GENE ENGINEERING EB VIRUS MEMBRANE ANTIGEN IN DETECTION OF MA-IgA ANTIBODY(COMPARISON WITH VCA-IgA AND EA-IgA ANTIBODIES)

With gene engineering EB virus membrane antigen as the diagnostic antigen, indirect immunofluo-rescence (IF) assay was used to detect IgA antibody against EB virus membrane antigen (MA-IgA) in sera from 202 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and 315 controls (normal and patients with other tumors). MA-IgA antibody was positive in 96.8% of the pretreatment NPC patients with a GMT of 1:36.3. MA-IgA detection by this method was more sensitive than EA-IgA detection by IE. In contrast, patients with tumors other than NPC were negative for MA-IgA antibody. 9.1% of VCA-IgA positive persons were MA-IgA positive with a GMT of less than 1:5. No MA-IgA positive was found in VCA-IgA negatives. The results indicated that this method was relatively specific. In the treatment group, the positive rate and GMT of MA-IgA antibody declined with increase in survival time and the decline was faster than VCA-IgA. When recurrence or distant metastasis developed, similar to VCA-IgA and EA-IgA antibodies, the positive rate and GMT of MA-IgA antibody increased to its pretreatment level. Therefore, MA-IgA detection might be valuable in the early diagnosis and monitor of NPC.

Comparison of detection results of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy at different degrees in infant patients between brain electrical activity mapping, transcranial Doppler sonography and computer tomography examinations

BACKGROUND： It has been proved that brain electrical activity mapping （BEAM） and transcranial Doppler （TCD） detection can reflect the function of brain cell and its diseased degree of infant patients with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （HIE）. OBJECTIVE： To observe the abnormal results of HIE at different degrees detected with BEAM and TCD in infant patients, and compare the detection results at the same time point between BEAM, TCD and computer tomography （CT） examinations. DESIGN ： Contrast observation SETTING： Departments of Neuro-electrophysiology and Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 416 infant patients with HIE who received treatment in the Department of Newborn Infants, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College during January 2001 and December 2005. The infant patients, 278 male and 138 female, were at embryonic 37 to 42 weeks and weighing 2.0 to 4.1 kg, and they were diagnosed with CT and met the diagnostic criteria of HIE of newborn infants compiled by Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Academy, Chinese Medical Association. According to diagnostic criteria, 130 patients were mild abnormal, 196 moderate abnormal and 90 severe abnormal. The relatives of all the infant patients were informed of the experiment. METHOOS： BEAM and TCD examinations were performed in the involved 416 infant patients with HIE at different degrees with DYD2000 16-channel BEAM instrument and EME-2000 ultrasonograph before preliminary diagnosis treatment （within 1 month after birth） and 1,3,6,12 and 24 months after birth, and detected results were compared between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparison of detection results of HIE at different time points in infant patients between BEAM. TCD and CT examinations. RESULTS： All the 416 infant patients with HIE participated in the result analysis. （1） Comparison of the detected results in infant patients with mild HIE at different time points after birth between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： BEAM examination showed that the recovery was delayed, and the abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1 and 3 months after birth [55.4%（72/130）vs. 17.0% （22/130 ）,x^2=41.66 ;29.2% （ 38/130 ） vs. 6.2% （ 8/130 ）, x^2=23.77, P 〈 0.01 ], exceptional patients had mild abnormality and reached the normal level in about 6 months. TCD examination showed that the disease condition significantly improved and infant patients with HIE basically recovered 1 or 2 months after birth, while CT examination showed that infant patients recovered 3 or 4 months after birth. （2） Comparison of detection results of infant patients with moderate HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1,3,6 and 12 months after birth [90.8% （178/196）,78.6% （154/196）,x^2=4.32,P 〈 0.05;64.3% （126/196）,43.9% （86/196） ,x^2=16.44 ;44.9% （88/196） ,22.4% （44/196）,x^2=22.11 ;21.4% （42/196）, 10.2% （20/196）,x^2=9.27, P 〈 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that there was still one patient who did not completely recovered in the 24^th month due to the relatives of infant patients did not combine the treatment,. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 23.1%（30/196）in the 1^st month after birth, and all the patients recovered to the normal in the 3^rd month after birth, while CT examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in the 24^th month after birth （1.0% ,2/196）. （3） Comparison of detection results of infant patients with severe HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination in the 1^st, 3^rd, 6^th and 12^th months after birth[86.7% （78/90）,44.4% （40/90）,x^2=35.53;62.2% （56/90）,31.1% （28/90）,x^2=17.51 ;37.8% （34/90）,6.7% （6/90）, x^2=27.14, P 〈 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in 4 infant patients in the 24^th month after birth. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 11.1% （10/90） in the 3^rd month after birth, and all the infant patients recovered in the 6^th month after birth. CT examination showed that the abnormal rate was 6.7%（6/90） in the 12^th month after birth, and all of infant patients recovered to the normal in the 24^th month after birth.CONCLUSION ： BEAM is the direct index to detect brain function of infant patients with HIE, and positive reaction is still very sensitive in the tracking detection of convalescent period. The positive rate of morphological reaction in CT examination is superior to that in TCD examination, and the positive rate is very high in the acute period of HIE in examination.

