STRUCTURE,MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND BIOACTIVITIES OF(1→3)-β-D-GLUCANS AND ITS SULFATED DERIVATIVES FROM FOUR KINDS OF LENTINUS EDODES

Lentinan samples,(1→3)-β-D-glucans containing 4.6-15.2 wt% proteins,coded as L-I_1 L-I_2 L-I_3 and L-I_4(L-I)were isolated from four kinds of Lentinus edodes.These glucans were treated with acetone to remove the protein in orderto obtain free protein glucans coded as LNP-I_1,LNP-I_2.LNP-I_3 and LNP-I_4(LNP-I).The free-protein polysaccharideswere sulfated to give derivatives(S-LNP-I)with degree of substitution(DS)from 0.4-0.8.The structural features andweight-average molecular weight(M_w)of the samples were investigated by using infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,^(13)C-NMR,size exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering(SEC-LLS)and viscometry.The effects ofstructure and conformation of the polysaccharides on antitumor activities were assayed in vivo(Sarcoma 180 solid tumors)and in vitro(Sarcoma 180,HL-60,MCF-7 and Vero tumors).The results indicated that the predominant species of thesamples L-I and LNP-I in 0.2 mol/L NaCl aqueous solution existed as triple-helical chains with high rigidity and in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)as single-flexible chains.Interestingly,the antitumor activities of LNP-I are lower than those of the nativeglucans(L-I),whereas their sulfated derivatives have higher inhibition ratio against Sarcoma 180 than LNP-I.The resultsreveal that the binding of protein,sulfated modification and the triple helix conformation are important factors in theenhancement of the antitumor activities of polysaccharides on the whole.

Comparison of Low Stress Mechanical Properties of Light Weight Wool and Wool Blend Fabrics using the KES-F and FAST Instruments

This study compares the test results of the FAST (Fabric Assurance by Simple Testing) with those of the KES - F (Kawabata Evaluation Systems for Fabrics) for a range of nineteen light weight wool and wool blend fabrics in terms of the low - stress mechanical properties of bending, shear, and tensile deformation. It is found that there are very significant correlations between the corresponding parameters for extensibility and shear rigidity obtained from the test results of the two systems. The correlation between the values of bending rigidity obtained from the two systems is only moderate. Furthermore, for the fabrics tested in this study, the values of bending rigidity, shear rigidity, and extensibility measured using the KES - F instruments are higher than those of the corresponding parameters measured using the FAST instruments. The linear regression equation is given for each pair of corresponding parameter.

APPLICATION OF WEIGHTED NONOSCILLATORY AND NON-FREE-PARAMETER DISSIPATION DIFFERENCE SCHEME IN CALCULATING THE FLOW OF VIBRATING FLAT CASCADE

A dual-time method is introduced to calculate the unsteady flow in a certain vibrating flat cascade. An implicit lower-upper symmetric-gauss-seidel scheme（LU-SGS） is applied for time stepping in pseudo time domains, and the convection items are discretized with the spatial three-order weighted non-oscillatory and non-free-parameter dissipation difference （WNND） scheme. The turbulence model adopts q-co low-Reynolds-number model. The frequency specmuns of lift coefficients and the unsteady pressure-difference coefficients at different spanwise heights as well as the entropy contours at blade tips on different vibrating instants, are obtained. By the analysis of frequency specmuns of lift coefficients at three spanwise heights, it is considered that there exist obvious non-linear perturbations in the flow induced by the vibrating, and the perturbation frequencies are higher than the basic frequency. The entropy contours at blade tips at different times display an intensively unsteady attribute of the flow under large amplitudes.

Manufacturing of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Tape and the Loss of Strength

Due to the low density and excellent mechanical proper-ties,high performance fiber reinforced materials have aconsiderable application in the area of high technologyand dally usage.In this paper,the Ultra-high Molecu-lar Weight Polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber reinforcedPE tape prepared with the method of powder impregnat-ion was studied.The effect of impregnate length and thetensile force of the yarn on the fiber content as well as on the strength and modulus of the tape were discussed.Calculation shows that the strength and the modulus ofthe ULMWPE fiber can keep about 85％ after it undergothe process.

