Empirical Analysis of Factors Influencing Compensation for Non-commercial Forests under CVM

Based on non-commercial forests in Kunming City,this article conducts survey of 506 households in Kunming City to evaluate their willingness to pay ecological benefit of non-commercial forests,using Contingent Valuation Method(CVM);to analyze factors influencing their willingness to compensate for non-commercial forests,using multivariate statistical analysis method.The results show that income,educational level, housing ownership,outdoor exercise time,whether to be concerned about environmental problems,frequency of obtaining forest-related information monthly and whether understanding non-commercial forests or not,are the most principal factors influencing willingness to pay.

Suggestions on Forest Ecological Compensation—Taking Mudanjiang City as an Example

The forest ecological compensation is an important factor to balance the interests of different areas for sustainable development and environment protection. Mudanjiang City in Heilongjiang Province of China is rich of forest resources. The forestry coverage rate reached 62.3% in 2014, after forestry conservation program from 2002. The authors explored the factors impacted on forest ecological compensation in Mudanjiang City, which was a demonstration as a case study, through experts＇ evaluation scores and AHP methodology to analyze the forest ecological compensation factors and lay the foundation for the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism. At the same time, we provided an example to explore the effective way and speed up the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism. The study found that the main factors that determined forest ecological compensation in Mudanjiang City were ecology and natural resources. Based on the analyses, some suggestions were put forward to promote the mechanism in a sustainable way.

Coordinated Control Strategy for Harmonic Compensation of Multiple Active Power Filters

In order to minimize the harmonic distortion rate of the current at the common coupling point,this paper proposes a coordinated allocation strategy of harmonic compensation capacity considering the performance of active power filters(APF).On the premise of proportional distribution of harmonic compensation capacity,the harmonic compensation rate of each APF is considered,and the harmonic current value of each APF to be compensated is obtained.At the same time,the communication topology is introduced.Each APF takes into account the compensation ability of other APFs.Finally,three APFs with different capacity and performance are configured at the harmonic source to suppress the same harmonic source,and the harmonic distortion rate is reduced to 1.73%.The simulation results show that the strategy can effectively improve the compensation capability of the multiple APF cascaded system to the power grid without increasing the installed capacity.

Research on the Sub-synchronous Oscillation in Wind Power Connected to Series Compensated Power System and its Influencing Factors

When wind farms,which is based on double fed induction generator(DFIG),are connected to the series compensation power system,the phenomenon of sub-synchronous oscillation(SSO)may occur.In order to study the sub-synchronous oscillation in wind power connected to series compensated power system and its influencing factors,we used RT-LAB to establish a simulation model concerning wind power connected to series-compensation power system.This model take a wind power connected to series compensation power system in north China as prototype.All influence factors of wind power SSO are simulated and analyzed by using time domain analysis method.The simulation results show that the effects of wind speed,series compensation degree and proportional control coefficient of rotor side converter(RSC)are most obvious.

Research on Dispersion Compensation of 40 GB/s Optical Duo-Binary Coded Transmission System

A 40 Gb/s high speed optical transmission system is designed, and the different dispersion compensation schemes are adopted to realize the transmission of the optical duo-binary (ODB) signals over 120 km optical fiber. Optical duo-binary signals are generated by using a precoder, two low- pass filters (LPF) and one mach-zehnder modulator (MZM). Through combination of dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) and single mode fiber (SMF) in the transmission link, four different dispersion compensation schemes (pre-compensation, post-compensation and hybrid compensation (pre+ post) and hybrid compensation (post+ pre)) were compared. Analyzing Q factor, BER, eye diagrams and receiver sensitivity in several dispersion compensation schemes, the simulation results are: the cut-off frequency of LPF affects the transmission performance, and the hybrid compensation (post+ pre) scheme is the optimal dispersion compensation method.

Microcontroller Control of Reactive Power Compensation for Growing Industrial Loads

Many industrial installations in developing countries start-up as small factories, without regard for the need of compensation of reactive power, leading to significant financial losses in the long term. By improving the power factor, the customer can reduce its power demand and potentially increase efficiency of their equipment. A PIC microcontroller is used to switch capacitor banks to compensate for the reactive power. In order to determine the size of the capacitor bank needed, the microcontroller calculates the phase difference between the voltage and the current. The results obtained based on the lagging power factor for three test loads show an improvement in the power factor from 0.52 to 0.96 under different test load conditions.

