Utility and Application of a Versatile Analytical Method for MMF Calculation in AC Machines

A versatile analytical method(VAM) for calculating the harmonic components of the magnetomotive force(MMF) generated by diverse armature windings in AC machines has been proposed, and the versatility of this method has been established in early literature. However, its practical applications and significance in advancing the analysis of AC machines need further elaboration. This paper aims to complement VAM by augmenting its theory, offering additional insights into its conclusions, as well as demonstrating its utility in assessing armature windings and its application of calculating torque for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSM). This work contributes to advancing the analysis of AC machines and underscores the potential for improved design and performance optimization.

An Exact Analytical Method for Magnetic Field Computation and Electromagnetic Torque in a Concentric Magnetic Gear

准确计算磁力齿轮电磁转矩是设计、分析磁力齿轮的关键,采用二维全局解析法计算同心式磁力齿轮气隙磁场。求解场域划分为内外转子永磁体、内外两层气隙和调磁定子的槽形区域,3类子区域的拉普拉斯方程和泊松方程通过边界连续条件建立联系。得到内外两层气隙区域的矢量磁位磁通密度解析表达式,有利于方便、快速、精确地计算任意转子位置的电磁转矩。计算了内外两层气隙磁场和内外转子电磁转矩,将气隙磁场波形和内外转子电磁转矩波形分别与二维有限元法计算波形作比较,结果吻合,证明了方法的正确性和有效性。

General analytical method of designing shielded coils for arbitrary axial magnetic field

Magnetic coils for specific requirements are widely used in modern quantum physics. In this study, a general analytical method of designing the shielded coils for generating an arbitrary axial magnetic field is proposed. The theoretical formula for an axial magnetic field generated by a single shielded coil is obtained and used to construct specific coils. The structural parameters of these coils are determined by fitting the theoretical formula with their specific requirements. The feasibility of this method is proved by realizing four concrete kinds of coils: uniform magnetic field generating coils, gradient magnetic field generating coils, asymmetrical uniform magnetic field generating coils, and parabolic magnetic field generating coils. The correctness of these theoretical results is demonstrated by both the finite element simulations and the relevant experimental results. Furthermore, the application of this method is of great significance for developing the quantum physics and quantum devices in future.

Numerical-Analytical Method for Magnetic Field Computation in Rotational Electric Machines

A numerical-analytical method is applied for the two-dimensional magnetic field computation in rotational electric machines in this paper. The analytical expressions for air gap magnetic field are derived. The pole pairs in the expressions are taken into account so that the solution region can be reduced within one periodic range. The numerical and analytical magnetic field equations are linked with equal vector magnetic potential boundary conditions. The magnetic field of a brushless permanent magnet machine is computed by the proposed method. The result is compared to that obtained by finite element method so as to validate the correction of the method.

Computing Radial Distortion of Projector Magnetic Lenses by Analytical Method

The radial distortion of projector magnetic lenses with field distributions in the form of inverse law has been theoretically studied using analytical method. The radial distortion coefficient can be expressed explicitly in term of Bessel function of fraction order Therefore, analytical formulae for radial distortion coefficient of each projector magnetic lenses in this article have derived to computation these coefficients. Also, the dimensionless quality factors for radial distortion are calculated to estimate the performance of image in electron microscope. The results of calculations show that the increasing of order of multipole （n） leads to increase the radial distortion coefficient.

Analytical Solutions for the Two-Dimensional Magnetic Fields in Disc-Type Permanent Magnet Machines

A two dimensional analytical method for predicting the magnetic field in the airgap/magnet region of a permanent magnet (PM) disc type machine is presented. The solutions of the governing field equations are given in both Cartesian and cylindrical coordinates. The expressions derived in this paper can be used conveniently for optimal design of machine. The computed results using the proposed 2D analytical method are validated by the more accurate, though a lot more complicated, 3D finite element analyses.

Permanent Magnet Shape Optimization Method for PMSM Air Gap Flux Density Harmonics Reduction

This paper proposed a permanent magnet optimization method to suppress the air gap flux density harmonic of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM).The method corrected the effective air gap length of the motor,calculated the magnetization length of the permanent in the case of parallel magnetization,and took the influence of the permanent magnet relative permeability into consideration.Based on these works,for a given sinusoidal air gap flux density waveform,the corresponding structural parameters can be calculated,so as to achieve the optimization of the permanent magnet.By using this method to optimize the shape of the magnet,the fundamental wave of the air gap flux density can be retained to the greatest extent,so as to eliminate harmonics and maintain the output capacity at the same time.The feasibility and accuracy of the method have been verified by finite element analysis(FEA)and prototype machine experiment.This method is simple and time-saving,and has a satisfactory accuracy,which provides a reference method for permanent magnet optimization of PMSM.

Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators for Wave Power Generation

In this paper, a design method for ocean wave permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)is proposed with new performance criteria to obtain better output performance at the cost of less permanent magnet material. Besides, a simple equivalent analytical geometry method is put forward to calculate the sizes of permanent magnets. Based on geometric and electromagnetic models, four types of rotor structures are compared, i.e., embedded, tangential, tile surface mount and convex surface mount structures. The designs and comparisons of machine are performed with the same permanent magnet volume. Moreover, the influences of mechanical pole-arc coefficient of tile surface mount PMSG on electrical efficiency, output power, material corrosion, core loss, and torque ripple are investigated. Finite-element analysis method is applied to verify the results using Ansoft/Maxwell.

Calculation of Circumferential Modal Frequencies of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Accurate calculation of the natural frequencies of permanent magnet synchronous motors( PMSMs) is essential to the prediction of vibration and noise of PMSMs. The analytical and numerical methods are respectively used to calculate natural frequencies of stator yoke,stator core,stator core with windings,motor casing and stator system. It is found that the relative errors between calculated results with traditional analytical formulas and numerical results are very large. For the sake of reducing relative errors,novel analytical formulas of calculating circumferential modal frequencies of stator core,stator core with windings,motor casing and stator system are proposed. Compared with the results of numerical and experimental modal analysis,the effectiveness of novel analytical formulas is verified.

Comparative Analysis of Bilateral Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors With Different Structures

Permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM)has the advantages of high thrust density and good control accuracy,which can be applied in high-power and high-speed occasions.In this paper,the analytical models are established to obtain the electromagnetic performance for the PMLSMs with dual secondaries and dual primaries.The air-gap flux density and the electromagnetic thrust are also obtained by the finite element model to verify theoretical analysis.Besides,an improved structure is also put forward in order to suppress the thrust fluctuation of the PMLSM.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of two PMLSMs topologies are listed.These analyses would provide a guide for the design of PMLSMs applied in high-power and high-speed occasions.

Detection of UXO magnetic anomaly in Jinshan area

Magnetic survey is one of the most successful techniques for locating buried unexploded ordnances( UXO). For the location and identification of buried UXO in Jinshan area,a total-field magnetic survey is applied. The analytic signal of magnetic field is widely used to outline the boundaries of geology bodies,slightly dependent on the magnetization direction. In order to locate the UXO position,the analytic signal is applied to process the magnetic UXO data,which performs better than the conventional magnetic data. Then a typical UXO anomaly is extracted from the original data to invert for its depth by an improved Euler method proposed.The calculated depth is close to the real buried depth.

基于层次分析法-德尔菲法的高价值专利筛选研究——以稀土永磁产业为例

高价值专利作为知识产权强国建设的压舱石,对其进行筛选及评估具有重要的现实意义。构建涵盖经济-技术-法律-战略“四维一体”的高价值专利评价指标体系,综合运用层次分析法和德尔菲法,依托DPS数据处理系统为指标赋权,以大为(Innojoy)专利数据库为数据源进行检索,筛选永磁材料高价值专利。将排名前10位的高价值专利呈现作为模拟现实示例以供参考。对比DPI指数,发现高价值专利筛选结果高度吻合。本评价体系及方法适用于从海量专利中遴选出高价值专利,可为产业相关从业人员及研究者判别技术实力、进行专利资产管理及聚焦技术创新研究提供一种可供参考的专利筛选方式。

考虑端部效应的动子无源型Halbach磁悬浮永磁直线电机电磁力分析

针对光刻机等高精确度定位平台无摩擦、无接触、无噪声需求,提出一种采用动子无源型平移和悬浮一体化Halbach磁悬浮永磁直线电机以实现定位平台的无摩擦悬浮及长距离定位运动。为了精确分析该类电机的悬浮力和推力特性,提出一种考虑动子永磁体端部效应的电机磁场解析模型并采用傅里叶分解法得到Halbach阵列永磁体磁场解析式。基于此磁场解析模型,通过洛伦兹力法得到了动子电磁力解析模型,并基于正交分解法推导了电机悬浮力和推力解耦的电磁力模型。结合有限元仿真对建立的电磁模型进行了对比验证,在此基础上,设计并制作了一台10极12槽样机,通过搭建实验平台进行推力和悬浮力测试,将实验测试值与有限元仿真值和解析值对比验证了所提出方法的准确性和快速性。

水产品小分子代谢物的分析方法研究进展

水产品小分子代谢物具有丰富的种类,根据结构特点可以将它们分为糖、脂肪酸、氨基酸、核苷酸以及相关衍生物等。小分子代谢物在水产品的营养品质方面发挥着重要的作用,使用常见的食品分析方法如光谱法、色谱法、质谱法、色质联用法以及核磁共振波谱法对水产品小分子代谢物进行靶向和非靶向代谢物组的研究,能够对水产品品种分类、掺假检测、风味调控以及品质控制等方向提供关键信息。针对不同的分析物种类和分析目的,通常需要选择不同的分析方法,该综述从分析方法的角度,全面讨论了光谱、色谱、质谱、核磁共振波谱及其组合在检测水产品小分子代谢物方面的进展,聚焦于它们的特点以及优劣势,论述了它们相关研究中的应用和成果,旨在为水产品中小分子代谢物的研究提供参考。