Quantitative detection and comparison of sulfate glycosaminoglycans content in extracellular matrix of in vitro cultured epiphyseal, articular and rib chondrocytes

Objective To establish a method for quantitative detection of the sulfate glycosaminoglycans ( GAG) content in extracellular matrix of in vitro cultured chondrocytes so as to evaluate the biological characteristics of epiphyseal, articular and rib chondrocytes. Methods Sulfate GAG content in extracellular matrix of three chondrocytes was measured by the modified dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) method. The changes of the toluidine blue (TB) stain of chondrocytes were observed by light microscope. Results Primary chondrocytes had the highest content of sulfate GAG in the extracellular matrix, ie, epiphyseal chondrocytes reached ( 70. 12 ± 7. 72 )μg/cm2, articular chondrocytes (92.00 ± 10.15) μg/cm2 and rib chondrocytes (80.61 ± 11. 40) μg/cm2, respectively. On the third pasage chondrocytes, epiphyceal chondrocytes decreased to (53.27 ± 9. 50 ) μg/cm2, articular chondrocytes to (63.88 ± 11.92) μg/cm2 and rib chondrocytes to (58.94 ±8.21) μg/cm2, respectively. The change of TB in every passage

Comparison of Xpert MTB/RIF, Real Amp, and CPA Tests in Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Today, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health threat associated with significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2018[1] has reported that in 2017, 10.0 million people across the world had developed TB diseases that resulted in an estimated 1.6 million deaths, and 889, 000 people developed TB in China that led to 39, 000 TB-related deaths. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important for initiating early treatment and reducing mortality. Traditional diagnostic methods for pulmonary TB incorporate chest radiography and sputum smear microscopy;however, several cases of tuberculosis go undiagnosed because of the low sensitivity of smear microscopy[2].

Compared Insights on Machine-Learning Anomaly Detection for Process Control Feature

Anomaly detection is becoming increasingly significant in industrial cyber security,and different machine-learning algorithms have been generally acknowledged as various effective intrusion detection engines to successfully identify cyber attacks.However,different machine-learning algorithms may exhibit their own detection effects even if they analyze the same feature samples.As a sequence,after developing one feature generation approach,the most effective and applicable detection engines should be desperately selected by comparing distinct properties of each machine-learning algorithm.Based on process control features generated by directed function transition diagrams,this paper introduces five different machine-learning algorithms as alternative detection engines to discuss their matching abilities.Furthermore,this paper not only describes some qualitative properties to compare their advantages and disadvantages,but also gives an in-depth and meticulous research on their detection accuracies and consuming time.In the verified experiments,two attack models and four different attack intensities are defined to facilitate all quantitative comparisons,and the impacts of detection accuracy caused by the feature parameter are also comparatively analyzed.All experimental results can clearly explain that SVM(Support Vector Machine)and WNN(Wavelet Neural Network)are suggested as two applicable detection engines under differing cases.

