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Responses of growth performance,antioxidant function,small intestinal morphology and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein to dietary iron in yellow-feathered broilers 被引量:1
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作者 Kaiwen Lei Hao Wu +4 位作者 Jerry W Spears Xi Lin Xi Wang Xue Bai Yanling Huang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期1329-1337,共9页
This study aimed to investigate the dose-effect of iron on growth performance,antioxidant function.intestinal morphology,and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein in 1-to21-d-old yellow-feathered broilers.... This study aimed to investigate the dose-effect of iron on growth performance,antioxidant function.intestinal morphology,and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein in 1-to21-d-old yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 7201-d-old yellow-feathered maleb roilers were allocated to 9 treatments with 8 replicate cages of 10 birds per cage.The dietary treatments were consisted of a basal diet(contained 79.6 mg Fe kg^(-1))supplemented with 0,20,40,60,80,160,320,640,and 1,280 mg Fe kg^(-1)in the form of FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O.Compared with the birds in the control group,birds supplemented with 20mg Fe kg^(-1)had higher average daily gain(ADG)(P<0.0001).Adding 640 and 1,280 mg Fe kg^(-1)significantly decreased ADG(P<0.0001)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)(P<0.0001)compared with supplementation of 20mg Fe kg^(-1).Malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration in plasma and duodenum increased linearly(P<0.0001),but MDA concentration in liver and jejunum increased linearly(P<0.05)or quadratically(P<0.05)with increased dietary Fe concentration.The villus height(VH)in duodenum and jejunum,and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in duodenum decreased linearly(P?0.05)as dietary Feincreased.As dietary Fe increased,the jejunal relative mRNA abundance of claudin-1 decreased linearly(P=0.001),but the jejunal relative mRNA abundance of zona occludens-1(ZO-1)and occludin decreased linearly(P?0.05)or quadratically(P?0.05).Compared with the supplementation of 20 mg Fe kg^(-1),the supplementation of640 mg Fe kg^(-1)or higher increased(P?0.05)MDA concentrations in plasma,duodenum,and jejunum,decreased VH in the duodenum and jejunum,and the addition of 1,280 mg Fe kg^(-1)reduced(P?0.05)the jejunal tight junction protein(claudin-1,ZO-1,occludin)mRNA abundance.In summary,640 mg of supplemental Fe kg^(-1)or greater was associated with decreased growth performance,increased oxidative stress,disrupted intestinal morphology,and reduced mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein. 展开更多
关键词 IRON yellow-feathered broiler antioxidant function intestinal morphology tight junction protein
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Molecular cloning and ontogenesis expression of fatty acid transport protein-1 in yellow-feathered broilers 被引量:6
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作者 Yuzhen Song Jiaying Feng Lihua Zhou Gang Shu Xiaotong Zhu Ping Gao 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第6期327-333,共7页
Fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP-1) is one of the important transporter proteins involved in fatty acid transmembrane transport and fat deposition. To study the relationship between FATP-1 mRNA expression and fa... Fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP-1) is one of the important transporter proteins involved in fatty acid transmembrane transport and fat deposition. To study the relationship between FATP-1 mRNA expression and fat deposition, chicken (Gallus gallus) FATP-1 sequence was first cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Tissue samples of chest muscle, leg muscle, subcutaneous fat, and