The Project “Study on Technology for Manufacture of High-Spheroidicity FCC Catalysts” Passed SINOPEC's Appraisal

On January 7, 2015 the project ＂Study on the technology formanufacture of high-spheroidicity FCC catalysts ＂undertakenby the SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing（RIPP） has passed the technical appraisal organized by theScience and Technology Division of the Sinopec Corp.

Numerical and experimental analysis of quenching process for cam manufacturing

In order to obtain satisfactory mechanical properties for the cam used in high-power ship diesel engines, a new quenching technology was proposed by designing a two-stage quenching process with an alkaline bath as the quenching medium. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new quenching technology, both numerical analysis and experimental study were performed. The new quenching technology was analyzed using finite element method. The combined effects of the temperature, stress and microstructure fields were investigated considering nonlinear material properties. Finally, an experimental study was performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed new quenching technology. The numerical results show that internal stress is affected by both thermal stress and transformation stress. In addition, the direction of the internal stress is changed several times due to thermal interaction and microstructure evolution during the quenching process. The experimental results show that the proposed new quenching technology significantly improves the mechanical properties and microstructures of the cam. The tensile strength, the impact resistance and the hardness value of the cam by the proposed new quenching technology are improved by 4.3%, 8.9% and 3.5% compared with those by the traditional quenching technology. Moreover, the residual stress and cam shape deformation are reduced by 40.0% and 48.9% respectively for the cam manufactured by the new quenching technology.

A Comparative Study of the Economic Feasibility of Employing CHP Systems in Different Industrial Manufacturing Applications

Extensive research work including multiple methodologies and numerous simulations have been completed in order to determine the economic effectiveness of employing CHP at commercial and residential sites. In contrast to the above, very few attempts have been made to develop methodologies to study the feasibility of CHP systems at industrial manufacturing facilities. As a result, practical opportunities for CHP at industrial sites are often not realized or even investigated. It follows that there is a need in the CHP related literature for an analysis that is explicit and yet general enough to determine the economic viability and potential for success of CHP systems at industrial manufacturing facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to clearly outline a methodology to determine the economic effectiveness of installation and operation of a CHP system at industrial facilities that have a need for space or process heating in the form of steam. The effect on the CHP system economic performance of several parameters, such as the project payback, internal rate of return, net present value, etc., are considered in the proposed methodology. The applicability and generality of the methodology is illustrated by examples including four different manufacturing facilities. The effects of the variability of factors such as annual facility operational hours during which both process heat and electricity are needed, facility average hourly thermal load, cost of utility supplied electricity, and CHP fuel type and associated fuel cost, on the outcome of the economic analysis are also examined.

The Impact of Internal Financing on Productivity-An Empirical Study on Chinese Listed Manufacturing Firms

Using a panel of 1,747 Chinese manufacturing firms over the period of 2001 to 2016, we examine how internalfinancing affects labour productivity. Value-added revenue over total employees and total factor productivity areused as proxy for labour productivity. Different regressions models including OLS, FGLS, and GMM have beenimplemented to conduct the empirical analysis. The results show that internal financing has positive effect on firms＇productivity as a whole. What is more, whether the firms have state-owned property or not differentiates theexplanation of cash-flow boosted productivity improvement as well as equity-boosted productivity improvement.This paper further took firms＇ location and the effect financial crisis into consideration. It discovered that thedegree of regional development, which is measured by nominal GDP, has significant positive impact on labourproductivity, especially for state-owned enterprises （SOEs）. The 2008 financial crisis is found to have a positiveinfluence on after-crisis labour productivity. We believe this paper shed light on firms＇ after-crisis financingmanagement and government policies to improve the financing structure in the manufacturing sector.