Semiautomatic detection of lanes and bands in DNA gel electrophoresis images

The following article has been retracted due to the investigation of complaints received against it. The Editorial Board found that the same contents have been published in another journal at the same time. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter, and the Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering treats all unethical behavior such as plagiarism seriously. This paper published in Vol.6 No.1 76-84, 2013 has been removed from this site. Title: Semiautomatic detection of lanes and bands in DNA gel electrophoresis images Authors: Ashraf K. Helmy, Ghada S.

基于深度学习的无锚框目标检测算法综述

近年来,基于深度学习的无锚框目标检测算法备受关注。为了深入理解无锚框检测算法,对比分析了基于深度学习的无锚框检测算法的原理机制、网络结构、核心特性以及优缺点,归纳总结了无锚框检测算法的核心技术,并在同一数据集上通过性能实验研究上述算法的性能,总结提出基于深度学习的目标检测算法未来的研究方向。

核酸共提取试剂盒应用于柑橘危险性病害检测的效率评价

柑橘易受到不同遗传类型病原的复合感染,传统病原检测方法需单一核酸提取,使得检测步骤繁琐,影响检测效率。以普通单一核酸提取试剂盒为对照,采用核酸共提取试剂盒,通过分析核酸完整性和浓度以及病原检测效率,以期探讨核酸共提取试剂盒应用于柑橘危险性病害检测的可行性,从而简化柑橘病原检测方法的核酸提取步骤。结果表明,相比普通RNA提取试剂盒,核酸共提取试剂盒提取RNA的完整性、纯度、浓度以及柑橘衰退病毒病原检测效率均无显著差异,可达到相同检测效果。相比普通DNA提取试剂盒,核酸共提取试剂盒提取DNA的完整性、纯度均无显著性差异,但其浓度显著降低,使得柑橘黄龙病和柑橘溃疡病病原检测效率也显著降低;通过增加PCR反应的起始模板量,核酸共提取试剂盒检测柑橘黄龙病和柑橘溃疡病病原的效率与普通DNA试剂盒无显著差异,可达到相同检测效果。综上所述,核酸共提取试剂盒可应用于柑橘危险性病害检测,将有助于提高病原复合感染样品的检测效率。

基于MFA-UNet的铜制螺纹零件外表面缺陷检测

针对工业现场铜制螺纹零件外表面缺陷检测效率低和精度差的问题,提出一种融合多尺度特征与注意力的U型网络(Multi-Scale Features and Attention Fused UNet,MFA-UNet)模型的铜制螺纹零件外表面缺陷检测算法。首先,设计一种双路下采样模块,并行使用普通卷积和空洞卷积提升模型的特征提取能力;其次,在跳跃连接部分加入复合空间注意力模块,增强分割模型对空间信息和边缘信息的提取能力;然后,在上采样过程中加入压缩激励模块,提高模型的表达能力和特征选择能力;最后,提出一种相似度对比算法,比较分割图像和掩码图像的相似度,得到缺陷检测结果。实验表明,所提分割模型在铜制螺纹零件缺陷检测数据集上PA指标达到94.81%,MIoU指标达到93.78%;所提算法缺陷检测准确率达到98.9%,满足工业现场的使用需求。

中美欧食品中沙门氏菌检验标准的比较分析

沙门氏菌是一种重要的食源性致病菌,与食品安全及人类健康息息相关。检验标准是沙门氏菌鉴定的基础与依据。为给我国现行食品沙门氏菌检验标准的修订提供参考依据,使我国食品中沙门氏菌的检测更加科学准确,本文收集了中国、美国及欧洲的食品沙门氏菌检验标准,从适用范围、预增菌、选择性增菌、平板分离、鉴定等方面进行了系统比较分析。结果表明,我国沙门氏菌检验标准与欧洲所使用标准较为相似,与美国所使用标准差别较大,建议在我国食品沙门氏菌检验标准的制修订过程中,借鉴国外同类型标准先进经验,完善改进我国沙门氏菌检验标准,满足实验室检测需要。

