Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and th...Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and thinking modes,which is valuable to improve their English reading literacy.However,at present,most Chinese pupils have some problems in English reading.The paper aims at analyzing the current problems in Chinese pupils’English reading and digging out the values and strategies of English picture book reading,so as to stimulate their reading interests,cultivate their intercultural awareness,and improve their English reading literacy.展开更多
At the end of the 1950s,Shanghai region of China carried out the Lu Xun Medal Reading Campaign and the Red Flag Reading Campaign one after another,aiming to guide young people to read good books and cultivate a positi...At the end of the 1950s,Shanghai region of China carried out the Lu Xun Medal Reading Campaign and the Red Flag Reading Campaign one after another,aiming to guide young people to read good books and cultivate a positive interest in life through reading,which is a gentle and constant form of ideological education.Based on the historical materials collected by Shanghai Archives,the author investigated the background,development,main links,and effects of the reading movement.The research shows that the reading movement has promoted young peoples political awareness,broadened their knowledge horizons,and promoted the formation of a good social atmosphere.展开更多
This paper takes college students as research subjects to investigate the factors affecting L2 Reading ability and their regulation strategies through scale surveys.The findings are as follows:(1)Linguistic factors ha...This paper takes college students as research subjects to investigate the factors affecting L2 Reading ability and their regulation strategies through scale surveys.The findings are as follows:(1)Linguistic factors have significant impacts on L2 Reading ability,and the influence of non-linguistic factors,such as non-intellectual factors and cultural background knowledge,is also important;and(2)flexible use of reading regulation strategies according to the learning conditions(such as the information extraction strategy,the metacognitive reading regulation strategy,and the interactive reading strategy)can effectively improve learners’L2 Reading ability.The findings of this study have important theoretical and practical value for improving L2 learners’Reading ability.展开更多
In this paper, through the perspective of Merowitz’s media environmentalism, following the research path of media-scene-behaviour, and based on the results of the national reading survey released by the China Press a...In this paper, through the perspective of Merowitz’s media environmentalism, following the research path of media-scene-behaviour, and based on the results of the national reading survey released by the China Press and Publication Research Institute in the past ten years (2013-2022), we analyse the characteristics of national reading behaviours, explore the reasons for the changes in national reading behaviour in terms of technology, media, and scenarios. It also discusses the future trend of national reading behaviour and the promotion of national reading activities, and puts forward certain countermeasures from the government, schools and the society to make joint efforts to promote national reading.展开更多
L2 reading is not only an important channel for people to obtain information and knowledge,but also the main way for people to learn a foreign language.Reading information processing can be divided into controlled pro...L2 reading is not only an important channel for people to obtain information and knowledge,but also the main way for people to learn a foreign language.Reading information processing can be divided into controlled processing and automatic processing.Controlled information processing is a conscious and resource-intensive processing model,while automatic information processing is an unconscious and automatic processing model.This study investigates the characteristics and interactivity of controlled and automatic information processing in L2 reading,and explores the roles of controlled and automatic information processing strategies in improving L2 reading ability.The findings are as follows:(a)controlled and automatic information processing is interactive in L2 reading;and(b)the uses of controlled and automatic information processing strategies are beneficial to the improvement of the reading ability of L2 learners.This study has important theoretical and practical value in improving the efficiency of L2 reading teaching and learning.展开更多
Teenagers are in the special stage of physical and mental development,and their psychological problems show complex and diverse characteristics.Depression is the most common mental disorder among teenagers.Literary re...Teenagers are in the special stage of physical and mental development,and their psychological problems show complex and diverse characteristics.Depression is the most common mental disorder among teenagers.Literary reading has a certain intervention effect on depression and can be used as an important strategy for psychological intervention.Reading literature works can help teenagers understand and discover themselves from different angles,and then realize the self-recognition and intervention of depression.This paper mainly discusses the causes of depression in teenagers and the intervention principles and strategies of literary reading on depression,aiming to alleviate and eliminate the depressive symptoms of teenagers through literary reading and promote their physical and mental health development.展开更多
In the context of the information age,modern electronic technology has gradually penetrated into every aspect of our lives,and the field of education is no exception.Especially in English reading teaching,the applicat...In the context of the information age,modern electronic technology has gradually penetrated into every aspect of our lives,and the field of education is no exception.Especially in English reading teaching,the application of electronic technology has provided unprecedented convenience and possibilities for teachers and students.However,just as every coin has two sides,modern electronic technology has also brought a series of challenges.Some students may overly rely on electronic devices for reading and overlook traditional paper-based reading methods,leading to a decline in reading comprehension ability.In addition,prolonged use of electronic devices can also have a negative impact on students’eyesight.Therefore,when using electronic technology for reading teaching,teachers need to pay attention to guiding students reasonably,balancing the use of electronic devices and traditional reading methods,and protecting students’vision and reading comprehension abilities.This article aims to explore the promotion and challenges of modern electronic technology in English reading teaching.展开更多
