目的:脉络膜黑色素瘤(melanoma of choroid,CM)是成人常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤,特点为恶性程度高、易侵袭转移、预后极差,严重影响患者视力,甚至威胁患者生命。目前诊断CM主要依赖影像学检查,在眼球摘除手术后加做病理诊断,缺乏明确的...目的:脉络膜黑色素瘤(melanoma of choroid,CM)是成人常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤,特点为恶性程度高、易侵袭转移、预后极差,严重影响患者视力,甚至威胁患者生命。目前诊断CM主要依赖影像学检查,在眼球摘除手术后加做病理诊断,缺乏明确的术前病理诊断。本研究旨在探索液基细胞学涂片和细胞蜡块技术在CM术前诊断中的应用。方法:收集南京医科大学第一附属医院2023年3至6月收治的2例临床诊断为CM患者的脉络膜下液。采用液基细胞学涂片方法进行初步诊断,改良的细胞蜡块制作技术、苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin,HE)染色、脱黑色素和免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)染色进行进一步的病理诊断。结果:2例患者经过影像学检查均诊断为CM,通过液基细胞学涂片做出初步的细胞学病理诊断,1例诊断为“黑色素瘤”,另1例诊断为“见异型细胞,黑色素瘤不除外”。通过改良的细胞蜡块制作技术,HE、脱黑色素和IHC染色,病理诊断结果显示临床诊断相同的2例患者,1例明确诊断为CM,而另1例诊断为低分化神经内分泌癌,修正了原先的诊断。结论:本改良技术能够在手术前精准诊断CM,为临床眼科医生制定治疗方案提供重要依据,操作简便,值得推广。其有3个优点:1)能制作出10~20张连续切片,满足IHC染色的要求;2)在用本技术处理的切片中,可见各种异型细胞,且细胞核结构清晰;3)简单易行,成本不高,适用于各级医院,特别是中小医院。本文有2个原创点:1)将液基细胞学涂片、细胞蜡块切片及IHC染色用于诊断CM;2)对传统的细胞蜡块制作技术进行改良,使其适用于诊断CM。展开更多
The structure of micelles formed by two poly(oxyethylene)/poly(oxybutylene) block copolymers, E 76B 38 and E 155B 76, in n-hexane at 50 ℃ was studied by synchrotron Small Angle X-ray Scattering(SAXS) and Wide Angle X...The structure of micelles formed by two poly(oxyethylene)/poly(oxybutylene) block copolymers, E 76B 38 and E 155B 76, in n-hexane at 50 ℃ was studied by synchrotron Small Angle X-ray Scattering(SAXS) and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering(WAXS). Spherical micelle with a crystalline core was observed for E 155B 76. E 76B 38 also formed spherical micelles, but the core was amorphous. The radius of the core(R), the length of the amorphous chain in the shell(L) and the number of association(N) were obtained by fitting the SAXS data with the model of a spherical core attached with Gaussian chains. The result showed that the E block exhibited multiple folds. The B block tended to be more coiled and the area occupied by per chain was larger in the micelles of E 155B 76, which are favorable to the formation of spherical micelles.展开更多
目的研究RAS相关领域家族基因1A(Ras-associated domain family genes 1A,RASSF1A)、p16及Ki67在宫颈病变中的表达情况,结合组织学诊断结果,探讨RASSF1A、p16及Ki67的表达水平与宫颈病变发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化法检测RASSF1A、p16...目的研究RAS相关领域家族基因1A(Ras-associated domain family genes 1A,RASSF1A)、p16及Ki67在宫颈病变中的表达情况,结合组织学诊断结果,探讨RASSF1A、p16及Ki67的表达水平与宫颈病变发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化法检测RASSF1A、p16及Ki67在139例宫颈液基细胞蜡块中的表达,包括20例未见上皮内病变或恶性细胞(NILM)、49例非典型鳞状细胞-不能明确意义(ASCUS)、32例低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)、12例非典型鳞状细胞-不除外高度鳞状上皮内病变(ASC-H)和26例高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)。结果与NILM组及ASCUS/LSIL组比较,ASCH/HSIL组p16、Ki67的表达显著增高,RASSF1A的表达显著降低。宫颈病变级别与p16、Ki67的阳性率呈正相关。结论p16、Ki67的高表达及RASSF1A的低表达可用于HSIL及以上病变的诊断及鉴别诊断,RASSF1A的表达缺失可能成为宫颈癌变的辅助监测指标。展开更多
