[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The charact...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The characteristics of IMP and IMF deposition of 112-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） and its two different 70-day- old crossbreeds （J×B and B×B） were analyzed. The IMP content in breast muscle and leg muscle were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of IMP and cor- rected inosine monophosphate （IMPc） in breast muscle were significantly or ex- tremely significantly higher than that in leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no sig- nificant difference in the contents of IMP and IMPc between hens and roosters （P〉 0.05）. The fresh degree of breast muscle and leg muscle was 96,11%-98.16% and 87.22%-93.07%, respectively. And the fresh degree of breast muscle was higher than that of leg muscle. In the three groups, the IMF content in leg muscle was significantly higher than that in breast muscle whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05）. The contents of IMF in breast muscle and leg muscle were 0.36%-0.75% and 1.84%-2.38%, respectively. The iMP content in breast muscle of chickens in Bx J group was extremely significantly higher than that in breast muscle of chickens in JxJ group （P〈0.01）, but the contents of IMPc and iMF of breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] To sum up, the freshness and flavor significantly differ between the breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens, but show no significant difference among the three groups.展开更多
To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divide...To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into four experimental groups： experimental group 1 （protein 15%, metabolic energy 9.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 2 （protein 16%, metabolic energy 10.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 3 （protein 17%, metabolic energy 12.65 MJ/kg） and experimental group 4 （ protein 18%, metabolic energy 13.95 MJ/kg）, respectively. All chickens were slaughtered at 112-day old. The breast and leg muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens were collected, to determine the slaughter performance, conventional meat quality and muscle chemical indicators. The results indicated that dressing-out percentage and eviscerated yield percentage in four experimental groups were above 87.27% and 67.00%, respectively; other slaughter performance indicators exhibited no significant differences among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; breast muscle color of hens in experimental group 4 varied significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; leg muscle color of hens in experimental group 2 varied extremely significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; water-holding capacity of breast muscles of hens in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 4 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thiamine content of breast muscles of cocks in experimental group 3 was significandy higher than that in experimental group 2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; however, other properties exhibited no significant differenees among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ）.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the effect of diet with Picria fel-tarrae Lour particle(PFLp)on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,immune and antioxidant function of Hongguang yellow chickens(HYC).[Methods]80 HYC...[Objectives]To investigate the effect of diet with Picria fel-tarrae Lour particle(PFLp)on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,immune and antioxidant function of Hongguang yellow chickens(HYC).[Methods]80 HYC in age of 1 d were divided into 4 groups randomly and each group was assigned to 5 replicates with 24 chicks in each replicate.Group A was control group fed only basal diet.Group B,C and D were treatment groups and fed diets with 0.125%,0.25%and 0.50%of PFLp respectively during the trial of 49 d.Serum samples were taken from 10 chicks in each group in the age of 21,35 and 49 d respectively and analyzed for biochemical,immune and antioxidant parameters in blood.