更强。

胎—路接触应力传感器的信号去噪方法研究

为了解决应变传感器在测量胎—路接触应力信号时的噪声干扰问题,提出一种基于自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)和小波软阈值的胎—路接触应力传感器的信号去噪方法。首先,将胎—路接触应力信号CEEMDAN分解为一系列从高频到低频排列的本征模态函数(IMF)分量;再根据能量值法判定出噪声主导IMF分量和信号主导IMF分量,并对噪声主导IMF分量进行小波软阈值去噪;最后,将去噪后的IMF分量和信号主导IMF分量进行重构,得到去噪后的胎—路接触应力信号。将所提方法分别与CEEMDAN去噪方法、小波软阈值去噪方法进行比较,结果表明:所提方法去噪后信号的信噪比(SNR)分别提高了33%和343%,均方根误差(RMSE)分别降低了64%和252%,说明所提方法的去噪效果更佳。

基于小波去噪和反卷积的光声成像优化算法

光声成像因兼具光学成像高对比度和超声成像高分辨率的优点而成为一种被广泛关注的无损成像技术。针对时间反转光声成像过程中存在的噪声污染和脉冲响应影响问题,通过建立光声压数据采集模型,将光声压数据的小波软阈值去噪和反卷积计算相结合来去除光声压数据中的噪声和脉冲响应影响。反卷积计算时设定可调节参数,使计算结果随着光声压的傅里叶系数大小不同而调整,从而进一步提升重建光声图像的质量。仿真实验结果表明,改进的时间反转光声成像算法,能有效减少重建光声图像中的噪声和伪影,明显提高重建光声图像的可视效果。

基于优化分解与误差修正的光伏发电功率预测

针对光伏发电功率预测精度不高的问题,提出一种基于优化分解降噪联合误差修正模型。该模型分为3个阶段,第一阶段,首先用基于全局搜索的鲸鱼优化算法(GSWOA)选取变分模态分解(VMD)的参数,之后运用优化后的VMD对原始数据进行分解;然后利用互相关分析重构高频分量,最后对高频分量进行小波软阈值降噪(WTSD);第二阶段,运用门控循环单元(GRU)对每个分量进行预测,将所有分量预测结果叠加起来得到初步预测结果;第三阶段,对初始预测结果进行误差修正(EC)。为验证模型的有效性,利用宁夏太阳山光伏电站2021年1、4、7、10月份的光伏实测数据进行实验,实验结果表明,相比于LSTM、GRU、VMD-LSTM,该混合模型表现出更好的性能。

De-Noising Stochastic Noise in FOG Based on Second-Generation DB4 Wavelet and SURE-Threshold

An effective de-noising method for fiber optic gyroscopes （FOGs） is proposed. This method is based on second-generation Daubechies D4 （DB4） wavelet transform （WT） and level-dependent threshold estimator called Stein＇s unbiased risk estimator （SURE）. The whole approach consists of three critical parts： wavelet decomposition module, parameters estimation module and SURE de-noising module. First, DB4 wavelet is selected as lifting base of the second-generation wavelet in the decomposition module. Second, in the parameters estimation module, maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） is used for stochastic noise parameters estimation. Third, combined with soft threshold de-noising technique, the SURE de-noising module is designed. For comparison, both the traditional universal threshold wavelet and the second-generation Harr wavelet method are also investigated. The experiment results show that the computation cost is 40% less than that of the traditional wavelet method. The standard deviation of de-noised FOG signal is 0.012 and the three noise terms such as angle random walk, bias instability and quantization noise are reduced to 0.007 2°/√h, 0.004 1° / h, and 0.008 1°, respectively.

一种NLF-对数小波阈值的脉冲干扰降噪方法

在脉冲噪声背景下,传统信号降噪方法性能退化,无法去除强脉冲噪声,而且会出现计算复杂度增加的问题.本文提出一种基于非线性滤波(Nonlinear Filtering, NLF)和小波阈值去噪的联合算法,该方法利用非线性滤波算法抑制强脉冲噪声点干扰,通过改进的对数小波阈值函数去噪方法进行全局处理,快速而且高质量的完成对信号降噪.实验结果表明,本文所提算法对脉冲噪声背景下的多种信号类型都具有可行性,能够获得更高的峰值信噪比,具有很好的降噪效果.

