基于改进24Model-ISM-SNA建筑工人不安全行为关联路径研究

建筑施工现场环境复杂,为有效控制不安全行为发生,基于行为安全“2-4”模型对360份具有代表性的建筑安全事故调查报告进行分析,提取出22个不安全行为的主要影响因素。利用灰色关联分析方法(GRA)改进的集成ISM-SNA模型,将不安全行为风险因素划分为表层、过渡层与深层,然后对风险因素进行可视化分析、中心度分析及凝聚子群分析,揭示了各致因因素间的关联关系和传导路径。结果表明,建筑工人不安全行为影响因素可划分成7级3阶的多级递阶结构,安全意识、现场监管、外部环境是建筑工人不安全行为的关键影响因素,同时现场监管和隐患排查到位能有效降低不安全行为的发生。

Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation Model of the New Generation Migrant Workers' Employability

Through literature research and expert interviews,we extract 10 variables influencing the new generation migrant workers' employability,and establish the comprehensive evaluation model of the new generation migrant workers' employability. Using factor analysis,we derive that the model includes three factors: skill literacy,relationship literacy and basic literacy. The weights of each factor are 0. 580,0. 244 and 0. 174 8,respectively. Skill literacy is affected by skill level,learning ability,career aspiration,ability to analyze problems,physical health status and other factors. Relationship literacy is affected by the sense of teamwork,interpersonal skills,social support and other factors. Basic literacy is affected by educational level,hardworking spirit and other factors. According to the results,we put forth the following recommendations to improve the new generation migrant workers' employability: strengthening the vocational skill training; coordinating the vocational education resources.

Problems of Quality of Migrant Workers and Countermeasures from the Perspective of Iceberg Model

From the perspective of Iceberg Model,we analyze levels and structures of quality of migrant workers from knowledge,skills,social role, self-cognition,traits and motives. On the basis of these situations,we put forward countermeasures: value rural education and enhance skill training; make clear occupational planning and set up correct sense of value; assist migrant workers in facing the reality and adjusting their state of mind in working; coordinate interest relationship and call upon social care; rebuild mental world and construct harmonious society.

Master-Worker模式的并行关联规则挖掘算法

随着信息技术迅速发展,数据库的规模不断扩大,从而产生了大量的数据;如果使用传统的数据挖掘技术从庞大的数据中挖掘出有价值的规则、模式等将需要巨大的计算资源,而且会花费很长的时间;在考虑到挖掘的效率,负载平衡,运行环境,节点状态等多方面因素的基础上,文中提出了新的并行数据挖掘算法;各个并行计算单元之间采用全局通讯模式—Master-Worker模式来进行互相通信,降低了并行数据挖掘的通信成本,提高了挖掘的效率,缩短了挖掘的时间;最后,通过worker节点和Master节点的实验,采用一多属性的大数据量的数据库,将实验结果与串行算法进行了比较,实验结果验证了该算法的有效性以及在大数据集挖掘应用中的优越性。

Recommendations for Evidence-based Thinking on Migrant Worker Training

Evidence-based thinking originates from the United States. It stresses combination of actual facts and practical experience of managers to find out optimal evidence and make decisions accordingly. Migrant worker is a unique concept of China. Migrant workers are essential parts of industrial forces. However,due to limitation of their quality,they generally fail to bring into play their important function in the industry chain. At present,there are many problems in training models of migrant workers,leading to failure to raise their employment ability. This study is expected to introduce the evidence-based thinking into the building of training models for migrant workers,to provide recommendations for migrant worker training,raise efficiency of migrant worker training,and so as to bring into play important function of migrant workers in socialist construction of China.

劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神融入高职院校思政教育的路径研究

劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神是民族精神和时代精神的生动体现,是激励人们攻坚克难、干事创业的强大精神动力。在深刻理解“三种精神”科学内涵及其逻辑关系的基础上,该文分析得出“三种精神”与高职院校思想政治教育在培养目标上具有一致性、在教育内容上具有相融性、在教育方式上具有互补性,并创新提出“课程重构、文化浸润、实践育人、数字赋能”的四维融入路径,从而实现“三种精神”对高职学生的文化熏陶和价值引导功能。

数字经济发展与农民工就业质量:契机与困境——基于CFPS 2018数据的多层模型分析

数字经济的发展为农民工高质量就业注入了新动能,为其转型升级提供了契机,但同时也带来了新困境。基于2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,采用HLM模型从多层视角剖析了数字经济对农民工就业质量的影响及其内在机制,并揭示了农民工就业质量各个维度的实际问题。研究结果表明,数字经济在宏观层面优化了就业结构,在微观层面促进了弱关系社会资本以及人力资本的积累,进而显著改善了农民工的就业质量,尤其是在收入水平提升和劳动合同签订率方面;但也存在部分低收入农民工无法享受“数字收入红利”以及“灵活化”劳动合同的问题。数字经济对工作时间的影响表现出双向效应,数字经济的快速发展所催生的新型职业岗位和劳动关系模式,也暴露出劳动保障缺失的制度漏洞。异质性分析进一步表明,数字经济会对具有某些特征的农民工群体产生偏向性,会加剧农民工内部的不平等。最后针对性地提出了改善农民工就业质量的政策建议。

