Effect of Fulvic Acid on Growth and Yield Components of Direct Seeding Rice

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of fulvic acid on the growth and yield components of direct seeding rice （Nanjing 44）. MethodThe rice seeds were soaked in 0 （water as a control）, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/L fulvic acid （FA） before sowed. Then, the rice morphological indices, leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthesis parameters, root activity and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured in the following field studies. ResultCompared with the control, the leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and dry matter weight and some fluorescence parameters such as the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II （PSII） （Fv/Fm）, excitation energy capture efficiency of opened PSII reaction center （Fv’/Fm’） and efficiency of the open reaction centre （ΦPS II） increased by different levels at both jointing stage and heading stage of direct seeding rice, whose seeds were soaked by FA with different concentrations. High FA concentration （4-6 g/L） significantly increased the cultivated rice leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and dry matter weight by 10.32% -22.88% , 5.88% -13.11% , 12.16% -26.84% , 11.43% -88.46% , 10.63% -21.63% , 18.49% -19.68% , respectively, thereby improving the physiological function and light energy transform efficiency of rice at the growth stage. With FA concentration increasing, the yield, effective panicles, grain number per panicle and seed setting rate were increased significantly compared with the control by 17.52%-18.71%, 3.46%-3.85%, 6.30%- 6.51% and 7.82%-8.69% respectively. ConclusionSoaking rice seed with FA could be considered as an effective way to improve the rice competitiveness at early growth stage.

DIRECT AND ADAPTIVE SLICING ON CAD MODEL OF IDEAL FUNCTIONAL MATERIAL COMPONENTS (IFMC)

A brand new direct and adaptive slicing approach is proposed, which canapparently improve the part accuracy and reduce the building time. At least two stages are includedin this operation: getting the crossing contour of the cutting plane with the solid part anddetermining the layer thickness. Apart from usual SPI algorithm, slicing of the solid model has itsspecial requirements. Enabling the contour line segments of the cross-section as long as possible isone of them, which is for improving manufacturing efficiency and is reached by adaptively adjustingthe step direction and the step size at every crossing point to obtain optimized secant height. Thelayer thickness determination can be divided into two phases: the geometry-based thicknessestimation and the material-based thickness verifying. During the former phase, the geometrytolerance is divided into two parts: a variety of curves are approximated by a circular arc, whichintroduces the first part, and the deviation error between the contour line in LM process and thecircular arc generates the second part. The latter phase is mainly verifying the layer thicknessestimated in the former stage and determining a new one if necessary. In addition, an example usingthis slicing algorithm is also illustrated.

Correlation between intracoronary thrombus components and coronary blood flow after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction at different onset time

BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is a leading cause of mortality.Early reperfusion to restore blood flow is crucial to successful treatment.In the current reperfusion regimen,an increasing number of patients have benefited from direct percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).In order to understand whether there is a correlation between the components of coronary thrombosis and the absence of reflow or slow blood flow after coronary stent implantation in direct PCI,we collected data on direct PCI cases in our hospital between January 2016 and November 2018.AIM To investigate the correlation between intracoronary thrombus components and coronary blood flow after stent implantation in direct PCI in AMI.METHODS We enrolled 154 patients(85 male and 69 female,aged 36–81 years)with direct PCI who underwent thrombus catheter aspiration within<3,3–6 or 6–12 h of onset of AMI between January 2016 and November 2018.The thrombus was removed for pathological examination under a microscope.The patients of the three groups according to the onset time of AMI were further divided into those with a white or red thrombus.The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)blood flow after stent implantation was recorded based on digital subtraction angiography during PCI.The number of patients with no-reflow and slow blood flow in each group was counted.Statistical analysis was performed based on data such as onset time,TIMI blood flow.RESULTS There were significant differences in thrombus components between the patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(P<0.01).In the group with PCI<3 h after onset of AMI,there was no significant difference in the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow between the white and red thrombus groups.In the groups with PCI 3-6 and 6-12 h after onset of AMI,there was a significant difference in the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow between the white and red thrombus groups(P<0.01).There was a significant correlation between the onset time of AMI and the occurrences of no-reflow and slow blood flow during PCI(P<0.01).CONCLUSION In direct PCI,the onset time of AMI and color of coronary thrombus are often used to predict whether there will be no reflow or slow blood flow after stent implantation.

