Induced neural stem cells regulate microglial activation through Akt-mediated upregulation of CXCR4 and Crry in a mouse model of closed head injury

Microglial activation that occurs rapidly after closed head injury may play important and complex roles in neuroinflammation-associated neuronal damage and repair.We previously reported that induced neural stem cells can modulate the behavior of activated microglia via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling,influencing their activation such that they can promote neurological recovery.However,the mechanism of CXCR4 upregulation in induced neural stem cells remains unclear.In this study,we found that nuclear factor-κB activation induced by closed head injury mouse serum in microglia promoted CXCL12 and tumor necrosis factor-αexpression but suppressed insulin-like growth factor-1 expression.However,recombinant complement receptor 2-conjugated Crry(CR2-Crry)reduced the effects of closed head injury mouse serum-induced nuclear factor-κB activation in microglia and the levels of activated microglia,CXCL12,and tumor necrosis factor-α.Additionally,we observed that,in response to stimulation(including stimulation by CXCL12 secreted by activated microglia),CXCR4 and Crry levels can be upregulated in induced neural stem cells via the interplay among CXCL12/CXCR4,Crry,and Akt signaling to modulate microglial activation.In agreement with these in vitro experimental results,we found that Akt activation enhanced the immunoregulatory effects of induced neural stem cell grafts on microglial activation,leading to the promotion of neurological recovery via insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion and the neuroprotective effects of induced neural stem cell grafts through CXCR4 and Crry upregulation in the injured cortices of closed head injury mice.Notably,these beneficial effects of Akt activation in induced neural stem cells were positively correlated with the therapeutic effects of induced neural stem cells on neuronal injury,cerebral edema,and neurological disorders post–closed head injury.In conclusion,our findings reveal that Akt activation may enhance the immunoregulatory effects of induced neural stem cells on microglial activation via upregulation of CXCR4 and Crry,thereby promoting induced neural stem cell–mediated improvement of neuronal injury,cerebral edema,and neurological disorders following closed head injury.

Long non-coding RNA H19 regulates neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells in a mouse model of closed head injury

Stem cell-based therapies have been proposed as a potential treatment for neural regeneration following closed head injury.We previously reported that induced neural stem cells exert beneficial effects on neural regeneration via cell replacement.However,the neural regeneration efficiency of induced neural stem cells remains limited.In this study,we explored differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs to clarify the mechanism underlying the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.We found that H19 was the most downregulated neurogenesis-associated lnc RNA in induced neural stem cells compared with induced pluripotent stem cells.Additionally,we demonstrated that H19 levels in induced neural stem cells were markedly lower than those in induced pluripotent stem cells and were substantially higher than those in induced neural stem cell-derived neurons.We predicted the target genes of H19 and discovered that H19 directly interacts with mi R-325-3p,which directly interacts with Ctbp2 in induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells.Silencing H19 or Ctbp2 impaired induced neural stem cell proliferation,and mi R-325-3p suppression restored the effect of H19 inhibition but not the effect of Ctbp2 inhibition.Furthermore,H19 silencing substantially promoted the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells and did not induce apoptosis of induced neural stem cells.Notably,silencing H19 in induced neural stem cell grafts markedly accelerated the neurological recovery of closed head injury mice.Our results reveal that H19 regulates the neurogenesis of induced neural stem cells.H19 inhibition may promote the neural differentiation of induced neural stem cells,which is closely associated with neurological recovery following closed head injury.

Design and analysis of an advanced thermal management system for the solar close observations and proximity experiments spacecraft

In this paper,the mission and the thermal environment of the Solar Close Observations and Proximity Experiments(SCOPE)spacecraft are analyzed,and an advanced thermal management system(ATMS)is designed for it.The relationship and functions of the integrated database,the intelligent thermal control system and the efficient liquid cooling system in the ATMS are elaborated upon.For the complex thermal field regulation system and extreme space thermal environment,a modular simulation and thermal field planning method are proposed,and the feasibility of the planning algorithm is verified by numerical simulation.A solar array liquid cooling system is developed,and the system simulation results indicate that the temperatures of the solar arrays meet the requirements as the spacecraft flies by perihelion and aphelion.The advanced thermal management study supports the development of the SCOPE program and provides a reference for the thermal management in other deep-space exploration programs.