Reading teaching is the core content of high school English teaching,and extracurricular literary classics reading is a supplement to in-class reading,which can deepen students’understanding and memorization of Engli...Reading teaching is the core content of high school English teaching,and extracurricular literary classics reading is a supplement to in-class reading,which can deepen students’understanding and memorization of English-related knowledge,and cultivate students’core literacy.This paper outlines the problems in high school English reading teaching,analyzes the significance of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English,and explores the teaching strategies of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English based on core literacy,with a view to providing valuable reference information for teachers.展开更多
In the current situation of economic globalization and communalization with a shared future for mankind,it is crucial to cultivate outstanding composite talents who possess morality,literacy,patriotism,business knowle...In the current situation of economic globalization and communalization with a shared future for mankind,it is crucial to cultivate outstanding composite talents who possess morality,literacy,patriotism,business knowledge,good cross-cultural communication skills,and teamwork spirit.This requires the Business English major to increase the reform of course ideology.This article will propose several innovative paths for the ideological and political education of Business English Reading courses based on the necessity of conducting ideological and political education in Business English majors and working together with colleagues to study.展开更多
English reading holds a pivotal position in junior high school English teaching,constituting an integral component of the entire educational process.Nowadays,it is imperative for English teachers to transcend the conv...English reading holds a pivotal position in junior high school English teaching,constituting an integral component of the entire educational process.Nowadays,it is imperative for English teachers to transcend the conventional,superficial reading instruction models and adopt a deep learning framework to fashion a profound reading classroom for students.This approach allows students to engage in inductive integration,application evaluation,and internalization and transfer,enabling them to delve into seemingly intricate and challenging texts,exploring them from multiple dimensions,including content,structure,and cultural implications.Ultimately,this fosters the development of students'comprehensive reading abilities and English core literacy.This paper,drawing from the perspective of deep learning and incorporating specific case studies,aims to devise a junior high school English reading instruction design that is both academically rigorous and emotionally engaging,with a focus on enhancing students'English core literacy and overall reading proficiency.展开更多
This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the m...This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the main data-gathering instruments.English language teachers from Coral na Munti National High School were selected as the respondents of the study.Finding of the study suggests that the syntactic complexity of the text affects the reading comprehension of the students.Students found it challenging to understand the message that the author conveyed if he or she used a large number of phrases and clauses in one sentence.Furthermore,the complex sentence syntactic structure was deemed the most challenging for students to understand.To overcome said challenges in comprehending text,various reading intervention programs were utilized by teachers.These interventions include focused or targeted instruction and the implementation of the Project Dear,suggested by the Department of Education.These programs were proven to help students improve their comprehension as well as their knowledge in syntactical structure of sentences.This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate reading materials and implementing suitable reading intervention programs to enhance students’comprehension skills.展开更多
The book Becoming a Reading Teacher:Connecting Research and Practice aims to encourage readers to regard reading as a lifelong habit.To bridge the gap between teachers and researchers,this book is structured around fo...The book Becoming a Reading Teacher:Connecting Research and Practice aims to encourage readers to regard reading as a lifelong habit.To bridge the gap between teachers and researchers,this book is structured around four parts:reading as a linguistic process,reading as a personal experience,reading as a collective experience,and reading as a classroom practice.The definition of a reading teacher can be interpreted in two ways:the teacher who builds readings into the lesson and the teacher who provides the opportunity for learners to be readers,but who is a reader themselves.Such teachers regard reading as a lifelong learning habit and pass on the enthusiasm to learners,eventually creating a reading culture beyond the classroom.However,the necessity for reading teachers to participate in the research may be explained as follows.Firstly,new research may change one’s mind.What’s more,research allows teachers to turn their difficulties,surprises,and challenges into questions,and to seek answers to those questions.In addition,research helps teachers overcome the challenges in teaching by discovering new strategies.Research can also help to prove teachers’choices and decisions in teaching.Secondly,research allows teachers to see the role they play in the bigger picture.Research connects teachers with others and gives them a broader and shared perspective on their questions and experiences.Last but not least,research informs and promotes changes in policy,thinking,and so on.展开更多