Preparation of High Molecular Weight Poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone)(85-15)

Poly（L-lactide-co-caprolactone）（85-15）[P（LLA-CL）（85-15）] was synthesized from high purity L-lactide and e-caprolactone using tin octoate as initiator by ring-opening polymerization, and characterized by infrared spectrum and IH-NMR spectrum. The synthesized P（LLA-CL）（85-15） is a random copolymer. The influences of polymerization temperature, polymerization time, dosage of initiator and polymerization pressure on the weight average molecular weight and the polydispersity index of P（LLA-CL）（85-15） were investigated. The optimum preparation conditions of P（LLA-CL）（85-15） are： the polymerization pressure is less than 0.5 Pa, the polymerization temperature is 130 ~C, the n（M）/n（I） ratio is 8 000/1, and the polymerization time is 36 h. Under the condition, the weight-average molecular weight of prepared P（LLA-CL）（85-15） is 65.6x 104, and molecular weight distribution coefficient is 1.15.

基于未确知测度方法的装配式建筑吊装风险研究

为实现对装配式建筑吊装风险的科学评价,基于AHP-熵组合赋权的未确知测度方法提出装配式建筑吊装风险量化评价方法。首先,遵循“4M1E”原则对风险因素进行梳理,从“人、物、技、环、管”5个方面对装配式建筑吊装风险因素进行识别,建立风险量化评价指标体系;然后,运用AHP计算评价指标主观权重,熵权法计算评价指标客观权重,结合最小熵原理计算组合权重,基于该权重与未确知测度方法提出装配式建筑吊装风险量化评价方法;最后,对湖南地区某装配式住宅项目进行实例研究。研究表明:该项目吊装总体风险判定为c4级(风险较小)。AHP-熵组合赋权未确知测度方法的可操作性较强,可用于装配式建筑吊装风险的量化评价。

基于DEMATEL权重-TOPSIS法的三峡升船机事故隐患研究

为衡量三峡升船机事故隐患风险,根据调试期情况,设置了7类事故隐患类型,共计16项事故隐患原因;采用DEMATEL权重-TOPSIS法研究各隐患原因对事故发生的影响程度,并找出关键的隐患原因,同时以统计数据、现场调研为基础,分别从人、物、环境、管理等4个方面制定相应的风险控制措施。结果表明,组织结构不完善是事故发生的根本性原因,其次分别是各施工单位之间沟通协调不力、没有进行彻底的作业交底等。

采用WA-WBA与改进INSCT的图像融合算法

在冗余提升变换与多方向分析相结合的图像融合算法改进的非下采样轮廓波变换(INSCT)中,冗余提升部分采用的Neville算子在多尺度分解的过程中丢失了很多方向信息,不利于后续的多方向分析。针对这一问题,该文提出了一组新算子,可以在频带分解部分很好地保持图像的方向信息,并在此基础上提出一种图像融合算法。该算法先用直方图均衡化的方法提高红外图像中目标区域的灰度值;然后用新算子代替Neville算子对可见光图像与处理后的红外图像进行多尺度分解;最后采用基于权重窗口的活动级与加权求和相结合(WA-WBA)的方法替代简单的加权求和方法对低频子带进行融合,采用一致性测度,实现了各子带系数的自适应融合,有效地弥补了基于像素的图像融合方法的不足。实验结果表明,该算法使融合后的图像更好地保持了可见光的细节信息,同时获得了较清晰的红外图像中的目标信息。

自行式桥梁检测车伸缩臂 油缸-连杆举升机的优化设计

采用多目标优化方法,解决自行式桥梁检测车伸缩臂油缸—连杆举升机构的优化设计问题,取得了较好的设计效果。文中对如何建立数学模型,权系数对优化结果的影响等问题进行了说明。

土石坝灌浆设计与施工关键技术探讨

心墙堆石坝和面板堆石坝等土石坝坝基灌浆受盖重薄、爆破卸荷、岩体软弱等因素影响,灌浆过程中抬动、劈裂和外漏严重,导致升压灌注和质量保证困难,甚至影响水库正常蓄水。针对建基岩体选择、基础灌浆廊道布置、灌浆孔布置、灌浆与检查压力等关键设计问题进行分析,并结合规范规定和工程实践对灌浆方法、外漏处理、阻塞器选择、抬动控制与升压方式等关键施工工艺和参数进行探讨,提出的帷幕灌浆压力与检查压力确定方法、外漏系统封堵+随机封堵、阻塞器选择原则、基于P与Q关系的“固步升压”灌浆控制等,可供同类工程坝基灌浆参考。

