The deterioration of recycled fibers especially unbleached kraft with high wet strength resin content due to the irreversible structural changes caused by drying and added chemicals makes the raw material difficult to...The deterioration of recycled fibers especially unbleached kraft with high wet strength resin content due to the irreversible structural changes caused by drying and added chemicals makes the raw material difficult to repulp.The mechanical effect in the pulper over time with chemical treatment has a negative impact on the recycled fibers.At lab scale,different compositions of enzymatic treatment C022L were under investigation to select the most efficient laccase Lacc1,Lacc2 or Lacc3 and to observe the impact of lipases during repulping at low and high consistencies.Pulp disintegration at different times was evaluated to define the level of rejects and to analyze the morphology of fibers after treatments.These results were more significant for Lacc2,by increasing the pulp consistency to 15%in the pulper.Combining lipases with CELODASE 022L appeared to decrease the efficiency of enzymes.The results showed a high reduction of energy power with the enzymatic treatment and a significant reduction of fines level in fibers’suspension.The most efficient version of C022L was used at industrial scale to compare directly with the standard conditions used in a paper mill.展开更多
The recycling of wet strength papers in a normal recycling mill is often troublesome due to the severe operating conditions required to defibre wet strength papers. The various methods are presented which will quickly...The recycling of wet strength papers in a normal recycling mill is often troublesome due to the severe operating conditions required to defibre wet strength papers. The various methods are presented which will quickly allow mills to determine the most effective pulping aids to use when repulping wet strength papers. The repulping of wet strength paper with inorganic chemicals was investigated in the laboratory. The effects of major variables, that is, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking time, temperature, and reactant concentration in the repulping stage were examined using Plackett-Burman design. The repulping time was the most crucial & influential process variable affecting repulping characteristic and formation related properties. The more significant repulping process variables affecting pulp yield were repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency whereas for formation index and feature size, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking temperature and time were the more important variables. The formation index is increased by an increase in repulping time, pulp consistency and soaking time whereas the feature size is decreased by an increase in repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency. The formation index and the rejects were more sensitive to changes in process variables than were the feature size or the pulp yield. The pulp recycled from wet strength waste paper had good physical strength properties.展开更多
Optimum applied technical conditions of wet strength agent for kenaf mulch were studied in this article. Breaking length, wet-dry strength ratio, tear index and burst index of kenaf mulch were measured and optimum wet...Optimum applied technical conditions of wet strength agent for kenaf mulch were studied in this article. Breaking length, wet-dry strength ratio, tear index and burst index of kenaf mulch were measured and optimum wet strength agent was selected. The aim is to make mulch have properties of heat preservation, humidity preservation, growth prompting, biodegradation and maximum wet strength and to improve impact resistance of mulch to rainwater so as to assure growth of plant and replace plastic film.展开更多
In this work, melamine-formaldehyde resin was cationized by adding modifiers so that the fibers closely bonded to improve their usability and the wet strength of paper was greatly improved. Triethanolamine and dimethy...In this work, melamine-formaldehyde resin was cationized by adding modifiers so that the fibers closely bonded to improve their usability and the wet strength of paper was greatly improved. Triethanolamine and dimethylamine were added to modify the melamine-formaldehyde resin,respectively.The mechanism of the cationized resin was explored and the possible chemical reactions were deduced. It was concluded that,with the use of triethanolamine,the most optimum product was obtained by hydroxymethylation for 30 min with a temperature of 85℃ and p H of 9. 0 where n( melamine) ∶ n( formaldehyde) ∶ n( methanol) ∶ n( triethanolamine) was 100 ∶ 330 ∶ 450 ∶ 15. With the combined use of dimethylamine and methanol,the optimal product was acquired by condensation for 30 min at a temperature of 50℃ and p H of 2. 0 at melamine, formaldehyde, methanol, and dimethylamine molar ratio of100∶ 330∶ 350∶ 20. With the only use of dimethylamine,the optimal product was obtained by condensation at melamine,formaldehyde,dimethylamine molar ratio of 100∶ 330∶ 10. The wet tensile strength of fruit-bagging paper was improved by adding cationized melamine-formaldehyde resin. The zeta potential,charge density,and conductivity of the melamine-formaldehyde resin were also studied.展开更多