In the contemporary digital age,traditional reading habits have been compromised by digital media,a situation that has forced academic libraries to adopt proactive marketing approaches to promote reading among student...In the contemporary digital age,traditional reading habits have been compromised by digital media,a situation that has forced academic libraries to adopt proactive marketing approaches to promote reading among students and faculty.This article investigates the implementation of marketing strategies in promoting reading activities within academic libraries,taking the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology as a case study.The paper explores various marketing strategies employed by academic libraries,including market segmentation,utilization of new media platforms,and the creation of personalized content for readers.Drawing from an extensive literature review and real-world examples,the study establishes a framework for marketing reading promotion activities tailored to academic libraries.These findings underscore how effective marketing strategies can enhance user participation,expand library influence,and optimize resource utilization.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to determine the teacher’s perceptions of the challenges and strategies in supporting students with reading difficulties.This study used qualitative method of research and descriptive app...The purpose of this study is to determine the teacher’s perceptions of the challenges and strategies in supporting students with reading difficulties.This study used qualitative method of research and descriptive approach as its research design,in addition to a set of structured interview questions administered through Google Forms to gather data from elementary teachers of Taal Central School,located at Taal Batangas.These structured interview questions were carefully designed to cover various dimensions of the study,including the types of challenges perceived by teachers,strategies employed,and possible solutions for addressing the problems encountered in the process of supporting students with reading difficulties.The results revealed that teachers faced several challenges when teaching students with reading difficulties such as emotional and motivational issues/factors,lack of resources or teaching aids,deficits in knowledge and skills,and problems with student engagement and participation.This study also showed common approaches utilized by the teachers in supporting students with reading difficulties,which were fostering a positive and supportive environment,adopting individualized and multifaceted approaches,and utilizing effective teaching tools and strategies.Lastly,teachers also concluded varied solutions in addressing the challenges perceived in teaching students with reading difficulties towards fostering reading proficiency.These include developing peer support,use of positive reinforcement,and parental involvement.Moreover,specialized resources,professional development for teachers,and specific teaching strategies are also highlighted as crucial components.By integrating these approaches,teachers concluded that it can create a supportive and effective learning environment tailored to the needs of students with reading difficulties.展开更多
Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of Briti...Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of British and American culture,and its application in high school English reading teaching can help improve students’English proficiency.This paper outlines the problems of high school English teaching,analyzes the role of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,and explores the infiltration methods of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,in order to provide references for teachers.展开更多
Reading and writing are input and output respectively. The relation between reading and writing is closely related. Reading is the preparation for good writing. And writing theory or law can provide readers some clues...Reading and writing are input and output respectively. The relation between reading and writing is closely related. Reading is the preparation for good writing. And writing theory or law can provide readers some clues for better understanding. The relation between reading and writing can help our English teaching in and out class. Also the way of thinking influences our reading and writing.展开更多
Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective...Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective of this study was to review all available reading tests both conventional and digital and explore their integrated characteristics.A systematic review of the recent literature regarding reading charts was performed based on the PubM ed,Google Scholar,and Springer databases between February and March 2021.Data from 11 descriptive and 24 comparative studies were included in the present systematic review.Clinical settings are still dominated by conventional printed reading charts;however,the most prevalent of them(i.e.,Jaeger type charts)are not validated.Reliable reading capacity assessment is done only by those that comply with the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)recommendations.Digital reading tests are gaining popularity both in clinical and research settings and are differentiated in standard computer-based applications that require installation either in a computer or a tablet(e.g.,Advanced VISION Test and web-based ones e.g.,Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test requires no installation).It is evident that validated digital tests will prevail in future clinical or research settings and it is upon ophthalmologists to select the one most compatible with their examination routine.展开更多
基金This paper is one of the results of the research programs the author participated“Research on Primary School English Picture Book Reading Teaching Practice from the Perspective of Subject Core Literacy”(Grant Fund No.2022ZJY1214)the key project of the“14th Five-Year Plan”for Education Science in Guangxi in 2022.