文摘目的:脉络膜黑色素瘤(melanoma of choroid,CM)是成人常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤,特点为恶性程度高、易侵袭转移、预后极差,严重影响患者视力,甚至威胁患者生命。目前诊断CM主要依赖影像学检查,在眼球摘除手术后加做病理诊断,缺乏明确的术前病理诊断。本研究旨在探索液基细胞学涂片和细胞蜡块技术在CM术前诊断中的应用。方法:收集南京医科大学第一附属医院2023年3至6月收治的2例临床诊断为CM患者的脉络膜下液。采用液基细胞学涂片方法进行初步诊断,改良的细胞蜡块制作技术、苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin and eosin,HE)染色、脱黑色素和免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)染色进行进一步的病理诊断。结果:2例患者经过影像学检查均诊断为CM,通过液基细胞学涂片做出初步的细胞学病理诊断,1例诊断为“黑色素瘤”,另1例诊断为“见异型细胞,黑色素瘤不除外”。通过改良的细胞蜡块制作技术,HE、脱黑色素和IHC染色,病理诊断结果显示临床诊断相同的2例患者,1例明确诊断为CM,而另1例诊断为低分化神经内分泌癌,修正了原先的诊断。结论:本改良技术能够在手术前精准诊断CM,为临床眼科医生制定治疗方案提供重要依据,操作简便,值得推广。其有3个优点:1)能制作出10~20张连续切片,满足IHC染色的要求;2)在用本技术处理的切片中,可见各种异型细胞,且细胞核结构清晰;3)简单易行,成本不高,适用于各级医院,特别是中小医院。本文有2个原创点:1)将液基细胞学涂片、细胞蜡块切片及IHC染色用于诊断CM;2)对传统的细胞蜡块制作技术进行改良,使其适用于诊断CM。
文摘The structure of micelles formed by two poly(oxyethylene)/poly(oxybutylene) block copolymers, E 76B 38 and E 155B 76, in n-hexane at 50 ℃ was studied by synchrotron Small Angle X-ray Scattering(SAXS) and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering(WAXS). Spherical micelle with a crystalline core was observed for E 155B 76. E 76B 38 also formed spherical micelles, but the core was amorphous. The radius of the core(R), the length of the amorphous chain in the shell(L) and the number of association(N) were obtained by fitting the SAXS data with the model of a spherical core attached with Gaussian chains. The result showed that the E block exhibited multiple folds. The B block tended to be more coiled and the area occupied by per chain was larger in the micelles of E 155B 76, which are favorable to the formation of spherical micelles.
文摘目的研究RAS相关领域家族基因1A(Ras-associated domain family genes 1A,RASSF1A)、p16及Ki67在宫颈病变中的表达情况,结合组织学诊断结果,探讨RASSF1A、p16及Ki67的表达水平与宫颈病变发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化法检测RASSF1A、p16及Ki67在139例宫颈液基细胞蜡块中的表达,包括20例未见上皮内病变或恶性细胞(NILM)、49例非典型鳞状细胞-不能明确意义(ASCUS)、32例低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)、12例非典型鳞状细胞-不除外高度鳞状上皮内病变(ASC-H)和26例高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)。结果与NILM组及ASCUS/LSIL组比较,ASCH/HSIL组p16、Ki67的表达显著增高,RASSF1A的表达显著降低。宫颈病变级别与p16、Ki67的阳性率呈正相关。结论p16、Ki67的高表达及RASSF1A的低表达可用于HSIL及以上病变的诊断及鉴别诊断,RASSF1A的表达缺失可能成为宫颈癌变的辅助监测指标。