Global SH-wave propagation in a 2D whole Moon model using the parallel hybrid PSM/FDM method

We present numerical modeling of SH-wave propagation for the recently proposed whole Moon model and try to improve our understanding of lunar seismic wave propagation. We use a hybrid PSM/FDM method on staggered grids to solve the wave equations and implement the calculation on a parallel PC cluster to improve the computing efficiency. Features of global SH-wave propagation are firstly discussed for a 100-km shallow and900-km deep moonquakes, respectively. Effects of frequency range and lateral variation of crust thickness are then investigated with various models. Our synthetic waveforms are finally compared with observed Apollo data to show the features of wave propagation that were produced by our model and those not reproduced by our models. Our numerical modeling show that the low-velocity upper crust plays significant role in the development of reverberating wave trains. Increasing frequency enhances the strength and duration of the reverberations.Surface multiples dominate wavefields for shallow event.Core–mantle reflections can be clearly identified for deep event at low frequency. The layered whole Moon model and the low-velocity upper crust produce the reverberating wave trains following each phases consistent with observation. However, more realistic Moon model should be considered in order to explain the strong and slow decay scattering between various phases shown on observation data.

Multi-Domain Parallel Computing for Strength Analysis of Whole Aircraft Model

In the Windows XP 64 bit operating system environment, several common PC were used to build a cluster system, establishing the distributed memory parallel (DMP) computing system. A finite element model of whole aircraft with about 260 million degrees of freedom (DOF) was developed using three-node and four-node thin shell element and two-node beam element. With the large commercial finite element software MSC.MARC and employing two kinds of domain decomposition method (DDM) respectively, realized the parallel solving for the static strength analysis of the whole aircraft model, which offered a high cost-effective solution for solving large-scale and complex finite element models.

MULTI-AXLE VEHICLE STABILITY BASED ON WHOLE VEHICLE MODEL

From the analysis of experiment data of the multi-axle vehicle chassis searching process, it is less accurate to predict multi-axle vehicle dynamic characteristic with simplified two-axle vehicle model. So it is important to find out a more effective modeling method in the study of multi-vehicle stability. In the development of heat transfer fluid（HTF） six-axle vehicle, a whole vehicle multi-body dynamic model is built through collaborate flowchart using Teamcenter Engineering, UG NX3 and MSC.Adams. The modeling method of connected hydragas spring suspension is validated by running test results. Based on this whole vehicle model, a kinematical analysis of suspension is implemented to achieve optimized suspension geometry parameters according to the stable requirement. Then, different handling simulations are carried out with regard to various tire characteristics, driving con- figurations, and equipments. According to the evaluation of whole vehicle handling characteristic, some design rules are summarized to improve the stability of multi-axle vehicle.

Global SH-wavefield calculation for a two-dimensional whole-Earth model with the parallel hybrid PSM/FDM algorithm

We present a parallel hybrid algorithm based on pseudospectral method （PSM） and finite difference method （FDM） for two-dimensional （2-D） global SH- wavefield simulation. The whole-Earth model is taken as a cross section of spherical Earth, and corresponding wave equations are defined in 2-D cylindrical coordinates. Spatial derivatives in the wave equations are approximated with efficient and high accuracy PSM in the lateral and high-order FDM in the radial direction on staggered grids. This algorithm allows us to divide the whole-Earth into sub-domains in radial direction and implement efficient parallel computing on PC cluster, while retains high accuracy and efficiency of PSM in lateral direction. A transformation of moment tensor between 3-D spherical Earth and our 2-D model was proposed to give corre- sponding moment tensor components used in 2-D modeling. Comparison of modeling results with those obtained by direct solution method shows very good accuracy of our algorithm. We also demonstrate its feasibility with a lateral heterogeneous whole-Earth model with localized velocity perturbation.

