According to conventional theory, little genomic changes should occur in homozygous and stable amphiploids of the grass family, particularly those involving polyploid wheat as a parent. In the present study, however, ...According to conventional theory, little genomic changes should occur in homozygous and stable amphiploids of the grass family, particularly those involving polyploid wheat as a parent. In the present study, however, extensive genomic changes were detected in two octoploid partial amphiploids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)_wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host) P.B.=Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski=Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and Dewey), namely Zhong 3 and Zhong 5, by RFLP analysis using 10 low_copy, wheat chromosome_specific sequences and 33 representative homoeologous group_specific sequences as probes. Genomic changes involved loss of wheat hybridization fragment(s) and/or acquisition of new fragment(s). Uniformity of the RFLP patterns among 5 individual plants taken respectively from Zhong 3 and Zhong 5 in two successive generations, suggested that genomic changes probably had occurred in the early few generations after octoploid amphiploid formation, and remained essentially static thereafter. The highly similar RFLP patterns between Zhong 3 and Zhong 5, which had identical genomic constitution but differed from each other due to involvement of different wheat varieties as parents imply that genomic changes were probably not at random. Possible causes for the extensive and rapid genomic changes in the newly formed plant amphiploids, as well as their implications for polyploid genome evolution and breeding application are discussed.展开更多
The plants of hybrid wheatgrass （A. cristatum×A. desertorum cv. Hycrest-Mengnong） were directly induced from embryogenic callus regenerated from immature inflorescence. Immature inflorescence was cultured on im...The plants of hybrid wheatgrass （A. cristatum×A. desertorum cv. Hycrest-Mengnong） were directly induced from embryogenic callus regenerated from immature inflorescence. Immature inflorescence was cultured on improved MS medium containing 2.0-3.0 mg L^-1 2,4-D to regenerate callus. The calli were then transferred to hormone-free MS medium for differentiation and 1/2 MS medium for rooting. Results showed that callus initiation frequency was 83.4% and plant regeneration frequency was 59.6%. Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase （bar） gene was transformed into the hybrid wheatgrass by particle bombardment. Resistant callus was obtained using selecting agent, herbicide glufosinate of 0.5 mg L^-1, and some transgenic plants were recovered in vitro. The transgenic plants were identified by PCR and Southern blot analysis and these plants developed normally in the glufosinate medium, whereas the nontransgenic plants did not. The results demonstrated that bar cDNA integrated into the genomic DNA of the transgenic plants. The transgenic frequencies of bar gene were 1.1%.展开更多
Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat imp...Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat improvement. Many of these desirable traits from Thinopyrum spp. have been used to develop wheat cultivars by introgression breeding. The perennial growth habit of wheatgrasses inherits as a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by many unknown genes. Previous studies have indicated that Thinopyrum spp. are able to hybridize with wheat and produce viable/stable amphiploids or partial amphiploids. Meanwhile, efforts have been made to develop perennial wheat by domestication of Thinopyrum spp. The most promising perennial wheat-Thinopyrum lines can be used as grain and/or forage crops, which combine the desirable traits of both parents. The wheat-Thinopyrum lines can adapt to diverse agricultural systems. This paper summarizes the development of perennial wheat based on Thinopyrum, and the genetic aspects, breeding methods, and perspectives of wheat-Thinopyrum hybrids.展开更多
This paper presents the data from two-year experiments concerning with doses of sewage sludge （0, 7, 14 and 21 ton.ha^-1） and inorganic nitrogen doses （0, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha^-1） from the Municipality of Van, wh...This paper presents the data from two-year experiments concerning with doses of sewage sludge （0, 7, 14 and 21 ton.ha^-1） and inorganic nitrogen doses （0, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha^-1） from the Municipality of Van, which is located at an altitude of 1,725 m of eastern Anatolia in Turkey. A study was conducted to assess two different N sources on sandy-silty-clay soils grown to crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum （L.） Gaertn, grass pasture which had been amended with sewage sludge for two years. Plant tissue and DTPA （diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid） extractable soil nutrient were evaluated; twelve elements were analyzed in the plant tissue and six elements in the soil extract in different soil depths. The research demonstrated that the applications produced increase contents of N, P, Mg, Mn, Zn and Pb in the plant. There was a significant （P 〈 0.01） accumulation of DTPA extractable concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb in the top soil horizon. Also, sewage sludge resulted in 51 folded increase in extractable P in 0-20 cm soil horizon. However, DTPA concentrations of in soil showed that Fe exhibited a significant positive correlation with the concentrations of exchangeable fractions of Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb with the correlation. Positive correlations were also observed between Cu-Mn, Mn-Zn, Mn-Pb, Cu-Zn, Cu-Pb and Zn-Pb concentrations. In the same way, plant uptake of the Mn, Zn and Pb was highly correlated with concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb in the soil. It was concluded that sewage sludge is a valuable source of nutrient and also provides an opportunity to increase soil organic matter.展开更多