Design to conditioning circuits of dynamic compensation of reactive power in the intelligence voltage controller

The paper introduces one design idea that making use of SCM to control Real-timely the dynamic compensation of reactive power.Firstly,design one Circuit to Sample the voltage and current,and by these datas we can easily calculate the power factor,and Voltage controller in the microcontroller to determine whether input the compensation capacitance according to the size of power factor,the paper also analyzes the principle of capacitance compensation and calculation method. Dynamic compensation for the entire process is quick and accurate.

DCM升压型PFC变换器的电流重整形补偿策略

针对不连续导通模式(DCM)下的升压型功率因数矫正(PFC)变换器,对其中的寄生参数致电流失真(PCD)效应进行研究。考虑元器件寄生参数,求解输入电压、输出电压和占空比的全微分方程,得到精确的阻尼型电感电流解析表达式。研究发现,PCD效应会导致很大的电流失真,从而显著降低系统功率因数。为了减小PCD效应,通过在不同条件下推导得到的补偿增益,能将输入电流重整为正弦波。对基于无电流传感的平均电流模式(SACM)控制,提出一种能降低PCD效应的电流重整形补偿策略。该策略对阻尼型电感电流方程进行增益补偿,进而降低电流阻尼导致的PCD效应。最后仿真和实验证明,增益补偿几乎不随负载电阻变化,变换器中的PCD效应和电流重整形策略有效。

基于因素法的黄河流域横向生态补偿标准研究

为完善黄河流域横向生态补偿机制、推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展,综合考虑黄河流域九省(区)的财政预算收入、人口等经济社会状况和生态保护治理工作成效,基于九省(区)社会经济统计数据,采用因素法测算了2021年黄河流域横向生态补偿资金筹集总额及各省(区)政府财政出资额、分配额。结果显示:1)2021年黄河流域横向生态补偿资金筹集总额为56.18亿元,其中中央财政纵向转移支付46.18亿元、各省(区)政府财政出资10.00亿元;2)上中游水源涵养和生态保护治理区各省份横向生态补偿资金分配额相对较高,而中下游水源涵养和生态保护受益区省份分配额相对较低,这有利于鼓励上游省份进一步积极开展生态环境保护与治理;3)流域中下游经济相对发达地区通常为生态保护的受益地区,在黄河流域横向生态补偿资金筹集中有重要支撑作用,因此鼓励中下游经济较发达地区加大对流域横向生态补偿的财政支持;4)因素法在流域横向生态补偿标准的核算中体现出公平性和科学性,有助于平衡流域生态保护治理的生态环境效益与经济利益。建议:继续加大黄河流域横向生态补偿力度,建立政府主导-社会参与-市场调节的多元生态补偿机制。

血府逐瘀汤联合恩替卡韦治疗瘀血阻络型乙型肝炎肝硬化代偿期患者的临床效果

目的 探讨血府逐瘀汤联合恩替卡韦治疗瘀血阻络型乙型肝炎肝硬化代偿期患者的临床效果。方法 选取80例瘀血阻络型乙型肝炎肝硬化代偿期患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。给予观察组血府逐瘀汤联合恩替卡韦治疗,给予对照组恩替卡韦治疗,疗程均为24周。比较两组患者治疗前后失代偿期肝硬化发生率,HBV-DNA载量、肝功能[ALT、AST、总胆红素(TBIL)]、血清炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-22]、肝脏超声相关指标(门静脉主干内径、脾静脉内径、脾脏厚度、脾脏长度)、中医证候积分和中医证候疗效的变化情况,以及治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后12周、治疗后24周,两组患者失代偿期肝硬化发生率及门静脉主干内径、脾静脉内径、脾脏厚度、脾脏长度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者的血清ALT、AST、TBIL、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-22水平,以及HBV-DNA载量、中医证候积分随治疗时间延长而降低,且治疗后12周、治疗后24周,观察组的上述指标均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的中医证候疗效的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间两组患者的不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 血府逐瘀汤联合恩替卡韦治疗瘀血阻络型乙型肝炎肝硬化代偿期患者的临床疗效优于单纯恩替卡韦治疗,可有效降低炎症细胞因子的表达水平,改善肝功能,且安全性较好。

