Animal skin is generally preferred to evaluate the efficacy and safety:several animal models have been used,e.g.,the guinea pig,the mouse,and the zebrafish.The epidermis of guinea pigs displays a moderate number of me...Animal skin is generally preferred to evaluate the efficacy and safety:several animal models have been used,e.g.,the guinea pig,the mouse,and the zebrafish.The epidermis of guinea pigs displays a moderate number of melanocytes and melanosomes distributed in a similar way to human skin.Guinea pig and human skins have given the close morphologic and functional similarities(similar epidermis thickness,similar epidermal cells turnover time,etc.).The zebrafish presents several advantages,including easy maintenance and handling of the animals,short generation times,and high efficiency of drug penetration through the skin.To establish the animal model and to assess whitening efficacy and safety for whitening products.展开更多
A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of six phenolic whitening agents, including arbutin, phenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, kojic acid, and salicylic acid in cosmetics has been developed using micellar el...A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of six phenolic whitening agents, including arbutin, phenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, kojic acid, and salicylic acid in cosmetics has been developed using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with amperometric detection （MECC-AD）. Effects of several factors, such as the pH value and concentration of running buffer, potential applied to the working electrode, separation voltage, and injection time were investigated to obtain optimum conditions for separation and detection. With a 75 cm long fused-silica capillary tube, well-defined separation of six phenolic compounds was achieved in 10 mmol/L SDS/40 mmol/L H3BO3-Na2B407 running buffer （pH 9.0）. Good linear relationship was obtained for each analyte over three orders of magnitude with correlation coefficients （r2） between 0.9985 and 0.9994, and the detection limit （S/N = 3） ranged from 0.04 p^g/mL to 0.45 p^g/mL. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of phenolic whitening agents in real cosmetic samples with satisfactory results, providing an alternative monitoring method for cosmetics safety regulation.展开更多
文摘Animal skin is generally preferred to evaluate the efficacy and safety:several animal models have been used,e.g.,the guinea pig,the mouse,and the zebrafish.The epidermis of guinea pigs displays a moderate number of melanocytes and melanosomes distributed in a similar way to human skin.Guinea pig and human skins have given the close morphologic and functional similarities(similar epidermis thickness,similar epidermal cells turnover time,etc.).The zebrafish presents several advantages,including easy maintenance and handling of the animals,short generation times,and high efficiency of drug penetration through the skin.To establish the animal model and to assess whitening efficacy and safety for whitening products.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21205042)the Special Funds for the Development of Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment(No. 2011YQ15007205)
文摘A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of six phenolic whitening agents, including arbutin, phenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, kojic acid, and salicylic acid in cosmetics has been developed using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with amperometric detection （MECC-AD）. Effects of several factors, such as the pH value and concentration of running buffer, potential applied to the working electrode, separation voltage, and injection time were investigated to obtain optimum conditions for separation and detection. With a 75 cm long fused-silica capillary tube, well-defined separation of six phenolic compounds was achieved in 10 mmol/L SDS/40 mmol/L H3BO3-Na2B407 running buffer （pH 9.0）. Good linear relationship was obtained for each analyte over three orders of magnitude with correlation coefficients （r2） between 0.9985 and 0.9994, and the detection limit （S/N = 3） ranged from 0.04 p^g/mL to 0.45 p^g/mL. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of phenolic whitening agents in real cosmetic samples with satisfactory results, providing an alternative monitoring method for cosmetics safety regulation.