文摘Reading is one of the core skills in English learning.It is indispensable for EFL learners to develop good English reading literacy in primary schools.English picture books are consistent with pupils’cognitive and thinking modes,which is valuable to improve their English reading literacy.However,at present,most Chinese pupils have some problems in English reading.The paper aims at analyzing the current problems in Chinese pupils’English reading and digging out the values and strategies of English picture book reading,so as to stimulate their reading interests,cultivate their intercultural awareness,and improve their English reading literacy.
文摘At the end of the 1950s,Shanghai region of China carried out the Lu Xun Medal Reading Campaign and the Red Flag Reading Campaign one after another,aiming to guide young people to read good books and cultivate a positive interest in life through reading,which is a gentle and constant form of ideological education.Based on the historical materials collected by Shanghai Archives,the author investigated the background,development,main links,and effects of the reading movement.The research shows that the reading movement has promoted young peoples political awareness,broadened their knowledge horizons,and promoted the formation of a good social atmosphere.
基金funded by the Social Sciences Annual Research Project of Shanghai“A Study on the Interactive Processing Mechanism of English L2 Text Reading”(Grant No.2021BYY008).
文摘This paper takes college students as research subjects to investigate the factors affecting L2 Reading ability and their regulation strategies through scale surveys.The findings are as follows:(1)Linguistic factors have significant impacts on L2 Reading ability,and the influence of non-linguistic factors,such as non-intellectual factors and cultural background knowledge,is also important;and(2)flexible use of reading regulation strategies according to the learning conditions(such as the information extraction strategy,the metacognitive reading regulation strategy,and the interactive reading strategy)can effectively improve learners’L2 Reading ability.The findings of this study have important theoretical and practical value for improving L2 learners’Reading ability.
文摘In this paper, through the perspective of Merowitz’s media environmentalism, following the research path of media-scene-behaviour, and based on the results of the national reading survey released by the China Press and Publication Research Institute in the past ten years (2013-2022), we analyse the characteristics of national reading behaviours, explore the reasons for the changes in national reading behaviour in terms of technology, media, and scenarios. It also discusses the future trend of national reading behaviour and the promotion of national reading activities, and puts forward certain countermeasures from the government, schools and the society to make joint efforts to promote national reading.
文摘L2 reading is not only an important channel for people to obtain information and knowledge,but also the main way for people to learn a foreign language.Reading information processing can be divided into controlled processing and automatic processing.Controlled information processing is a conscious and resource-intensive processing model,while automatic information processing is an unconscious and automatic processing model.This study investigates the characteristics and interactivity of controlled and automatic information processing in L2 reading,and explores the roles of controlled and automatic information processing strategies in improving L2 reading ability.The findings are as follows:(a)controlled and automatic information processing is interactive in L2 reading;and(b)the uses of controlled and automatic information processing strategies are beneficial to the improvement of the reading ability of L2 learners.This study has important theoretical and practical value in improving the efficiency of L2 reading teaching and learning.
文摘Teenagers are in the special stage of physical and mental development,and their psychological problems show complex and diverse characteristics.Depression is the most common mental disorder among teenagers.Literary reading has a certain intervention effect on depression and can be used as an important strategy for psychological intervention.Reading literature works can help teenagers understand and discover themselves from different angles,and then realize the self-recognition and intervention of depression.This paper mainly discusses the causes of depression in teenagers and the intervention principles and strategies of literary reading on depression,aiming to alleviate and eliminate the depressive symptoms of teenagers through literary reading and promote their physical and mental health development.