Determinants of HIV/AIDS Awareness among Garments Workers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

The main purpose of this study is to find the awareness level as well as the determinants of awareness on HIV/AIDS among the garments workers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. To do so, 200 garments workers were interviewed through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. As the statistical tools, univariate analysis was completed to figure out frequency distribution and the binary logistic regression model was used to predict the probability occurrence of the events by fitting data. The results revealed that the majority of the garments workers (63.5%) are very young (18 - 27 years), almost all (97.5%) are literate and most of them (57.0%) used contraceptives. Importantly, most of the respondents (64.0%) had not participated in any type of seminar or workshop related to HIV/AIDS, though almost all the respondents (84.5%) know HIV is a dangerous and life threatening disease. The logistic regression model identified that respondents' education, contraceptive usage, mass media and HIV workshops have statistically significant positive effects on HIV/AIDS awareness. Various media campaigns are strongly suggested to be increased knowledge and awareness to control the spread of HIV as well as STDs among garments workers in Bangladesh.

A Study of the Regional Vocational Training Efficiency of Migrant Workers

Based on DEA- Tobit model,the efficiency of occupational training for rural migrant workers of 30 provinces and cities was studied in this paper. The results indicated that there are significant differences among these 30 provinces and cities. Technical efficiency of East areas is lower than average level. Moreover,there is a significant negative correlation between the efficiency and Average education attainment,and a significant positive correlation between the efficiency and proportion of rural population.

新时代劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神与劳动教育的内在逻辑探析

国家对劳动教育越来越重视,各高职院校也在响应国家号召开设劳动教育课程,但在实践过程中仍存在一些瓶颈问题,导致劳动教育的育人效果并不理想。基于此,分析劳动教育中提倡的“三种精神”的内在联系,有助于进一步拓展劳动教育的育人渠道与方法,助力大学生劳动素质的养成。

Health Promotion Model: An Integrative Literature Review

Background: The Health Promotion Model (HPM) indicates that each person is a biopsychosocial creature that is partially shaped by the environment, but also seeks to create an environment in which inherent and acquired human potential can be fully expressed. The HPM is proposed as a holistic predictive model of health-promoting behavior for use in research and practice. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine how the HPM has been applied in various research studies. Methods: An integrative review was used to find studies that were guided by the HPM. Data search was between 2008 to 2018 using Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EBSCO, Cochrane, ERIC, Joanna Briggs Institute and EBSCO host. The keywords used were Pender’s and Health Promotion Model. Results: Seventeen studies were reviewed;most of them were quantitative studies. These studies discussed variables from the HPM. Most of the study variables were measured using instruments derived from the HPM. The results of the reviewed studies revealed that the HPM had predictive value in estimating health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion: The HPM was widely established in the nursing community and was implemented in nursing practice, education, and research. In addition, the HPM constructs were used to hypothesize conceptual frameworks in many studies to predict health-promoting behaviors in many chronic diseases.

劳模精神引领下测绘类专业“五维一体”的劳动教育新途径

劳动教育是中国特色社会主义教育制度的重要内容,重视劳动教育一直是我国教育方针的基本要求。针对以往大学教育中存在的“重德育、智育,轻劳动教育”这一问题,该文以东华理工大学测绘类专业为主要研究对象,将新时代劳模精神与劳动教育相结合,构建劳模精神引领下测绘类专业“五维一体”的劳动教育新途径。该途径从测绘类专业的特点出发,在教学过程中培养学生的知识维度、能力维度、品质维度、情感维度和创新维度五个方面的能力,致力于培养具备广泛知识和创新能力、适应社会需求的新时代劳动者。

医护-社工联动康复模式对美沙酮维持治疗患者心理状况的影响

目的 探究医护-社工联动康复模式对美沙酮维持治疗患者心理状况的影响。方法 纳入94例美沙酮维持治疗服务的患者,随机分为观察组(48例)和对照组(46例)。对观察组运用医护-社工联动康复模式进行个体化干预,对照组则运用常规美沙酮治疗服务模式进行干预。分别在干预前、干预3个月及6个月三个时间点对两组受试者的焦虑状态、抑郁状态及生活质量进行评估。结果 观察组受试者在接受医护-社工联动康复模式干预6个月后在抑郁状态和焦虑状态方面均较干预前显著改善,并且无论是BDI评分和BAI评分均显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。同时,观察组受试者中“有抑郁”的人数占比和“有焦虑”的人数占比均显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。干预6个月后,观察组受试者的生活质量评分(183.77±8.90)显著高于对照组(174.76±11.14)(P <0.01)。结论 医护-社工联动康复模式在改善美沙酮维持治疗患者的心理状态方面具有一定的优越性,值得被推广应用。