Three-dimensional transformation of magnetization direction and magnetic field component at low latitudes based on vertical relationship

The transformation of the magnetization direction and the magnetic fi eld component is one of the important methods in magnetic data processing and transformation,which can be conducted in both wavenumber and spatial domains.The transformation method in the wavenumber domain has simpler processing expression and higher processing effi ciency than in the spatial domain;however,they are unstable at low latitude.In this paper,the conclusion that the sum is 0 of two vertical magnetic fi eld components(magnetization inclinations are also perpendicular)in 2D is used for the 3D transformation of the magnetization direction and the magnetic field component.In addition,the transformation method at low latitudes based on vertical relationship(VMT)is proposed,which is an iterative algorithm that converts the transformation of the magnetization direction and the magnetic field component at the low latitude into the high latitude.This method restrains the instability of transformation of constant and variable magnetization direction and magnetic fi eld components in low latitudes.The accuracy,stability,and practicality are verifi ed from synthetic models and real data.

Fast Tensor Principal Component Analysis via Proximal Alternating Direction Method with Vectorized Technique

This paper studies the problem of tensor principal component analysis (PCA). Usually the tensor PCA is viewed as a low-rank matrix completion problem via matrix factorization technique, and nuclear norm is used as a convex approximation of the rank operator under mild condition. However, most nuclear norm minimization approaches are based on SVD operations. Given a matrix , the time complexity of SVD operation is O(mn2), which brings prohibitive computational complexity in large-scale problems. In this paper, an efficient and scalable algorithm for tensor principal component analysis is proposed which is called Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Vectorized technique for Tensor Principal Component Analysis (LADMVTPCA). Different from traditional matrix factorization methods, LADMVTPCA utilizes the vectorized technique to formulate the tensor as an outer product of vectors, which greatly improves the computational efficacy compared to matrix factorization method. In the experiment part, synthetic tensor data with different orders are used to empirically evaluate the proposed algorithm LADMVTPCA. Results have shown that LADMVTPCA outperforms matrix factorization based method.

Progress and Developmental Direction of Post-harvest Component Detection and Preservation Techniques of Nanfeng Citrus in China

This paper was summarized the research status and the development tendency of post-harvest component detection and preservation techniques of Nanfeng citrus in China, also analyzed the characteristics of various techniques, and proposed the developmental direction of novel techniques for post-harvest component detection and preservation of Nanfeng citrus.

Clinical Experience with a System of Direct Componeer（Coltene/Whaledent, Switzerland） Composite Veneers.Work Difficulties and Ways of Overcoming Them

A system of finished Componeer composite veneers is a unique and having no analogy in the world elaboration of the Swisscompany Coltene/Whaledent, an outcome of almost halfa century experience of the company working in a field of composite materials.It combines the best features of direct and indirect restoration methods. The system is fulfilled of nanocomposite Synergy D6 that hashigh mechanical strength, convenience for workable consistency, color stability and a system of halftone shades, which facilitates colormatching. All this allows achieving excellent aesthetic results in minimal time. Application of an original standard scale givespossibility effectively assess optical properties of dental hard tissues and develop an implementation strategy of restoration before workstarted. Formation of Componeer form, polymerization and polishing at factory allow a practitioner fully utilize effect of＂fluorescence＂ inherent to the material. All this allows us to position the Componeer system as a serious alternative to non-directmethods of restoration with the possibility of both high aesthetic and cosmetic reconstruction reliability.

基于主成分分析的直播水稻后代稳定品系产量及稻米品质比较

以52份直播后代稳定品系为研究材料,对其稻米产量及品质性状进行分析,结果表明,供试材料产量及稻米品质性状均有不同程度分离。在产量上有待提高,但在加工品质、外观品质、营养食味品质等方面存在较大优势。利用主成分分析对直播稻种质资源稻米品质性状采用降维处理,构建了稻米品质性状的综合评价函数,筛选出5份评分大于2.0的材料,22DS045评分最高,达3.102,为辽宁滨海稻区抗逆优良食味直播水稻新品种选育研究与创新提供材料基础。

柔性低频输电系统的故障分量特征及保护适用性分析

柔性低频输电系统由于运行频率的改变以及柔性低频换流站的控制机理,其故障特征以及对保护原理的影响较为复杂。为了分析故障分量保护原理在柔性低频输电系统中的适用性问题,基于柔性低频换流站的控制架构,建立了以故障限流为故障控制策略的双端型低频输电模型。计及该系统线路发生三相故障的控制特性,分析了不同情况下的低频故障分量阻抗特性,并推导出低频等值阻抗的量化计算式,进而从理论上分析其对传统故障分量保护元件的影响机理。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC平台上搭建了双端低频输电测试模型对理论分析进行仿真验证。研究结果表明:柔性低频输电系统在一定故障条件下可造成故障分量保护范围缩小,甚至使得保护元件完全失效,研究结果对于低频系统继电保护研究的开展具有一定的参考作用。