中美食品中金黄色葡萄球菌检验标准的异同

金黄色葡萄球菌是一种常见的能引起食物中毒的食源性致病菌,如若控制不当,会严重危害人类健康。准确的鉴定是食源性致病菌防控工作的关键,而检验标准又是食源性致病菌鉴定的基础与依据。为使我国食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的检测更加科学准确,本文对中国及美国食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的检验标准进行了系统比较分析。结果表明,我国食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的检验标准与美国所使用标准既有不少的相同点,在检验方法数量、操作步骤等方面又有很多的不同点。美国所使用标准中有些细节规定非常值得我国借鉴,比如血浆凝固酶试验结果分级及补充生化鉴定试验的规定。建议在我国食源性致病菌相关检验标准的制修订过程中,积极借鉴其他国家及国际组织检验标准中的先进之处,不断提高我国食品安全标准的制修订水平。

纳米磁微粒化学发光法临床检测总IgE抗体和过敏原sIgE抗体的方法学比对

目的对纳米磁微粒化学发光法平台(纳博克)检测临床样本中的总IgE抗体和过敏原特异性IgE抗体进行方法学比对。方法参考美国临床和实验室标准协会的相关文件,针对总IgE抗体以及屋尘螨D1/粉尘螨D2/交链孢霉M6/蟑螂I6/猫上皮E1/艾蒿W6/牛奶F2/蛋白F1/小麦F4/虾F24/花生F13共计11项过敏原,对纳博克和ImmunoCAP系统的一致性采用卡方检验和Kappa检验进行比较及评价。结果11项过敏原两种方法学比对的Kappa值均>0.75,表明两种方法学具有较好的一致性。除了交链孢霉和小麦两项外,其余项目的阴性、阳性、总符合率和±1级符合率均在90%以上,表明两种方法学的定性一致性良好;Spearman相关系数(r)均位于95%置信区间(CI)内,表明两种方法学的量值具有显著相关性。结论纳博克纳米磁微粒化学发光法过敏原检测平台与ImmunoCAP系统具有良好的一致性,前者的样本用量更少,是一种建议临床推广使用的全定量过敏原检测方法学。

公路路基路面检测中回弹弯沉检测方法及对比实验

当前回弹弯沉检测方法操作过程设定较为落后,导致公路路基路面检测结果合格率较低,本研究针对回弹弯沉检测方法展开研究,并进行对比实验分析,力求获取一种最佳检测方法。根据相关规定与公路环境,分别设定检测前准备环节、检测过程环节以及数据分析环节,得到整体检测方案。实验表明:此方法应用可有效提升公路施工合格率与平整度,保证公路路基路面的质量与行车安全。

Comparison of Digital Maps: Recognition and Quantitative Measure of Changes

A new methodology of comparing digital raster maps was proposed which allows not only detecting changes in the maps, but also obtaining quantitative measures of the importance of selected differences. Procedure of object interpretation of satellite images and forming of OMT (Object Map of Territory) is described. A list of allowable differences between two OMTs is defined. Two steps technique of quantitative measuring is proposed. At the first stage functions are constructed for calculating local measures of differences in the amount, areas and locations of objects on the map, as well as relations between the objects. In the second stage local measures are used to calculate the integral measure in order to get generalized assessment of difference between maps. The methods for constructing functions which calculate local and integral measures of differences are described. Examples of comparing and measuring the differences between OMTs are provided. Obtained results by utilizing this technique can be used to analyze trends, forecast of development and might be helpful for choosing most efficient scenarios for sustainable spatial planning and land management.

Performance Comparison of Three Algorithms Applied to UM2000 Signal Demodulation

UM2000 signal is a type of multi-audio frequency-modulated signal which is widely used for railway blocking. Principles of three typical demodulating algorithms are presented in details in this paper. Bit error rates of the three methods at different SNRs are achieved by Monte Carlo simulation experiments. Among the three algorithms, the quadrature demodulation has the best performance at the real working environment. However, the three methods have the same problem of phase hopping when noise is too strong.