Background:Tall wheatgrass is a perennial salt-tolerant bunchgrass,which is a promising candidate for establishing a“Coastal Grass Belt”in China,particularly in the coastal saline–alkaline soils surrounding the Boh...Background:Tall wheatgrass is a perennial salt-tolerant bunchgrass,which is a promising candidate for establishing a“Coastal Grass Belt”in China,particularly in the coastal saline–alkaline soils surrounding the Bohai Sea.Methods:Seven harvesting treatments were performed to explore the optimal harvesting time and frequency for tall wheatgrass in coastal area.The dry matter yield(DMY)and forage nutritional values were investigated for each cut.The correlation between harvesting time and frequency thereof among the investigated traits was also determined.Results:The results showed that the two-cut on June 18 and October 29 produced the highest DMY.Another two-cut on May 26 and October 29 produced a relatively high crude protein(CP)yield.The DMY,contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and crude cellulose(CC)as well as CP yield were positively correlated to plant height,while the CP content and the relative feed value(RFV)were negatively correlated to plant height.The accumulating growing degree days,accumulated precipitation,and sunshine duration were positively correlated with plant height,DMY,contents of NDF,ADF,and CC as well as CP yield,but negatively correlated with CP content and RFV for the first cut.Conclusions:The two-cut treatment at the end of May and October may be suitable for tall wheatgrass in the“Coastal Grass Belt”targeted area.展开更多
Background:Tall fescue(TF)and tall wheatgrass(TW)are the main temperate perennial grasses used for livestock grazing in the Pampas region of Argentina.In this region,pastures based on these grasses show low tiller den...Background:Tall fescue(TF)and tall wheatgrass(TW)are the main temperate perennial grasses used for livestock grazing in the Pampas region of Argentina.In this region,pastures based on these grasses show low tiller density and the presence of bare soil in winter.Methods:An experiment was performed in pots kept outdoors.Plants of TF and TW were cut every 550°C day and 700°C day,respectively.In each species,reproductive tillers were removed at different times:(i)at each cut,(ii)when they reached the flag leaf stage,or(iii)when they reached full bloom.Tiller appearance,tiller death,and type of bud(basal or axillary)of the tillers present were determined.Results:Tiller appearance decreased from July to April.Minimum values were 0.2 and 1.1 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 in TF and TW,respectively.In TF,tiller death began in September–October and increased from 0.2 to 0.8 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 in March–April.In TW,tiller death began in October–November and increased from 0.6 to 0.8–1.0 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 from February to April.Conclusions:Defoliation of reproductive tillers affected the tiller density of TF plants in spring and in the following fall.In TW,the treatments did not modify the tiller density of the plants.展开更多
Argentina is the country with the highest proportion of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in Latin America.In the rangelands of Southwestern Buenos Aires(Patagones Department),there is a clear advancement of the agricultu...Argentina is the country with the highest proportion of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in Latin America.In the rangelands of Southwestern Buenos Aires(Patagones Department),there is a clear advancement of the agricultural frontier to the detriment of the native forest in this region.Due to rainfall variation and seed acquisition,Thinopyrum ponticum is cultivated as a forage perennial crop in this region.Our objective was to evaluate the performance of T.ponticum as a facilitating crop for the medium-term rehabilitation of natural grasslands in semi-arid areas.The working hypotheses were that:1)native perennial grass cover increases over the years and 2)diversity and specific richness of the vegetation are enhanced by the duration of Tall Wheatgrass implantation.Data were collected from commercial plots where T.ponticum was shown:recent implantation(5–8 years,RI);medium implantation(13–15 years,MI);and old implantation(20–22 years,OI).Thirty-four species were identified and classified into seven functional groups:Annual grasses,annual herbs,perennial herbs,exotic perennial herbs,perennial forage grasses,exotic perennial forage grasses,perennial forage exotic grasses,and nonforage perennial grasses.Thinopyrum ponticum’s total cover was between RI and OI.Total cover,species richness,and Shannon-Weaver diversity index showed no differences among treatments.Perennial forage grasses exhibited higher cover values in sites with greater implantation age and annual grasses showed the opposite response.Our results indicated that T.ponticum does not invade the sampled plots and enhances the colonization of the planted plots by perennial forage native species.However,even though the herbaceous cover had been recovered,the woody layer which could provide environmental services and specific values for conservation was not.展开更多