abdominal fat were collected from six male and six female broilers each, at 22 days, 29 days, and 42 days, respectively. The tissue specificity and ontogenesis expression pattern of the FATP-1 mRNA of yellow-feathered broilers was studied by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the fat deposition laws in different tissues were also compared. A 2,488 bp cDNA sequence of chicken FATP-1 was cloned by RACE (GenBank accession no. DQ352834), including 547 bp 3' end untranslated region (URT) and 1,941 bp open reading frame (ORF). Chicken FATP-1 encoded 646 amino acid residues, which shared 83.9% and 83.0% identity with those of human and rat, respectively. The results of quantitative PCR demonstrated a constant FATP-1 mRNA expression level in the chest muscle and subcutaneous fat of both male and female broilers at three stages, whereas the expression level of the FATP-1 mRNA in the leg muscle at 42 days was significantly higher than that at 22 days or 29 days. In the abdominal fat of male broilers, the gene expression significantly increased with age, whereas the female broilers showed a dramatic downregulation of FATP-1 expression in abdominal fat at 42 days. This suggested a typical tissue-and gender-specific expression pattern of chicken FATP-1, mediating the specific process of fatty acid transport or utilization in muscle and adipose tissues. 展开更多
关键词 yellow-feathered broiler FATP-1 RACE quantitative PCR fat deposition
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The amino acids differences in epitopes may promote the different allergenicity of ovomucoid derived from hen eggs and quail eggs
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作者 Mengzhen Hao Shuai Yang +1 位作者 Shiwen Han Huilian Che 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期861-870,共10页
Quail egg ovomucoid can inhibit activation of basophils and eosinophils,while hen egg ovomucoid has been shown to be a major allergen,named Gal d 1.At present,the differences in structure and function between two ovom... Quail egg ovomucoid can inhibit activation of basophils and eosinophils,while hen egg ovomucoid has been shown to be a major allergen,named Gal d 1.At present,the differences in structure and function between two ovomucoid are unclear.We found the homology of ovomucoid in quail eggs and hen eggs reached77%.Compared with hen egg ovomucoid,the distribution of secondary structure was different in AA52-53,AA57-58,AA66-68,AA71-72,AA131-133,AA139-140,AA157-159 and AA184-185.Among 9 epitopes of egg ovomucoid,there were different amino acids from quail egg ovomucoid in 8 epitopes.Recombination quail egg ovomucoid had trypsin inhibition activity and quail egg ovomucoid didn't specifically bind to serum of eggs allergic patients.Quail egg ovomucoid can significantly inhibit RBL-2 H3 cells degranulation and protect cells morphology to a certain extent,indicating quail egg ovomucoid can inhibit cells activation and have potential anti-allergic effects,which is related to trypsin inhibitory activity.The difference in sensitization compare to hen egg ovomucoid may be due to amino acids differences affecting protein structure by changing antigenic epitopes. 展开更多
关键词 quail egg Hen egg OVOMUCOID Epitope DEGRANULATION
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微嗜酸寡养单胞菌A2对摄食AFB_(1)污染日粮鹌鹑的保护效果
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作者 索江华 张宸 +3 位作者 郭建来 何金环 王梦迪 刘昆 《中国饲料》 北大核心 2024年第17期129-135,共7页
为研究微嗜酸寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)A2对采食AFB_(1)日本鹌鹑的保护效果,本研究在含黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))(95.34±2.62)μg/kg日粮中添加不同浓度(1 kg/t和2 kg/t)A2菌剂,饲喂30 d,通过检测鹌鹑的生产性... 为研究微嗜酸寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)A2对采食AFB_(1)日本鹌鹑的保护效果,本研究在含黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))(95.34±2.62)μg/kg日粮中添加不同浓度(1 kg/t和2 kg/t)A2菌剂,饲喂30 d,通过检测鹌鹑的生产性能、器官指数、血清生化、肝肾抗氧化性能、蛋品质以及肝脏和蛋中的AFB_(1)含量等,评定A2对AFB_(1)造成危害的保护作用。结果表明:添加A2菌剂显著降低了AFB_(1)导致的鹌鹑料蛋比、肝脏和脾脏指数、血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总甘油三酯(TG)等指标升高的负面影响;A2菌剂显著提高了AFB_(1)导致鹌鹑肝肾组织中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)水平降低的现象;A2菌剂显著提高了AFB_(1)导致的蛋壳重量、蛋壳强度和蛋形指数降低的负面影响;A2菌剂减少了肝脏和蛋中AFB_(1)的残留。且随着A2浓度增加,改善效果越明显。综上,S.acidaminiphila A2对AFB_(1)造成鹌鹑的负面影响有一定的改善作用。 展开更多
