变压器热点温度作为运行经济性、安全性的关键指标,是设备在线监测及状态评估中的重点。该文对变压器内部散热进行研究,着眼于饼式绕组及其油道结构,基于能量流向建立绕组温度变化的物理模型。基于这一模型,在一台内置分布式传感光纤的1...变压器热点温度作为运行经济性、安全性的关键指标,是设备在线监测及状态评估中的重点。该文对变压器内部散热进行研究,着眼于饼式绕组及其油道结构,基于能量流向建立绕组温度变化的物理模型。基于这一模型,在一台内置分布式传感光纤的110kV三相ONAN变压器上开展试验研究,使用分布式光纤测温(distributed temperature sensing,DTS)技术对运行状况下的绕组整体温度分布进行实时监测,分析绕组在ONAN冷却方式下的散热状况。在变压器启动初期,绕组各处散热量较低,温升速率较快。约2 h后,各饼散热量基本与损耗相一致,散热率可达98%以上,因此将这一阶段称为准稳态。准稳态阶段,绕组整体散热率基本一致。负载变化前期不同位置散热量的差异是温度梯度形成的主要原因。基于DTS手段及散热器进出口处油温,提出绕组每饼平均对流换热系数的计算方法,基于无量纲数建立绕组内外表面局部对流换热系数的计算方法,对不同位置、负载率下两种对流换热系数的变化规律进行分析获得了绕组运行过程中对流换热系数分布规律及变化趋势。展开更多
电热能源系统模型维度高将会导致求解难度较大。为此,提出一种兼具求解速度与隐私性的复杂供热管网等值简化模型。首先,基于热网拓扑结构特点,提出可对供热管网进行灵活化简的供热管网拓扑简化方法,并根据简化后的管道结构和参数建立复...电热能源系统模型维度高将会导致求解难度较大。为此,提出一种兼具求解速度与隐私性的复杂供热管网等值简化模型。首先,基于热网拓扑结构特点,提出可对供热管网进行灵活化简的供热管网拓扑简化方法,并根据简化后的管道结构和参数建立复杂供热管网等值简化模型。其次,充分考虑热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)机组以热定电模式和热网热惯性对旋转备用容量的影响,建立了系统旋转备用模型。基于此,建立了考虑旋转备用约束的电热能源系统调度模型。最后,采用信息间隙决策理论(information gap decision theory, IGDT)处理系统成本与风电不确定度之间的关系。算例结果分析了供热管网拓扑简化方法在不同简化程度下的简化效果,验证了所提模型适用于电热能源系统优化调度,有效地减少优化模型的求解时间。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the underlying mechanism of the effect of Fengreqing oral liquid(风热清口服液,FOL)on wind-heat pattern(WHP).METHODS:In this study,we predicted the potential targets of FOL via the approach of ...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the underlying mechanism of the effect of Fengreqing oral liquid(风热清口服液,FOL)on wind-heat pattern(WHP).METHODS:In this study,we predicted the potential targets of FOL via the approach of network pharmacology and verified it by in vitro inflammation model.In the network pharmacology part,two strategies,namely the direct target search and the indirect one,were used to collect the target sets of FOL in WHP treatment.The enrichment analysis was carried out by David database and Clue Go plug-in in Cytoscape.Furthermore,the potential targets were mapped in the candidate pathways.In the verification experiment section,in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW 264.7 was used to confirm the predictive results in the network pharmacology part.RESULTS:Through the two screening strategies,a total of 141 non-repetitive intervention targets of FOL on WHP were obtained.Gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis showed that the intervention effect was mainly focused on the anti-inflammatory effect,and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway was one of the most critical regulatory pathways.Further mapping analysis showed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3 K)-protein kinase B(AKT)signaling transfer might be the key part of regulating the concentration of inflammation mediators of FOL in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.In vitro experiment showed that FOL significantly reduced the levels of NO,IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-αproduced by RAW264.7 induced by LPS.Further immunofluorescence found that this effect is related to the regulation of PI3 K-AKT pathway activity by FOL.CONCLUSION:FOL can intervene in WHP by regulating the content of inflammatory mediators via the PI3 K-AKT pathway.展开更多
文摘变压器热点温度作为运行经济性、安全性的关键指标,是设备在线监测及状态评估中的重点。该文对变压器内部散热进行研究,着眼于饼式绕组及其油道结构,基于能量流向建立绕组温度变化的物理模型。基于这一模型,在一台内置分布式传感光纤的110kV三相ONAN变压器上开展试验研究,使用分布式光纤测温(distributed temperature sensing,DTS)技术对运行状况下的绕组整体温度分布进行实时监测,分析绕组在ONAN冷却方式下的散热状况。在变压器启动初期,绕组各处散热量较低,温升速率较快。约2 h后,各饼散热量基本与损耗相一致,散热率可达98%以上,因此将这一阶段称为准稳态。准稳态阶段,绕组整体散热率基本一致。负载变化前期不同位置散热量的差异是温度梯度形成的主要原因。基于DTS手段及散热器进出口处油温,提出绕组每饼平均对流换热系数的计算方法,基于无量纲数建立绕组内外表面局部对流换热系数的计算方法,对不同位置、负载率下两种对流换热系数的变化规律进行分析获得了绕组运行过程中对流换热系数分布规律及变化趋势。
文摘电热能源系统模型维度高将会导致求解难度较大。为此,提出一种兼具求解速度与隐私性的复杂供热管网等值简化模型。首先,基于热网拓扑结构特点,提出可对供热管网进行灵活化简的供热管网拓扑简化方法,并根据简化后的管道结构和参数建立复杂供热管网等值简化模型。其次,充分考虑热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)机组以热定电模式和热网热惯性对旋转备用容量的影响,建立了系统旋转备用模型。基于此,建立了考虑旋转备用约束的电热能源系统调度模型。最后,采用信息间隙决策理论(information gap decision theory, IGDT)处理系统成本与风电不确定度之间的关系。算例结果分析了供热管网拓扑简化方法在不同简化程度下的简化效果,验证了所提模型适用于电热能源系统优化调度,有效地减少优化模型的求解时间。
基金Supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81473399,82074094)Xinglin Scholar Project of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.BSH2020022)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the underlying mechanism of the effect of Fengreqing oral liquid(风热清口服液,FOL)on wind-heat pattern(WHP).METHODS:In this study,we predicted the potential targets of FOL via the approach of network pharmacology and verified it by in vitro inflammation model.In the network pharmacology part,two strategies,namely the direct target search and the indirect one,were used to collect the target sets of FOL in WHP treatment.The enrichment analysis was carried out by David database and Clue Go plug-in in Cytoscape.Furthermore,the potential targets were mapped in the candidate pathways.In the verification experiment section,in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced RAW 264.7 was used to confirm the predictive results in the network pharmacology part.RESULTS:Through the two screening strategies,a total of 141 non-repetitive intervention targets of FOL on WHP were obtained.Gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis showed that the intervention effect was mainly focused on the anti-inflammatory effect,and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway was one of the most critical regulatory pathways.Further mapping analysis showed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3 K)-protein kinase B(AKT)signaling transfer might be the key part of regulating the concentration of inflammation mediators of FOL in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.In vitro experiment showed that FOL significantly reduced the levels of NO,IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-αproduced by RAW264.7 induced by LPS.Further immunofluorescence found that this effect is related to the regulation of PI3 K-AKT pathway activity by FOL.CONCLUSION:FOL can intervene in WHP by regulating the content of inflammatory mediators via the PI3 K-AKT pathway.