捻度配置对双向包覆纱性能的影响及优化

为了纺制兼具回弹性和导电性的包覆纱,探讨捻度配置对包覆纱强伸性能和回弹性能的影响。以氨纶、不锈钢丝、棉股线为原料,基于空心锭包缠纺设备,纺制以氨纶为纱芯、不锈钢丝为第一外包覆层、棉股线为第二外包覆层的双向包覆纱。重点分析包缠捻度、外内捻度比等工艺参数对双向包覆纱的强伸性能、回弹性能的影响,利用主成分分析法对试验结果进行综合评判。结果表明:包缠捻度和外内捻度比对双向包覆纱强伸性能影响显著。在设定范围内,当包缠捻度800捻/m、外内捻度比1.0时,双向包覆纱综合质量较优。双向包覆纱在拉伸态下具有优良的导电特性,拓展了其在柔性可拉伸导线和柔弹电加热器件领域的应用范畴。认为:纺制兼具回弹性和导电性的双向包覆纱时,捻度配置是关键参数。

FeCo/Hβ分子筛催化N_(2)O低温分解的性能研究

以过渡金属､稀土金属､碱土金属､主族金属等为活性组分,REY､USY､ZSM-5､Hβ､4A､NaX､NaY以及SAPO-34等分子筛为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了负载型低温脱硝催化剂。通过XRD､BET､H_(2)-TPR等对催化剂理化性质进行表征,探究了其催化N_(2)O直接低温分解的性能。结果表明,负载Fe-Co双组分的Hβ分子筛催化性能最佳,相应负载量分别为12%和6%,最佳焙烧温度为430℃。Fe_(12)Co_(6)/Hβ具有较高的活性､热稳定性及良好的工业应用前景。

逆变型新能源场站送出线时域方向元件

逆变型新能源暂态故障特征可能导致送出线保护近区故障时现有距离保护方向元件不正确动作。基于逆变型新能源故障期间输出的正序无功电流特征,文中提出了适用于逆变型新能源场站送出线的故障方向判据,通过比较故障时保护安装处正序无功电流计算值与参考值之间的欧氏距离区分正、反向故障。仿真结果表明,提出的方向元件在各种故障场景下都能够准确地判断保护近区故障方向。

基于理化性质差异的滇橄榄特征香料定向制备

以滇橄榄为例,建立了基于目标组分理化性质的滇橄榄香料制备方法,筛选滇橄榄中可提升甜感,生津,具有果韵、花韵等的化合物标记为目标组分,剩余化合物则标记为非目标组分。结果表明:①滇橄榄目标组分和非目标组分,在分子量、保留时间、沸点和疏水性分布上有一定差别,理化指标差异程度及大小分布方向不尽相同;②与原提取物相比,定向制备组分中含有7个目标组分化合物,乙酸异戊酯、2-甲基丁酸乙酯、乙酸芳樟酯相对含量增幅明显,目标组分富集效果较为明显;③感官评吸表明,定向制备组分在烟气丰富性、甜润感和细腻性上改善较为明显,实验范围内,按烟丝质量的0.05%添加量效果较好。目标组分定向制备的思路,可有效富集对感官具有正向作用的化合物,为开发品质更优的烟用天然香料提供了新途径。

基于对称分量法的调相机定子故障特征分析

传统同步调相机定子绕组匝间短路故障机理分析方法通常认为电机定子电流接近三相对称,并以此为基础建立同步调相机故障电流的数学表征。但是,一旦发生定子绕组匝间短路故障,同步调相机三相定子电流的对称性将遭到破坏,使得传统故障机理分析方法所建立的数学表征无法准确反映电机内部电气量的变化。文中通过引入对称分量法,建立故障后同步调相机瞬时有功/无功功率的数学模型,提出利用瞬时有功/无功功率中的2次谐波进行定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断。仿真和实验的结果表明:相较于利用定子电流3次谐波与基波幅值之比诊断故障的传统方法,文中方法在轻微故障状态下能提高至少7倍的诊断灵敏度,更易完成早期故障诊断。同时,所提方法中的故障特征量不受同步调相机工况和故障位置的影响,具有强鲁棒性。

一种海上风电场柔直送出线单端保护方案

远海、大容量的海上风电场需要通过高压柔性直流系统并入大陆交流主网,柔直线路运行于海底,故障率高,需要配置快速、可靠的直流线路保护。目前,已实际应用于柔直工程的单端行波保护的暂态量幅值在高阻故障场景下会明显降低,其保护性能有进一步提升的空间。故障行波在传播过程中经过限流电抗,行波幅值变化受到抑制导致行波波形具有平滑特征,而区内故障下故障行波波形较曲折,突变明显。根据此特征,本文提出一种基于主成分分析(PCA)和支持向量机(SVM)的柔性直流线路单端保护方法,经仿真实验表明,该保护方法具有较好的耐过渡电阻及抗干扰能力。

基于Microsoft Direct X浅析COM组件与多媒体游戏的开发

Microsoft Direct X是一个基于COM技术的多媒体应用程序开发工具包.它代表了未来多媒体应用程序的开发方向.详细介绍了COM组件的基本概念和D irect X的构架,包括Direct3D,DirectSound,DirectShow,并在V isual C++6.0环境下用Direct X开发多媒体游戏作为应用实例.