基于单因子抗差估计的SINS/DR高速列车组合导航定位研究

为了有效抑制列车长时间运行下SINS系统定位误差的快速积累,并解决GNSS/SINS组合导航系统在卫星信号故障时不能正常工作的问题,提出了一种基于单因子抗差估计的SINS/DR组合导航定位算法,在SINS系统基础上,引入车载里程仪,作为一种提供列车航位推算数据的设备,通过卡尔曼滤波器的反馈校正获得列车导航参数的最优估计值。在传统卡尔曼滤波器的基础上引入一种自适应调节因子,强化了卡尔曼滤波器的反馈校正效果,保证了在系统建模不准确时仍可获得列车导航参数的最优估计值。计算机仿真结果表明,设计的组合导航定位算法不仅可以保证高速列车长时间运行的定位精度和稳定性,而且在高速列车紧急制动的情况下仍具备较强的抗干扰能力,可以满足列车定位的基本要求。

商业秘密法定赔偿的问题检视与应对

商业秘密法定赔偿是极尽其他损害赔偿计算方式后才可适用的“兜底”计算方式,然而因我国现行法中对其规定原则性强、针对性和可操作性弱,实践中产生了适用率畸高、适用前提虚化、考量因素虚置、赔偿效果不理想等问题,总体上与最高法院要求的“尽可能避免简单适用法定赔偿方法”的基本适用理念相悖。为此,可基于其在计量单位、考量因素、认定标准、制度功能方面的特殊性,从系统完善适用条件、规范设置相关考量因素,以及多种方式并用合理确定赔偿额三个方面入手,针对性解决相关现实问题,实现商业秘密法定赔偿认定体系的系统化、规范化、精细化、差异化发展。

兼具电池储能与无功补偿的高压直挂大容量系统四象限运行控制技术

高压直挂电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)采用H桥电路串联的方法升高电压后接入电网,将电池簇分散接入级联H桥变换器的直流侧,具有高度模块化的结构,对比低压方案具有单机容量大、效率高、响应速度快等明显优势。高压直挂BESS若能兼具无功补偿能力,实现系统四象限运行,将具有更大的成本优势和经济效益。电池簇接单相H桥变换器的结构,使得系统运行在高比例无功补偿工况时,电池簇电流在一个二倍基频的周期中会出现两次反向,导致电池运行在高频充放电的工况,这会对电池寿命和电池状态监测造成较大的影响。为解决这一问题,提出一种基于零序电压注入的高比例无功补偿控制方法,避免了二倍基频脉动电流对电池进行高频充放电,再通过优化零序电压的幅值和相位,最大程度上降低对电池的影响。

白酒物质检测中基质效应的挑战与消减

白酒中已报道发现的物质成分,具有种类多、含量分布广、结构差异大的特点。因此基质效应普遍存在于白酒物质检测中,对目标化合物的准确定性、定量有一定挑战。本文综述了白酒基质效应的影响因素、产生后果和消减途径,特别是聚焦前处理方法应用、仪器分析方法选择、基质匹配法和内标法等减少和补偿基质效应方法的研究进展,旨在为提高白酒分析的准确性和科学性提供理论依据,并为酒企质控指标的科学构建提供理论支持。

水平张量重力梯度仪垂向运动误差实时补偿方法

为减小垂向运动对水平张量重力梯度测量的影响,提出了一种水平张量重力梯度仪垂向运动误差实时补偿方法。首先,分析了载体垂向运动引起重力梯度动态测量误差的机理,建立了综合安装误差角的回归方程;其次,在递推公式中引入遗忘因子,提高状态估计的跟踪速度;再次,针对量测量易受载体运动干扰的问题,通过Sage-Husa自适应滤波的方法实时适应不同量级的动态干扰,对综合安装误差角进行实时估计;最后,利用得到的综合安装误差角估计结果,实现重力梯度垂向运动测量误差的实时补偿。船载实验数据处理结果表明,与传统补偿方法相比,所提方法可将重力梯度内符合精度由30E@1km提高至15E@1km。