关键词 微嗜酸寡养单胞菌 黄曲霉毒素B_(1) 鹌鹑
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不同C_(18)固相萃取柱对鹌鹑蛋中6类兽药残留测定的影响研究
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作者 王海玲 霍思宇 +4 位作者 余洋 王一名 张凡 陈冬东 彭涛 《质量安全与检验检测》 2024年第1期88-93,共6页
使用不同C_(18)固相萃取柱对鹌鹑蛋进行处理,通过对比基质效应、回收率、精密度的结果,评价不同C_(18)固相萃取柱对6类兽药残留测定情况的影响。结果表明,使用不同C_(18)固相萃取柱后,6类目标物质保留时间出峰一致,且目标物质峰形良好,... 使用不同C_(18)固相萃取柱对鹌鹑蛋进行处理,通过对比基质效应、回收率、精密度的结果,评价不同C_(18)固相萃取柱对6类兽药残留测定情况的影响。结果表明,使用不同C_(18)固相萃取柱后,6类目标物质保留时间出峰一致,且目标物质峰形良好,净化效果基本一致。对同一种化合物的基质效应标准偏差均小于10%。3种不同浓度下,6类兽药的平均回收率为71.4%~116.1%,精密度为2.6%~15.5%,均满足使用效果。 展开更多
关键词 鹌鹑蛋 固相萃取柱 兽药残留
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实验用鹌鹑遗传检测方法的初步建立 被引量:1
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作者 何洋 章秀林 +6 位作者 张秋宇 张晓璐 傅博 王文栋 杜小燕 陈振文 李长龙 《中国比较医学杂志》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第2期101-107,共7页
目的建立封闭群实验用鹌鹑微卫星DNA遗传检测方法。方法通过文献检索,筛选鹌鹑微卫星位点,利用种间转移法,在鹌鹑近缘物种—鸡和鸭筛选适合鹌鹑的微卫星DNA位点。提取鹌鹑肝组织DNA作为模板,并通过PCR扩增以及琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术,对相... 目的建立封闭群实验用鹌鹑微卫星DNA遗传检测方法。方法通过文献检索,筛选鹌鹑微卫星位点,利用种间转移法,在鹌鹑近缘物种—鸡和鸭筛选适合鹌鹑的微卫星DNA位点。提取鹌鹑肝组织DNA作为模板,并通过PCR扩增以及琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术,对相应的位点进行筛选。最后根据所选微卫星位点扩增情况、等位基因数目和多态性等,筛选出适用于鹌鹑遗传质量检测的微卫星位点组合并建立检测方法。结果初步确定适用于封闭群实验用鹌鹑遗传检测的23个微卫星位点组合。结论初步建立了实验用鹌鹑的遗传质量检测方法。 展开更多
关键词 实验用鹌鹑 遗传检测方法 微卫星 封闭群
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基于脂质组学对5种常见禽蛋蛋黄脂质差异的研究 被引量:1
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作者 赵航 朱磊 +1 位作者 王冉 龚兰 《中国家禽》 北大核心 2024年第3期71-78,共8页
为研究鸭蛋、鹅蛋、鹌鹑蛋、鸽蛋及鸡蛋蛋黄所含脂质的差异,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱对5种禽蛋黄进行脂质组学分析。结果显示,共检测到6类、26个亚类的1303种脂类。鸭与鸽的蛋黄、鸡与鹌鹑的蛋黄脂质成分相近,鹅蛋与其他蛋黄脂质成... 为研究鸭蛋、鹅蛋、鹌鹑蛋、鸽蛋及鸡蛋蛋黄所含脂质的差异,采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱对5种禽蛋黄进行脂质组学分析。结果显示,共检测到6类、26个亚类的1303种脂类。鸭与鸽的蛋黄、鸡与鹌鹑的蛋黄脂质成分相近,鹅蛋与其他蛋黄脂质成分差异最大。鸡蛋黄鞘脂含量最丰富,鹌鹑蛋黄的甘油磷脂含量最高,鸽蛋黄甘油酯含量最低,鸭蛋黄及鸽蛋黄的甘油二酯与甘油三酯含量比值最高,鸭蛋黄及鸽蛋黄中ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量较高。与鸡蛋黄相比,其他禽蛋有33个脂质存在极显著差异(P<0.05、VIP≥1并且FC≥10或FC≤0.1)。研究表明,不同禽蛋黄含有的脂质存在显著差异,当对比甘油酯比例及ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量时,鸭蛋黄和鸽蛋黄较鸡蛋黄、鹅蛋黄、鹌鹑蛋黄有优势。 展开更多
关键词 鸡蛋 鸭蛋 鹅蛋 鹌鹑蛋 鸽蛋 非靶向脂质组学 甘油磷脂 甘油三酯 Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸
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密蒙花干粉对产蛋鹌鹑蛋黄颜色、脂肪含量、生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响
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作者 董翠莲 胡礼平 +2 位作者 王宵 李方杰 项勋 《饲料研究》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第16期58-61,共4页
试验旨在研究密蒙花干粉对鹌鹑蛋黄颜色、蛋中脂肪含量、生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。选择90日龄健康鹌鹑600只,按体重相近原则随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复40只鹌鹑。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,CK1组和CK2组在基础饲粮中添... 试验旨在研究密蒙花干粉对鹌鹑蛋黄颜色、蛋中脂肪含量、生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。选择90日龄健康鹌鹑600只,按体重相近原则随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复40只鹌鹑。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,CK1组和CK2组在基础饲粮中添加5%、10%密蒙花干粉。预试期7 d,正式试验期30 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,CK2组蛋黄颜色极显著加深(P<0.01),CK1组和CK2组平均蛋重显著升高(P<0.05),平均日采食量、料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组蛋黄占比均显著升高(P<0.05),甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著降低(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性及血糖(GLU)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加5%和10%密蒙花干粉能够改善蛋黄颜色,提高生产性能和蛋品质,改善血清生化指标,且添加10%的密蒙花干粉效果较好。 展开更多
关键词 密蒙花干粉 鹌鹑 蛋黄颜色 生产性能 蛋品质 血清生化指标
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Myostatin gene role in regulating traits of poultry species for potential industrial applications
