Adaptive Method’s Application for the Identification Systems in Dynamic Weighing

In this work,the possibility of adaptive algorithm in WIM(weight-in-motion)systems,in which fibre optic sensors are used,is shown.Appointment of dynamic weighing device consists in determining the weight and type of vehicle.In this work an algorithm for processing the input data and fiber optic sensor to create the database used in the algorithm is presented.The results of the algorithm for the identification of vehicles are given.The conclusions are made and options of increasing the accuracy of the identification algorithm are considered.

有机盐weigh3钻井液抗高温稳定性研究

有机盐weigh3是碱金属多元有机酸盐、有机酸铵、有机酸季铵的复合盐,该有机盐能有效提高钻井液处理剂的抗高温能力。钻井液处理剂在有机盐weigh3溶液中的热降解温度,随其浓度的增加而显著增高。实验结果表明:低粘聚阴离子纤维素(PAC-LV)在密度为1.40 g/cm3的有机盐中抗温能力可达到190℃,比清水中提高近50℃;XC在密度为1.40 g/cm3的有机盐溶液中抗温能力可达到180℃,同样比清水中提高近50℃。

Changes of coastline and tidal flat and its implication for ecological protection under human activities: Take China’s Bohai Bay as an example

The change processes and trends of shoreline and tidal flat forced by human activities are essential issues for the sustainability of coastal area,which is also of great significance for understanding coastal ecological environment changes and even global changes.Based on field measurements,combined with Linear Regression(LR)model and Inverse Distance Weighing(IDW)method,this paper presents detailed analysis on the change history and trend of the shoreline and tidal flat in Bohai Bay.The shoreline faces a high erosion chance under the action of natural factors,while the tidal flat faces a different erosion and deposition patterns in Bohai Bay due to the impact of human activities.The implication of change rule for ecological protection and recovery is also discussed.Measures should be taken to protect the coastal ecological environment.The models used in this paper show a high correlation coefficient between observed and modeling data,which means that this method can be used to predict the changing trend of shoreline and tidal flat.The research results of present study can provide scientific supports for future coastal protection and management.

S13Cr110马氏体不锈钢油管在高温高压Weigh4完井液中的应力腐蚀开裂性能

采用C环试验,研究了S13Cr110马氏体不锈钢油管在高温高压Weigh4完井液中的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)性能。结果表明:S13Cr110油管在高pH的Weigh4完井液中存在一定的SCC风险,少量泥浆的存在会增强S13Cr110油管的应力腐蚀敏感性。在含O2且混有少量泥浆的Weigh4完井液中,S13CR110油管会发生应力腐蚀开裂。

Upgrade and Renovation of Steel Billet Scalein front of High-speed Wire Furnace

This article briefly introduces the weighing device for steel billets in front of the heating furnace of the high-speed wire rod unit,and analyzes and summarizes the problems existing in the original weighing device for steel billets in production and use.Based on on-site installation conditions,design a new weighing method,match a large range weighing sensor,upgrade the automation control of the weighing device,and remotely transmit the billet weighing data to the MES system of the group.The automatic,stable,reliable,and accurate measurement of steel billet raw materials has been achieved,providing important guarantees for the accurate measurement of production line billet and product yield.

An attribute recognition model based on entropy weight for evaluating the quality of groundwater sources

In our study, entropy weight coefficients, based on Shannon entropy, were determined for an attribute recognition model to model the quality of groundwater sources. The model follows the theory previously proposed by Chen Q S. In the model, firstly, the author establishes the attribute space matrix and determines the weight based on Shannon entropy theory; secondly, calculates attribute measure; thirdly, evaluates that with confidence criterion and score criterion; finally, an application example is given. The results show that the water quality of the groundwater sources for the city comes up to the grade II or III standard. There is no pollution that obviously exceeds the standard and the water can meet people’s needs .The results from an evaluation of this model are in basic agreement with the observed situation and with a set pair analysis (SPA) model.