传统村落旅游地游客文化生态补偿意愿研究——以苏州陆巷、杨湾、明月湾、东村古村为例

游客文化生态补偿意愿研究是构建传统村落旅游地文化生态长效补偿机制的基础理论工作,亦是推进文化生态保护和乡村旅游高质量发展的必要前提.以苏州陆巷、杨湾、明月湾和东村古村4个处于不同发展阶段和开放程度的旅游型传统村落为例,综合运用问卷调查法、条件价值法、二元逻辑回归模型,探究游客文化生态补偿意愿及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)传统村落旅游地游客文化生态补偿意愿相对较高,614份调查样本中有64.98%的游客愿意支付文化生态补偿金,平均每次游览愿意支付51.06元,且更期望设立文化生态补偿专项资金,部分游客拒绝补偿主要是因为他们将文化生态服务视为公共物品而倾向于依赖政府全权负责补偿工作.(2)受教育程度、文化生态价值评价、游客满意度、文化生态补偿必要性认知对游客的文化生态补偿意愿影响显著且呈正向促进作用,低重游意愿具有显著负向影响,而性别、年龄、月收入、文化生态破坏担心度和旅游动机等因素的影响不显著.结论对揭示游客复杂的文化生态补偿意愿及其多重影响因素作用机理、指导传统村落旅游地文化生态的保护性补偿工作具有启示意义.

基于FPGA的硅微陀螺数字测控和温补技术研究

硅微陀螺仪由陀螺结构和测控电路组成,随着模拟接口电路的日臻完善,陀螺仪性能的提升主要靠数字电路中的测控和补偿算法;目前硅微陀螺测控电路正在向芯片化方向发展,为了加速硅微陀螺测控电路芯片化进程,用Verilog硬件描述语言设计了AGC和PLL对陀螺幅度和相位进行闭环控制,科氏力平衡进行闭环检测;对因加工造成的正交误差,设计了正交校正闭环;根据温度对陀螺仪的影响,对标度因数进行线性补偿,对零偏进行了BP神经网络补偿;实验结果表明,该控制系统下AGC相对稳定性为124 ppm,PLL相对稳定性为79.1 ppm,常温零偏稳定性为2.9°/h;在0~65℃内补偿前零偏稳定性为17.7°/h,补偿后零偏稳定性为9.1°/h,标度因数温度灵敏度降低1个数量级,不仅提升了硅微陀螺仪的性能,也为陀螺ASIC设计奠定了良好基础。

我国医疗机构用药教育开展现状调查

目的 调查我国各级医疗机构用药教育开展及补偿现状,为用药教育的高质量发展提供依据和建议。方法 采用网络问卷调查的方法,于2023年3月调查全国范围内各级医疗机构用药教育的开展情况,对结果进行描述性统计与影响因素分析。结果 共回收问卷1 368份,其中有效问卷1 304份,问卷有效率为95.32%。我国医疗机构用药教育总体开展率为73.62%,东部、中部和西部地区用药教育开展率分别为76.05%、67.68%、73.76%,三级、二级和一级医疗机构开展率分别为87.11%、60.57%、46.32%;发药窗口是最常见的用药教育场所,口头交代是比例最高的用药教育形式。三级医疗机构与一级和二级医疗机构相比,用药教育场所和形式都更加多元;各级医疗机构总体用药教育年服务量的中位数为500人次,且医疗机构级别越高,用药教育年服务量越大(P=0.023);超过一半的医疗机构无任何形式的用药教育补偿,有补偿的医疗机构大多是在工作量上予以体现。医疗机构等级、信息化和自动化程度是影响用药教育是否开展的重要因素。结论 与2019年相比,近年我国中部地区医疗机构用药开展率有一定提升;各地区的一级医疗机构用药教育开展率仍较低,需要继续提高。各医疗机构应根据自身特点设置用药教育场所,丰富用药教育形式,提高人才培养的数量和质量,继续积极落实药学服务收费,以促进用药教育高质量、可持续发展。

内蒙古城镇居民对草原生态补偿支付意愿及其影响因素研究

将“草原环境受益者”城镇居民纳入补偿主体研究其支付意愿,为推进市场化、多元化草原生态补偿机制提供理论参考依据。利用内蒙古12个盟市339份城镇居民调查数据,运用条件价值评估法(CVM)测算居民对草原生态补偿的平均支付意愿,在此基础上构建单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析生态保护补偿支付意愿的影响因素。结果表明:79.06%的城镇居民愿意为草原生态保护补偿付费,每人每年的支付意愿为107.46~135.92元,进一步测算平均支付意愿为27.30~34.50元/hm^(2);影响城镇居民支付意愿的关键因素按贡献度大小排列分别为受访者对草原生态保护重视程度、受教育程度、家庭月均收入和家庭居住地。