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作者 Joonbum Lee Dong‑Hwan Kim Kichoon Lee 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1793-1801,共9页
The myostatin(MSTN)gene is considered a potential genetic marker to improve economically important traits in live-stock,since the discovery of its function using the MSTN knockout mice.The anti-myogenic function of th... The myostatin(MSTN)gene is considered a potential genetic marker to improve economically important traits in live-stock,since the discovery of its function using the MSTN knockout mice.The anti-myogenic function of the MSTN gene was further demonstrated in farm animal species with natural or induced mutations.In poultry species,myo-genesis in cell culture was regulated by modulation of the MSTN gene.Also,different expression levels of the MSTN gene in poultry models with different muscle mass have been reported,indicating the conserved myogenic function of the MSTN gene between mammalian and avian species.Recent advances of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome edit-ing techniques have led to development of genome-edited poultry species targeting the MSTN gene to clearly dem-onstrate its anti-myogenic function and further investigate other potential functions in poultry species.This review summarizes research conducted to understand the function of the MSTN gene in various poultry models from cells to whole organisms.Furthermore,the genome-edited poultry models targeting the MSTN gene are reviewed to inte-grate diverse effects of the MSTN gene on different traits of poultry species. 展开更多
关键词 CHICKEN Economic traits MYOSTATIN quail
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不同水平的牛磺酸对蛋用鹌鹑生长、产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响 被引量:1
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作者 陈立华 《现代畜牧兽医》 2024年第5期37-40,共4页
试验旨在考察牛磺酸对蛋用鹌鹑生长、产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响。将1 800只1日龄鹌鹑分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复200只鹌鹑。各组鹌鹑日粮中分别添加0、100、300 mg/kg的牛磺酸。试验期共46周,分为两个阶段,第一阶段为0~6周,第二阶段为7... 试验旨在考察牛磺酸对蛋用鹌鹑生长、产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响。将1 800只1日龄鹌鹑分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复200只鹌鹑。各组鹌鹑日粮中分别添加0、100、300 mg/kg的牛磺酸。试验期共46周,分为两个阶段,第一阶段为0~6周,第二阶段为7~46周。结果显示,与对照组相比,日粮中添加300 mg/kg牛磺酸可显著降低生长期鹌鹑的料重比(P<0.05),显著提高产蛋期鹌鹑的产蛋率和哈氏单位(P<0.05),降低产蛋期鹌鹑料蛋比和破软蛋率(P<0.05);日粮中添加100 mg/kg牛磺酸可显著降低破软蛋率(P<0.05),但对平均日采食量、产蛋率、料蛋比等影响不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,牛磺酸对蛋用鹌鹑生产性能的影响与其添加量有关,添加量为100 mg/kg时作用效果不明显。 展开更多
关键词 牛磺酸 蛋用鹌鹑 生长性能 产蛋性能 蛋品质
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高尿酸血症状态下低度炎症的病理特点研究
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作者 褚梦真 王雨 +4 位作者 林志健 黄晶 刘亚迪 殷晓阳 张冰 《世界中医药》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第13期1881-1888,共8页
目的:探讨高尿酸血症(HUA)状态下低度炎症的病理特点。方法:根据体质量随机将迪法克鹌鹑分为正常组、模型组,每组10只。以普通饲料:酵母浸膏粉=4∶1制备食饵,并以该食饵喂养模型组鹌鹑,正常组鹌鹑则自由饮食饮水。分别于造模第10、20、3... 目的:探讨高尿酸血症(HUA)状态下低度炎症的病理特点。方法:根据体质量随机将迪法克鹌鹑分为正常组、模型组,每组10只。以普通饲料:酵母浸膏粉=4∶1制备食饵,并以该食饵喂养模型组鹌鹑,正常组鹌鹑则自由饮食饮水。分别于造模第10、20、30天检测血清尿酸,血清炎症介质白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-33、IL-2、IL-13、IL-8、IL-17、IL-6、IL-10、IL-12/P40、IL-16、IL-21、C反应蛋白(CRP)、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、趋化因子CC配体2(CCL2)及γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、神经突起生长导向因子2(Netrin-2)、五聚蛋白3(Pentraxin 3),观察各炎症介质强度变化;造模第30天,取鹌鹑肝、回肠、肾各脏器组织,进行HE染色后观察组织病理形态变化;造模第20天,用基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析差异炎症介质功能及相关信号通路;用Pearson相关性分析方法分析差异炎症介质与血清尿酸水平的相关性。结果:与正常组比较,模型组鹌鹑血清尿酸水平高(P<0.05),以血清IL-17、IL-6、IL-33等为主的白细胞介素类,以IL-8、CCL2为主的趋化因子类,IFN-γ、TNF-α、CRP及GM-CSF水平均升高(P<0.05),而IL-13、IL-10水平降低(P<0.05)。造模第20天,GO/KEGG富集分析结果显示,HUA状态下的低度炎症可能是尿酸代谢靶点群,通过IL-17、Janus激酶信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK-STAT)等信号通路激活、细胞因子-细胞因子间相互作用,从而诱导IL-6、TNF-α等炎症介质产生。2组组织病理变化结果显示,与正常组相比,模型组回肠组织黏膜下层可见炎性细胞浸润,肝、肾组织未见明显差异。差异炎症介质与血清尿酸水平的相关性分析结果显示,鹌鹑血清中IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、IL-33、IL-17、IL-8、IFN-γ、CCL2、GM-CSF、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6水平均与血清尿酸水平正相关,IL-10、IL-13水平与血清尿酸水平负相关。结论:HUA鹌鹑模型存在低度炎症,该低度炎症可能与尿酸代谢靶点群通过IL-17、JAK-STAT等信号通路的激活以及细胞因子间的相互作用,从而调控IL-6、TNF-α等炎症介质的产生有关。 展开更多