Research on perturbation of neutron fluence rate in a closed thermal neutron field due to medium materials

The neutron radiation field has vital applications in areas such as biomedicine,geology,radiation safety,and many others for neutron detection and neutron metrology.Correcting neutron fluence rate perturbation accurately is an important yet challenging problem.This study proposes a correction method that analyzes three physical processes.This method,which transforms the detection process from point detection to area detection,is based on a novel physical model and has been validated through theoretical analyses,experiments,and simulations.According to the average differences between the calculated and experimental results,the new method(1.67%)demonstrated better accuracy than the traditional simulation(2.17%).In a closed thermal neutron radiation field,the detector or strong neutron absorption material significantly perturbs the neutron fluence rate,whereas its impact on the energy spectrum shape and neutron directionality is relatively minor.Furthermore,based on the calculation results of the perturbation rate formula for medium materials with different compositions and sizes,the larger the volume and capture cross section of the medium,the higher the perturbation rate generated in the closed radiation field.

Factors Associated with Closely Spaced Pregnancies at the Departmental Hospital Centre of Zou-Collines (Benin) in 2022

Introduction: Birth spacing to prevent closely-spaced pregnancies, which are a source of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, is not always respected by our women, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective was to study the factors associated with closely-spaced pregnancies among women followed at the Departmental Hospital Center du Zou et du Colline (DHC/Z-C) in 2022. Study Method: This was a descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection from 20 May to 30 June 2022. Results: At the end of the study, 83 of the 117 women surveyed had close pregnancies, a frequency of 70.94%. They had an average age of 27.0 ± 6.3 years and were of Fon ethnicity and related in 91.57% of cases. The majority were married (96.60%). The factors significantly associated with these closely spaced pregnancies were age between 25 and 30 years, household occupation, age at first birth, age at marriage, women’s perception of contraceptive method (CM), women’s knowledge of the existence of a center providing family planning services and non-use of MC. Conclusion: Close pregnancies are still very common in the commune of Abomey. It is therefore important to increase the use of contraceptive methods in this part of the country.

On Fuzzy Regularly Closed Filters in Michálek Fuzzy Topological Space

C.L. Chang’s introduction of fuzzy topology in 1981 opened up new avenues for parallel theories in topology. However, Chang’s work appears to focus more on the topology of fuzzy sets rather than fuzzy topology itself. In 1975, Michálek presented a functional definition of ordinary topology and later developed fuzzy topology as a distinct extension of this idea, setting it apart from Chang’s approach. While there has been significant research on Chang’s fuzzy topology, Michálek’s version has not received as much attention. This paper introduces the concept of fuzzy regularly closed filters, or FRCM filters, within Michálek’s fuzzy topological space and explores some properties of FRCM ultrafilters.

Formation of a Rapidly Rotating Classical Be-star in a Massive Close Binary System

This paper investigates the spin-up of a mass-accreting star in a close binary system passing through the first stage of mass exchange in the Hertzsprung gap. Inside an accreting star, angular momentum is carried by meridional circulation and shear turbulence. The circulation carries part of the angular momentum of the accreted layers to the accretor's surface. The greater the rate of arrival of angular momentum in the accretor is, the greater this part. It is assumed that this part of the angular momentum can be removed by the disk further from the accretor. If the angular momentum in the matter entering the accretor is more than half the Keplerian value, then the angular momentum obtained by the accretor during mass exchange stage does not depend on the rate of arrival of angular momentum. The accretor may have the characteristics of a Be-star immediately after the end of mass exchange.

