Locating Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM)Base Stations Using Geographic Information System(GIS)

The global system for mobile communication(GSM)is planned to meet the needs of the whole subscribers.The number of subscribers increased as the population increased due to the acceptance of GSM services by the subscribers.Thus,there should be a way to monitor base stations that will meet the increasing demand of subscribers in any area as a population surge will lead to more subscriptions.This will allow GSM network operators to serve their subscribers better and ease network congestion.This work presents a review of mobile evolution from the first generation to the fifth generation.A review of global positioning system(GPS)technology and its applications to geographic information systems(GIS)was done.The coordinates of these base stations were taken using a GPS device.These base station coordinates were then exported to QGIS for the design of the map.Thereafter,the output map was then integrated into the website.The discussions on the results followed and some useful suggestions given will go a long way to help the operators of GSM in Nigeria and in general.If the propositions given are adhered to,it will go a long way to help the operators reduce congestion on their network and thereby increase the satisfaction of the subscribers.

Water Runoff Estimation Using Geographical Information System (GIS) for Alrakhmah Basin Valley Northeast of Iraq

The lack of water resources in many regions is the main challenge for the human being and to extended investigations. Water resources controlling and management is essential in the areas depending on the seasonal rainfall. This research aims to estimate the surface water runoff for Basin of Alrakhmah Valley located in the southwestern part of Kirkuk Province in northeastern of Iraq. Analyzing of Spatial data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data has been conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate the hydrological properties for the watershed valley with 158.5 km2 surface area. The results showed that watershed valley type is from the fifth rank with a longitudinal shape and topography percentage of 0.568. The watershed textures found to be 3.24 and the drain density 1.5 at 3.49 river branching. Finally, the annual estimated surface water retreat according to the morpho-hydro climatic elements found to be 0.01286233 milliard cubic meter.

Geographical Information System-Based Assessment of Ecological Security in Changbai Mountain Region

Ecological security defined as the creation of a condition where the physical surroundings of a community provide for the needs of its inhabitants without diminishing its natural stock,which is important for regional security and social stability.In recent years,land use patterns in the Changbai Mountain region have changed significantly with intensive human activities,and consequently led to increasing problems in regional ecological security.Based on the Pressure-State-Impact-Response(PSIR) model and the mathematical method of catastrophe progression supported by geographical information system(GIS),the ecological security situation of the study area under land use and cover change(LUCC) was evaluated.The results indicated that the ecological security in Changbai Mountain region varied nonlinearly,which got better from 1990 to 2000 but became worse from 2000 to 2007,the ecological security levels in Changbai Mountain region were mainly medium and medium to low during the past 17 years,with higher values of Ecological Security Index(ESI) in the central region and lower values in the east and west,the ecological security situation was more serious in the settlements and river valleys,where the LUCC was most remarkable.

The Development of a Geographic Information System(GIS) Database for Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve and Its Application

The objective of this paper is to develop a GIS(Geographic Information System) database for Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve(Jiuzhaigou,hereafter) in China and demonstrate its application as a research tool.A cost-effective procedure was developed to compile a variety of geographical and biological data of the study area in terms of popular GIS format such as shape files.These files were further calibrated and validated using field surveys data.The developed GIS database was used to quantify the distributions of the wildlife(amphibians,mammals,and birds) using the distances of the wildlife to the centerline of the bus-tour routes.The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to quantify the correlation in space between pairs of different wildlife using the number of habitats for given space contexts.An ArcObject-based macro was developed to perform the analysis.The results showed the majority of the habitats of wildlife are located in the proximity of the tour-bus routes with an average distance ranging from 564 to 894 m depending on types of wildlife.This indicates a possibility of the disturbance to the wildlife by human activities.The correlation coefficient of the wildlife ranged from 0.36 to 0.64 depending on pairs of wildlife,indicating some correlations in space.However,due to the limited sample size,the statistical significances need to be further investigated.This paper has successfully demonstrated the use of the GIS-based database as a research tool for environmental study.

Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Targeted National Recruitment of Community-Dwelling Caregivers Managing Dementia-Related Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms: A Recruitment Approach for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Over 16 million caregivers of people living with dementia require support in a range of issues, including self-care, disease education, and guidance for how to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Non-pharmacological interventions are needed to address these areas, and online applications have been shown to be safe and effective. To ensure the efficacy of such interventions, racially, ethnically, geographically, and socioeconomically diverse participants must be recruited to increase the generalizability of study outcomes. This protocol paper describes a recruitment plan using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to reach a representative sample of caregivers across the United States for a national Phase III clinical study. Using publicly available census data from the American Community Survey (ACS), combined with location data for local aging resources such as Area Agencies on Aging (AAA), recruitment will be derived from data analysis conducted in ESRI ArcGIS v10.7.1. Datasets including age, gender, income, and education will be assessed nationally at the county and census tract spatial scale in a nine-step process to develop recruitment priority areas containing high concentrations of eligible participants living in the community. Overall, the current protocol will demonstrate the value of GIS in tailoring targeted outreach strategies to recruit community-dwelling populations through local resource institutions. This novel approach may have far-reaching implications in future recruitment initiatives and help to secure racially/ethnically diverse samples.

Development of Large-Scale Land Information System (LIS) by Using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Field Surveying

Cadastral maps are an important component of land administration in most countries. In virtually all developed countries, the needs of computerized land and geographic information systems (LIS/GIS) has given urgent impetus to computerizing cadastral maps and creating digital cadastral data bases (DCDB). This process is creating many institutional, legal, technical and administrative problems. This desire to establish DCDBs is being given increased impetus due to a new range of enabling technologies such as satellite position fixing (GPS), improved spatial data collection techniques such as digital theodolites and “soft copy” photogrammetry, as well as a vast range of new information and communications technological tools, thus contributing to the advancement and keeping up with the great countries. This paper presents the problem of cadastral maps. The hitherto existing cadastre, consisting of paper maps and land registers, is now becoming insufficient. Its shortcomings force developments leading to its improvement. One of the ways is the creation of a Land Information System. A digital cadastral map is the main component of this system. The structure and information content of the map is presented, its differences from analogue maps are shown, and the process of map creation is described. A digital cadastral map can be the basis for additional thematic layers, successively converting it into a complex system for management of administrative units.

Bioenergy Crops as a Promising Alternative to Fossil Fuels in Louisiana: A Geographic Information System (GIS) Perspective

Rising greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change, and the world’s focus has shifted to the need to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. There has been a rise in the published literature on the utilization of crops for bioenergy production in Louisiana. However, very few scholarly documents have used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map the distribution of potential bioenergy crops in Louisiana. This study seeks to fill the void by evaluating the potential of bioenergy crops in Louisiana for energy production using GIS. Given this objective, the agricultural census data for 1999, 2009, 2019, and 2020 obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture were used in the analysis. The quantities of various crops produced in the state were loaded into an attribute table and joined to a shapefile using ArcGIS software. The symbology tool’s graduated option was used to create five maps representing each of the bioenergy crops in Louisiana. The findings of the GIS analysis show that some of the parishes, such as Franklin produced the most bushels of corn (13,795,416), Iberia produced the most tons of sugarcane (1,697,980), East Carroll produced the most bushels of soybean (8,237,991), Tensas harvested the most bales of cotton (80,898) and Avoyelles produced the most bushels of sorghum (630,694). The abundance and availability of crops as raw materials for energy production will translate into lower prices in terms of energy use, making bioenergy crops a promising alternative to fossil fuels. In addition, gasoline price data from 1993-2022 was obtained from U.S. Energy Information Administration. A regression model for the average annual gasoline price over the years was constructed. The results show that the average annual gasoline price variation with respect to years is statistically significant (p 0.05). This suggests that gasoline prices will generally rise despite a price drop over the years. The paper concludes by outlining policy recommendations in the form of assessing the availability and viability of other crop types, such as wheat, oats, and rice, for energy production in the state.

基于GIS的灌区土壤投入品残留污染监测预警系统

为了解决工业发展导致的灌区土壤投入品残留污染问题,给出一种基于地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的土壤污染监测预警系统。该系统结合VOC-PF1型传感器、STM32主控芯片和GSM通信模块,实现了高效的数据采集和通信功能。通过反距离加权(inverse distance weighted,IDW)插值法进行空间分析,并设立预警阈值,实现对灌区土壤投入品残留污染的实时监测和预警。实验结果表明:该系统的监测精度高达98%,监测时长最高为49 s,具有很高的实用性和效率。研究结果不仅为灌区土壤投入品残留污染监测提供了有效手段,也为环境保护和农业可持续发展提供有力支持。