关键词 高尿酸血症 低度炎症 病理特点 鹌鹑 炎症介质 蛋白芯片技术 酶联免疫吸附试验法 基因本体/京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析
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一株鹌鹑源禽流感病毒A/quail/Jilin/7/2015(H9N2)的遗传进化分析和致病性研究
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作者 刘慧敏 蒋烈戈 +4 位作者 王时 李雪 孙项南 唐雷 刘景利 《中国预防兽医学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第12期957-962,共6页
为探究从死亡鹌鹑肺脏分离鉴定出的1株H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/quail/Jilin/7/2015(简称QA/JL/7/15)在流感病毒生态分布中的进化关系,本研究对QA/JL/7/15株进行了全基因序列测定,并结合Gen Bank中登录的代表性H9N2亚型流感病毒的基因... 为探究从死亡鹌鹑肺脏分离鉴定出的1株H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/quail/Jilin/7/2015(简称QA/JL/7/15)在流感病毒生态分布中的进化关系,本研究对QA/JL/7/15株进行了全基因序列测定,并结合Gen Bank中登录的代表性H9N2亚型流感病毒的基因组序列及其它参考株序列进行了遗传进化分析。结果显示,QA/JL/7/15为一株重组病毒,血凝素基因(HA)来自A/chicken/Jiangsu/1/00类病毒株;神经氨酸酶(NA)来自A/chicken/Guangxi/KMIII/1999类病毒株;PB2基因来自A/duck/Shantou/163/2004类病毒株;PB1、PA、NP和NS基因来自A/chicken/Shanghai/F/98类病毒株;M基因来自A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97类病毒株。HA基因与近年中国湖北分离株A/chicken/Hubei/R386/2012(H9)的核苷酸序列同源性最高(98.5%),HA裂解位点推导氨基酸序列为"-RSSR-",为典型低致病性AIV的特征序列,动物实验也显示该病毒株对鸡和小鼠呈现低致病性。本研究首次证实H9N2重组病毒株在我国鹌鹑中出现,为AI防控提供了实验依据。 展开更多
关键词 禽流感病毒 鹌鹑 H9N2亚型
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Numerical three-dimensional modeling of earthen dam piping failure
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作者 Zhengang Wang 《Water Science and Engineering》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期72-82,共11页
A physically-based numerical three-dimensional earthen dam piping failure model is developed for homogeneous and zoned soil dams.This model is an erosion model,coupled with force/moment equilibrium analyses.Orifice fl... A physically-based numerical three-dimensional earthen dam piping failure model is developed for homogeneous and zoned soil dams.This model is an erosion model,coupled with force/moment equilibrium analyses.Orifice flow and two-dimensional(2D)shallow water equations(SWE)are solved to simulate dam break flows at different breaching stages.Erosion rates of different soils with different construction compaction efforts are calculated using corresponding erosion formulae.The dam's real shape,soil properties,and surrounding area are programmed.Large outer 2D-SWE grids are used to control upstream and downstream hydraulic conditions and control the boundary conditions of orifice flow,and inner 2D-SWE flow is used to scour soil and perform force/moment equilibrium analyses.This model is validated using the European Commission IMPACT(Investigation of Extreme Flood Processes and Uncertainty)Test#5 in Norway,Teton Dam failure in Idaho,USA,and Quail Creek Dike failure in Utah,USA.All calculated peak outflows are within 10%errors of observed values.Simulation results show that,for a V-shaped dam like Teton Dam,a piping breach location at the abutment tends to result in a smaller peak breach outflow than the piping breach location at the dam's center;and if Teton Dam had broken from its center for internal erosion,a peak outflow of 117851 m'/s,which is 81%larger than the peak outflow of 65120 m3/s released from its right abutment,would have been released from Teton Dam.A lower piping inlet elevation tends to cause a faster/earlier piping breach than a higher piping inlet elevation. 展开更多
关键词 3D dam breach model 2D shallow water equations 3D slope stability analysis Piping failure Teton Dam quail Creek Dike
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大蒜素缓解伏马毒素B_(1)致鹌鹑肝损伤的研究