Adjusting precipitation measurements from the TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge in the Qilian Mountains, China

With the popularity of the automatic precipitation gauges in national weather stations,testing their performance and adjusting their measurements are top priorities. Additionally,because different climatic conditions may have different effects on the performance of the precipitation gauges, it is also necessary to test the gauges in different areas. This study mainly analyzed precipitation measurements from the single-Altershielded TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge(TRwS_(SA)) relative to the adjusted manual measurements(reference precipitation) from the Chinese standard precipitation gauge in a doublefence wind shield(CSPG_(DF)) in the Hulu watershed in the Qilian Mountains, China. The measurements were compared over the period from August 2014 to July2017, and the transfer function derived from the work by Kochendorfer et al.(2017 a) for correcting windinduced losses was applied to the TRwS_(SA) measurements. The results show that the average loss of TRwS_(SA) measurements relative to the reference precipitation decreased from 0.55 mm(10.7%) to 0.51 mm(9.9%) for rainfall events, from 0.35 mm(8.5%)to 0.22 mm(5.3%) for sleet events, and from 0.49 mm(18.9%) to 0.33 mm(12.7%) for snowfall events after adjustment. The uncorrected large biases of TRwS_(SA) measurements are considered to be mainly caused by specific errors of TRwS_(SA), different gauge orifice area and random errors. These types of errors must be considered when comparing precipitation measurements for different gauge types, especially in the mountains.

Credibility and Security of Weighing System for Large Structure Object

The weighing system designed for large structure object is mainly composed of three parts. The part of hydraulic system is made up of hydraulic cylinders, high pressure hydraulic hoses and electric pumps; the part of computer controlling system comprises pressure sensors, displacement sensors, data acquisitions, RS 485 network and the computer controlling model; the part of loading system is composed of the fulcrum structure and the concrete girder. The measurement principle and composition of the weighing system are discussed in this paper. Credibility and security of the weighing system are fully considered during the design phase. The hydraulic system is controlled by pilot operated check valves in case of the sudden loss of system pressure. The states of all gauges and RS485 network are monitored by computer controlling system functioning in different modules. When the system is running incorrectly, it will be switched to manual mode and give alarm. The finite element method is employed to analyze fulcrum structure so that the system has enough intensity to be lifted. Hence the reliability of the whole system is enhanced.

Adjustment of precipitation measurements using Total Rain weighing Sensor(TRwS)gauges in the cryospheric hydrometeorology observation(CHOICE)system of the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China

Precipitation is one of the most important indicators of climate data,but there are many errors in precipitation measurements due to the influence of climatic conditions,especially those of solid precipitation in alpine mountains and at high latitude areas.The measured amount of precipitation in those areas is frequently less than the actual amount of precipitation.To understand the impact of climatic conditions on precipitation measurements in the mountainous areas of Northwest China and the applicability of different gauges in alpine mountains,we established a cryospheric hydrometeorology observation(CHOICE)system in 2008 in the Qilian Mountains,which consists of six automated observation stations located between 2960 and 4800 m a.s.l.Total Rain weighing Sensor(TRwS)gauges tested in the World Meteorological Organization-Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment(WMO-SPICE)were used at observation stations with the CHOICE system.To study the influence of climatic conditions on different types of precipitation measured by the TRwS gauges,we conducted an intercomparison experiment of precipitation at Hulu-1 station that was one of the stations in the CHOICE system.Moreover,we tested the application of transfer functions recommended by the WMO-SPICE at this station using the measurement data from a TRwS gauge from August 2016 to December 2020 and computed new coefficients for the same transfer functions that were more appropriate for the dataset from Hulu-1 station.The new coefficients were used to correct the precipitation measurements of other stations in the CHOICE system.Results showed that the new parameters fitted to the local dataset had better correction results than the original parameters.The environmental conditions of Hulu-1 station were very different from those of observation stations that provided datasets to create the transfer functions.Thus,root-mean-square error(RMSE)of solid and mixed precipitation corrected by the original parameters increased significantly by the averages of 0.135(353%)and 0.072 mm(111%),respectively.RMSE values of liquid,solid and mixed precipitation measurements corrected by the new parameters decreased by 6%,20% and 13%,respectively.In addition,the new parameters were suitable for correcting precipitation at other five stations in the CHOICE system.The relative precipitation(RP)increment of different types of precipitation increased with rising altitude.The average RP increment value of snowfall at six stations was the highest,reaching 7%,while that of rainfall was the lowest,covering 3%.Our results confirmed that the new parameters could be used to correct precipitation measurements of the CHOICE system.