Sensing-Communication-Computing-Control Closed Loop for NOMA-UAV Systems

In the areas without terrestrial communication infrastructures,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can be utilized to serve field robots for mission-critical tasks.For this purpose,UAVs can be equipped with sensing,communication,and computing modules to support various requirements of robots.In the task process,different modules assist the robots to perform tasks in a closed-loop way,which is referred to as a sensing-communication-computing-control(SC3)loop.In this work,we investigate a UAV-aided system containing multiple SC^(3)loops,which leverages non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)for efficient resource sharing.We describe and compare three different modelling levels for the SC^(3)loop.Based on the entropy SC^(3)loop model,a sum linear quadratic regulator(LQR)control cost minimization problem is formulated by optimizing the communication power.Further for the assure-to-be-stable case,we show that the original problem can be approximated by a modified user fairness problem,and accordingly gain more insights into the optimal solutions.Simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of using NOMA in such task-oriented systems,as well as the superiority of our proposed closed-loop-oriented design.

Design and Test of Closed Hydraulic Transmission System of 4WD High-clearance Wheeled Sprayer

In conjunction with the working characteristics of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and the benefits of the closed hydraulic system,a series of reasonable working parameters should be established,and a hydraulic system that fulfills the requisite specifications should be designed.The AMESim software model is employed to construct a closed hydraulic transmission system,and the simulation analysis is then performed according to the data of hydraulic components.According to analysis results,the prototype can be optimized and upgraded,and a verification test is further carried out.The test results demonstrate that the designed closed hydraulic transmission system meets the actual working requirements of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and provides a stable experimental platform for intelligent control of agricultural machinery.

Simulation Modelling and Techno-Economics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recompression Closed Brayton Cycle

In recent years, there has been global interest in meeting targets relating to energy affordability and security while taking into account greenhouse gas emissions. This has heightened major interest in potential investigations into the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycles. Climate change mitigation is the ultimate driver for this increased interest;other relevant issues include the potential for high cycle efficiency and a circular economy. In this study, a 25 MWe recompression closed Brayton cycle (RCBC) has been assessed, and sCO2 has been proposed as the working fluid for the power plant. The methodology used in this research work comprises thermodynamic and techno-economic analysis for the prospective commercialization of this sCO2 power cycle. An evaluated estimation of capital expenditure, operational expenditure, and cost of electricity has been considered in this study. The ASPEN Plus simulation results have been compared with theoretical and mathematical calculations to assess the performance of the compressors, turbine, and heat exchangers. The results thus reveal that the cycle efficiency for this prospective sCO2 recompression closed Brayton cycle increases (39% - 53.6%) as the temperature progressively increases from 550˚C to 900˚C. Data from the Aspen simulation model was used to aid the cost function calculations to estimate the total capital investment cost of the plant. Also, the techno-economic results have shown less cost for purchasing equipment due to fewer components being required for the cycle configuration as compared to the conventional steam power plant.

Study on the Effect of Behavioral Interventions Based on the Theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”on Tuberculosis Cognitive Level of Close Contacts

Objective:Based on the theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice,”health education was carried out for close contact with tuberculosis(TB)at a university in Beijing,and its impact on the students’awareness of TB was studied.This study could provide a reference for effective health education interventions among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.Methods:102 undergraduates who had close contact with one confirmed case of pulmonary TB in April 2021 at a university were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group.The intervention group was given the“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”health education intervention by professionally trained doctors,and were asked to complete a self-designed TB-related questionnaire before and after the intervention.Both groups performed the Tuberculin Skin Test(TST)and chest X-ray(CR)examination.Results:The rate of the TST test was 18.6%,and CR examination showed 0 cases of pulmonary TB.The survey results showed that the TB awareness rate(96.1%,49/51)in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group(51.0%,26/51),and the differences in awareness rate between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Regarding the attitude/skills toward TB,the prevalence rate of tuberculosis-related attitude/behavior in the intervention group(94.1%,47/51)was significantly higher than that of the control group(60.8%,31/51),and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both self-controlled and parallel-controlled studies showed that the health education intervention of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”improved the awareness of TB among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.