2022年湖南省兽医实验室检测能力比对及非洲猪瘟检测能力验证

实验室检测能力比对与能力验证是评估实验室检测质量的重要手段。2022年4月,按照农业农村部关于检测能力比对的工作部署和要求,湖南省组织全省14个市级77个县级兽医系统实验室开展了检测能力比对,267个实验室开展了非洲猪瘟能力验证。市级开展禽流感病毒H5/H7亚型核酸鉴别检测、非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测、O型口蹄疫病毒抗体检测3个项目,县级开展非洲猪瘟病毒核酸、O型口蹄疫病毒抗体以及布鲁氏菌抗体检测3个项目,非洲猪瘟检测实验室开展非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测项目,每个项目各5份盲样。结果显示:12个市级和59个县级系统实验室所有比对项目检测结果全部准确,实验室整体准确率为78.02%,1355份样品中1317份样品检测结果准确,样品整体准确率为97.20%;267个参加非洲猪瘟能力验证的实验室中,224个实验室核酸检测结果准确,实验室整体准确率为83.90%,1335份样品中1265份样品结果准确,样品整体准确率为94.76%,其中屠宰企业样品准确率最低(93.30%)。结果表明:湖南省兽医实验室检测能力整体良好,但部分县级兽医系统实验室及屠宰企业实验室检测能力有待加强。各地应继续加强实验室检测能力建设,强化技术培训,全面提高检测能力和水平。

2019—2021年浙江省兽医实验室非洲猪瘟检测能力比对

为了解兽医实验室非洲猪瘟病毒检测能力,2019—2021年,浙江省按年度分别组织了地(市)、县(市、区)级系统兽医实验室和116家生猪屠宰企业参加了非洲猪瘟检测能力系列比对工作。结果显示:兽医系统实验室2019—2021年样品正确率分别为100%、98.78%、98.90%,实验室正确率分别为100%、94.55%、96.00%。2019年屠宰企业检测室样品检测正确率为83.45%。系统内实验室整体正确率较高,但部分县区级实验室检测水平还有待提高。屠宰企业检测室检测能力亟待提升,存在生物安全设施不完善,生物安全意识不强等问题。这提示浙江省兽医实验室还需提升管理规范化水平,提高人员检测能力。

基于Sobel算子和灰色关联分析的图像边缘检测

针对灰色关联分析方法提取的边缘存在不连续、噪声敏感性等问题,本文将Sobel算子与灰色关联分析方法相结合,提出了一种基于邓氏关联度图像边缘检测的改进型算法,其融合了Sobel八方向算子技术,同时采用中值法对灰色关联度中的参考序列和比较序列实现单位一致性,并对传统的灰色邓氏关联度模型做了改进,用其求得的关联度提取图像边缘。仿真实验表明,本文算法提取的边缘连续、清晰,并在一定程度上抑制了噪声的干扰,提高了算法的效率。

2018—2022年云南省兽医系统实验室检测能力比对

为全面了解云南省兽医系统实验室检测能力和水平,提高各级兽医实验室监测预警和风险评估能力,2018—2022年云南省动物疫病预防控制中心组织全省16个州(市)级动物疫病预防控制中心实验室(简称州市级实验室)、30个国家动物疫情测报站/边境动物疫情监测站实验室(简称测报站/监测站)、79个已通过兽医系统实验室考核的县(区)级兽医实验室(简称县区级实验室)开展了检测能力比对工作。11个检测项目均采用国家标准进行比对。结果显示:各年份实验室正确率为52.27%~70.97%,样品正确率为94.04%~96.06%;连续5年全部正确的实验室有7个,此外还有10个实验室连续3年全部正确。结果表明,全省大部分兽医系统实验室具备了相应的检测能力和水平,且整体水平呈上升趋势,能够为云南省动物疫情监测预警和风险评估提供有力支撑,但部分县区级实验室及个别测报站/监测站仍有不足,尤其在HA-HI检测项目上还有待进一步提高。建议继续加强实验室管理,强化实验技能培训,提升检测人员的能力和水平,提高检测结果的准确性,积极支持有条件的测报站/监测站、县区级实验室开展分子生物学检测,以进一步提高全省兽医系统实验室检测水平,提升动物疫情监测预警和风险评估能力。