Brittle fracture of cement sheath, induced by perforation and stimulation treatments, can cause cross flow of formation fluid and increase casing damage. A novel agent XL was developed for solving the problem. Experim...Brittle fracture of cement sheath, induced by perforation and stimulation treatments, can cause cross flow of formation fluid and increase casing damage. A novel agent XL was developed for solving the problem. Experimental results showed that the toughness of the set cement containing XL was improved remarkably. The engineering properties of the slurry containing XL, drag reducer USZ （0.2% BWOC）, filtrate loss additive F 17B （1.2% BWOC） and crystalloid expanding agent F17A （3% BWOC） could meet technical requirements of cementing operation. After perforation, good quality cement sheath enhanced with XL was observed by CBL/VDL logs in a deep well.展开更多
The increasing energy demand has pushed oil and gas exploration and development limits to extremely challenging and harsher HTHP (High Temperature and High Pressure) environments. Maintaining wellbore integrity in the...The increasing energy demand has pushed oil and gas exploration and development limits to extremely challenging and harsher HTHP (High Temperature and High Pressure) environments. Maintaining wellbore integrity in these environments, particularly in HPHT reservoirs with corrosive gases, presents a significant challenge. Robust risk evaluation and mitigation strategies are required to address these reservoirs' safety, economic, and environmental uncertainties. This study investigates chemo-mechanical properties degradations of class G oil well cement blended with silica fume, liquid silica, and latex when exposed to high temperature (150 °C) and high partial pressure of CO_(2) saturated brine. The result shows that these admixtures surround the cement grains and fill the interstitial spaces between the cement particles to form a dense crystal system of C–S–H. Consequently, the cement's percentage of pore voids, permeability, and the content of alkali compounds reduce, resulting in increased resistance to CO_(2) corrosion. Liquid silica, a specially prepared silica suspension, is a more effective alternative to silica fume in protecting oil well cement against CO_(2) chemical degradation. Micro-indentation analysis shows a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of the cement, including average elastic modulus and hardness, particularly in the outer zones in direct contact with corrosive fluids. This study highlights the significance of incorporating admixtures to mitigate the effects of CO_(2) corrosion in HPHT environments and provides a valuable technique for quantitatively evaluating the mechanical-chemical degradation of cement sheath.展开更多
In this study, we investigated the effect of compression on the micromechanical and the petro- physical properties of salted wellbore cement systems. The experiments were conducted using a customized bench scale model...In this study, we investigated the effect of compression on the micromechanical and the petro- physical properties of salted wellbore cement systems. The experiments were conducted using a customized bench scale model, which utilized an expandable tubulars simulating the compression of a previously cemented casing under field-like conditions. The “mini-wellbore model” sample consisted of a pipe inside pipe assembly with a cemented annulus. The cement samples were cured in a water bath for 28 days prior to the compression experiments to allow adequate hydration. The impact of compression on the cement’s petro-physical and mechanical properties was quantified by measuring the porosity, permeability and hardness of salt cement cores drilled parallel to the orientation of the pipe from the compacted cement sheath. Permeability (Core-flood) experiments were conducted at 21℃, 10,342 kPa confining pressure for a period of 120 minutes. During the core-flood experiments, conducted using Pulse-decay method, deionized water was flowed through cement cores to determine the permeability of the cores. The results obtained from these experiments confirmed that the compression of the cement positively impacted the cements ability to provide long term zonal isolation, shown by the effective reduction in porosity and permeability. Furthermore, the results confirm reduction in the detrimental effect of salt on the strength and stiffness in post-compression cement.展开更多
【目的】研究硅藻土对硅酸钠的吸附效果,探讨油井水泥环微裂缝的修复问题。【方法】采用硅酸钠作为自愈合剂,硅藻土为载体,利用真空浸渍法制备硅藻土基自愈合材料;借助扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、红外光谱仪(in...【目的】研究硅藻土对硅酸钠的吸附效果,探讨油井水泥环微裂缝的修复问题。【方法】采用硅酸钠作为自愈合剂,硅藻土为载体,利用真空浸渍法制备硅藻土基自愈合材料;借助扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、红外光谱仪(infrared spectrometer,FTIR)、全自动表面积和孔结构分析仪(automatic surface area and pore structure analyzer,BET)进行分析;通过对比分析掺入硅藻土基自愈合材料前、后水泥石的抗压强度、恢复率和渗透率等,对自愈合效果进行评价;通过对水泥石裂缝表面物质进行X射线衍射分析(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、热重分析(thermal analysis,TG)和SEM分析评价材料的自愈合机制。【结果】利用真空浸渍法能够成功制得硅藻土基自愈合材料;硅藻土基自愈合材料在油井水泥中最佳掺量为9%(质量分数),该试样劈裂造缝后自愈合14 d的抗压强度比纯水泥的提高99.57%,自愈合14 d后渗透率为0.42 mD,渗透率降低率达到75.44%,比纯水泥试样的高40.94%,且自愈合14 d后裂缝表面已经闭合。【结论】硅藻土基自愈合材料制备工艺简单,在油井水泥浆中具有良好的分散性和稳定性,可以促进油井水泥石微裂缝自愈合。展开更多
文摘Brittle fracture of cement sheath, induced by perforation and stimulation treatments, can cause cross flow of formation fluid and increase casing damage. A novel agent XL was developed for solving the problem. Experimental results showed that the toughness of the set cement containing XL was improved remarkably. The engineering properties of the slurry containing XL, drag reducer USZ （0.2% BWOC）, filtrate loss additive F 17B （1.2% BWOC） and crystalloid expanding agent F17A （3% BWOC） could meet technical requirements of cementing operation. After perforation, good quality cement sheath enhanced with XL was observed by CBL/VDL logs in a deep well.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation Project(Grant No.52274015)Opening Project Fund of Materials Service Safety Assessment Facilities(MSAF-2021-102).