基于GIS的历史文化街区应急疏散能力可视化评估研究

为评估历史文化街区在旅游高峰期的应急疏散能力,探究街区的应急疏散风险区域。研究从点-线-面的角度出发,考虑行人特征因素、街巷路网因素和建筑结构因素,构建应急疏散能力评价模型。采用ANP-EWM综合评估方法确定各因素权重值,应用GIS技术进行因素可视化分级处理。在此基础上,采用空间分析方法,对单因素分级分析赋权重后进行加权叠加处理,得到历史文化街区应急疏散能力的可视化数据。以西安回民街为例进行实证分析,探究街区应急疏散能力风险区域。研究结果表明:所构建模型可以实现对研究区界的应急疏散能力可视化分级评估,反映回民街不同等级疏散风险情况。研究结果可为景区应急疏散与制定安全管理措施提供参考。

GIS技术在洪水灾害中的应用研究综述

地理信息系统(GIS)是一种专用于处理地理和空间信息的计算机系统。当前,随着计算机技术的逐渐成熟,GIS技术的空间分析等特点对于水资源的规划与管理有着重要的研究意义,其中在洪水灾害中的应用是近年来研究发展的一个重点。通过GIS技术建立洪水模拟模型,进行预测预警,以此为防洪抗涝提出更加科学的决策建议,降低频发的洪涝灾害事件所带来的损失。该文针对其在洪水灾害中的预测、风险图绘制、模型建立及避险路线进行评述,提出当前存在的问题,并对今后GIS在洪水灾害中的应用进行展望。

基于GIS格网模型的广州市土地生态安全格局演化

以公里格网为评价单元,构建基于PSR-NES(压力-状态-响应和经济-环境-社会)模型的土地生态安全测度指标体系,运用突变级数法动态识别2010—2020年广州市土地生态安全格局。结果表明:广州土地生态安全水平空间异质性较为明显,整体呈现“中间低,四周高”的分布格局;2010—2020年,广州市土地生态安全水平先下降后提高,其中,北部生态涵养区土地生态安全水平呈下降趋势,南部生态调节区土地生态安全状况逐渐好转,中部建成区土地生态安全状况不容乐观。未来城镇扩张应尽量避免侵占土地生态安全水平较高的区域,可通过分区治理,科学布局生产、生活、生态空间,优化产业结构,加强生态用地保护力度等措施持续改善土地生态安全状况。

Quantifying River Bank Erosion and Accretion Patterns along the Gorai River in Kushtia, Bangladesh: A Geospatial Analysis Utilizing GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

River bank erosion is a natural process that occurs when the water flow of a river exceeds the bank’s ability to withstand it. It is a common phenomenon that causes extensive land damage, displacement of people, loss of crops, and infrastructure damage. The Gorai River, situated on the right bank of the Ganges, is a significant branch of the river that flows into the Bay of Bengal via the Mathumati and Baleswar rivers. The erosion of the banks of the Gorai River in Kushtia district is not a recent occurrence. Local residents have been dealing with this issue for the past hundred years, and according to the elderly members of the community, the erosion has become more severe activities. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to quantify river bank erosion and accretion and bankline shifting from 2003 to 2022 using multi-temporal Landsat images data with GIS and remote sensing technique. Bank-line migration occurs as a result of the interplay and interconnectedness of various factors such as the degree of river-related processes such as erosion, transportation, and deposition, the amount of water in the river during the high season, the geological and soil makeup, and human intervention in the river. The results show that the highest eroded area was 4.6 square kilometers during the period of 2016 to 2019, while the highest accreted area was 7.12 square kilometers during the period of 2013 to 2016. However, the erosion and accretion values fluctuated from year to year.

沙特NEOM隧道项目BIM与GIS关键技术研究

利用数字仿真模拟方法,在保障施工安全的基础上优化爆破方案。提出了大断面隧道大孔距设计的理论方法,有效控制隧道断面和保留岩体的损伤,并降低成本。通过模拟二维、三维路线的联动,可以对比剖切地质体,按里程桩号实时查询地质体产状及地质风险信息,根据围岩等级对施工方案进行分析,辅助施工决策。通过将项目的BIM模型接入GIS数据平台,可以将地质超前预报的信息与项目进度进行动态关联。采用BIM4D进度管理手段,采用BIM技术和数字化手段管理项目的计划和进度,帮助项目在高质量的基础上合理压缩工期,达到降本增效的目的。