Preparation of Bovine Serum Albumin Microspheres by an Acetone-ethanol Heat Denaturation Method

Stable sub 500 nm bovine serum albumin (BSA) microsphere suspensions were produced by controlled addition of acetone and ethanol to an aqueous solution of BSA, followed by stabilization process of the formed microspheres at an elevated temperature. Microspheres produced by this acetone ethanol heat denaturation method were stabilized at relatively low temperatures (70～75℃) over a short period of time (20 min). The acetone ethanol heat denaturation method, in comparison with the traditional oil/ water technique for preparation of albumin microspheres, which requires high temperature (over 100℃) and longer heating time (more than 30 min) for stabilization, offers a number of advantages. This report describes the influence of process conditions, such as ratios of acetone to ethanol to BSA aqueous solution, heating time and heating temperature, on microsphere formation and their stability. A loading efficiency of 40% rose bengal was achieved. Rose bengal release rates from these microspheres in phosphate buffered saline medium at 37 ℃ were dependent on microsphere stabilities and 25% to 60% of initial loading drug were released in 15 days.

Toyota’s Slow Response to Manufacturing Defects Leading to Recalls: Result of Poor Communication Strategy

The recall of vehicles in the automobile industry is not limited to any particular company. Recalls most often have been attributed to defective parts supplied by tier one and tier two suppliers. Toyota, a world leader in the manufacture of automobiles, built on world class corporate brand and Principles known as the Toyota Way, and located in about 53 countries in the world, with most of its production taking place in the North America and Japan. Its Communication strategy leading to recalls has brought it into conflict with its customers and regulatory agencies. Toyota’s seeming departure from its core principles in the Toyota Way has also brought it into conflict with suppliers and affected its production. Answers will be sought for the following research questions: 1) Why with its Toyota Way, Communication became a challenge for Toyota? 2) What is the role of the Media, in Toyota’s issues of recall? A detailed literature survey was conducted for Toyota’s communication strategy. A dialectic inquiry was used to analyse the acquired data, from interviews conducted.

价值观一致性视角下制造商与经销商间知识转移机制的演进——基于A.O.史密斯公司的案例研究

制造商与经销商间的知识转移对提高经销商的服务能力和制造商的创新能力具有重要作用。本文基于价值观一致性和关系发展的理论视角,对A.O.史密斯公司与7家经销商知识转移的历程进行案例分析,通过分析价值观一致性对制造商与经销商间知识转移机制的影响作用,构建了制造商与经销商间知识转移机制演化的过程模型。研究发现制造商与经销商间知识转移机制包括三个阶段:制造商向经销商单向知识转移阶段、制造商与经销商双向知识转移阶段、经销商向经销商双向知识转移阶段。同时,价值观一致性在制造商与经销商知识转移机制的演进过程中起到筛选知识转移对象、提高知识转移意愿以及促进知识转移双方关系的作用。

基于HAZOP法的太阳能电池厂危险有害因素辨识与分析

介绍了危险与可操作性研究(HAZOP)方法的特点及分析过程,并运用HAZOP法对某太阳能电池厂的生产工艺进行了危险有害因素的辨识与分析。结果表明:配置NaOH溶液过程简易,需要改进;扩散炉和镀膜机的进气管道存在安全隐患,应作为日常检查的重点;为了避免NH3泄漏形成爆炸性气体,建议改用N2代替NH3与SiH4反应。该研究对太阳能电池厂生产工艺中存在的危险有害因素的辨识与分析,具有一定的指导意义。

基于工作过程系统化的《CAXA制造工程师》课程教学情境设计

课程是职业教育改革的核心。本文在分析了工作过程系统化课程内涵的基础上,以《CAXA制造工程师》课程为例,阐述本课程的基于工作过程系统化教学情境设计思路及实施过程。

工作研究在通用汽车GA车间的应用

本设计综合运用了项目管理学中的网络计划技术与生产线产能平衡的相关技术手段对东岳汽车GA车间内饰1线生产系统进行初步改造,并应用Witness系统仿真优化技术对改造后的生产系统进行模拟运行,通过对运行结果的统计分析,发现了影响生产线效率的瓶颈环节,设计的最后应用工作研究的基本方法对存在问题进行了分析与优化,并为重点控制的工位制作了标准化作业指导书,基于项目管理和仿真优化技术的工作研究极大丰富了基础工业工程研究的内涵,对推动现代工业工程在制造型企业的应用与发展具有重要意义。

