长三角城市群经济韧性测度与分析——基于Shift-Share的经济韧性分解

以长三角城市群27个城市为研究对象,测度2008—2010年抵抗期和2010—2019年恢复期城市群经济韧性水平,并进一步运用Shift-Share分解方法探索长三角城市群经济韧性内在影响机制。研究显示:抵抗期和恢复期中长三角城市群经济韧性均值分别为0.309和0.301,均强于全国层面经济韧性水平;Shift-Share分解后发现竞争力分量对各城市经济韧性水平提升起到决定性作用,抵抗期阶段主要由第二、三产业共同作用影响经济韧性水平;恢复期阶段则以第二产业竞争力为主导力量,同时以第三产业竞争力作为辅助力量。通过实证探究长三角城市群经济一体化发展的规律和特点,为增强中国经济韧性提出相关建议,助力中国经济高质量发展。

High-Precision Doppler Frequency Estimation Based Positioning Using OTFS Modulations by Red and Blue Frequency Shift Discriminator

Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space(OTFS) modulation is expected to provide high-speed and ultra-reliable communications for emerging mobile applications, including low-orbit satellite communications. Using the Doppler frequency for positioning is a promising research direction on communication and navigation integration. To tackle the high Doppler frequency and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in satellite communication, this paper proposes a Red and Blue Frequency Shift Discriminator(RBFSD) based on the pseudo-noise(PN) sequence.The paper derives that the cross-correlation function on the Doppler domain exhibits the characteristic of a Sinc function. Therefore, it applies modulation onto the Delay-Doppler domain using PN sequence and adjusts Doppler frequency estimation by red-shifting or blue-shifting. Simulation results show that the performance of Doppler frequency estimation is close to the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound when the SNR is greater than -15dB. The proposed algorithm is about 1/D times less complex than the existing PN pilot sequence algorithm, where D is the resolution of the fractional Doppler.

THE PERSISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS IN A NONLOCAL PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH A SHIFTING HABITAT

In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.

Tunable spectral continuous shift of high-order harmonic generation in atoms by a plasmon-assisted shaping pulse

We delve into the phenomenon of high-order harmonic generation within a helium atom under the influence of a plasmon-assisted shaping pulse.Our findings reveal an intriguing manipulation of the frequency peak position in the harmonic emission by adjusting the absolute phase parameter within the frequency domain of the shaping pulse.This phenomenon holds potential significance for experimental setups necessitating precisely tuned single harmonics.Notably,we observe a modulated shift in the created harmonic photon energy,spanning an impressive range of 1.2 eV.This frequency peak shift is rooted in the asymmetry exhibited by the rising and falling edges of the laser pulse,directly influencing the position of the peak frequency emission.Our study quantifies the dependence of this tuning range and the asymmetry of the laser pulse,offering valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving this phenomenon.Furthermore,our investigation uncovers the emergence of semi-integer order harmonics as the phase parameter is altered.We attribute this discovery to the intricate interference between harmonics generated by the primary and secondary return cores.This observation introduces an innovative approach for generating semi-integer order harmonics,thus expanding our understanding of high-order harmonic generation.Ultimately,our work contributes to the broader comprehension of complex phenomena in laser-matter interactions and provides a foundation for harnessing these effects in various applications,particularly those involving precise spectral control and the generation of unique harmonic patterns.

Strong metal-support interactions between highly dispersed Cu^(+) species and ceria via mix-MOF pyrolysis toward promoted water-gas shift reaction

The modulation of metal-support interfacial interaction is significant but challenging in the design of high-efficiency and high-stability supported catalysts.Here,we report a synthetic strategy to upgrade Cu-CeO_(2)interfacial interaction by the pyrolysis of mixed metal-organic framework(MOF)structure.The obtained highly dispersed Cu/CeO_(2)-MOF catalyst via this strategy was used to catalyze water-gas shift reaction(WGSR),which exhibited high activity of 40.5μmolCOgcat^(-1).s^(-1)at 300℃and high stability of about 120 h.Based on comprehensive studies of electronic structure,pyrolysis strategy has significant effect on enhancing metal-support interaction and then stabilizing interfacial Cu^(+)species under reaction conditions.Abundant Cu^(+)species and generated oxygen vacancies over Cu/CeO_(2)-MOF catalyst played a key role in CO molecule activation and H2O molecule dissociation,respectively.Both collaborated closely and then promoted WGSR catalytic performance in comparison with traditio nal supported catalysts.This study shall offer a robust approach to harvest highly dispersed catalysts with finely-tuned metal-support interactions for stabilizing the most interfacial active metal species in diverse heterogeneous catalytic reactions.