A Strategy for Development of Realistic Mathematical Models of Whole-Body Metabolism

When realistic mathematical models of whole body metabolism eventually become available, they are likely to add entirely new dimensions to the understanding of the integrated physiological function of the organism, in particular the mechanisms governing the regulation of transitions between different physiological states, like fed-fasted, exercise-rest and normal-diseased. So far the strategy for whole body modelling has primarily been a bottom-up approach where the central problem is an apparently insurmountable barrier of complexity involved in defining and optimising the huge number of parameters. Here we follow a top-down strategy and present a complete mathematical framework for realistic whole body model development. The approach proposed is modular and hierarchical and whole body metabolism is taken as the top level. Next are the organs, where the sum of the contributions from the individual organs must equal the top level metabolism. This hierarchy can be extended to lower levels of organisation, i.e. clusters of cells, individual cells, organelle and individual pathways. Exploiting this hierarchy, metabolism at each level forms an absolute constraint on the contributions from lower level. Importantly, these constraints can in many ways be defined experimentally through mass balance and flux data. Furthermore, the constrained approach allows the lower level models to be developed independently and subsequently adapted to the whole body model. The paper describes the process of whole body modelling in practical terms, centred on a mathematical framework, devised to allow whole-body models of any complexity to be developed. Furthermore, an example of sub-model incorporation in the whole-body framework is illustrated by adapting an existing erythrocyte model to the whole body constraints. Finally, we illustrate the operation of the system by including two sets of whole-body data from humans, reflecting two different physiological states.

How to Quickly Cast off Poverty in Poverty-stricken Mountainous Areas Relying on the "Whole Village Advancement" Model?

We carry out a field survey on the implementation of the"Whole Village Advancement"poverty alleviation model in Lisizhuang Village,Shunping County,Hebei Province.Based on the"Whole Village Advancement"poverty alleviation model,we put forth the following recommendations:(i)Oriented by the market,fostering the function of"blood-refreshing";(ii)Strengthening the new ideas of using projects to attract investment;(iii)Implementing the new strategy of"driven by the able person";(iv)Improving the farmers'quality;(v)Adhering to the diversification of financing channels.

6种平衡型复方氨基酸注射液合成人体蛋白质营养价值的研究

目的:通过对临床常用的6个品种平衡型复方氨基酸注射液(BCAA)18AA(250 mL:12.5 g)、18AA-I(250 mL:17.5 g)、18AA-II(250 mL:21.25 g)、18AA-IV(250 mL:8.7 g)、18AA-V(250 mL:8.06 g)、18AA-V-SF(250 mL:8.06 g)营养价值的研究,为医院药品遴选和临床合理选药提供参考。方法:依据全鸡蛋蛋白模式,对6个品种BCAA必需氨基酸(EAA)第一限制氨基酸化学评分(CS)值、总EAA综合质量(包括必需氨基酸指数、与标准蛋白的贴近度)2个方面评价其营养价值。结果:第一限制氨基酸CS值由高到低为:18AA-II>18AA>18AA-V=18AAV-SF>18AA-I=18AA-IV。总EAA综合质量:必需氨基酸指数由高到低为:18AA-II>18AA>18AA-I>18AA-IV>18AA-V=18AA-V-SF。与全鸡蛋蛋白的贴近度由高到低为:18AA-II=18AA=18AA-I>18AA-IV>18AA-V=18AA-VSF;最终,6个品种BCAA的营养价值由高到低:18AA-II>18AA>18AA-I>18AA-IV>18AA-V=18AA-V-SF。结论:6个品种BCAA中,18AA-II营养价值最高、相同液体量氨基酸含量最高,是肝肾功能正常病人的首选药物。