[Results]ADG from group C in 21 d was increased significantly than that from group A,B and D(P<0.01),and ADG in 35 d from group C was also significantly greater than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05),but not much difference was found on ADG among the 4 groups in 49 d(P>0.05);ADFI from group C in 35 d was significantly higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).ADFI from group C in 21 and 49 d were also higher than that from group A(P>0.05).FCR from group C in 21 d was much better than that from the other three groups(P<0.01).Death rate of group C was 50 percent lower than group A;There was no difference occurred in serum biochemical and immune parameters among the 4 groups during the trial(P>0.05).However,the T-AOC from group C and D in 21 d was enhanced significantly than that from group A and B(P<0.01),and the one from group C in 35 d was also increased greatly than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).GSH from group C and D in 21 d was much higher than that from group A and B(P<0.05),and the ones from group C and D in 35 d were also significantly higher than those from group A and B(P<0.01).T-SOD in three stages trended up also in group C and D(P>0.05).[Conclusions]The diet with 0.25%PFLp in 21 and 35 d could dramatically improve the growth performance,significantly increase the antioxidant capacity and effectively reduce death rate.Diet with 0.25%PFLp is the most appropriate among the three different additions.展开更多
为研究不同养殖方式下宁都黄鸡肌肉关键挥发性风味物质,将试验鸡随机分为笼养组和平养组,饲喂同一日粮。试验鸡达上市日龄时对鸡肉进行感官品尝评价和挥发性风味物质检测,并采用正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squar...为研究不同养殖方式下宁都黄鸡肌肉关键挥发性风味物质,将试验鸡随机分为笼养组和平养组,饲喂同一日粮。试验鸡达上市日龄时对鸡肉进行感官品尝评价和挥发性风味物质检测,并采用正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)方法筛选与不同养殖方式相关的差异性风味物质。结果表明:平养组和笼养组共有的挥发性风味物质27种,主要为酚类、醇类和烃类。挥发性风味物质中,己醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、E-2-壬烯醛、正己醇、壬醛、2,3-戊二酮、癸醛、2,3-辛二酮、E-2-辛烯醛为具有显著性差异的挥发性风味物质。综上,这一研究可为地方鸡肉品质基于风味物质的评价提供科学依据。展开更多
【背景】睾丸是雄性动物重要生殖器官,具有产生精子和分泌雄激素的功能,睾丸质量与繁殖性能有直接联系。睾丸性状受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴多基因共同调控,其分子机理尚不清楚。宁都黄鸡睾丸性状变异系数大,繁殖性能一致性差。【目的】通过...【背景】睾丸是雄性动物重要生殖器官,具有产生精子和分泌雄激素的功能,睾丸质量与繁殖性能有直接联系。睾丸性状受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴多基因共同调控,其分子机理尚不清楚。宁都黄鸡睾丸性状变异系数大,繁殖性能一致性差。【目的】通过对不同睾丸性状个体垂体组织进行全长转录组测序,挖掘候选基因以及关键信号通路,探究影响睾丸性状的遗传基础,以期为发展地方鸡种睾丸性状的选种选育提供依据。【方法】以70只22周龄宁都黄公鸡为研究对象,分为大睾丸组和小睾丸组,从两组中分别选取3个个体,构建垂体组织的全长转录本表达谱,筛选高表达量及两组个体差异表达基因或转录本,对差异基因或转录本进行功能富集分析。随机选取6个基因,进行基因表达水平验证。参考已知垂体细胞的标记基因,筛选与8种细胞标记基因对应的差异表达基因或转录本,并分析这些差异基因或转录本以及高表达量基因或转录本与睾丸性状相关性。【结果】在6个宁都黄鸡垂体组织中,检测到21834个基因,29355个全长转录本。其中,332个基因及229个转录本在两组个体中差异表达。KEGG通路分析结果显示,这些差异基因或转录本主要富集于Apelin信号、甘油磷脂代谢等通路。一共发现5个促性腺细胞标记基因或其对应转录本与部分睾丸性状显著相关,包括NFASC(neurofascin)及其对应转录本XM_015298904.2、TESC(tescalcin)及其对应转录本XM_025155510.1、FSHB(folliclestimulatinghormonebeta)转录本ONT.20974.4、RLN3(relaxin 3)、NDUFB2(NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B2)转录本ONT.1176.4。1个催乳素细胞标记基因EGR1(early growth response 1),2个滤泡星状细胞标记基因TMSB4X(thymosin beta 4,X-linked)、C1H12ORF57(chromosome 1 open reading frame),1个促甲状腺细胞标记基因CHGB(chromogranin B)均与部分睾丸性状显著相关。2个高表达量基因TMSB4X、HSP90AA1(heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1)与部分睾丸性状显著相关。FSHB、EGR1均为基因互作网络中节点基因。【结论】经初步功能分析,EGR1、TMSB4X、FSHB、RLN3为睾丸性状调控的关键基因。MAPK信号通路、神经活性配体-受体相互作用、GnRH信号通路为睾丸性状调控的关键基因通路。展开更多
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Supporting Project (Agriculture) of Jiangsu Province (BE2011452)the Special Fund Project of the National Broiler Industry Technology System (CARS-42-G23)a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The characteristics of IMP and IMF deposition of 112-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） and its two different 70-day- old crossbreeds （J×B and B×B） were analyzed. The IMP content in breast muscle and leg muscle were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of IMP and cor- rected inosine monophosphate （IMPc） in breast muscle were significantly or ex- tremely significantly higher than that in leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no sig- nificant difference in the contents of IMP and IMPc between hens and roosters （P〉 0.05）. The fresh degree of breast muscle and leg muscle was 96,11%-98.16% and 87.22%-93.07%, respectively. And the fresh degree of breast muscle was higher than that of leg muscle. In the three groups, the IMF content in leg muscle was significantly higher than that in breast muscle whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05）. The contents of IMF in breast muscle and leg muscle were 0.36%-0.75% and 1.84%-2.38%, respectively. The iMP content in breast muscle of chickens in Bx J group was extremely significantly higher than that in breast muscle of chickens in JxJ group （P〈0.01）, but the contents of IMPc and iMF of breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] To sum up, the freshness and flavor significantly differ between the breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens, but show no significant difference among the three groups.