基于CAXA的可乐瓶底模具数控加工方法的比较研究

以可乐瓶底模具的数控加工为例,借助CAXA制造工程师软件,对可乐瓶底模具的数控加工方法进行比较,寻求在不同情况下,采用合适的数控加工方法。

模块化如何赋能企业智能制造升级? 一个探索性案例研究

随着VUCA(易变性、不确定性、复杂性、模糊性)时代的到来和新一轮科技革命的快速演进,中国制造企业如何进一步提升智能制造效能,快速响应碎片化和个性化的用户需求,进而塑造企业独具一格的竞争优势,成为业界和学术界普遍关注的课题。以海尔集团为例,采用扎根理论进行探索性单案例研究,着重探讨模块化赋能智能制造升级的具体路径。研究结果显示:模块化可以解决用户需求与企业智能制造的映射问题,并从设计模块化、生产模块化、组织模块化3条路径赋能智能制造升级,驱动模块构建→模块运用→效应发酵的过渡;进一步地,形成模块化运用弹性化、效率化和平台化三方面抓手,推动案例企业智能制造的价值创造与模式转变,满足用户多元化需求。

家—企—国视野下中国当代产业工人身份认同的个案研究

产业工人是推动社会发展的重要力量,研究产业工人的身份认同能够推进产业工人队伍建设。通过对我国中部某省的制造企业工人进行个案研究发现,产业工人身份认同的变迁历程可划分为身份类化、身份挣扎、身份顺从和身份认同四个阶段。该个案研究表明,产业工人身份认同受到家—企—国的结构性因素影响:家庭背景是产业工人身份认同形成的基础之一,它通过记忆再现和传承引导、情感支持与价值观教育影响产业工人身份认同;国有企业改革过程中,企业配套机制薄弱影响产业工人职业发展空间,国有企业改革致使产业工人身份迷失,从而影响其身份认同;国家通过政策和法律为个体提供了身份认同的宏观背景,产业工人经历国有企业改制时期身份认同的“稳定与边缘”,以及国有企业改制后的身份认同的“无奈与重塑”。未来可从家庭、企业、国家三个层面协同构建适合产业工人队伍建设的同盟生态。

制造业企业智能化的转型路径:基于“技术-组织-环境”(TOE)理论的组态分析

制造业企业智能化转型是制造业发展的关键趋势,不同企业由于企业特点不同,需要合理选择转型路径。为深入探讨制造业企业智能化转型的动态过程,基于“技术-组织-环境”分析框架,构建包含制造能力、技术应用、技术创新、企业规模、人力资源、金融支持6个关键前因条件的理论框架,采用动态定性比较分析方法,利用Python分析2015—2021年中国制造业转型成功企业86家,探讨制造业企业智能化转型在时间纵轴上的组态效应,以为技术基础、内部资源、环境依赖度不同制造企业明确转型路径。研究发现:技术因素是提升制造业智能化水平的关键条件,5条组态的一致性水平在研究期内呈现上升趋势,并根据企业规模划分出大型企业和中小型企业两类有助于实现制造业企业智能化转型路径,二者均有利于发挥多个要素的协同作用;行业特点对智能化转型路径的选择具有明显的行业异质性,5条路径对食品、印刷、家具制造业的解释力度较低;5条路径的一致性在研究期间均呈现出上升趋势,且都在2020年前后存在小幅回落,这可能是因为受到新冠疫情的冲击。因此,制造业企业要通过引进工业机器人参与生产环节中自动化来完成智能化转型。

