Subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse fields.This study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evalua...Subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse fields.This study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evaluate the cognitive load of assembly workers.A multi-scale research paradigm based on subjective evaluation method is proposed.Three typical task stages are extracted from the process of assembly work.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale,PAAS scale and Workload Profile Index Ratings(WP)scale are selected for the design of 3×3 multi-factor mixed experiment.The power spectrum density(PSD)characteris-tics of electroencephalogram(EEG)are utilized to identify the difficulty levels of the three task sta-ges.The relevant indicators of scale applicability are assessed.The results show that in terms of sensitivity,NASA-TLX scale reaches the highest sensitivity(F=999.137,P=0<0.05).In terms of validity,NASA-TLX scale possesses the best concurrent validity(P=0.0255<0.05).In terms of diagnosticity,NASA-TLX scale based on 6 dimensions takes on the best diagnostic performance.In terms of subject acceptability,WP scale performs the worst.According to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model,the applicability scores of NASA-TLX scale,PAAS scale and WP scale are determined as 3,2.55 and 1.6714,respectively.Therefore,NASA-TLX scale is regarded as the most suitable subjective evaluation questionnaire for assembly workers,which is also an effective quantitative evaluation method for the cognitive load of assembly workers.展开更多
大部分城市区域居住环境为2类声功能区,昼间声级在60 d B以内,尽管能被2类区中大部分人接受,但还有部分人在该类声环境中有烦恼的感觉,这被称为“达标仍烦恼”现象。为了找出该现象背后的声学原理,即人群的烦恼度与等效A声级以及其他声...大部分城市区域居住环境为2类声功能区,昼间声级在60 d B以内,尽管能被2类区中大部分人接受,但还有部分人在该类声环境中有烦恼的感觉,这被称为“达标仍烦恼”现象。为了找出该现象背后的声学原理,即人群的烦恼度与等效A声级以及其他声学特征的内在联系,从人群主观感知角度出发,针对人口、交通密集型城市开放空间“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量评价开展研究,拓展现有单一A声级评价指标,确定“达标仍烦恼”区域的声级区间以及影响该区域声环境质量评价的“烦恼指标”。基于对上海市整体开放空间声环境主观满意度评价结果中的烦恼度区间划分,结合前期研究得到的5个独立声环境客观特征参量:等效连续A声级LA、噪声中值与环境本底值的差值L50-L90、A声级与C声级的差值LC-LA、波动度F以及尖锐度S等,得到城市“达标仍烦恼”区域LA的区间,即LA∈[53.6,60],并构建上海市2类声环境功能区“达标仍烦恼”区域“特征参量-主观满意度”样本集。进而,采用Pearson相关系数定量评估5种特征量对人群声主观感知的影响,筛选出3个“有效特征参量”:LA、L50-L90以及S,并基于其与满意度Sat的相关系数,计算出它们影响“主观满意度”的权重系数为0.46,0.41以及0.14。研究结果表明,城市整体声环境质量主观评价“有效特征参量”适用于“达标仍烦恼”区域,其中,LA和L50-L90是影响“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量的“烦恼指标”,在该烦恼声级区间[53.6,60]内,L50-L90指标对人群主观烦恼度的影响程度与LA相当。研究可为城市“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量的精准评估和管控提供有效的技术支持,并且可为后期在LA难以被进一步降低的情况下,通过降低区域声环境的L50-L90改善该类区域声环境质量指出研究方向。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51775325)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20121)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(No.2023Z218)the Young Eastern Scholars Program of Shanghai(No.QD2016033).
文摘Subjective scales have different kinds of applicability in diverse fields.This study intends to implement a quantitative approach to determine the applicability of subjective scales in manual as-sembly work and evaluate the cognitive load of assembly workers.A multi-scale research paradigm based on subjective evaluation method is proposed.Three typical task stages are extracted from the process of assembly work.The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index(NASA-TLX)scale,PAAS scale and Workload Profile Index Ratings(WP)scale are selected for the design of 3×3 multi-factor mixed experiment.The power spectrum density(PSD)characteris-tics of electroencephalogram(EEG)are utilized to identify the difficulty levels of the three task sta-ges.The relevant indicators of scale applicability are assessed.The results show that in terms of sensitivity,NASA-TLX scale reaches the highest sensitivity(F=999.137,P=0<0.05).In terms of validity,NASA-TLX scale possesses the best concurrent validity(P=0.0255<0.05).In terms of diagnosticity,NASA-TLX scale based on 6 dimensions takes on the best diagnostic performance.In terms of subject acceptability,WP scale performs the worst.According to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)model,the applicability scores of NASA-TLX scale,PAAS scale and WP scale are determined as 3,2.55 and 1.6714,respectively.Therefore,NASA-TLX scale is regarded as the most suitable subjective evaluation questionnaire for assembly workers,which is also an effective quantitative evaluation method for the cognitive load of assembly workers.
文摘大部分城市区域居住环境为2类声功能区,昼间声级在60 d B以内,尽管能被2类区中大部分人接受,但还有部分人在该类声环境中有烦恼的感觉,这被称为“达标仍烦恼”现象。为了找出该现象背后的声学原理,即人群的烦恼度与等效A声级以及其他声学特征的内在联系,从人群主观感知角度出发,针对人口、交通密集型城市开放空间“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量评价开展研究,拓展现有单一A声级评价指标,确定“达标仍烦恼”区域的声级区间以及影响该区域声环境质量评价的“烦恼指标”。基于对上海市整体开放空间声环境主观满意度评价结果中的烦恼度区间划分,结合前期研究得到的5个独立声环境客观特征参量:等效连续A声级LA、噪声中值与环境本底值的差值L50-L90、A声级与C声级的差值LC-LA、波动度F以及尖锐度S等,得到城市“达标仍烦恼”区域LA的区间,即LA∈[53.6,60],并构建上海市2类声环境功能区“达标仍烦恼”区域“特征参量-主观满意度”样本集。进而,采用Pearson相关系数定量评估5种特征量对人群声主观感知的影响,筛选出3个“有效特征参量”:LA、L50-L90以及S,并基于其与满意度Sat的相关系数,计算出它们影响“主观满意度”的权重系数为0.46,0.41以及0.14。研究结果表明,城市整体声环境质量主观评价“有效特征参量”适用于“达标仍烦恼”区域,其中,LA和L50-L90是影响“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量的“烦恼指标”,在该烦恼声级区间[53.6,60]内,L50-L90指标对人群主观烦恼度的影响程度与LA相当。研究可为城市“达标仍烦恼”区域声环境质量的精准评估和管控提供有效的技术支持,并且可为后期在LA难以被进一步降低的情况下,通过降低区域声环境的L50-L90改善该类区域声环境质量指出研究方向。