The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n=44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric.However,in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had become...The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n=44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric.However,in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomes in the two morphologically different plants.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)technique was used to analyze the two different plants.The observations indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one variation line are from wheatgrass.In another variation line,a pair of small chromosomes are also from wheatgrass,while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes.TAI 27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDV).The possible explanation for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly.展开更多
The procedure and method for the transfer of two sets of 14 pairs of wheatgrass (Agropyron interrnedium) chromosomes into common wheat to establish two sets of wheat-wheatgrass alien addition lines are reported. Meanw...The procedure and method for the transfer of two sets of 14 pairs of wheatgrass (Agropyron interrnedium) chromosomes into common wheat to establish two sets of wheat-wheatgrass alien addition lines are reported. Meanwhile, observations and analyses have been made on the phenotypicaI characters of all the 14 alien addition lines established. It is determined that wheatgrass chromosomes in some of the established addition lines carry the rustresistant genes. In addition, questions concerning the location and distribution of certain agriculturally important genes of wheatgrass chromosomes have been discussed.展开更多
For sustainable plant drinks production,the biorefinery concept of obtained press cakes(PC)using ultrasonication,mechanical separation,and ultra-filtration was designed in Fraunhofer UMSICHT(Germany).In this study obt...For sustainable plant drinks production,the biorefinery concept of obtained press cakes(PC)using ultrasonication,mechanical separation,and ultra-filtration was designed in Fraunhofer UMSICHT(Germany).In this study obtained permeates,as wastes after ultrafiltration of PC(soyabeans,almonds,coconut,oats,and rice)were analyzed and their bio-stimulatory effect on the growth of wheatgrass in vivo was investigated.Permeates with higher soluble protein content(soy,almonds,and coconut)resulted in a significant increase in germination parameters(germination percentage(GP),length of stem and root as well as biomass of stem and root increased on averge by 8.3%,15.8%,9.2%,2.22 times and 1.8 times,respectively)compared to the control treatment.Additionally,the fermentation using antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria(LAB)strains(Lactobacillus brevis LUHS173,Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS236 and Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206)was applied for bio-treatment of permeates.The efficiency of fermentation process was evaluated on the changes of pH,TTA,LAB growth kinetics and lactic acid and its isomers production.Furthermore,the antifungal activity of selected fermented products against fungi(Fusarium graminearum F,F.graminearum,and F.culmorum)was determined.It was found that the highest antifungal activity(18.0 mm and 16.5 mm,respectively)was obtained by 48 h fermentation of permeates from grain press cake(oats and rice),containing the most reducing saccharides,and they significantly improved the germination of contaminated grains.Innovations in the sustainable production of plant-origin drinks enable to implementation of new,environmentally friendly technologies in food sector.展开更多
文摘According to conventional theory, little genomic changes should occur in homozygous and stable amphiploids of the grass family, particularly those involving polyploid wheat as a parent. In the present study, however, extensive genomic changes were detected in two octoploid partial amphiploids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)_wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium (Host) P.B.=Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski=Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and Dewey), namely Zhong 3 and Zhong 5, by RFLP analysis using 10 low_copy, wheat chromosome_specific sequences and 33 representative homoeologous group_specific sequences as probes. Genomic changes involved loss of wheat hybridization fragment(s) and/or acquisition of new fragment(s). Uniformity of the RFLP patterns among 5 individual plants taken respectively from Zhong 3 and Zhong 5 in two successive generations, suggested that genomic changes probably had occurred in the early few generations after octoploid amphiploid formation, and remained essentially static thereafter. The highly similar RFLP patterns between Zhong 3 and Zhong 5, which had identical genomic constitution but differed from each other due to involvement of different wheat varieties as parents imply that genomic changes were probably not at random. Possible causes for the extensive and rapid genomic changes in the newly formed plant amphiploids, as well as their implications for polyploid genome evolution and breeding application are discussed.