文摘In the context of the information age,modern electronic technology has gradually penetrated into every aspect of our lives,and the field of education is no exception.Especially in English reading teaching,the application of electronic technology has provided unprecedented convenience and possibilities for teachers and students.However,just as every coin has two sides,modern electronic technology has also brought a series of challenges.Some students may overly rely on electronic devices for reading and overlook traditional paper-based reading methods,leading to a decline in reading comprehension ability.In addition,prolonged use of electronic devices can also have a negative impact on students’eyesight.Therefore,when using electronic technology for reading teaching,teachers need to pay attention to guiding students reasonably,balancing the use of electronic devices and traditional reading methods,and protecting students’vision and reading comprehension abilities.This article aims to explore the promotion and challenges of modern electronic technology in English reading teaching.
文摘Reading teaching is the core content of high school English teaching,and extracurricular literary classics reading is a supplement to in-class reading,which can deepen students’understanding and memorization of English-related knowledge,and cultivate students’core literacy.This paper outlines the problems in high school English reading teaching,analyzes the significance of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English,and explores the teaching strategies of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English based on core literacy,with a view to providing valuable reference information for teachers.
基金Heilongjiang Provincial Education Science“14th Five-Year Plan”2022 Key Project“Research on the Recitation of Chinese Classics in College English Majors Under the New Liberal Arts”(Project number:GJB1422589)。
文摘In the current situation of economic globalization and communalization with a shared future for mankind,it is crucial to cultivate outstanding composite talents who possess morality,literacy,patriotism,business knowledge,good cross-cultural communication skills,and teamwork spirit.This requires the Business English major to increase the reform of course ideology.This article will propose several innovative paths for the ideological and political education of Business English Reading courses based on the necessity of conducting ideological and political education in Business English majors and working together with colleagues to study.
文摘English reading holds a pivotal position in junior high school English teaching,constituting an integral component of the entire educational process.Nowadays,it is imperative for English teachers to transcend the conventional,superficial reading instruction models and adopt a deep learning framework to fashion a profound reading classroom for students.This approach allows students to engage in inductive integration,application evaluation,and internalization and transfer,enabling them to delve into seemingly intricate and challenging texts,exploring them from multiple dimensions,including content,structure,and cultural implications.Ultimately,this fosters the development of students'comprehensive reading abilities and English core literacy.This paper,drawing from the perspective of deep learning and incorporating specific case studies,aims to devise a junior high school English reading instruction design that is both academically rigorous and emotionally engaging,with a focus on enhancing students'English core literacy and overall reading proficiency.
文摘This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the main data-gathering instruments.English language teachers from Coral na Munti National High School were selected as the respondents of the study.Finding of the study suggests that the syntactic complexity of the text affects the reading comprehension of the students.Students found it challenging to understand the message that the author conveyed if he or she used a large number of phrases and clauses in one sentence.Furthermore,the complex sentence syntactic structure was deemed the most challenging for students to understand.To overcome said challenges in comprehending text,various reading intervention programs were utilized by teachers.These interventions include focused or targeted instruction and the implementation of the Project Dear,suggested by the Department of Education.These programs were proven to help students improve their comprehension as well as their knowledge in syntactical structure of sentences.This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate reading materials and implementing suitable reading intervention programs to enhance students’comprehension skills.
基金Henan Social Science Foundation Project“Research on the Typological Macro-Event Variation of Chinese Reciprocal Construction”(2023BYY002)Henan University Graduate Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project“English Language Intelligence Interdisciplinary Talent Training and Practice”(YJSJG2023XJ026)。
文摘The book Becoming a Reading Teacher:Connecting Research and Practice aims to encourage readers to regard reading as a lifelong habit.To bridge the gap between teachers and researchers,this book is structured around four parts:reading as a linguistic process,reading as a personal experience,reading as a collective experience,and reading as a classroom practice.The definition of a reading teacher can be interpreted in two ways:the teacher who builds readings into the lesson and the teacher who provides the opportunity for learners to be readers,but who is a reader themselves.Such teachers regard reading as a lifelong learning habit and pass on the enthusiasm to learners,eventually creating a reading culture beyond the classroom.However,the necessity for reading teachers to participate in the research may be explained as follows.Firstly,new research may change one’s mind.What’s more,research allows teachers to turn their difficulties,surprises,and challenges into questions,and to seek answers to those questions.In addition,research helps teachers overcome the challenges in teaching by discovering new strategies.Research can also help to prove teachers’choices and decisions in teaching.Secondly,research allows teachers to see the role they play in the bigger picture.Research connects teachers with others and gives them a broader and shared perspective on their questions and experiences.Last but not least,research informs and promotes changes in policy,thinking,and so on.