影响物流业与制造业深度融合创新发展实施绩效的理论框架——来自中国的多案例研究

近年来,物流业与制造业两业深度融合对物流企业与制造企业实施绩效产生了重要的现实影响。目前我国缺少聚焦两业深度融合创新发展实施绩效影响因素的系统研究。文章采用多案例研究方法,以国内的六家案例企业为研究对象,对两业深度融合创新发展实施绩效影响因素进行探究,基于单案例分析与多案例对比分析,构建相应的理论框架,为企业深化两业融合提供实践指导。研究表明:服务能力与创新能力是影响两业深度融合创新发展实施绩效的两大主要因素;客户需求对资产投入、流程优化、技术升级以及组织协同存在重要影响,在此过程中快速响应对客户需求的影响机制存在调节作用;资产投入、流程优化、技术升级、组织协同对服务能力、创新能力具有正向影响,合作主体异质性会对上述因素的影响产生调节作用;服务能力与创新能力是资产投入、流程优化、技术升级以及组织协同影响两业融合创新发展实施绩效的中介变量。创新性地结合两业深度融合创新发展的特点,构建影响两业深度融合创新发展实施绩效的理论框架,填补了既有研究的不足,为两业深度融合创新发展提供了全新视角,研究结论可以助推两业深度融合实践进程。

全域兴趣电商助力传统制造业企业转型升级的案例研究:三只小山羊

以“三只小山羊”作为研究对象,采用探索性单案例研究方法,探讨全域兴趣电商助力传统制造业企业转型升级问题。研究发现,“三只小山羊”通过全域兴趣电商增进消费者了解产品背后的品牌理念和品牌文化,激发起消费者的认可和信任,同时通过与全域兴趣电商合作促使企业加快包含产品设计研发、公司组织架构、生产管理、供应链反应等各个方面升级优化,“三只小山羊”利用全域兴趣电商平台最终实现品牌化发展。

全域兴趣电商助力传统制造业企业转型升级的案例研究:衬衫老罗

以衬衫老罗为研究对象,采用案例分析的研究方法,探讨全域兴趣电商助力传统制造业企业转型升级的重要机制。研究发现,全域兴趣电商作为一种消费互联网新业态,具有成本低、用户广、社交属性强等特点,衬衫老罗作为一家纺织服装行业的传统制造业企业,在全域兴趣电商平台的助力下,摆脱了传统的规模化、低利润发展模式,通过引入柔性制造生产线、数字化供应链和电商运营团队等方式,实现了向拥有自主衬衫品牌企业的转型升级。

WRITING ENGLISH THE ENGLISH WAY——A STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF CHINGLISH

The linguistic interference of one’s mother tonguealways poses an obstacle to his or her learning of for-eign languages and teachers should try their best to dis-cover means to overcome this.This paper analyzes theforms and causes of Chinglish,which is created byadult Chinese learners of English through their moth-er-tongue interference.After a contrastive study ofsome linguistic features between Chinese and English,the author lists ten common forms of Chinglish,il-lustrated with examples from his own teaching prac-tice,and points out their respective causes and somepossible measures to eradicate them.

被孵企业知识共享治理:以智能制造孵化器洪泰智造为例

促进被孵企业间的知识共享有利于孵化器形成良好的创业生态,但现有的创业孵化研究较少关注被孵企业间知识共享的治理机制。本文以知识共享活动密集的智能制造孵化服务平台洪泰智造为对象,研究了孵化器对被孵企业知识共享过程的治理:首先,针对创业孵化领域知识共享过程提出了索引匹配、外化与内化、应用共赢三阶段模型;其次,在三阶段模型的基础上提炼了知识共享治理机制,包括辅助匹配治理机制、行为优化治理机制和绩效分配公平化治理机制;最后,从显性知识与隐性知识的层面,结合知识的默会性、复杂性和经济性,剖析了孵化器知识治理如何通过针对性设计来系统地影响被孵企业知识共享意愿。论文成果为创业孵化领域提供了新的见解,加深了对知识共享治理的认识,对提升孵化器的知识共享治理水平具有参考价值。