文摘The increasing energy demand has pushed oil and gas exploration and development limits to extremely challenging and harsher HTHP (High Temperature and High Pressure) environments. Maintaining wellbore integrity in these environments, particularly in HPHT reservoirs with corrosive gases, presents a significant challenge. Robust risk evaluation and mitigation strategies are required to address these reservoirs' safety, economic, and environmental uncertainties. This study investigates chemo-mechanical properties degradations of class G oil well cement blended with silica fume, liquid silica, and latex when exposed to high temperature (150 °C) and high partial pressure of CO_(2) saturated brine. The result shows that these admixtures surround the cement grains and fill the interstitial spaces between the cement particles to form a dense crystal system of C–S–H. Consequently, the cement's percentage of pore voids, permeability, and the content of alkali compounds reduce, resulting in increased resistance to CO_(2) corrosion. Liquid silica, a specially prepared silica suspension, is a more effective alternative to silica fume in protecting oil well cement against CO_(2) chemical degradation. Micro-indentation analysis shows a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of the cement, including average elastic modulus and hardness, particularly in the outer zones in direct contact with corrosive fluids. This study highlights the significance of incorporating admixtures to mitigate the effects of CO_(2) corrosion in HPHT environments and provides a valuable technique for quantitatively evaluating the mechanical-chemical degradation of cement sheath.
文摘In this study, we investigated the effect of compression on the micromechanical and the petro- physical properties of salted wellbore cement systems. The experiments were conducted using a customized bench scale model, which utilized an expandable tubulars simulating the compression of a previously cemented casing under field-like conditions. The “mini-wellbore model” sample consisted of a pipe inside pipe assembly with a cemented annulus. The cement samples were cured in a water bath for 28 days prior to the compression experiments to allow adequate hydration. The impact of compression on the cement’s petro-physical and mechanical properties was quantified by measuring the porosity, permeability and hardness of salt cement cores drilled parallel to the orientation of the pipe from the compacted cement sheath. Permeability (Core-flood) experiments were conducted at 21℃, 10,342 kPa confining pressure for a period of 120 minutes. During the core-flood experiments, conducted using Pulse-decay method, deionized water was flowed through cement cores to determine the permeability of the cores. The results obtained from these experiments confirmed that the compression of the cement positively impacted the cements ability to provide long term zonal isolation, shown by the effective reduction in porosity and permeability. Furthermore, the results confirm reduction in the detrimental effect of salt on the strength and stiffness in post-compression cement.
文摘【目的】研究镁橄榄石掺加对减轻超临界CO_(2)环境下油井水泥石的腐蚀渗透性能。【方法】以镁橄榄石粉为外掺料配制不同的油井水泥,分析温度为150℃,CO_(2)总压为50 MPa条件下镁橄榄石水泥石的抗压强度,优选出镁橄榄石粉的最佳掺量;利用渗透率、热重分析(thermo gravimetric analysis,TGA)、X射线衍射(X-Ray diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)进行测试,评价镁橄榄石对油井水泥石抗CO_(2)腐蚀性能的影响,分析镁橄榄石对油井水泥石抗CO_(2)腐蚀的作用机制。【结果】镁橄榄石粉的掺入不会影响油井水泥的流动度,当镁橄榄石粉的质量分数为2%时,对比腐蚀前油井水泥石的,抗压强度提高35.47%,渗透率降低0.0104 m D;腐蚀28 d后,镁橄榄石水泥石的抗压强度为空白水泥石的193.71%,且仍高于腐蚀前。【结论】镁橄榄石是一种抗CO_(2)腐蚀外加剂,能提升油井水泥的抗CO_(2)腐蚀性能。