文摘In the contemporary digital age,traditional reading habits have been compromised by digital media,a situation that has forced academic libraries to adopt proactive marketing approaches to promote reading among students and faculty.This article investigates the implementation of marketing strategies in promoting reading activities within academic libraries,taking the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology as a case study.The paper explores various marketing strategies employed by academic libraries,including market segmentation,utilization of new media platforms,and the creation of personalized content for readers.Drawing from an extensive literature review and real-world examples,the study establishes a framework for marketing reading promotion activities tailored to academic libraries.These findings underscore how effective marketing strategies can enhance user participation,expand library influence,and optimize resource utilization.
文摘The purpose of this study is to determine the teacher’s perceptions of the challenges and strategies in supporting students with reading difficulties.This study used qualitative method of research and descriptive approach as its research design,in addition to a set of structured interview questions administered through Google Forms to gather data from elementary teachers of Taal Central School,located at Taal Batangas.These structured interview questions were carefully designed to cover various dimensions of the study,including the types of challenges perceived by teachers,strategies employed,and possible solutions for addressing the problems encountered in the process of supporting students with reading difficulties.The results revealed that teachers faced several challenges when teaching students with reading difficulties such as emotional and motivational issues/factors,lack of resources or teaching aids,deficits in knowledge and skills,and problems with student engagement and participation.This study also showed common approaches utilized by the teachers in supporting students with reading difficulties,which were fostering a positive and supportive environment,adopting individualized and multifaceted approaches,and utilizing effective teaching tools and strategies.Lastly,teachers also concluded varied solutions in addressing the challenges perceived in teaching students with reading difficulties towards fostering reading proficiency.These include developing peer support,use of positive reinforcement,and parental involvement.Moreover,specialized resources,professional development for teachers,and specific teaching strategies are also highlighted as crucial components.By integrating these approaches,teachers concluded that it can create a supportive and effective learning environment tailored to the needs of students with reading difficulties.
文摘Reading is the key content of high school English teaching,which can improve students’mastery of words,grammar,and other knowledge,and can expand their horizons.British and American literature is the essence of British and American culture,and its application in high school English reading teaching can help improve students’English proficiency.This paper outlines the problems of high school English teaching,analyzes the role of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,and explores the infiltration methods of British and American literature in high school English reading teaching,in order to provide references for teachers.
文摘Reading and writing are input and output respectively. The relation between reading and writing is closely related. Reading is the preparation for good writing. And writing theory or law can provide readers some clues for better understanding. The relation between reading and writing can help our English teaching in and out class. Also the way of thinking influences our reading and writing.
文摘Adequate near and intermediate visual capacity is important in performing everyday tasks,especially after the introduction of smartphones and computers in our professional and recreational activities.Primary objective of this study was to review all available reading tests both conventional and digital and explore their integrated characteristics.A systematic review of the recent literature regarding reading charts was performed based on the PubM ed,Google Scholar,and Springer databases between February and March 2021.Data from 11 descriptive and 24 comparative studies were included in the present systematic review.Clinical settings are still dominated by conventional printed reading charts;however,the most prevalent of them(i.e.,Jaeger type charts)are not validated.Reliable reading capacity assessment is done only by those that comply with the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)recommendations.Digital reading tests are gaining popularity both in clinical and research settings and are differentiated in standard computer-based applications that require installation either in a computer or a tablet(e.g.,Advanced VISION Test and web-based ones e.g.,Democritus Digital Acuity Reading Test requires no installation).It is evident that validated digital tests will prevail in future clinical or research settings and it is upon ophthalmologists to select the one most compatible with their examination routine.