High-order Bragg forward scattering and frequency shift of low-frequency underwater acoustic field by moving rough sea surface

Acoustic scattering modulation caused by an undulating sea surface on the space-time dimension seriously affects underwater detection and target recognition.Herein,underwater acoustic scattering modulation from a moving rough sea surface is studied based on integral equation and parabolic equation.And with the principles of grating and constructive interference,the mechanism of this acoustic scattering modulation is explained.The periodicity of the interference of moving rough sea surface will lead to the interference of the scattering field at a series of discrete angles,which will form comb-like and frequency-shift characteristics on the intensity and the frequency spectrum of the acoustic scattering field,respectively,which is a high-order Bragg scattering phenomenon.Unlike the conventional Doppler effect,the frequency shifts of the Bragg scattering phenomenon are multiples of the undulating sea surface frequency and are independent of the incident sound wave frequency.Therefore,even if a low-frequency underwater acoustic field is incident,it will produce obvious frequency shifts.Moreover,under the action of ideal sinusoidal waves,swells,fully grown wind waves,unsteady wind waves,or mixed waves,different moving rough sea surfaces create different acoustic scattering processes and possess different frequency shift characteristics.For the swell wave,which tends to be a single harmonic wave,the moving rough sea surface produces more obvious high-order scattering and frequency shifts.The same phenomena are observed on the sea surface under fully grown wind waves,however,the frequency shift slightly offsets the multiple peak frequencies of the wind wave spectrum.Comparing with the swell and fully-grown wind waves,the acoustic scattering and frequency shift are not obvious for the sea surface under unsteady wind waves.

Climate-change habitat shifts for the vulnerable endemic oak species(Quercus arkansana Sarg.)

Quercus arkansana(Arkansas oak)is at risk of becoming endangered,as the total known population size is represented by a few isolated populations.The potential impact of climate change on this species in the near future is high,yet knowledge of its predicted effects is limited.Our study utilized the biomod2 R package to develop habi-tat suitability ensemble models based on bioclimatic and topographic environmental variables and the known loca-tions of current distribution of Q.arkansana.We predicted suitable habitats across three climate change scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)for 2050,2070,and 2090.Our findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for Q.arkansana is approximately 127,881 km^(2) across seven states(Texas,Arkansas,Alabama,Louisiana,Mississippi,Georgia,and Florida);approximately 9.5%is encompassed within state and federally managed protected areas.Our models predict that all current suitable habitats will disap-pear by 2050 due to climate change,resulting in a northward shift into new regions such as Tennessee and Kentucky.The large extent of suitable habitat outside protected areas sug-gests that a species-specific action plan incorporating pro-tected areas and other areas may be crucial for its conserva-tion.Moreover,protection of Q.arkansana habitat against climate change may require locally and regionally focused conservation policies,adaptive management strategies,and educational outreach among local people.

What induced the trend shift of mixed-layer depths in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region in the mid-1980s?

An obvious trend shift in the annual mean and winter mixed layer depth(MLD)in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC)region was detected during the 1960–2021 period.Shallowing trends stopped in mid-1980s,followed by a period of weak trends.The MLD deepening trend difference between the two periods were mainly distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage,the areas north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land,and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The newly formed ocean current shear due to the meridional shift of the ACC flow axis between the two periods is the dominant driver for the MLD trends shift distributed in the western areas in the Drake Passage and the central parts of the South Indian sector.The saltier trends in the regions north to Victoria Land and Wilkes Land could be responsible for the strengthening mixing processes in this region.