A-Kano模型下全过程工程咨询业主需求实证研究

我国全过程工程咨询实践正处于多种模式并存、咨询内容差异较大的探索性阶段。以业主需求为导向,合理确定咨询服务内容,提升全过程工程咨询企业服务能力,是推进全过程工程咨询健康发展的关键。通过梳理相关文献,识别出12种全过程工程咨询业主需求,进而借助A-Kano模型开展正、负向满意度与重要度问卷调查,并计算出各类需求的优先级。实证分析结果表明:工程监理和造价咨询属于基本型需求;项目管理、设计及勘察属于期望型需求;招标代理、前期策划和BIM咨询为兴奋型需求;后期运营、建筑节能与绿色建筑咨询、工程检测服务以及工程保险咨询为无差异需求。基于上述结果为工程咨询企业提出转型建议,使其更好地满足业主集成化、个性化的咨询需求。

特勒凯比尔沙门菌临床血流分离株的毒力研究

目的构建ICR小鼠感染模型研究特勒凯比尔血清型沙门菌的致病力,对小鼠分离株进行病原学鉴定。方法通过感染小鼠临床症状、组织病理学、组织细菌载量等的变化,观察排菌周期,评价该血清型沙门菌对小鼠的致病性,计算小鼠LD_(50);通过飞行质谱、生化鉴定、血清型鉴定、分子分型等实验,与人分离株进行比对;通过PCR实验、全基因组测序等进行毒力基因分析。结果特勒凯比尔沙门菌LD 50为2.67×10^(8) CFU/mL;感染后0.5 h即可出现临床症状,卷缩、被毛松乱;死亡小鼠解剖发现小肠充血严重,可见较多气泡、积液,盲肠坏死,肝尖点状变性坏死,肾脏表面有坏死灶,脾脏萎缩;小鼠脾脏、肾脏、肺脏、肝脏、空肠细菌载量感染后3 d达到高峰,而心脏第6 d达高峰;高剂量组排菌时间超100 d;组织中CD3含量随剂量增加呈递增状态,炎细胞浸润,心肌毛细血管扩张充血,肝细胞大面积空泡、变性坏死,脾窦扩张明显,分区模糊,肾小球基膜增厚,纤毛上皮部分剥脱,空肠绒毛萎缩、脱落;PCR及全基因组测序发现具有cdtB、pltA、pltB等沙门菌相关毒力基因。结论本研究首次成功建立了特勒凯比尔沙门菌ICR小鼠模型,证明了该血清型沙门菌具有一定的致病力。

地方特色农产品全域品牌形象的塑造与传播——以宜春富硒产业为例

乡村产业振兴背景下,地方特色农产品品牌传播日益受到各地的高度重视。地方特色农产品品牌的整合重塑包括产品形象、企业形象、使用者形象、地域文化形象和国际传播形象等五方面。基于AIVSA模型,形成了特色农产品全域品牌传播策略,品牌方需要准确寻找品牌与消费者的接触点,引起关注;强化品牌与消费者的有效沟通,产生兴趣和互动;深度传播品牌核心理念,加深消费者价值认同;促使消费者与品牌双向互动,信息分享交互共鸣,提高品牌忠诚度;爆款产品出圈,促使消费行为和价值共创,同时根据需要进行品牌的国际形象传播。

以工程实践能力提升为导向的“数据库”课程改革

工程教育认证的基本理念是以学生为中心、以成果为导向。为切实提高学员“数据库”课程的工程实践能力,针对课程案例式教学中不同章节案例相互割裂的问题,构建了贯通式教学案例库,并开展了基于混合式教学模式的贯通式案例教学实践;针对期末综合实践能力考核不充分的问题,应更加突出实践能力培养导向。通过改变课程综合设计的汇报方式,促使学员真正参与综合设计工作,优化期末理论考试的内容与方式,更加突出对学员综合分析与实践能力的培养。

