Real drive cycles analysis by ordered power methodology applied to fuel consumption,C0_(2),NO_(x) and PM emissions estimation

In this work three fuel consumption and exhaust emission models,ADVISOR,VT-MICRO and the European Environmental Agency Emission factors,have been used to obtain fuel consumption(FC)and exhaust emissions.These models have been used at micro-scale,using the two signal treatment methods presented.The manuscript presents:1)a methodology to collect data in real urban driving cycles,2)an estimation of FC and tailpipe emissions using some available models in literature,and 3)a novel analysis of the results based on delivered wheel power.The results include Fuel Consumption(FC),CO_(2),NO_(x) and PM_(10) emissions,which are derived from the three simulators.In the first part of the paper we present a new procedure for incomplete drive cycle data treatment,which is necessary for real drive cycle acquisition in high density cities.Then the models are used to obtain second by second FC and exhaust emissions.Finally,a new methodology named Cycle Analysis by Ordered Power(CAbOP)is presented and used to compare the results.This method consists in the re-ordering of time dependant data,considering the wheel mechanical power domain instead of the standard time domain.This new strategy allows the 5 situations in drive cycles to be clearly visualized:hard breaking zone,slowdowns,idle or stop zone,sustained speed zone and acceleration zone.The complete methodology is applied in two real drive cycles surveyed in Barcelona(Spain)and the results are compared with a standardized WLTC urban cycle.

Fuel economy of multiple conditions self-adaptive tractors with hydro-mechanical CVT

Fuel economy is one of the most important properties of wheeled tractors.To improve the fuel economy,it is necessary to improve the engine fuel economy and the tractive efficiency of the driving mechanism.By analyzing the fuel economy evaluation index of wheeled tractors,the correlation among the tractor specific fuel consumption,the engine effective specific fuel consumption and the tractive efficiency of the driving mechanism were clarified in this paper.A tractor with a new type of hydro-mechanical continuously variable transmission(HMCVT)was designed and its whole model was established too.On the basis of each module’s simulation model,the binary speed ratio matching simulation model of the gearbox-engine system was obtained by the control system reconstruction,and the fuel economy simulation analysis of the wheeled tractor with HMCVT was carried out under the two typical working conditions of plowing and sowing.Compared with the current national standard,the fuel economy of the newly designed wheeled tractors with the power of 130 kW was 380 g/(kW·h),specific fuel consumption was reduced by 21.1%.The results showed that the new tractor fuel economy was greatly improved.Further,automatic navigation technology can be combined with the self-adaptive tractors to adapt to different working conditions and achieve the optimal fuel economy,which can be applied in precision agriculture.