Diagnosing ratio of electron density to collision frequency of plasma surrounding scaled model in a shock tube using low-frequency alternating magnetic field phase shift

A non-contact low-frequency(LF)method of diagnosing the plasma surrounding a scaled model in a shock tube is proposed.This method utilizes the phase shift occurring after the transmission of an LF alternating magnetic field through the plasma to directly measure the ratio of the plasma loop average electron density to collision frequency.An equivalent circuit model is used to analyze the relationship of the phase shift of the magnetic field component of LF electromagnetic waves with the plasma electron density and collision frequency.The applicable range of the LF method on a given plasma scale is analyzed.The upper diagnostic limit for the ratio of the electron density(unit:m^(-3))to collision frequency(unit:Hz)exceeds 1×10^(11),enabling an electron density to exceed 1×10^(20)m^(-3)and a collision frequency to be less than 1 GHz.In this work,the feasibility of using the LF phase shift to implement the plasma diagnosis is also assessed.Diagnosis experiments on shock tube equipment are conducted by using both the electrostatic probe method and LF method.By comparing the diagnostic results of the two methods,the inversion results are relatively consistent with each other,thereby preliminarily verifying the feasibility of the LF method.The ratio of the electron density to the collision frequency has a relatively uniform distribution during the plasma stabilization.The LF diagnostic path is a loop around the model,which is suitable for diagnosing the plasma that surrounds the model.Finally,the causes of diagnostic discrepancy between the two methods are analyzed.The proposed method provides a new avenue for diagnosing high-density enveloping plasma.

Enhancing the Goos-Hänchen shift based on quasi-bound states in the continuum through material asymmetric dielectric compound gratings

Quasi-bound state in the continuum(QBIC)resonance is gradually attracting attention and being applied in Goos-Hänchen(GH)shift enhancement due to its high quality(Q)factor and superior optical confinement.Currently,symmetry-protected QBIC resonance is often achieved by breaking the geometric symmetry,but few cases are achieved by breaking the material symmetry.This paper proposes a dielectric compound grating to achieve a high Q factor and high-reflection symmetry-protectede QBIC resonance based on material asymmetry.Theoretical calculations show that the symmetry-protected QBIC resonance achieved by material asymmetry can significantly increase the GH shift up to-980 times the resonance wavelength,and the maximum GH shift is located at the reflection peak with unity reflectance.This paper provides a theoretical basis for designing and fabricating high-performance GH shift tunable metasurfaces/dielectric gratings in the future.

Propagation Dynamics of Forced Pulsating Waves for a Time Periodic Lotka-Volterra Cooperative System with Nonlocal Effects in Shifting Habitats

In this paper, we will concern the existence, asymptotic behaviors and stability of forced pulsating waves for a Lotka-Volterra cooperative system with nonlocal effects under shifting habitats. By using the alternatively-coupling upper-lower solution method, we establish the existence of forced pulsating waves, as long as the shifting speed falls in a finite interval where the endpoints are obtained from KPP-Fisher speeds. The asymptotic behaviors of the forced pulsating waves are derived. Finally, with proper initial, the stability of the forced pulsating waves is studied by the squeezing technique based on the comparison principle.

基于改进Theil指数和Shift-Share模型的2012—2021年中国产业偏离分析

文章首先通过对现有文献的梳理和分析,发现针对产业偏离的测算,传统的产业偏离度E系数、Theil指数及Shift-Share模型均存在一定的缺陷,E系数和Theil指数的缺陷主要体现在计算原理方面,而Shift-Share模型的缺陷主要表现在参照系选择的合理性和数据采集的可行性方面。然后,基于现有模型的基本原理,提出了更为合理和更具可操作性的产业偏离测算方法,再采用实证研究的方法,根据2012—2021年的数据,对中国的产业偏离情况进行具体分析,得出尽管中国存在产业偏离,但产业偏离度在逐渐减小。最后,基于修正模型的计算结果,并结合当前的国际国内环境,提出如下政策建议:1)第一产业要依靠创新和科技引领,促进农村劳动力在城乡间有序转移,实现农业生产的规模化和现代化;2)第二产业要加快产业的升级换代,建立和保持独立、自主、完整的工业体系,加大在基础研究方面的投入,尽早突破美西方的技术封锁;3)第三产业的发展重点应该在金融和科教两个方面,要进一步提升香港地区、上海和北京等城市的世界金融中心地位,依靠金融创新来规避现行国际金融体系的不利约束和影响,同时要将科教兴国战略落到实处,努力探索适合中国国情的从小学到大学各阶段的教育模式。