VSD联合胰岛素、庆大霉素、维生素B12对糖尿病足创面及组织中Bcl-2/Bax水平的影响

目的 探讨负压封闭引流(VSD)联合胰岛素、庆大霉素、维生素B12冲洗对糖尿病足创面及组织中Bcl-2、Bax水平的影响。方法 选取55例糖尿病足患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方法将其分为对照组(20例,应用VSD治疗糖尿病足创面)、试验组(35例,应用VSD联合胰岛素、庆大霉素、维生素B12冲洗治疗)。对比治疗7、14 d后两组患者创面面积及创面组织中Bcl-2、Bax水平。结果 治疗后7 d,两组患者创面面积比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Bax表达水平两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Bcl-2水平试验组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后14 d,试验组创面面积明显小于对照组(P<0.05),Bax水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Bcl-2水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),Bcl-2/Bax高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 VSD联合胰岛素、庆大霉素、维生素B12冲洗治疗糖尿病足创面的作用机制是通过激活Bcl-2介导相关抗凋亡途径,上调创面组织Bcl-2水平,提高Bcl-2/Bax,达到抑制局部细胞凋亡、促进创面愈合的效果。

密闭式回浆在双重血浆分子吸附治疗中的应用效果评价:一项前瞻性随机对照研究

目的评估密闭式回浆在双重血浆分子吸附系统(double plasma molecular absorption system,DPMAS)治疗中的应用效果。方法选取2021年5月─2023年2月在四川大学华西医院行DPMAS治疗的患者60例。将患者随机分为不回浆组、密闭式回浆400ml组和密闭式回浆600ml组,每组患者20例。比较3组在DPMAS治疗结束回浆后白蛋白的残留量、密闭式回浆组在回浆前后血中胆红素的变化。结果DPMAS治疗结束回浆后,3组患者在胆红素吸附器、血液灌流器和体外循环回路管部位的剩余白蛋白比较有统计学差异,平均白蛋白残留量比较有统计学差异(H=52.465,P<0.001)。密闭式回浆400ml组,密闭式回浆600 ml组在回浆前和回浆后血中胆红素差异无统计学意义(t=-0.461、-0.513,P=0.647、0.611)。结论密闭式回浆不仅可以减少患者的白蛋白丢失,而且不会增加胆红素脱落的风险。

钢筋笼在线变径过程中的建模及分析

针对钢筋笼在线变径时因变径拉力不确定而造成的变径尺寸偏差及焊接强度不足等问题,在钢筋笼在线变径分析的基础上,建立了钢筋笼在线变径时的力学预测模型,并根据欧拉伯努利梁理论,采用数值积分法推导出钢筋笼在线变径时的许用拉力公式,再据此对钢筋笼的焊接强度进行校核,确定了钢筋笼在线变径时变径拉力与主筋变形量及焊接强度之间的定量关系。并针对钢筋笼在线变径过程中存在的焊接强度不足的问题,提出了一种箍筋密绕的制备工艺,最后通过仿真验证了拉力公式的准确性和箍筋密绕制备工艺的可行性。

由“双线并行”到“闭环联动”:政府救助与慈善帮扶有效衔接

在传统救助帮扶模式中,政府救助与慈善帮扶往往“双线并行”,彼此之间没有形成互补与合力,无法发挥最大效能。研究基于资源依赖理论,提出政府救助与慈善帮扶将在彼此借力获取各自资源的同时实现组织效能的最大化,形成有效衔接的“闭环联动”综合救助帮扶模式。从制度环境、共同载体、主体协同、服务类救助的内容供给、数字赋能过程衔接等维度分析了政府救助与慈善帮扶有效衔接的现实需求;基于浙江省杭州市的“双循环”救助帮扶体系,从制度环境、衔接载体、衔接主体、衔接内容、衔接过程等方面分析了政府救助与慈善帮扶有效衔接的典型经验,由此提出了相应的五个层面的优化策略。最后基于政府救助与慈善帮扶有效衔接的“闭环联动”综合救助帮扶体系,从理念、体系、功能、主体、内容和方法等方面推进了社会救助体系的迭代升级。