文摘The plants of hybrid wheatgrass （A. cristatum×A. desertorum cv. Hycrest-Mengnong） were directly induced from embryogenic callus regenerated from immature inflorescence. Immature inflorescence was cultured on improved MS medium containing 2.0-3.0 mg L^-1 2,4-D to regenerate callus. The calli were then transferred to hormone-free MS medium for differentiation and 1/2 MS medium for rooting. Results showed that callus initiation frequency was 83.4% and plant regeneration frequency was 59.6%. Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase （bar） gene was transformed into the hybrid wheatgrass by particle bombardment. Resistant callus was obtained using selecting agent, herbicide glufosinate of 0.5 mg L^-1, and some transgenic plants were recovered in vitro. The transgenic plants were identified by PCR and Southern blot analysis and these plants developed normally in the glufosinate medium, whereas the nontransgenic plants did not. The results demonstrated that bar cDNA integrated into the genomic DNA of the transgenic plants. The transgenic frequencies of bar gene were 1.1%.
基金Financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development Project （2017YFD0101002）, the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province （201601 D021128）, the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences （YBSJJ1808）, the CAAS Innovation Team （CAAS-GJHZ201700X）, and the National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding is gratefully appreciated.
文摘Wheatgrasses （Thinopyrum spp.）, which are relatives of wheat （Triticum aestivum L）, have a perennial growth habit and offer resistance to a diversity of biotic and abiotic stresses, making them useful in wheat improvement. Many of these desirable traits from Thinopyrum spp. have been used to develop wheat cultivars by introgression breeding. The perennial growth habit of wheatgrasses inherits as a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by many unknown genes. Previous studies have indicated that Thinopyrum spp. are able to hybridize with wheat and produce viable/stable amphiploids or partial amphiploids. Meanwhile, efforts have been made to develop perennial wheat by domestication of Thinopyrum spp. The most promising perennial wheat-Thinopyrum lines can be used as grain and/or forage crops, which combine the desirable traits of both parents. The wheat-Thinopyrum lines can adapt to diverse agricultural systems. This paper summarizes the development of perennial wheat based on Thinopyrum, and the genetic aspects, breeding methods, and perspectives of wheat-Thinopyrum hybrids.