GIS技术在空气污染物数值预报中的应用研究

为实现空气污染物数值预报精度的提升,研究GIS技术在空气污染物数值预报中的应用。选择十六个预报点,通过3S技术采集预报点的地理信息数据、遥感数据与栅格数据、矢量数据。选取12个常规地面观测的相关气象要素作为空气污染物预报试验中的预报因子,利用逐步回归的方式构建该地区的空气污染物预报回归模型。预报该地区各预报点的空气污染物浓度,计算实测值与预报结果之间的平均相对误差与平均绝对误差。实验结果表明,模型对于PM_(10)、NO_(2)、SO_(2)的小时预报整体比较准确,小时预报平均相对误差与平均绝对误差均较低。

基于GIS的广西食品抽样系统设计与实现

目的:设计基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)的广西食品抽样系统建设方案,清洗抽样数据建立大数据仓库,开发建设基于GIS的广西食品抽样系统。方法:通过运用GIS技术,建立大数据基础库,梳理从抽样计划制订,到实地抽样,再到抽样结果检测,提供区域安全风险等级图、区域抽样进度图、区域抽样覆盖完成实况;通过与实验室信息管理系统(Laboratory Information Management System,LIMS)的数据共享,实现抽样记录自动更新,数据自动完成清洗;通过Web Service接口技术实现抽、检数据互联互通,信息实时共享,消除信息孤岛。结果:优化了目前的国家食品安全抽样检验信息系统,生成区域安全风险等级图、区域抽样进度图、区域抽样覆盖完成实况等更直观的图像,实现抽样记录自动更新,数据自动完成清洗,提高了数据利用率,大幅缩短了抽样路程所需时间。结论:基于GIS的广西食品抽样系统为我区食品安全监管提供了数据信息保障,并大大减少了广西食品抽样的人力物力成本,成为食品安全智慧化监管不可或缺的工具。

基于GIS的林业调查技术研究

随着地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展和应用,基于GIS的林业调查技术在林业资源管理、生态环境保护、林火监测和森林病虫害监测等方面得到了广泛应用。该文通过概述GIS的基本概念和定义,介绍了GIS在林业调查中的应用重要性和现状,并总结了林业调查中常用的GIS技术,比如,遥感、GPS和DEM技术。同时,通过实际案例阐述了GIS在林业调查中的应用技术,并探讨了GIS在林业调查中的优势和挑战。最后,提出了加强技术研究和应用推广的建议,以促进GIS在林业调查中的进一步应用和发展,实现更科学、可持续的林业资源管理和保护。

基于遥感和GIS的水资源调查与评价方法研究

探讨基于遥感和地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)技术的水资源调查与评价方法,旨在提高水资源管理的效率和准确性。使用遥感技术进行数据采集和处理,以及利用GIS进行空间数据的管理和分析,研究内容涵盖了水资源量的计算、水质评价、水资源管理策略等方面。结果显示,遥感和GIS技术能有效提供水资源量化评估,识别和分析水质状况,支持水资源的合理分配和可持续利用。遥感和GIS技术在水资源调查和管理中展现出巨大的潜力,但也面临数据精度、处理复杂性和成本效益的挑战。未来研究需要集成跨学科知识,优化技术应用,以更全面、高效地解决全球水资源问题。

一种基于GIS呈现的密集城区CRAN区分裂评估方法

文章提出了一种基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)呈现的密集城区集中无线接入网络(Centralized Radio Access Network,CRAN)区分裂评估方法。该方法利用GIS技术,通过数据收集和参数GIS呈现,综合评估CRAN区域内微网格的业务需求和设备接入能力。通过现网环路带宽分析和判断是否需要分裂,制订最优匹配调整CRAN范围和CRAN分裂回传组网的方案,满足网络的健康发展和适应未来需求。该方法为密集城区CRAN网络规划和优化提供了科学的参考和决策依据。

Using GIS Data to Build Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatically building Informed Virtual Geographic Environments (IVGE) using data provided by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The obtained IVGE provides 2D and 3D geographic information for visualization and simulation purposes. Conventional VGE approaches are generally built upon a grid-based representation, raising the well-known problems of the lack of accuracy of the localized data and the difficulty to merge data with multiple semantics. On the contrary, our approach uses a topological model and provides an exact representation of GIS data, allowing an accurate geometrical exploitation. Moreover, our model can merge semantic information, even if spatially overlapping. In addition, the proposed IVGE contains spatial information which can be enhanced thanks to a geometric abstraction method. We illustrate this model with an application which automatically extracts the required data from standard GIS files and allows a user to navigate and retrieve information from the computed IVGE.