Based on a series of previous studies, an experiment on the integral seismic behavior of a 1/3 scaled model of two-bay and three-story reinforced concrete frame with split columns at lower two stories is performed und...Based on a series of previous studies, an experiment on the integral seismic behavior of a 1/3 scaled model of two-bay and three-story reinforced concrete frame with split columns at lower two stories is performed under cyclic loading. The original columns at lower two stories of the model frame are short columns and they are replaced by the split columns. The hysteresis curves between the horizontal cyclic load and the lateral displacement at the top of the model frame, indicate that under the cyclic loading, the model frame undergoes the process of cracking, yielding, and maximum loading before being destroyed at the ultimate load. They also indicate that the model frame has better ductility, and the ratio of the ultimate displacement to the yielding displacement, reaches 6.0. The yielding process of the model frame shows that for the frame with split columns, plastic hinges are generated at the ends of beams and then the columns begin yielding while the frame still possesses the bearing and deformation capacity. The design idea of directly changing the short column to long one in the reinforced concrete frame may be realized by replacing the short column with the split one.展开更多
Background:Unfavorable fractures are among the most common complications of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO).This study aimed to evaluate unfavorable fracture patterns during BSSRO and assess the relate...Background:Unfavorable fractures are among the most common complications of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO).This study aimed to evaluate unfavorable fracture patterns during BSSRO and assess the related risk factors and treatment measures.Methods:The clinical records and radiographs of 679 patients(1358 sides)who underwent BSSRO at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital between September 2013 and December 2021 were examined.Results:Patients with unfavorable fractures who underwent surgical restoration were studied.The incidence of unfavorable fractures was 0.8%(n¼11),with the highest rate in the third year.The unfavorable fractures were divided into three types by location and clinical treatment:(1)SSRO could still be completed after buccal/lingual plate unfavorable fracture(0.6%,n=8);(2)condylar/coronoid process fractures/intermaxillary fixation needed(0.1%,n=2);(3)additional osteotomy required(0.07%,n=1).Conclusion:These results suggest that as a surgeon’s experience increases,the rate of unfavorable fractures may decrease.The novel classification of unfavorable fractures for SSRO might be useful for surgeons to make appropriate treatment choices during orthognathic surgery.展开更多
The damage variables of describing the material damage state should be chosen first when the research of concrete structures by use of theory of damage theory. The method of calculation of damage parameter by the meas...The damage variables of describing the material damage state should be chosen first when the research of concrete structures by use of theory of damage theory. The method of calculation of damage parameter by the measure of the change of the elastic modulus of concrete specimens is effectively. In this paper, the wedge splitting tests with double bearing of three groups of different initial crack lengths of concrete specimens were conducted, and the stress and the strain of the points with different distance from the initial crack tip measured and calculated, and the damage value with peak stress of the various points were calculated based on the stress-strain curves. From the results of the test, the damage parameter can be confirmed under the non-uniform stress field, and the initial crack length has some influence on the damage parameter, and the longer the initial crack length and the greater the damage parameter.展开更多
This paper discussed Bayesian variable selection methods for models from split-plot mixture designs using samples from Metropolis-Hastings within the Gibbs sampling algorithm. Bayesian variable selection is easy to im...This paper discussed Bayesian variable selection methods for models from split-plot mixture designs using samples from Metropolis-Hastings within the Gibbs sampling algorithm. Bayesian variable selection is easy to implement due to the improvement in computing via MCMC sampling. We described the Bayesian methodology by introducing the Bayesian framework, and explaining Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. The Metropolis-Hastings within Gibbs sampling was used to draw dependent samples from the full conditional distributions which were explained. In mixture experiments with process variables, the response depends not only on the proportions of the mixture components but also on the effects of the process variables. In many such mixture-process variable experiments, constraints such as time or cost prohibit the selection of treatments completely at random. In these situations, restrictions on the randomisation force the level combinations of one group of factors to be fixed and the combinations of the other group of factors are run. Then a new level of the first-factor group is set and combinations of the other factors are run. We discussed the computational algorithm for the Stochastic Search Variable Selection (SSVS) in linear mixed models. We extended the computational algorithm of SSVS to fit models from split-plot mixture design by introducing the algorithm of the Stochastic Search Variable Selection for Split-plot Design (SSVS-SPD). The motivation of this extension is that we have two different levels of the experimental units, one for the whole plots and the other for subplots in the split-plot mixture design.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China( No. 50425824
文摘Based on a series of previous studies, an experiment on the integral seismic behavior of a 1/3 scaled model of two-bay and three-story reinforced concrete frame with split columns at lower two stories is performed under cyclic loading. The original columns at lower two stories of the model frame are short columns and they are replaced by the split columns. The hysteresis curves between the horizontal cyclic load and the lateral displacement at the top of the model frame, indicate that under the cyclic loading, the model frame undergoes the process of cracking, yielding, and maximum loading before being destroyed at the ultimate load. They also indicate that the model frame has better ductility, and the ratio of the ultimate displacement to the yielding displacement, reaches 6.0. The yielding process of the model frame shows that for the frame with split columns, plastic hinges are generated at the ends of beams and then the columns begin yielding while the frame still possesses the bearing and deformation capacity. The design idea of directly changing the short column to long one in the reinforced concrete frame may be realized by replacing the short column with the split one.