基金Supported by Special Fund for National Broiler Industry Technology System ofChina(CARS-42-G23)Project of Priority Academic Program Development ofJiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe New Century Talent Project of Yangzhou University
文摘To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into four experimental groups： experimental group 1 （protein 15%, metabolic energy 9.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 2 （protein 16%, metabolic energy 10.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 3 （protein 17%, metabolic energy 12.65 MJ/kg） and experimental group 4 （ protein 18%, metabolic energy 13.95 MJ/kg）, respectively. All chickens were slaughtered at 112-day old. The breast and leg muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens were collected, to determine the slaughter performance, conventional meat quality and muscle chemical indicators. The results indicated that dressing-out percentage and eviscerated yield percentage in four experimental groups were above 87.27% and 67.00%, respectively; other slaughter performance indicators exhibited no significant differences among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; breast muscle color of hens in experimental group 4 varied significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; leg muscle color of hens in experimental group 2 varied extremely significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; water-holding capacity of breast muscles of hens in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 4 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thiamine content of breast muscles of cocks in experimental group 3 was significandy higher than that in experimental group 2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; however, other properties exhibited no significant differenees among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ）.
基金Supported by Special Fund Project for Basic Research in Guangxi Public Welfare Research Special Project for Innovation in Guangxi(AA17204024)Scientific and Technological Research Project in Guangxi(14121003-3)Nanning Scientific Research and Technology Development Program(20155181)
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the effect of diet with Picria fel-tarrae Lour particle(PFLp)on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,immune and antioxidant function of Hongguang yellow chickens(HYC).[Methods]80 HYC in age of 1 d were divided into 4 groups randomly and each group was assigned to 5 replicates with 24 chicks in each replicate.Group A was control group fed only basal diet.Group B,C and D were treatment groups and fed diets with 0.125%,0.25%and 0.50%of PFLp respectively during the trial of 49 d.Serum samples were taken from 10 chicks in each group in the age of 21,35 and 49 d respectively and analyzed for biochemical,immune and antioxidant parameters in blood.[Results]ADG from group C in 21 d was increased significantly than that from group A,B and D(P<0.01),and ADG in 35 d from group C was also significantly greater than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05),but not much difference was found on ADG among the 4 groups in 49 d(P>0.05);ADFI from group C in 35 d was significantly higher than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).ADFI from group C in 21 and 49 d were also higher than that from group A(P>0.05).FCR from group C in 21 d was much better than that from the other three groups(P<0.01).Death rate of group C was 50 percent lower than group A;There was no difference occurred in serum biochemical and immune parameters among the 4 groups during the trial(P>0.05).However,the T-AOC from group C and D in 21 d was enhanced significantly than that from group A and B(P<0.01),and the one from group C in 35 d was also increased greatly than that from group A,B and D(P<0.05).GSH from group C and D in 21 d was much higher than that from group A and B(P<0.05),and the ones from group C and D in 35 d were also significantly higher than those from group A and B(P<0.01).T-SOD in three stages trended up also in group C and D(P>0.05).[Conclusions]The diet with 0.25%PFLp in 21 and 35 d could dramatically improve the growth performance,significantly increase the antioxidant capacity and effectively reduce death rate.Diet with 0.25%PFLp is the most appropriate among the three different additions.