文摘This paper presents the data from two-year experiments concerning with doses of sewage sludge （0, 7, 14 and 21 ton.ha^-1） and inorganic nitrogen doses （0, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha^-1） from the Municipality of Van, which is located at an altitude of 1,725 m of eastern Anatolia in Turkey. A study was conducted to assess two different N sources on sandy-silty-clay soils grown to crested wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum （L.） Gaertn, grass pasture which had been amended with sewage sludge for two years. Plant tissue and DTPA （diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid） extractable soil nutrient were evaluated; twelve elements were analyzed in the plant tissue and six elements in the soil extract in different soil depths. The research demonstrated that the applications produced increase contents of N, P, Mg, Mn, Zn and Pb in the plant. There was a significant （P 〈 0.01） accumulation of DTPA extractable concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb in the top soil horizon. Also, sewage sludge resulted in 51 folded increase in extractable P in 0-20 cm soil horizon. However, DTPA concentrations of in soil showed that Fe exhibited a significant positive correlation with the concentrations of exchangeable fractions of Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb with the correlation. Positive correlations were also observed between Cu-Mn, Mn-Zn, Mn-Pb, Cu-Zn, Cu-Pb and Zn-Pb concentrations. In the same way, plant uptake of the Mn, Zn and Pb was highly correlated with concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb in the soil. It was concluded that sewage sludge is a valuable source of nutrient and also provides an opportunity to increase soil organic matter.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant/Award Number:XDA26040105。
文摘Background:Tall wheatgrass is a perennial salt-tolerant bunchgrass,which is a promising candidate for establishing a“Coastal Grass Belt”in China,particularly in the coastal saline–alkaline soils surrounding the Bohai Sea.Methods:Seven harvesting treatments were performed to explore the optimal harvesting time and frequency for tall wheatgrass in coastal area.The dry matter yield(DMY)and forage nutritional values were investigated for each cut.The correlation between harvesting time and frequency thereof among the investigated traits was also determined.Results:The results showed that the two-cut on June 18 and October 29 produced the highest DMY.Another two-cut on May 26 and October 29 produced a relatively high crude protein(CP)yield.The DMY,contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and crude cellulose(CC)as well as CP yield were positively correlated to plant height,while the CP content and the relative feed value(RFV)were negatively correlated to plant height.The accumulating growing degree days,accumulated precipitation,and sunshine duration were positively correlated with plant height,DMY,contents of NDF,ADF,and CC as well as CP yield,but negatively correlated with CP content and RFV for the first cut.Conclusions:The two-cut treatment at the end of May and October may be suitable for tall wheatgrass in the“Coastal Grass Belt”targeted area.
基金Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires,Grant/Award Number:UNNOBA 3081/2013。
文摘Background:Tall fescue(TF)and tall wheatgrass(TW)are the main temperate perennial grasses used for livestock grazing in the Pampas region of Argentina.In this region,pastures based on these grasses show low tiller density and the presence of bare soil in winter.Methods:An experiment was performed in pots kept outdoors.Plants of TF and TW were cut every 550°C day and 700°C day,respectively.In each species,reproductive tillers were removed at different times:(i)at each cut,(ii)when they reached the flag leaf stage,or(iii)when they reached full bloom.Tiller appearance,tiller death,and type of bud(basal or axillary)of the tillers present were determined.Results:Tiller appearance decreased from July to April.Minimum values were 0.2 and 1.1 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 in TF and TW,respectively.In TF,tiller death began in September–October and increased from 0.2 to 0.8 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 in March–April.In TW,tiller death began in October–November and increased from 0.6 to 0.8–1.0 tillers 100 tillers−1 day−1 from February to April.Conclusions:Defoliation of reproductive tillers affected the tiller density of TF plants in spring and in the following fall.In TW,the treatments did not modify the tiller density of the plants.
基金supported by the National University of Río Negro(PI UNRN 40-C-873 GP,DAS and PI UNRN 40-C-1088 JMZ,GP,DAS).
文摘Argentina is the country with the highest proportion of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in Latin America.In the rangelands of Southwestern Buenos Aires(Patagones Department),there is a clear advancement of the agricultural frontier to the detriment of the native forest in this region.Due to rainfall variation and seed acquisition,Thinopyrum ponticum is cultivated as a forage perennial crop in this region.Our objective was to evaluate the performance of T.ponticum as a facilitating crop for the medium-term rehabilitation of natural grasslands in semi-arid areas.The working hypotheses were that:1)native perennial grass cover increases over the years and 2)diversity and specific richness of the vegetation are enhanced by the duration of Tall Wheatgrass implantation.Data were collected from commercial plots where T.ponticum was shown:recent implantation(5–8 years,RI);medium implantation(13–15 years,MI);and old implantation(20–22 years,OI).Thirty-four species were identified and classified into seven functional groups:Annual grasses,annual herbs,perennial herbs,exotic perennial herbs,perennial forage grasses,exotic perennial forage grasses,perennial forage exotic grasses,and nonforage perennial grasses.Thinopyrum ponticum’s total cover was between RI and OI.Total cover,species richness,and Shannon-Weaver diversity index showed no differences among treatments.Perennial forage grasses exhibited higher cover values in sites with greater implantation age and annual grasses showed the opposite response.Our results indicated that T.ponticum does not invade the sampled plots and enhances the colonization of the planted plots by perennial forage native species.However,even though the herbaceous cover had been recovered,the woody layer which could provide environmental services and specific values for conservation was not.