农机装备电控液压提升系统变权重因子自适应控制研究

针对传统大马力拖拉机电液提升系统控制精度不足的问题,提出利用多个反馈参数进行综合调节的控制方案,通过对不同的反馈控制方式进行权重划分,可综合各反馈控制的优势以实现多性能平衡的目的。另外,考虑到常规控制的权重因子固定不可变的问题,提出权重因子基于反馈信号的自适应变化控制方案,利用3种反馈信号与设定值的偏差进行权重因子的增量调节,使得权重因子能更好地满足性能参数的变动,分别设计了3个权重因子的自适应控制规则和对应控制器的输入输出参数。选用犁耕深度、牵引力、滑转率作为控制性能的评价指标对无反馈控制、力位综合控制以及所提自适应控制进行对比,结果表明:所提控制方法的犁耕深度均匀性较高,牵引力和滑转率数值较小,且变化范围明显小于其他2种控制方式;在提高犁耕均匀性的同时也提高了燃油经济性,并降低了悬挂系统的冲击效应。

基于单片机的三路举重裁判表决器设计与仿真

阐述了基于单片机的三路举重裁判表决器优势和功能要求,并根据功能要求设计其表决电路、单片机控制电路和结果显示电路等模块,最后通过仿真验证了设计的可行性和结果的正确性。

导管架平台上部组块结构优化研究

目前东海已建在产的生产平台全部为导管架平台,部分导管架平台的上部组块存在结构偏复杂、杆件受力不均衡、甲板设备布局不合理等问题,不仅加大了平台建造难度和工作量,而且增加了项目工程投资。因此,有必要对东海已建导管架平台进行结构评价和优化设计。在此基础上选取东海具有代表性的导管架平台为研究对象,对其上部组块进行优化设计,并运用SACS软件对上部组块进行在位静力分析和吊装分析,最终形成了导管架平台上部组块优化技术方案,实现了上部组块结构减重,从而节省制造费用,降低成本。该文旨在为今后类似导管架平台设计提供新的思路和借鉴。

模糊PID控制算法对起重机防摇控制效果的仿真分析

为解决起重机在实际工程应用时由于吊重摆动所引发的作业效率降低和运行安全性隐患大的问题,在对其防摇控制原理分析的基础上,基于模糊控制算法得出PID控制器相对应的位移和摆角的模糊控制规则查询表,并基于MATLAB软件对自由停摆控制和模糊PID控制算法防摇控制下起重机的停摆过程进行仿真对比分析,充分得出模糊PID控制算法防摇控制的优势.

An Installation System of Deepwater Risers by An S-Lay Vessel

Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products, more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields, especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves. For deepwater exploitation, the risers must be installed to act as the conduits connecting surface platforms to subsea facilities. In this paper, the typical risers sorted by different classes are introduced, and the correspondent installation methods are presented. By investigating the recent projects performed in the deepwater hot spots, and combining the challenges of HYSY20 l for riser installation, a lifting device developed for assisting riser installation is proposed and detailed to satisfy the installation of deepwater risers in the LW3-1 Gas Field of 1500 m in the South China Sea. Tests on both the functions and performances of such a new system exhibit the satisfaction of meeting all challenging requirements of HYSY201 for application to riser installation in waters up to a depth of 3000 m in the South China Sea.

Identification of a novel seed size associated locus SW9-1 in soybean

Seed size is one of the vital traits determining seed appearance, quality, and yield. Untangling the genetic mechanisms regulating soybean 100-seed weight (100-SW), seed length and seed width across environments may provide a theoretical basis for improving seed yield. However, there are few reports related to QTL mapping of 100-SW across multiple ecological regions. In this study, 21 loci associated with seed size traits were identified using a genome-wide association of 5361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across three ecoregions in China, which could explain 8.12%–14.25% of the phenotypic variance respectively. A new locus, named as SW9-1 on chromosome 9 that explained 10.05%–10.93% of the seed weight variance was found significantly related to seed size traits, and was not previously reported. The selection effect analysis showed that SW9-1 locus has a relatively high phenotypic effect (13.67) on 100-SW, with a greater contribution by the accessions with bigger seeds (3.69) than the accessions with small seeds (1.66). Increases in seed weight were accompanied by increases in the frequency of SW9-1T allele, with >90% of the bred varieties with a 100-SW >30 g carrying SW9-1T. Analysis of SW9-1 allelic variation in additional soybean accessions showed that SW9-1T allele accounting for 13.83% of the wild accessions, while in 46.55% and 51.57% of the landraces and bred accessions, respectively, this results indicating that the SW9-1 locus has been subjected to artificial selection during the early stages of soybean breeding, especially the utilization of SW9-1T in edamame for big seed. These results suggest that SW9-1 is a novel and reliable locus associated with seed size traits, and might have an important implication for increasing soybean seed weight in molecular design breeding. Cloning this locus in future may provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying soybean seed size traits.