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作者 李欣然 祝领鑫 +4 位作者 宋欢妮 朱雪雁 李若彬 刘阳 曹嫦妤 《中国畜牧兽医》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期4080-4091,共12页
【目的】探索大蒜素缓解伏马毒素B_(1)(FB_(1))造成产蛋期鹌鹑肝脏损伤的机制,为预防FB_(1)诱导鹌鹑肝损伤提供试验依据,减少FB_(1)中毒给养殖业造成的经济损失。【方法】以黄羽雌性鹌鹑为试验对象,将120只鹌鹑随机分为4组,分别为对照... 【目的】探索大蒜素缓解伏马毒素B_(1)(FB_(1))造成产蛋期鹌鹑肝脏损伤的机制,为预防FB_(1)诱导鹌鹑肝损伤提供试验依据,减少FB_(1)中毒给养殖业造成的经济损失。【方法】以黄羽雌性鹌鹑为试验对象,将120只鹌鹑随机分为4组,分别为对照组、大蒜素组(500 mg/kg大蒜素)、伏马毒素组(30 mg/kg FB_(1))及缓解组(500 mg/kg大蒜素+30 mg/kg FB_(1)),每组30只。观察鹌鹑肝脏组织病理学及组织超微结构变化,并检测肝功能、抗氧化功能指标及相关炎症因子的表达。【结果】肝脏病理学与超微结构结果显示,大蒜素能够有效缓解FB_(1)造成的鹌鹑肝脏线粒体嵴消失、胶原纤维增加等病理损伤。与对照组相比,伏马毒素组鹌鹑血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)浓度显著升高(P<0.05);过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力、总抗氧化物能力(T-AOC)均显著降低(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05);白细胞介素8(IL-8)、IL-6、IL-18、IL-12β、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、环氧化酶2(COX-2)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、相关凋亡因子配体(FASL)及Toll样受体4(TLR4)基因表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。与伏马毒素组相比,缓解组鹌鹑血清中AST含量显著降低(P<0.05);CAT活力、T-AOC显著升高(P<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05);IL-8、IL-6、IL-18、IL-12β、TNF-α、COX-2、iNOS、FASL、TLR 4基因表达量均显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】大蒜素可有效缓解FB_(1)导致的鹌鹑肝损伤,其机制与大蒜素的抗炎作用和抗氧化作用密切相关。 展开更多
关键词 鹌鹑 大蒜素 伏马毒素B_(1) 肝损伤
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辣椒碱对鹌鹑生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响
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作者 孙贯群 李伟 +2 位作者 姚飞 刘征宇 韩晓芳 《中国家禽》 北大核心 2024年第9期70-74,共5页
试验旨在研究辣椒碱对鹌鹑生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响,选取600只1日龄体况良好、体重相近的雌性朝鲜鹌鹑,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复25只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,辣椒碱Ⅰ组、辣椒碱Ⅱ组和辣椒碱Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加... 试验旨在研究辣椒碱对鹌鹑生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响,选取600只1日龄体况良好、体重相近的雌性朝鲜鹌鹑,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复25只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,辣椒碱Ⅰ组、辣椒碱Ⅱ组和辣椒碱Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加80 mg/kg、160 mg/kg、320 mg/kg辣椒碱,试验期35 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,辣椒碱Ⅱ组、辣椒碱Ⅲ组朝鲜鹌鹑平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,辣椒碱Ⅱ组、辣椒碱Ⅲ组鹌鹑胸腺指数和脾脏指数以及血清IgA、IgM、IL-2和IFN-γ含量显著增加(P<0.05);与对照组相比,辣椒碱Ⅱ组、辣椒碱Ⅲ组鹌鹑盲肠乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌均显著增加,盲肠大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌显著减少(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加辣椒碱能够提高鹌鹑生长性能,增强免疫功能,改善肠道菌群,本试验条件下,饲粮添加160 mg/kg辣椒碱作用效果较好。 展开更多
关键词 辣椒碱 鹌鹑 生长性能 免疫功能 肠道菌群
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槲皮素对鹌鹑生产性能、蛋品质及肠道菌群的影响
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作者 曹嫦妤 何奕豪 +2 位作者 林丽明 刘阳 李欣然 《江苏农业学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期1904-1913,共10页
为明确日粮中添加槲皮素对鹌鹑生产性能、蛋品质和性激素水平及肠道菌群的影响,促进槲皮素在鹌鹑生产中的应用,将288羽7周龄黄羽产蛋雌鹌鹑随机平均分为4组,分别饲喂基础饲料、添加0.02%槲皮素的基础饲料、添加0.04%槲皮素的基础饲料、... 为明确日粮中添加槲皮素对鹌鹑生产性能、蛋品质和性激素水平及肠道菌群的影响,促进槲皮素在鹌鹑生产中的应用,将288羽7周龄黄羽产蛋雌鹌鹑随机平均分为4组,分别饲喂基础饲料、添加0.02%槲皮素的基础饲料、添加0.04%槲皮素的基础饲料、添加0.08%槲皮素的基础饲料,饲喂56 d,测定各处理鹌鹑生产性能指标、蛋品质指标、卵巢激素水平,并对鹌鹑粪便进行16S rDNA测序,分析日粮中添加槲皮素对鹌鹑肠道微生物群落的影响。结果表明,添加0.04%槲皮素的日粮处理能够增强鹌鹑的蛋壳强度,添加0.08%槲皮素的日粮处理能够提高鹌鹑的产蛋率、蛋壳比例、蛋壳强度和蛋黄比例,但对平均蛋重、日采食量和料蛋比无显著影响;添加0.08%槲皮素的日粮处理可显著提高鹌鹑卵巢中孕酮(PROG)浓度和降低催乳素(PRL)浓度;添加0.08%槲皮素的日粮处理可降低有害菌群相对丰度。综上,添加0.08%槲皮素的日粮处理可提高鹌鹑生产性能和蛋品质,且槲皮素可降低肠道内有害菌群的相对丰度,促进机体健康。 展开更多
关键词 槲皮素 鹌鹑 生产性能 蛋品质 肠道菌群
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辣椒碱对鹌鹑产蛋性能、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响
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作者 李志伟 何连海 +2 位作者 朱世蝶 胡永胜 刘杰 《饲料工业》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第17期126-130,共5页