我国高等教育系统资源配置效率研究——基于成果化和经济化全过程视角

教育具有服务经济社会发展的目的,高等教育系统资源配置的效率已成为影响经济发展质量的重要因素。着眼于高等教育系统资源配置与经济社会发展的关系,可以构建出“资源供给—教育建设—社会发展”的全过程研究框架,综合运用网络二阶段DEA模型和Malmquist指数对我国的30个省(自治区、市)在2006—2020年高等教育系统资源配置效率进行考察,采用Tobit模型进行分析,可以从政府、市场以及高校三个维度梳理出影响高等教育系统资源配置效率的因素。结果显示,我国高等教育系统资源配置全过程效率呈逐年上升的趋势,但成果化和经济化两个子阶段的效率各异。经济化阶段的效率低下是制约高等教育系统资源配置效率提升的关键因素。为此,我国政府应通过加强宏观调控、提升资源供给质量、制订特色化发展方案、着力排除科研成果转化障碍等举措来提高高等教育支撑经济社会高质量发展的效能。

安宁缓和医疗门诊医护一体化全程管理模式的构建

目的构建科学、实用的安宁缓和医疗门诊医护一体化全程管理模式,为安宁缓和医疗门诊的运行及发展提供借鉴。方法基于文献分析、访谈、专家小组会议,初步确定安宁缓和医疗门诊医护一体化全程管理模式的基本框架,采用德尔菲专家函询法对18名从事安宁缓和医疗及医护联合门诊相关领域专家进行2轮专家函询。结果2轮专家函询问卷有效回收率均为100%,第1轮函询专家的权威系数为0.88,第2轮函询专家的权威系数为0.91。最终构建安宁缓和医疗门诊医护一体化全程管理模式,形成人员构成、工作结构、效果评价共3项一级指标,5项二级指标,62项三级指标。结论构建的安宁缓和医疗门诊医护一体化全程管理模式具有较强的科学性、创新性、延续性,可为安宁缓和医护联合门诊的运行及发展提供借鉴。

C型钢缀板柱的有限元模拟方法研究

缀板柱以其制造简便、稳定性高且价格低廉的优势,在工程钢结构中得到了广泛应用,如何准确模拟缀板与立柱之间的连接情况,是工程结构有限元模拟时的重要问题。文章采用有限元软件ANSYS,研究C型钢缀板柱中缀板与立柱之间连接情况的有限元模拟问题,通过对比单元整体建模与节点耦合建模的模拟结果,分析了节点耦合连接方法的模拟原理并提出了使用时的注意事项。计算分析表明:整体建模模拟效果较好但不便于模型修改和精细化模拟,节点耦合便于修改但需要考虑耦合方法和连接面积。文章提出的简化统一耦合方法模拟效果好,适应性强,对于工程实践中的有限元模拟工作具有一定指导意义。

基于个人健康记录的全程管理模式干预对老年糖尿病患者的效果评价

目的 分析基于个人健康记录(PHR)的全程管理模式干预对老年糖尿病患者认知水平、心理痛苦、自我管理行为、生活质量及血糖、血脂的影响。方法 将100例老年糖尿病患者按照随机数字表法分成常规组和干预组,各50例。常规组患者采用常规管理措施进行干预,干预组患者采用基于PHR的糖尿病全程管理模式进行干预。两组患者均干预6个月,各失访1例,最后分别纳入49例患者。干预前后采用自制糖尿病认知问卷、糖尿病痛苦量表(DDS)、糖尿病患者自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)、生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)评定两组患者认知水平、心理痛苦、自我管理行为、生存质量,比较干预前后两组患者血糖、血脂水平。结果 干预后,两组患者糖尿病认知水平均优于干预前,且干预组优于常规组(P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者DDS、DSQL各维度评分均低于干预前,且干预组低于常规组(P<0.05或0.01);两组患者SDSCA各维度评分均高于干预前,且干预组高于常规组(P<0.05或0.01)。干预后,两组患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、餐后2 h血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、三酰甘油水平均低于干预前,且干预组低于常规组(P<0.01);高密度脂蛋白水平高于干预前,且干预组高于常规组(P<0.01)。结论 基于PHR的糖尿病全程管理模式不仅有助于提升老年糖尿病患者的认知水平,缓解其心理痛苦,增强患者自我管理行为,提升患者生存质量,还能够改善老年糖尿病患者的糖脂控制情况。