ON THE m^(th) ORDER DIFFERENCE SEQUENCE SPACE OF GENERALIZED WEIGHTED MEAN AND COMPACT OPERATORS

In this article, using generalized weighted mean and difference matrix of order m, we introduce the paranormed sequence space l（u, v, p; △（m））, which consist of the sequences whose generalized weighted △（m）-difference means are in the linear space l（p） defined by I.J.Maddox. Also, we determine the basis of this space and compute its α-, β- and γ-duals. Further, we give the characterization of the classes of matrix mappings from l（u, v, p, △（m）） to l∞, c, and co. Finally, we apply the Hausdorff measure of noncompacness to characterize some classes of compact operators given by matrices on the space lp（U, v, △（m）） （1 ≤ p 〈 ∞）.

Improved Region Energy Based Image Fusion Rule for Multi-focus Image Fusion

In this paper,we propose a novel improved region energy based image fusion rule.The original images are firstly decomposed by using the lifting scheme of wavelet transform into four sub-bands:LL,LH,HL,HH,by studying principles and characteristics of the wavelet subbands,and we put emphasis on the high frequency subbands.Thus HH,HL,LH sub-bands,which represent three direction of high frequency details,are weighted by different size of three direction Gaussian kernel,then the energy based image fusion rule is applied with a optional size of window,thus the activity level of high frequency subbands are obtained,followed by a local region matching degree in the corresponding direction and resolution,an activity level of low frequency subband is calculated,then perform consistency verification on the selected wavelet coefficients,by doing the inverse wavelet transform the fused image is obtained.The performance of the proposed novel image fusion scheme is conducted and compared with a few existing image fusion algorithm,the experimental results show that the proposed method is an effective multi-focus image fusion algorithm.

Cumulative gain and lift charts for model performance assessment in mineral potential mapping

Model performance assessment is a key procedure for mineral potential mapping,but the corresponding research achievements are seldom reported in literature. Cumulative gain and lift charts are well known in the data mining community specialized in marketing and sales applications and widely used in customer churn prediction for model performance assessment. In this paper,they are introduced into the field of mineral potential mapping for model performance assessment. These two charts can be viewed as a graphic representation of the advantage of using a predictive model to choose mineral targets. A cumulative gain curve can represent how much a predictive model is superior to a random guess in mineral target prediction. A lift chart can express how much more likely the mineral targets predicted by a model are deposit-bearing ones than those by a random selection. As an illustration,the cumulative gain and lift charts are applied to measure the performance of weights of evidence,logistic regression,restricted Boltzmann machine,and multilayer perceptron in mineral potential mapping in the Altay district in northern Xinjiang in China. The results show that the cumulative gain and lift charts can visually reveal that the first three models perform well while the last one performs poorly. Thus,the cumulative gain and lift charts can serve as a graphic tool for model performance assessment in mineral potential mapping.

优秀男子举重运动员肘关节屈伸肌群等速肌力特征研究

目的:探讨优秀男子举重运动员肘关节屈伸肌群等速肌力特征及变化规律,为专项力量训练及同类研究提供理论参考。方法:采用美国CYBEX-Norm770型等速力量测试系统,测评山西省男子举重队7名现役运动员不同角速度下(30°/s、180°/s、)肘关节屈伸肌群等速肌力相关参数。结果:1)男子举重运动员双侧肘关节屈伸肌PT/BW随测试速度增加整体上呈现下降趋势(30°/s→180°/s);在同一测试速度下,右侧伸肌PT/BW显著高于左侧(P<0.05)。2)男子举重运动员双侧肘关节F/E随测试速度的增加而增大,测试速度为30°/s时,右侧肘关节F/E偏低仅为66%。3)男子举重运动员双侧肘关节屈伸肌AP随着测试速度的增加而增大。测试速度为180°/s时,右侧屈伸肌AP显著高于左侧(P<0.05)。结论:1)山西省优秀男子举重运动员双侧肘关节屈伸肌的肌力发展不均衡,右侧伸肌最大力量、快速力量显著大于左侧。运动员需要加强左侧肱三头肌、肱肌等伸肌的力量训练;同时在技术训练时,注重两侧肢体用力的对称性,实现双侧肘关节肌群均衡发展。2)未来研究应进一步确定优秀举重运动员AP下降的速度阈值,并加强在该阈值范围内的力量训练,以提高运动员快速力量水平。