文摘The deterioration of recycled fibers especially unbleached kraft with high wet strength resin content due to the irreversible structural changes caused by drying and added chemicals makes the raw material difficult to repulp.The mechanical effect in the pulper over time with chemical treatment has a negative impact on the recycled fibers.At lab scale,different compositions of enzymatic treatment C022L were under investigation to select the most efficient laccase Lacc1,Lacc2 or Lacc3 and to observe the impact of lipases during repulping at low and high consistencies.Pulp disintegration at different times was evaluated to define the level of rejects and to analyze the morphology of fibers after treatments.These results were more significant for Lacc2,by increasing the pulp consistency to 15%in the pulper.Combining lipases with CELODASE 022L appeared to decrease the efficiency of enzymes.The results showed a high reduction of energy power with the enzymatic treatment and a significant reduction of fines level in fibers’suspension.The most efficient version of C022L was used at industrial scale to compare directly with the standard conditions used in a paper mill.
文摘The recycling of wet strength papers in a normal recycling mill is often troublesome due to the severe operating conditions required to defibre wet strength papers. The various methods are presented which will quickly allow mills to determine the most effective pulping aids to use when repulping wet strength papers. The repulping of wet strength paper with inorganic chemicals was investigated in the laboratory. The effects of major variables, that is, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking time, temperature, and reactant concentration in the repulping stage were examined using Plackett-Burman design. The repulping time was the most crucial & influential process variable affecting repulping characteristic and formation related properties. The more significant repulping process variables affecting pulp yield were repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency whereas for formation index and feature size, repulping time, pulp consistency, soaking temperature and time were the more important variables. The formation index is increased by an increase in repulping time, pulp consistency and soaking time whereas the feature size is decreased by an increase in repulping time, soaking temperature and pulp consistency. The formation index and the rejects were more sensitive to changes in process variables than were the feature size or the pulp yield. The pulp recycled from wet strength waste paper had good physical strength properties.
文摘Optimum applied technical conditions of wet strength agent for kenaf mulch were studied in this article. Breaking length, wet-dry strength ratio, tear index and burst index of kenaf mulch were measured and optimum wet strength agent was selected. The aim is to make mulch have properties of heat preservation, humidity preservation, growth prompting, biodegradation and maximum wet strength and to improve impact resistance of mulch to rainwater so as to assure growth of plant and replace plastic film.
文摘In this work, melamine-formaldehyde resin was cationized by adding modifiers so that the fibers closely bonded to improve their usability and the wet strength of paper was greatly improved. Triethanolamine and dimethylamine were added to modify the melamine-formaldehyde resin,respectively.The mechanism of the cationized resin was explored and the possible chemical reactions were deduced. It was concluded that,with the use of triethanolamine,the most optimum product was obtained by hydroxymethylation for 30 min with a temperature of 85℃ and p H of 9. 0 where n( melamine) ∶ n( formaldehyde) ∶ n( methanol) ∶ n( triethanolamine) was 100 ∶ 330 ∶ 450 ∶ 15. With the combined use of dimethylamine and methanol,the optimal product was acquired by condensation for 30 min at a temperature of 50℃ and p H of 2. 0 at melamine, formaldehyde, methanol, and dimethylamine molar ratio of100∶ 330∶ 350∶ 20. With the only use of dimethylamine,the optimal product was obtained by condensation at melamine,formaldehyde,dimethylamine molar ratio of 100∶ 330∶ 10. The wet tensile strength of fruit-bagging paper was improved by adding cationized melamine-formaldehyde resin. The zeta potential,charge density,and conductivity of the melamine-formaldehyde resin were also studied.