试验旨在研究辣椒碱对鹌鹑产蛋性能、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响。选用320只体重接近、体况良好的84日龄朝鲜鹌鹑随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复16只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,辣椒碱1组、辣椒碱2组和辣椒碱3组分别饲喂基础日粮+60、... 试验旨在研究辣椒碱对鹌鹑产蛋性能、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响。选用320只体重接近、体况良好的84日龄朝鲜鹌鹑随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复16只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,辣椒碱1组、辣椒碱2组和辣椒碱3组分别饲喂基础日粮+60、120、240 mg/kg辣椒碱,预试期30 d,正试期120 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,辣椒碱2组产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05);辣椒碱2组和辣椒碱3组的血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白含量均显著提高(P<0.05),血清葡萄糖和血清尿素氮含量均显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,辣椒碱2组和辣椒碱3组的血清总超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05),辣椒碱2组的血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,适量的辣椒碱能够提高鹌鹑的产蛋性能,改善血清生化指标,增强机体抗氧化能力,综合各项指标,鹌鹑饲料里添加120 mg/kg辣椒碱应用效果较好。 展开更多
关键词 辣椒碱 鹌鹑 产蛋性能 血清生化指标 抗氧化能力
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Abdominal Fat Accumulation with Hyperuricemia and Hypercholesterolemia Quail Model Induced by High Fat Diet 被引量:15
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作者 Zhi-jian Lin Bing Zhang Xiao-qing Liu Hong-lian Yang 《Chinese Medical Sciences Journal》 CAS CSCD 2009年第3期191-194,共4页
Objective To establish abdominal fat accumulation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia quail model fed with high fat diet. And then to investigate the pathological characteristics of this quail model. Methods ... Objective To establish abdominal fat accumulation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia quail model fed with high fat diet. And then to investigate the pathological characteristics of this quail model. Methods Thirty Longcheng quails were randomly divided into two groups: control group and model group (n=15). The control group quails were fed with normal diet and model group quails were fed with high fat diet for 14 days. After a 12-hour overnight fast, liver and abdominal fat at euthanasia as well as serum were collected. The levels of serum uric acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride, free fatty acid (FFA), and blood glucose were assayed. The activity changes of adenosine deaminase (ADA), xanthine oxidase (XOD), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were analyzed. Results Compared with control group, the abdominal fat content (0.74±0.63 vs. 1.36±0.65 g, P〈0.05) and abdominal fat index (0.44%±0.30% vs. 0.85%±0.30%, P〈0.01) as well as live lipid index (3.61%±0.65% vs. 11.33%±2.14%, P〈0.01) in model group significantly increased; the levels of serum uric acid (210.61±94,76 vs. 304.25±141.94 /amol/L, P〈0.05), total cholesterol (4.20±0.51 vs. 20.10±11.25 mmol/L, P〈0.01), LDL-C (1.16±0.29 vs. 10.78±6.48 mmol/L, P〈0.01), and FFA (0.39±0.14 vs. 0.55±0.15 mmol/L, P〈0.01) in model group significantly increased; HDL-C (5.85±0.95 vs. 4.14±2.03 mmol/L, P〈0.05) significantly decreased; the levels of triglyceride and blood glucose had no significant changes (P〉0.05); the activities of ADA (9.71±3.05 vs. 17.19±5.10 U/ml, P〈0.01) and XOD (10.58±6,88 vs. 19.22+9.44 U/L, P〈0.01) in model group significantly increased; and FAS, LPL, HL had no significant changes (P〉0.05). Conclusions High fat diet can induce abdominal fat accumulation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia quail model. The changes of uric acid and lipid metabolic enzyme activities may he the pathological mechanism of abdominal fat accumulation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia. 展开更多
关键词 abdominal fat accumulation HYPERURICEMIA HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA quail model
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Effection of Lead Poisoning and Newcastle Disease Vaccine on Development of Egg Yellow Feather Quail 被引量:3
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作者 PANG You-zhi ZHAO De-ming +3 位作者 ZHAO Shu-juan YANG You-bing CHEN Sheng CUI Yan-jun 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2011年第2期29-33,48,共6页