高海拔地区铁路施工人员作业疲劳影响因素耦合分析

为了评价多因素耦合作用下高海拔地区铁路工程施工人员作业疲劳状况。首先,建立作业疲劳影响因素指标体系,并根据涌现理论,从工作本身、作业人员、作业环境和组织管理4个维度将耦合作用分为单因素耦合、双因素耦合和多因素耦合;其次,以高海拔地区铁路工程施工项目为例,利用熵权-决策实验室分析(Entropy Weight Method-Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, EWM-DEMATEL)法确定指标权重,构建耦合度模型,进而对作业疲劳影响因素间的耦合关系进行定量分析,寻找关键耦合因素;最后,建立施工人员作业疲劳“工-管”耦合系统的系统动力学模型,并动态观测疲劳影响因素对施工人员疲劳水平发展趋势的影响。结果显示,工作本身和组织管理的耦合度最大,且疲劳水平的增长速率在第5周后明显增加。在施工作业过程中,应提前建立有针对性的管理措施来降低疲劳影响因素之间的耦合效应。

计划行为视角下建筑工人不安全行为形成机理研究

厘清建筑工人不安全行为的成因对降低施工现场的事故发生率至关重要。为深入探究内因及外因对不安全行为的异质性影响,基于计划行为理论,同时考虑信念因素和情境因素的作用机理提出假设,并采用结构方程模型和分层回归模型加以实证检验。结果表明:(1)行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制通过不安全行为意向的中介作用,显著影响不安全行为的发生;(2)安全氛围和安全领导负向调节不安全行为意向对不安全行为的影响。从系统的角度阐释了信念因素与情境因素在建筑工人不安全行为产生过程中的不同作用,为项目管理者有效避免不安全行为的发生提供了理论依据。

劳动模范:劳动荣誉符号的生产、建构与功能审视——来自深圳公交系统的案例分析

劳模作为“榜样的力量”具有劳动和道德的示范作用,劳动榜样的树立对于促进经济社会发展至关重要。现有关于劳模的研究具有一定局限性,忽视了作为“过程”的“劳模”。政策、组织、媒体和个体不仅是“劳模”生产逻辑链中的主要参与者和推动者,也是“劳模”这一符号资本的主要建构者。“劳模”的生产是结构和行动者二重化的结果。“劳模”的建构涵盖了符号资本获取、厚植、强化和延拓的四个环节。“劳模”的生产和建构最终目的都是使“劳模”在社会、行业和工作单位中的正向功能得以最大化释放。

劳模精神引领高职院校劳动教育:价值意蕴与实现路径

劳模精神是中国共产党团结带领广大人民群众在革命、建设和改革的辉煌历程中形成的伟大精神,是中国特色社会主义新时代优秀劳动品质在劳动模范身上的生动写照。劳模精神引领高职院校劳动教育有利于彰显劳动教育的思想性,培养高职学生形成“四最”劳动价值观;有利于把握劳动教育的实践性,培养高职学生积极投身劳动实践的精神;有利于突出劳动教育的社会性,培养高职学生社会责任感和社会服务意识。中国特色社会主义新时代应重视劳模精神在高职院校劳动教育中的作用,实现劳模精神对高职院校劳动教育课程、教师队伍培养和校园劳动文化建设的引领。

自动控制理论视域下劳模与工匠精神培育机制运行与反馈策略研究

职业教育是技能人才培养的主渠道,培育大国工匠后备军是职业教育必须担当的历史责任和重要使命。在新时代职业教育的大环境下,劳模与工匠精神培育机制的建构和良性运行显得尤为重要。当前,职业院校在现有劳模与工匠精神培育机制运行上仍有不畅。以职业院校交通运输类专业为例,以自动控制理论为理论依据,通过对培育机制运行现状调研分析,提出优化职业院校劳模与工匠精神培育机制的建议,并探索培育机制运行的反馈策略研究。

“三种精神”融入高职院校思政课教学研究与实践

劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神是中华民族强大的精神支撑,将“三种精神”融入高职院校思政课,既是落实立德树人根本任务、推动思政课改革创新的需要,也是大学生提升劳动素质和投身中华民族伟大复兴进程的需要。应充分把握劳模精神、劳动精神、工匠精神融入高职院校思政课的逻辑理路,以知识体系为引领,实现精准融入;以实践教学为依托,实现高效融入;以综合素材为手段,实现鲜活融入;以评价机制为依据,增强效果融入,促进高职院校培养出德才兼备、德技双馨的能工巧匠,为实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦汇聚磅礴伟力。

新时代劳模精神示范引领作用的发挥

劳模精神是时代精神的生动体现,是引领时代新风的精神高地,呈现社会进步的发展方向,不断为新时代精神注入新能量。新时期,传承和发扬劳模精神有助于培养全社会的责任感和荣誉感,引导广大青年树立正确的人生观和价值观。阐释劳模精神的时代内涵与价值,实例分析发挥劳模精神示范引领作用的重要意义,提出了发挥新时代劳模精神示范引领作用的有效路径。