异步起动永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩的削弱

由于异步起动永磁同步电动机的定转子双边开槽,增加了其齿槽转矩的特性分析及削弱措施研究的难度,现有针对该类电机齿槽转矩的削弱措施效果有限。首先,基于永磁体单独作用时的气隙磁密分布、定转子开槽引起的气隙磁导函数分布的解析模型,建立了齿槽转矩的解析分析模型;然后,研究了能有效削弱齿槽转矩的电机结构参数确定方法;最后,以一台18.5 kW样机为例,确定了能有效抑制电机齿槽转矩的定子齿宽、转子齿宽。结果显示,与现有削弱措施相比,确定的定子齿宽、转子齿宽能进一步将齿槽转矩削弱46.64%、65.98%,并且不会对电机的运行性能产生显著影响。

基于深度神经网络的永磁直线电机仿真与优化

针对永磁直线同步电机(permanent magnet linear synchronous machine,PMLSM)有限元仿真模型的计算时间长,不能直观地显示结构参数与输出推力的关系,无法指导电机结构参数优化等问题,提出基于子域解析法和深度神经网络算法的PMLSM改进仿真模型,根据麦克斯韦方程组计算得到电机的磁通密度、空载反电势等性能数据,结合深度神经网络算法拟合出电机结构参数与输出推力的非线性关系。基于此模型,使用自适应遗传算法对PMLSM的推力密度进行优化,并与有限元仿真结果对比。结果表明:PMLSM改进仿真模型的计算速度是有限元模型的87.1倍,推力计算结果与有限元结果的平均误差为2.87%,优化后的电机推力密度提高了5.7%。

考虑不对称饱和的电机径向电磁力解析建模

由于内置式永磁同步电机磁饱和特性的存在,使得解析分析电机运行过程中定子所受的径向电磁力缺乏系统有效的方法,不利于在前期设计开发阶段进行电机电磁振动和噪声的抑制。针对内置式永磁同步电机转子不对称磁饱和的问题提出了一种电磁力的解析计算模型。通过将绕组函数法与等效磁路法相结合,推导了考虑电磁饱和情况下的电机磁动势。利用卡特系数计算了电机的等效气隙磁导。通过磁势乘磁导法建立气隙磁场模型,并结合Maxwell应力方程最终建立了电机径向电磁力的解析模型。最终通过有限元法验证了该模型的准确性。该模型能够反应电磁力与电机各结构参数的关系,有利于在设计阶段快速改进电机结构来抑制电机电磁振动和噪声。

永磁同步电动机电磁振动特性及抑制措施

电磁振动水平是永磁同步电动机的重要评价指标之一,为了有效抑制永磁同步电动机的电磁振动,首先建立了转子永磁体磁动势、定子绕组电流磁动势与定子齿槽相互作用产生的径向电磁力的解析分析模型。然后建立了电机的变参数矢量控制系统的场路耦合联合分析模型,以一台11 kW内置式永磁同步电动机为样机,利用机械阻抗法得到了电机主要低阶电磁力产生的电磁振动噪声频谱,确定了对电机电磁振动起主要作用的低阶电磁力的频率。最后利用遗传-蚁群算法,研究了通过优化电机的定子齿槽参数有效削弱具有上述频率的低阶电磁力,从而有效抑制电机的电磁振动。结果显示,利用所提方法确定的定子齿槽参数能有效抑制电机的电磁振动,并且对电机的运行性能产生的影响较小。

新型Halbach阵列盘式永磁电机的磁场解析

基于印制电路板(PCB)技术的盘式永磁电机(AFPMM)提出一种新型Halbach阵列的转子结构,该阵列结构简单、易于优化。运用矢量磁位法对新型转子产生的空载气隙磁密进行解析推导,获得关于气隙磁场的数学模型。基于该模型,保持永磁体总用量不变,以永磁体极弧系数比和径向长度比作为优化变量,气隙磁密基波幅值和谐波畸变率作为优化目标,确立最优转子结构参数。三维有限元仿真结果表明,解析法所得的气隙磁密波形与有限元法基本一致,验证了所提出解析模型的合理性。与传统Halbach阵列相比,新型Halbach阵列气隙磁密基波幅值提升了10.3%,同时谐波畸变率由19.8%降至4.8%,优化效果明显,可以有效降低高频工况下电机的涡流损耗、提升电机效率。最后制造一台样机进行相关实验测试,验证了解析和仿真分析的正确性,对PCB定子AFPMM的设计具有一定参考价值。

舰艇磁性对抗能力综合评估模型

为精确评估舰艇对抗磁性水雷的能力,本文提出了一种基于层次分析法和模糊综合评价法的舰艇磁性对抗能力评估模型。基于层次分析法建立了舰艇磁性处理与磁性水雷对抗能力评估指标体系,通过专家打分法求得指标权重,利用多级模糊综合评价法进行综合对抗评估,其中隶属度函数采用正态分布函数,模糊综合算子采用乘加、加权平均型算子。采用多物理场仿真和磁性船模在磁性处理前后分别进行对抗能力评估。研究表明:磁性处理前后舰艇对抗磁性水雷的评估分值分数分别提升了35.65分和21.58分。评估结果验证了所建模型的合理性和有效性。