文摘为研究不同养殖方式下宁都黄鸡肌肉关键挥发性风味物质,将试验鸡随机分为笼养组和平养组,饲喂同一日粮。试验鸡达上市日龄时对鸡肉进行感官品尝评价和挥发性风味物质检测,并采用正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)方法筛选与不同养殖方式相关的差异性风味物质。结果表明:平养组和笼养组共有的挥发性风味物质27种,主要为酚类、醇类和烃类。挥发性风味物质中,己醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、E-2-壬烯醛、正己醇、壬醛、2,3-戊二酮、癸醛、2,3-辛二酮、E-2-辛烯醛为具有显著性差异的挥发性风味物质。综上,这一研究可为地方鸡肉品质基于风味物质的评价提供科学依据。
文摘【背景】睾丸是雄性动物重要生殖器官,具有产生精子和分泌雄激素的功能,睾丸质量与繁殖性能有直接联系。睾丸性状受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴多基因共同调控,其分子机理尚不清楚。宁都黄鸡睾丸性状变异系数大,繁殖性能一致性差。【目的】通过对不同睾丸性状个体垂体组织进行全长转录组测序,挖掘候选基因以及关键信号通路,探究影响睾丸性状的遗传基础,以期为发展地方鸡种睾丸性状的选种选育提供依据。【方法】以70只22周龄宁都黄公鸡为研究对象,分为大睾丸组和小睾丸组,从两组中分别选取3个个体,构建垂体组织的全长转录本表达谱,筛选高表达量及两组个体差异表达基因或转录本,对差异基因或转录本进行功能富集分析。随机选取6个基因,进行基因表达水平验证。参考已知垂体细胞的标记基因,筛选与8种细胞标记基因对应的差异表达基因或转录本,并分析这些差异基因或转录本以及高表达量基因或转录本与睾丸性状相关性。【结果】在6个宁都黄鸡垂体组织中,检测到21834个基因,29355个全长转录本。其中,332个基因及229个转录本在两组个体中差异表达。KEGG通路分析结果显示,这些差异基因或转录本主要富集于Apelin信号、甘油磷脂代谢等通路。一共发现5个促性腺细胞标记基因或其对应转录本与部分睾丸性状显著相关,包括NFASC(neurofascin)及其对应转录本XM_015298904.2、TESC(tescalcin)及其对应转录本XM_025155510.1、FSHB(folliclestimulatinghormonebeta)转录本ONT.20974.4、RLN3(relaxin 3)、NDUFB2(NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B2)转录本ONT.1176.4。1个催乳素细胞标记基因EGR1(early growth response 1),2个滤泡星状细胞标记基因TMSB4X(thymosin beta 4,X-linked)、C1H12ORF57(chromosome 1 open reading frame),1个促甲状腺细胞标记基因CHGB(chromogranin B)均与部分睾丸性状显著相关。2个高表达量基因TMSB4X、HSP90AA1(heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1)与部分睾丸性状显著相关。FSHB、EGR1均为基因互作网络中节点基因。【结论】经初步功能分析,EGR1、TMSB4X、FSHB、RLN3为睾丸性状调控的关键基因。MAPK信号通路、神经活性配体-受体相互作用、GnRH信号通路为睾丸性状调控的关键基因通路。