基于Mean-shift聚类算法的导航欺骗干扰源定位技术

对导航干扰的现状进行了分析,针对北斗导航面临的威胁,对现有导航欺骗干扰源的定位方法和功率预测方法进行分析总结。针对现有技术水平的不足和未来战场的需求,提出了基于Mean-shift聚类算法的干扰源定位方法,对算法进行了分析,给出算法实现与优化的过程,通过仿真与实验测试对算法的性能进行了分析。外场实测数据表明,提出的导航欺骗干扰定位算法具有较高的定位精度。提出的干扰源定位方法,将为导航对抗环境下的导航态势感知提供一种新的手段和方法。

基于SPI-RRV指数中国气象干旱及其风险时空演变特征研究

为全面揭示变化环境下我国多维气象干旱特征,耦合气象干旱指数(SPI)和可靠性-回弹性-脆弱性(RRV)指数,提出了一种基于SPI-RRV指数的干旱风险评价方法,定量评价了中国气象干旱及其风险的时空演变特征。结果表明:SPI-RRV指数具有特征稳定和时空可比性强的特点,能够较为准确地评估气象干旱风险时空演变特征;南方平均干旱栅格比、干旱月占比和频次大于北方,湿润区和半湿润区干旱历时短、烈度大,半干旱区和干旱区干旱历时长、烈度相对较小;干旱高风险区转移具有显著年代际变化规律,空间上从西北向西南地区转移。

深部煤储层孔裂隙结构对煤层气赋存的影响-以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘大宁-吉县区块为例

深部煤储层孔隙–裂缝结构对深部煤层气资源潜力评价和勘探开发具有重要意义。选取鄂尔多斯盆地东缘大宁–吉县区块DJ57井本溪组5个煤岩样品为研究对象,在煤岩煤质参数测试的基础上,采用气体吸附法、高压压汞法和微米CT扫描等测试手段,对深部煤储层中的纳米级孔隙-微米级裂缝进行多尺度定量表征,综合评价不同尺度的孔裂隙结构特征。再结合渗透率和甲烷等温吸附试验,探讨了微观孔裂隙对深部煤储层中煤层气的赋存和渗流的影响。研究结果表明:基于多种孔隙表征方法对深部煤储层孔裂隙进行多尺度定量表征,其孔裂隙体积分布类型主要以“U”型为主,呈现出微孔与微裂缝并存双峰态,主要集中在0.3~1.5 nm和>100μm的范围内。其中,微孔(<2 nm)、介孔(2~50 nm)、宏孔(50 nm~10μm)和微裂缝(>10μm)体积平均分别占总孔裂隙体积的80.18%,6.70%,1.65%和11.47%。随着微孔发育而吸附气量呈增大的趋势,微孔可以提供大量吸附点位,为深部煤层气的吸附和赋存提供场所。随着微裂缝发育而游离气量呈增大的趋势,微裂缝可以提供大量储集空间,为深部煤层气的富集提供空间条件。此外,微裂缝在三维空间中相互连通,形成网状结构,连通性强。随着微裂缝越发育,煤储层渗透率越大,微裂缝增强了煤层气的渗流能力。纳米级孔隙和微米级裂隙发育特征分别控制着深部煤层气吸附能力和开发潜力。

水资源-能源-粮食-生态系统耦合协调及驱动力分析

为加深对我国水资源、能源、粮食、生态系统协同演变趋势的认识,构建水资源-能源-粮食-生态多维系统指标体系,运用耦合协调度模型对我国2005—2020年水资源-能源-粮食-生态系统耦合协调度进行评价,并采用多因素归因分析法进行驱动力分析。结果表明:我国水资源-能源-粮食-生态系统耦合协调度从2005年的0.55增长到2020年的0.84,各地区耦合协调度从勉强协调发展水平过渡到中级协调发展水平,各子系统对耦合协调度上升的驱动分别经历了由粮食子系统到生态子系统再到水资源子系统主导的过程;能源子系统的贡献率虽然比较小,但是未来可能是各地区提升水资源-能源-粮食-生态系统多维系统协调发展水平的突破口。