基金the University-Industry Collaborative Education Program of the Ministry of Education of China(grant no.201801301030).
文摘Background:Unfavorable fractures are among the most common complications of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO).This study aimed to evaluate unfavorable fracture patterns during BSSRO and assess the related risk factors and treatment measures.Methods:The clinical records and radiographs of 679 patients(1358 sides)who underwent BSSRO at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital between September 2013 and December 2021 were examined.Results:Patients with unfavorable fractures who underwent surgical restoration were studied.The incidence of unfavorable fractures was 0.8%(n¼11),with the highest rate in the third year.The unfavorable fractures were divided into three types by location and clinical treatment:(1)SSRO could still be completed after buccal/lingual plate unfavorable fracture(0.6%,n=8);(2)condylar/coronoid process fractures/intermaxillary fixation needed(0.1%,n=2);(3)additional osteotomy required(0.07%,n=1).Conclusion:These results suggest that as a surgeon’s experience increases,the rate of unfavorable fractures may decrease.The novel classification of unfavorable fractures for SSRO might be useful for surgeons to make appropriate treatment choices during orthognathic surgery.
文摘The damage variables of describing the material damage state should be chosen first when the research of concrete structures by use of theory of damage theory. The method of calculation of damage parameter by the measure of the change of the elastic modulus of concrete specimens is effectively. In this paper, the wedge splitting tests with double bearing of three groups of different initial crack lengths of concrete specimens were conducted, and the stress and the strain of the points with different distance from the initial crack tip measured and calculated, and the damage value with peak stress of the various points were calculated based on the stress-strain curves. From the results of the test, the damage parameter can be confirmed under the non-uniform stress field, and the initial crack length has some influence on the damage parameter, and the longer the initial crack length and the greater the damage parameter.
文摘This paper discussed Bayesian variable selection methods for models from split-plot mixture designs using samples from Metropolis-Hastings within the Gibbs sampling algorithm. Bayesian variable selection is easy to implement due to the improvement in computing via MCMC sampling. We described the Bayesian methodology by introducing the Bayesian framework, and explaining Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. The Metropolis-Hastings within Gibbs sampling was used to draw dependent samples from the full conditional distributions which were explained. In mixture experiments with process variables, the response depends not only on the proportions of the mixture components but also on the effects of the process variables. In many such mixture-process variable experiments, constraints such as time or cost prohibit the selection of treatments completely at random. In these situations, restrictions on the randomisation force the level combinations of one group of factors to be fixed and the combinations of the other group of factors are run. Then a new level of the first-factor group is set and combinations of the other factors are run. We discussed the computational algorithm for the Stochastic Search Variable Selection (SSVS) in linear mixed models. We extended the computational algorithm of SSVS to fit models from split-plot mixture design by introducing the algorithm of the Stochastic Search Variable Selection for Split-plot Design (SSVS-SPD). The motivation of this extension is that we have two different levels of the experimental units, one for the whole plots and the other for subplots in the split-plot mixture design.
基金Project(202206430008) supported by the China Scholarship Council ProgramProject (52104139) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(SKLGDUEK2132) supported by the State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology/China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing,ChinaProjects([2020]2Y030,[2020]2Y019,[2020]3007,[2020]3008,[2022]011) supported by the Science and Technology Planning of Guizhou Province,ChinaProject(2022B01051) supported by the Key Research and Development Special Tasks of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China。