基于经验模态分解和改进小波软阈值降噪法的电站信号降噪研究

在对电站各类信号进行故障诊断时,由于其所处的复杂工作环境,采集设备得到的信号中经常包含背景中强噪声干扰,导致在后续信号关键特征的识别和处理时会出现较大困难。为降低噪声的影响,本文将经验模态分解与改进小波软阈值降噪法相结合进行电站信号的处理并进行了方法有效性验证。该方法的主要流程如下:首先,将信号进行经验模态分解,分离出若干个本征模态分量和残差。其次,对其与原始信号进行互相关分析,识别有用信号主导的分量和噪声主导的分量,并将噪声信号主导的分量进行改进小波软阈值降噪法处理后,将其与有用信号分量和残差进行重构。最后,将经验模态分解和改进小波软阈值降噪法降噪处理后的信号与传统只采用小波阈值降噪法处理后的信号进行评价,结果表明本文方法的信噪比更高、均方根误差更小、相关系数更高、平滑度更好,可有效消除背景噪声的影响。

矿用永磁直驱电机异响声信号降噪方法研究

针对矿用永磁直驱电机异响声信号噪声干扰大,有用信号被噪声淹没难以提取的问题,提出一种融合改进VMD与小波软阈值的降噪方法。首先,利用粒子群算法优化变分模态分解算法得到分解层数k和惩罚因子α的最优参数组合,基于最优参数组合分解获得矿用永磁直驱电机异响声信号k个本征模态分量(IMF)。其次,利用加权裕度指标筛选出有效信号分量和需进一步分解的含噪分量,基于小波软阈值对含噪分量进一步降噪。最后,将有效信号分量与小波软阈值降噪后的分量重构得到最终降噪信号。应用此方法分别对仿真信号和矿用永磁直驱电机异响声信号降噪,并与其他方法对比。试验结果表明,该方法能将仿真信号信噪比提升至27.5247 dB,均方根误差降低至0.0855,实测信号信噪比提升至34.7153 dB,均方根误差降低至0.0067,降噪效果较好,为后续的故障特征提取与故障诊断工作提供数据基础。

基于小波变换的语音增强算法研究

基于小波变换在语音增强研究中的应用,提出了一种新的阈值选择算法,以达到更好的降噪效果,从而实现语音增强。在Matlab软件中编写语音信号处理程序,并在程序中添加录制的其它语音信号,对信号进行加高斯噪声的处理,然后将提出的算法代入语音信号处理程序中去噪,观察最后重构出的信号波形图,并与语音信号时域波形、软阈值降噪、硬阈值降噪后的波形进行对比,根据是否改善了信号去噪效果,判断新算法是否实现语音增强。

基于经验模态分解和小波降噪的漏水信号滤波方法

在研究供水管道监测漏水信号的降噪问题时,提出一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)与小波阈值降噪相结合的降噪方法。该方法首先将采集到的信号进行EMD分解,得到有限个本征模函数(IMF),通过计算各IMF分量的能量值,找到含噪较多的高频信号分量与含噪较少的低频信号分量之间的界限,对含噪声较多的高频IMF分量进行小波软阈值降噪处理,再将降噪后的高频IMF分量与剩余的低频IMF分量进行重构,实现对漏水信号的降噪。经计算验证比较,处理铁管上采集的信号时,仅用EMD法降噪后输出信噪比为14.49 dB,仅用小波软阈值法降噪后输出信噪比为16.11 dB,而提出的EMD与小波软阈值结合方法输出信噪比为19.53 dB;处理PVC管采集的信号时,仅用EMD法降噪输出信噪比为3.19 dB,仅用小波软阈值降噪法输出信噪比为4.18 dB,用改进方法得到信噪比为6.19 dB,表明用改进方法监测管道漏水具有更好的降噪效果。