基于DEMATEL-ISM的水利工程EPC项目价值增值机理研究

采用设计-采购-施工(engineering-procurement-construction,EPC)总承包模式的水利工程项目日益增多,研究其价值增值机理有利于总承包方做好项目的价值管理。从水利工程EPC项目的价值链分析入手,基于文献和专家访谈得到23个价值增值影响因素。采用问卷调查方式得到各因素间的影响程度评分,用决策实验和评估实验(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)法计算了各因素的中心度和原因度,结合解释结构模型(interpretative structural modeling,ISM)对数据进行分析,将价值增值因素划分为6类,构建了水利工程EPC项目价值增值的递阶模型,探究和揭示了项目价值增值的路径和机理。研究结果对水利工程EPC总承包方制订管理策略有一定启示作用。

基于混合式教学的“教-学-评”一体化实验教学体系探索

实验能力是医学专业研究生的重要科研能力,实验能力的培养与实验教学的方法与质量密切相关。文章针对传统实验教学受到时间和空间限制且评价指标较为单一的现状,提出构建基于线上自主学习和现场实践相结合的“教-学-评”一体化实验教学体系,建立覆盖课前线上自主学习、课堂现场实践、课后作业提交与考核教学全过程的评价体系,以评促学,以评促教,通过评价反馈激发学生的学习热情,改进教学内容和方法,不断探索与完善实验教学体系,提高实验教学质量,以期为培养具有实践能力与创新精神的医学科研人才发挥积极作用。

基于“心-脉-神”互言探讨肝心同治冠心病合并抑郁(双心疾病)的理论研究

双心疾病作为“血脉之心”与“神明之心”同病的复合疾病,已经成为现代社会影响人类健康的主流问题之一,其中的冠心病合并抑郁属于临床中常见的发病类型。冠心病是一种严重威胁健康的心血管疾病,焦虑和抑郁是其不良预后的潜在危险因素。冠心病合并抑郁属中医“胸痹”“郁证”范畴,“心藏脉,脉舍神”,心脏对生命活动具有重要的控制和调节作用,“从心论治”使机体心主神明、心主血脉功能正常发挥。心血管疾病与情志病是密不可分的,胸痹患者心脉不畅,肝失疏泄,痰瘀互结,气机郁滞加重,由此引发情志的改变。双心疾病与中医的“心主血脉”“心主神明”“肝主藏血”“肝主疏泄”功能失常密切相关,“心”与“肝”的状态失衡是导致疾病进展的主要因素,故“肝心同治”是调节关键病机-肝心失调的必由之法,以疏肝解郁、调气和血为主。基于对“从心论治”“心-脉-神”与“肝心同治”的理论探讨,结合现代科学技术,旨在为防治冠心病合并抑郁提供新的思路与机制预测。

基于UPLC-QTOF-MS解析苦荞黄酮组成及药理学网络分析

为优化苦荞黄酮提取工艺并明确其具体成分结构和含量及药理作用,本研究以四川省凉山彝族自治州甘洛县优质苦荞为研究对象,对超声提取苦荞黄酮工艺进行了优化,采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-QTOF-MS)对主要黄酮成分进行结构鉴定,并采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用仪对鉴定到的黄酮进行准确定量,同时利用中药系统药理学(TCMSP)系统分析其网络药理学特性。结果表明,超声辅助乙醇提取苦荞黄酮的最优条件为乙醇浓度90%(V/V)、超声功率140 W、超声温度70℃、超声时间60 min、提取溶剂与苦荞原料比50∶1(mL·g^(-1)),该条件下,提取液中共鉴定到黄酮16种,其中芦丁、表儿茶素和儿茶素含量分别达到115.81、72.99和23.08μg·mL^(-1)。这16种黄酮在防治心血管疾病、慢性炎症性疾病上具有重要作用。本研究可为苦荞精深加工综合利用尤其是功能性苦荞产品开发利用奠定基础。