基于PID切换控制的弹道修正引信滚转角控制方法

为解决弹道修正引信在修正过程中弹体受力变化较大引起的模型非线性问题,为保证滚转角控制算法的有效控制范围可有效覆盖整个修正控制过程,采用了基于动压变化的位置-速度双闭环比例-积分-微分(proportional-integral-differential,PID)切换控制算法.在传统PID控制算法基础上引入切换控制,将PID控制系统设计成子系统,依靠引信动力学模型与动压之间的关联,以动压为切换信号制定切换规则将多个PID控制系统串联,拓宽了滚转角控制系统的有效控制范围.结合理论分析与仿真验证,结果表明:在整个弹道修正控制过程中定位精度在0.25°以内,响应时间小于0.3 s,验证了基于动压变化的PID切换控制算法对非线性的引信滚转角控制模型、持续滚转角控制的可行性.

基于评价反馈的混合式一流课程闭环建设探索

评价反馈是实现混合式一流本科课程闭环建设和高水平建设的关键环节。该文针对混合式一流本科课程迭代建设的内在需求,提出一种基于产出导向理念与评价反馈思想的混合式课程闭环建设构架,建立涵盖课程整体建设情况、课程教学实施情况及课程目标达成情况等3个维度、14个二级评价指标及58个三级评价指标的混合式课程评价体系,并应用案例课程对所构建的基于评价反馈的混合式课程闭环建设方法及混合式课程评价体系进行实践验证。

“五闭-五到-心力”教学路径改革探索——以汽车类材料科学基础课程为例

针对学生学情与教材传统内容兼容度低、“五闭”与学习效率低、脆弱知识多与学科思维少的三大教学难点,通过“一体两翼与思政”螯合提出重组教学内容,三大教学理念引领课堂升级,三大教学目标重在因材施教等创新举措;通过信息技术与传统教学深度融合,强化师生互动,优化教学活动,完善考核机制,获得教学目标达成度良好、学生发展态势凸显、教学模式辐射、跟踪学生学习的教改效果。课程构建并实施了打开学生“五闭”,达成“五到-心力”转变,实现沉浸式教学模式,这不仅提升了教学广度与深度,还展示出良好的教学效果,同时还具有迁移应用。

风险分级护理联合闭环式管理对细菌性肺炎患儿临床症状、功能恢复及心理状态的影响

目的分析将风险分级护理与闭环式管理联合应用于细菌性肺炎患儿的临床效果,观察其对患儿临床症状、功能恢复及心理状态的影响,为临床护理提供参考。方法选取2023年1—12月温州医科大学附属第二医院收治的100例细菌性肺炎患儿,采用随机数表法分为对照组(50例)及观察组(50例)。对照组患儿应用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上应用风险分级护理联合闭环式管理。比较2组患儿临床症状改善时间、肺功能、舒适度及负性情绪水平,统计2组患儿家长满意度情况。结果观察组退热时间、咳嗽、喘憋及肺部啰音消失时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患儿第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV 1)、呼气峰流速(PEF)和用力肺活量(FVC)均高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患儿儿童舒适度问卷、儿童焦虑障碍自评量表(SCARED)及抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿家长满意度为96%(48/50),高于对照组[82%(41/50),χ^(2)=5.005,P=0.025]。结论风险分级护理联合闭环式管理可有效缓解细菌性肺炎患儿临床症状,促进患儿肺功能恢复,缓解患儿不良情绪,提高患儿舒适度及家长满意度。

考虑广告营销影响消费意愿的闭环供应链定价与协调

在经济发展、资源短缺和环境污染的背景下,政府和社会在新能源领域取得瞩目的成就。考虑到制造与再制造循环经济的推动与广告战的囚徒困境,探究制造与再制造建立合作广告关系。建立制造商广告营销与再制造商广告营销2种博弈模型,结果表明:2种广告合作的经营模式下,做广告部门单个产品的利润空间均会增加;广告合作扮演更多的是雪中送碳的角色,当企业产品成本上涨时,企业会增加广告投入量,而企业产品下降时,企业对广告营销的需求会降低;企业产品成本变化幅度较大而外部市场稳定应选择制造商进行广告营销,当外部市场不稳定企业产品成本变化幅度小应选择再制造商进行广告营销。