面向水下焊接电信号的粒子群优化小波软阈值去噪法研究

为降低噪声干扰以及提高检测精度,提出一种针对水下焊接电信号的基于粒子群优化的小波软阈值去噪方法。通过对信号进行小波分解,以信噪比作为评价指标,不断迭代进行全局搜索最优阈值从而完成信号去噪,并分别进行仿真及实测水下焊接电信号的去噪实验。结果表明,提出的算法具有信号信噪比更高、均方根误差更小、能有效保留信号的细节信息等优点,有利于水下焊接电信号特征的提取,从而为水下焊接质量在线监测提供基础。

Research and Application of New Threshold De-noising Algorithm for Monitoring Data Analysis in Nuclear Power Plant

Under the complex condition of nuclear power plant, all kinds of influence factors may cause distortion of on-line monitoring data. It is essential that on-line monitoring data should be de-noised in order to ensure the accuracy of diagnosis. Based on the research of wavelet analysis and threshold de-noising, a new threshold denoising method based on Mallat transform is proposed. This method adopts factor weighing method for threshold quantization. Through the specific case of nuclear power plant, it is verified that the algorithm is of validity and superiority.

基于小波软阈值滤波的含噪故障诊断方法

针对机械故障诊断中的噪声干扰问题,本文提出了一种基于小波软阈值滤波的残差网络用于故障诊断。首先,利用深度残差网络提取特征;其次,利用小波变换提取不同尺度的时频特征;最后,利用自适应阈值作用于时频特征来去除噪声干扰。实验表明,本文提出的方法能够在添加不同信噪比噪声的CWRU数据集上取得理想的抗噪性能力。

Neurochip based on light-addressable potentiometric sensor with wavelet transform de-noising

Neurochip based on light-addressable potentiometric sensor(LAPS),whose sensing elements are excitable cells,can monitor electrophysiological properties of cultured neuron networks with cellular signals well analyzed.Here we report a kind of neurochip with rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells hybrid with LAPS and a method of de-noising signals based on wavelet transform.Cells were cultured on LAPS for several days to form networks,and we then used LAPS system to detect the extracellular potentials with signals de-noised according to decomposition in the time-frequency space.The signal was decomposed into various scales,and coefficients were processed based on the properties of each layer.At last,signal was reconstructed based on the new coefficients.The results show that after de-noising,baseline drift is removed and signal-to-noise ratio is increased.It suggests that the neurochip of PC12 cells coupled to LAPS is stable and suitable for long-term and non-invasive measurement of cell electrophysiological properties with wavelet transform,taking advantage of its time-frequency localization analysis to reduce noise.

基于信号相关性和小波方法的电能质量去噪算法

提出了一种基于小波原理的电能质量信号去噪算法。基于软阈值原理的小波去噪算法在电能质量信号检测中得到很好的应用。但其存在阈值计算受噪声强度的缺点 ,当信号被强噪声“淹没”时 ,该方法仍然会失效。本文在对电力信号进行小波空间中的自相关性关系分析的基础上 ,结合软阈值算法和小波原理 ,构造了能有效地处理各种电能质量信号的去噪算法 ,该算法能弥补传统软阈值算法的缺陷 ,较好地解决了保护信号局部特征与抑制噪声之间的矛盾。计算结果表明上述检测算法是有效的。

基于小波阈值去噪算法的研究

在D.L.Dohono和I.M.Johnstone提出的多分辨分析小波阈值去噪方法的基础上,提出了一种新的阈值函数。与传统的硬阈值和软阈值比,该函数不仅易于计算,而且具有优越的数学特性和清晰的物理意义。实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地去除白噪声干扰,无论在视觉效果上还是在信噪比和均方误差定量指标上均明显优于常用的软、硬阈值及改进的软硬阈值折中算法,充分体现出小波阈值去噪方法的优越性。