文摘The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n=44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric.However,in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomes in the two morphologically different plants.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)technique was used to analyze the two different plants.The observations indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one variation line are from wheatgrass.In another variation line,a pair of small chromosomes are also from wheatgrass,while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes.TAI 27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDV).The possible explanation for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly.
文摘The procedure and method for the transfer of two sets of 14 pairs of wheatgrass (Agropyron interrnedium) chromosomes into common wheat to establish two sets of wheat-wheatgrass alien addition lines are reported. Meanwhile, observations and analyses have been made on the phenotypicaI characters of all the 14 alien addition lines established. It is determined that wheatgrass chromosomes in some of the established addition lines carry the rustresistant genes. In addition, questions concerning the location and distribution of certain agriculturally important genes of wheatgrass chromosomes have been discussed.
基金This research was supported in part by the ERA-NET project DISCOVERY:“Disaggregation of conventional vegetable press cakes by novel techniques to receive new products and to increase the yield”.Project code SUSFOOD2-ID:101.This work is also based upon the work from COST Action 18101 SOURDOMICS-Sourdough biotechnology network towards novel,healthier and sustainable food and bioprocesses(http s://sourdomics.com/https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA18101/),where the author J.M.F.R.is the Chair and Grant Holder Scientific Representative,the author E.B.is vice-chair and leader of the working group 6“Project design and development innovative prototypes of products and small-scale processing technologies”,the author G.J.is leader of the working group 3“Design and development sourdough starter cultures for breadmaking and other agri-food products”and the author F.¨O.is the leader of the working group 8“Food safety,health promoting,sensorial perception and consumers’behaviour”,and is supported by COST(European Cooperation in Science and Technology)(https://www.cost.eu/).COST is a funding agency for research and innovation networks.Regarding the author J.M.F.R.,this work was also financially supported by:(i)Base Funding-UIDB/00511/2020 of the Laboratory for Process Engineering,Environment,Biotechnology and Energy-LEPABE-funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES(PIDDAC)(ii)Project PTDC/EQU-EQU/28101/2017-SAFEGOAL-Safer Synthetic Turf Pitches with Infill of Rubber Crumb from Recycled Tires,funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizaç˜ao(POCI)and by national funds(PIDDAC)through FCT/MCTES.
文摘For sustainable plant drinks production,the biorefinery concept of obtained press cakes(PC)using ultrasonication,mechanical separation,and ultra-filtration was designed in Fraunhofer UMSICHT(Germany).In this study obtained permeates,as wastes after ultrafiltration of PC(soyabeans,almonds,coconut,oats,and rice)were analyzed and their bio-stimulatory effect on the growth of wheatgrass in vivo was investigated.Permeates with higher soluble protein content(soy,almonds,and coconut)resulted in a significant increase in germination parameters(germination percentage(GP),length of stem and root as well as biomass of stem and root increased on averge by 8.3%,15.8%,9.2%,2.22 times and 1.8 times,respectively)compared to the control treatment.Additionally,the fermentation using antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria(LAB)strains(Lactobacillus brevis LUHS173,Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS236 and Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206)was applied for bio-treatment of permeates.The efficiency of fermentation process was evaluated on the changes of pH,TTA,LAB growth kinetics and lactic acid and its isomers production.Furthermore,the antifungal activity of selected fermented products against fungi(Fusarium graminearum F,F.graminearum,and F.culmorum)was determined.It was found that the highest antifungal activity(18.0 mm and 16.5 mm,respectively)was obtained by 48 h fermentation of permeates from grain press cake(oats and rice),containing the most reducing saccharides,and they significantly improved the germination of contaminated grains.Innovations in the sustainable production of plant-origin drinks enable to implementation of new,environmentally friendly technologies in food sector.