A New Correction Method of Electronic-weighing System for Blast Furnace

In the injection of pulverized coal into a blast furnace, there are some factors which affect the readout of electronic weighing system. Through analyzing the measuring errors, it is found that the main reasons are pressure fluctuations of storage tank and puffing tank. According to the interaction of pressures, a neural network based method combined with fuzzy logic is adopted to enhance the precision. Experimental results show this method is satisfactory.

ASYMPTOTICS FOR POSITIVE SOLUTIONS OF THE WEIGHTED LAPLACE EQUATIONS INVOLVINGCRITICAL GROWTH

A general weighted second order elliptic equation involving critical growth is considered on bounded smooth. domain in n-dimension space. There is the singular point for the weighted coefficients in the domain. With generalized blow up method, some results are obtained for asymptotic behavior of positive solutions. This problem includes Laplacian operators as special cases.

Multi-slots Wideband Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Weighed Data Fusion in Cognitive Radio

In order to avoid the interference to the primary user(PU), in this paper Cognitive Radio (CR) periodically senses the presence of PU, and during one period, CR can sense all the sub-channels based on weighed data fusion and then use all the idle channels decided by the coordinator. The local sensing time of CR is divided into multi-slots in which CR can sense any sub-channel. Through reasonably allocating the sensing slots and users by mathematic optimization, the proposed algorithm can improve the total throughput of CR. The optimization problem of the proposed scheme which seeks to maximize the throughput subject to the constraint of the detected performance of each sub-channel is proposed in order to choose the optimum local sense time and the number of the cooperative CRs. The simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme can obtain higher throughput than the conventional single-channel sense, and there are the optimum local sense time and the number of cooperative CRs to make the throughput reach maximum.

A Comparison of Weighing Methods Prior to Fusion Preparing Iron Samples for XRF Analysis

Sample preparation by fusion for XRF analysis is all about knowing the exact weights of the sample and the flux (sample-to-flux ratio). The whole analytical chain, including the weighing step in sample preparation prior to fusion, is of crucial importance to get precise and accurate x-ray fluorescence (XRF) results. Consequently, the weighing method will affect the quality of the analytical results given by the spectrometer. In this study, the effects of different weighing methods on the precision (RSD) of the obtained XRF results are compared to determine the best weighing method for sample preparation by fusion in terms of comparable precisions in the XRF results.

Some Construction Methods of A-Optimum Chemical Balance Weighing Designs

Some new construction methods of the optimum chemical balance weighing designs and pairwise efficiency and variance balanced designs are proposed, which are based on the incidence matrices of the known symmetric balanced incomplete block designs. Also the conditions under which the constructed chemical balance weighing designs become A-optimal are also been given.

Some Construction Methods of Optimum Chemical Balance Weighing Designs III

Methods of constructing the optimum chemical balance weighing designs from symmetric balanced incomplete block designs are proposed with illustration. As a by-product pairwise efficiency and variance balanced designs are also obtained.