[ Objective] To investigate the effects of Newcastle disease vaccination and lead exposure on growth and development of egg yellow feather quail. [ Method] Ninety 14-day-old quails were assigned randomly to 10 groups ... [ Objective] To investigate the effects of Newcastle disease vaccination and lead exposure on growth and development of egg yellow feather quail. [ Method] Ninety 14-day-old quails were assigned randomly to 10 groups ( n = 9), and they fed and drunk at liberty. A 2 ×5 factorial design was used. The quail immunized with ND vaccine and those non-immunized were exposed to lead at a dosage of 0, 50,500, 1 000 and 2 000 mg/L, respectively. [Result] The ND immunization reduced body weight significantly ( P 〈 0.01 ) and increased liver index and serum levels of hy- aluronic acid in quail within 1 -2 weeks post inoculation. The quail exposed to 2 000 mg/L lead acetate had significantly lower body weight than the control ( P 〈 0.01 ). From 7 weeks old, the same inhibitory effect was observed in the quail'exposed to lead at different dosages ( P 〈 0.01 ). In addition, the lead poisoning could cause decreased feed intake, depilation, gonadal dysgenesis, and increased serum levels of hyaluronic acid. [ Conduslon] The inhibitory effect of ND vaccination on growth of quail occurs within 1 -2 weeks post inoculation; thus, the effects of immune stress should not be worried in quail production. The lead poisoning has significant effects on body weight and feed intake of quail, and lead dosage and duration affect the inhibitory effects of lead. Gonadal dysgenesis is an important indicator of lead poisoning in. quail. The serum levels of hyaluronic acid can be used to determine whether the quail have been immunized with ND vaccine or have contacted lead pollutants. 展开更多
关键词 quail DEVELOPMENT Hyaluronic acid Lead poisoning STRESS
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Identification of the Sex of Earlier Embryos from Generic Hybrids of Chicken-Quail by Wpkci 被引量:1
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作者 QIAO Ai-jun MA Wen-xia LI Da-quan MENG Qing-mei 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2008年第4期497-501,共5页
In this study, a protocol was developed to identify the sex of earlier embryos of chicken (♂)-quail (♀) hybrids and successfully tested the sex proportion of each period (66-120 h). We acquired cross bred eggs... In this study, a protocol was developed to identify the sex of earlier embryos of chicken (♂)-quail (♀) hybrids and successfully tested the sex proportion of each period (66-120 h). We acquired cross bred eggs by artificial insemination, hatched them in the same batch according to the standard hatching condition of chicken, and collected earlier living embryos at 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96, 102, 108, 114, and 120 h randomly. We adopted RT-PCR protocol and multiple PCR, made the known sex quail as the external control, employed fl-actin as the internal control, and used primers that were designed according to conservative area of gene Wpkci of quail to identify the sex of earlier hybrid embryos. The results indicated that the primer of Wpkci can be used to identify the sex of hybrid embryos accurately; there were more male than female in earlier embryos, the sex proportion of earlier embryos compared with academic numerical value was significantly different (P〈0.01), and there was no difference between different periods (P〉0.05). In the present study, we concluded that a simple, fast, credible and stable protocol to identify the sex of earlier hybrids embryos had been established by using primer of Wpkci; in earlier embryos, the death rate of female was higher than that of male and there was no fluctuant peak. 展开更多
关键词 CHICKEN quail hybrids embryos sex identification
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