数字孪生吴淞江工程(江苏段)建设方案探讨

数字孪生吴淞江工程以阳澄淀泖区为物理流域范围,在已有水文监测站网基础上,开展水位、流量、视频、工情等感知监测,以基础数据、监测数据、业务数据为底座,以水文-水动力-水质-水工程调度耦合模型为核心,以水利知识平台为驱动,对物理流域全要素全过程进行数字化映射与模拟,建设吴淞江工程相关业务预报、预警、预演、预案管理的“四预”业务体系,服务洪涝灾害防御、水资源管理与调配、工程全生命周期管理、生态河湖监管、智慧航运、水文化服务等业务工作,对于加快太湖流域数字孪生水网工程和智慧水利建设具有重要的指导意义。

耦合空气系统的燃气轮机拓扑自构建建模方法

为了实现通用性强、可扩展性好、灵活高效的整机性能模型通用建模,提出了一种拓扑自构建的燃气轮机整机性能通用建模方法。基于面向对象思想,采用模块化技术构建通用部件库,再通过拓扑接口关联部件组成整机模型,建立了适用于不同燃气轮机类型的整机性能仿真模型。耦合了多支路复杂空气系统迭代求解模型,将其作为部件嵌入整机模型,以取代现有的定比例引气量计算方法。采用跨平台图形开发框架及图像可视化技术,开发了人机交互友好的整机性能预测平台。采用典型双轴燃气轮机算例,与试验结果进行了对比验证。结果表明:对于动力涡轮出口温度,采用恒定引气比方式和当前耦合方法的计算结果与试验结果对比得到的最大误差分别为3.36%和1.31%;对于出口压力的计算在多数工况下的计算精度也有所提高。提出的拓扑自构建的燃气轮机整机性能通用建模方法实现了部件自由搭建及整机拓扑自构建,且耦合空气系统后,整机性能仿真精度显著提高。

政策视角下光伏全产业链的地区差异性分析

[目的]“双碳”战略为中国能源发展提出了一条新路径,限制对传统化石能源的使用,就促使中国政府加大对新能源产业发展的支持。光伏作为一种覆盖面最广、最易获取的新能源,成为解决当前能源和环境问题的首选。但如果想要增大其市场规模、实现光伏产业的蓬勃发展,就必须要找出并解决当前阶段光伏的痛点与难点。[方法]文章对中国的光伏全产业链政策进行梳理分析,探究光伏产业激励政策存在的不足之处;并利用2000-2021年A股市场上33家样本企业的数据,建立DEA模型探究政策引导下的中国光伏产业综合创新效益和规模效益;再利用面板回归分析法探究不同地区政策对光伏产业上、中、下游企业创新能力的不同影响。[结果]研究表明:政策补贴对光伏上游企业的创新效益影响更为显著,与东部地区的企业发展成正相关关系,西部地区则相反,存在一定的地区差异性。[结论]应该提高在光伏技术创新层面的政策优惠力度,并结合地区优势进行合理的产业链规划布局。

面向商用车驾驶室俯仰振动的半主动悬置控制策略

商用车在经过减速带、凹坑等冲击工况时会产生较大的俯仰角,此时应采取与正常路面行驶时不同的控制策略对阻尼进行控制。首先,提出一种混合控制策略,该控制策略将一种改进天棚控制和改进单传感器控制进行融合,可以根据路面条件和车辆状态等信息,来调整不同的算法的权重。通过实车数据确定各控制器参数。同时在实车中进行部分控制策略的验证,结果显示,该控制策略能够有效地提升车辆乘坐舒适性。在1/2半车模型上进行不同冲击路面仿真分析,结果表明,该控制策略在降低簧上质量加速度和俯仰角加速度方面有着较好的优化效果,也在全频域内有较好的控制效果。

我国百年住宅全生命周期可持续性评价

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