浅析cost,measure,weigh,total的连系动词用法

高一英语《教参》分别在p.113和p.378把句子This bikecosts 180 yuan.和The visitors to the exhibition totalledtwenty hundred thousand.中的cost和total当作及物动词,有些英语词典也是这样解释的。另外一些词典和语法著作把cost视为不及物动词,与run,walk,weigh,measure等动词归为一类,把表示重量、面积、价值的名词短语视为状语。笔者认为上述两种看法都存在着一定的缺陷,值得商榷。首先,不宜把cost等动词当作及物动词。

Design of Weigh Feeder Control System for Energy Saving Using Performance-Adaptive Method

This paper discusses a design method for the control system of a weigh feeder that supplies powder and granular material at a constant rate. Most weigh feeders employed in industry are controlled by proportional and integral （PI） compensation, and the control performance is decided by the selection of parameters. To attain advanced control performance by PI control, the PI parameters are designed on the basis of generalized minimum variance control （GMVC）. In this study, to achieve user-specified control performance by GMVC-based PI control, the design parameters of GMVC are automatically adjusted using a performance-adaptive method. The control performance discussed in this study consists of the variance of the control error and that of the difference in the control input. In a conventional performance-adaptive method, the variance of the control error is reduced. In this study, to reduce energy consumption and to achieve user-specified control performance, the variance of the difference in the control input is specified and the design parameter is determined. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the proposed method is applied to an actual weigh feeder.

Determination of groundwater potential distribution in Kulfo-Hare watershed through integration of GIS, remote sensing, and AHP in Southern Ethiopia

Identification of groundwater potential areas(GPA)is important in regions facing surface water scarcity,as it assists in effective planning and utilization of groundwater for various purposes.This study employs the methods of remote sensing(RS),geographic information system(GIS)model,and analytical hierarchy process(AHP),multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA)to locate and map the prospective groundwater areas in the Kulfo-Hare watershed.Seven significant groundwater influencing factors were selected for the determination of groundwater potential in the area:Geology,land use/land cover(LULC),soil,rainfall,slope,drainage density,and lineament density.By applying a five-class classification scheme(very low,low,moderate,high,and very high),the GIS models were used to define the distribution of groundwater potential areas in terms of area coverage(km^(2)),percentage and mapping.The results show that the groundwater potential(GWP)distribution in the research region is as follows:9.7%(6035.9 ha)classified as very high GWP,29.6%(18606 ha)classified as high,24.5%(15245 ha)classified as moderate,18.1%(11431 ha)as low and 18.1%(11492 ha)very low GWP,on the basis of the weighted overlay evaluation.Although a few regions are identifies as extremely low GWP,most of the study area is characterized by very high to moderate GWP.These findings provide valuable insight for sustainable groundwater planning by the government bodies,decision-makers,and private sectors.

超高温超高密度有机盐钻井液技术研究

为解决费尔干纳盆地深部井段抗高温高密度钻井液技术难题，开发出了抗温220℃、密度2．60～3．00g／cm^3的有机盐钻井液技术，并进行了抗温、抗污染、抑制、储层保护、腐蚀性和环保能力等综合性能评价。实验表明：在密度达3．00g／cm^3时，固相含量低于50％，滤饼摩阻系数小于0．20，具有良好的流动性和润滑防卡能力，较好地解决了加重材料的沉降和过饱和盐水的结晶问题。根据已钻井的经验，总结出了现场超高温超高密度有机盐钻井液的维护处理事项，为钻探作业的顺利开展提供了技术支撑。

自动充绒机的研究进展及其关键技术分析

羽绒服及羽绒制品需求量的增加对其生产效率提出了更高的要求,羽绒量的准确控制和快速填充是提高生产效率的关键。文章综述了自动充绒机的发展现状,对自动充绒机研究中的羽绒输送技术、羽绒量准确控制技术、出绒技术、环境控制技术等关键技术进行了分析与总结,指出面向现代服装制造业发展新趋势,自动充绒机技术需要在多通道并行充绒技术、双气路精密定量输送技术、行业标准制定、装备柔性化设计技术、绿色环保技术等方面进一步深入研究。