RESEARCH ON LASER DIRECT DEPOSITION PROCESS OF Ti-6Al-4V ALLOY

Laser direct deposition （LDD） of metallic components is an advanced technology of combining CAD/CAM （computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing）, high power laser, and rapid prototyping. This technology uses laser beam to melt the powders fed coaxiaUy into the molten pool by the laser beam to fabricate fuUy dense metallic components. The present article mainly studies the LDD of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which can be used to fabricate aircraft components. The mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, fabricated by LDD, are obtained using the tension test, and the oxygen content of used powders and deposited specimens are measured. In the present article, it can be seen that the mechanical properties obtained using this method are higher than the ones obtained by casting, and equal to those got by wrought anneal. One aircraft part has been made using the LDD process. Because of this aircraft part, with sophisticated shape, the effect of the laser scanning track on the internal soundness of the deposited part was discussed.

Higher-order principal component pursuit via tensor approximation and convex optimization

Recovering the low-rank structure of data matrix from sparse errors arises in the principal component pursuit （PCP）. This paper exploits the higher-order generalization of matrix recovery, named higher-order principal component pursuit （HOPCP）, since it is critical in multi-way data analysis. Unlike the convexification （nuclear norm） for matrix rank function, the tensorial nuclear norm is stil an open problem. While existing preliminary works on the tensor completion field provide a viable way to indicate the low complexity estimate of tensor, therefore, the paper focuses on the low multi-linear rank tensor and adopt its convex relaxation to formulate the convex optimization model of HOPCP. The paper further propose two algorithms for HOPCP based on alternative minimization scheme： the augmented Lagrangian alternating direction method （ALADM） and its truncated higher-order singular value decomposition （ALADM-THOSVD） version. The former can obtain a high accuracy solution while the latter is more efficient to handle the computationally intractable problems. Experimental results on both synthetic data and real magnetic resonance imaging data show the applicability of our algorithms in high-dimensional tensor data processing.

Effect of additives on anode passivation in direct electrolysis process of copper–nickel based alloy scraps

Effects of nickel component,thiourea,glue and chloride ions and their interactions on the passivation of copper–nickel based alloy scrap anodes were investigated by combining conventional electrochemical techniques.Results obtained from chronopotentiometry and linear voltammetry curves showed that the Ni component made electrochemical stability of the anode strong and difficult to be corroded,caused by the adsorption of generated Cu2O,NiO or copper powder to the anode surface.The Ni2+reducing Cu2+to Cu+or copper powder aggravated the anode passivation.In a certain range of the glue concentration≤8×10–6 or thiourea concentration≤4×10–6,the increase of glue or thiourea concentration increases the anode passivation time.Over this range,glue and thiourea played an adverse effect.The increase of chloride ions concentration led to the increase in passivation time.

Nutrient deficiency limits population development,yield formation,and nutrient uptake of direct sown winter oilseed rape

Direct-sowing establishment method has great significance in improving winter oilseed rape（Brassica napus L.） production and guaranteeing edible oil security in China. However, nutrient responses on direct sown winter oilseed rape（DOR） performance and population development dynamic are still not well understood. Therefore, five on-farm experiments were conducted in the reaches of the Yangtze River（RYR） to determine the effects of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, and potassium（K） deficiencies on population density, dry matter production, nutrient uptake, seed yield, and yield components of DOR plants. Four fertilization treatments included the balanced NPK application treatment（NPK, 180 kg N, 39.3 kg P, 100 kg K, and 1.8 kg borax ha–1） and three nutrient deficiency treatments based on the NPK treatment, i.e., –N, –P, and –K. The results indicated that DOR population density declined gradually throughout the growing season, especially at over-wintering and pod-development stages. Nutrient deficiency decreased nutrient concentration in DOR plants, limited dry matter production and nutrient uptake, and thereby exacerbated density reduction during plants growth. The poor individual growth and reduced population density together decreased seed yield in the nutrient deficiency treatment. Averaged across all the experiments, seed yield reduced 61% by N deficiency, 38.3% by P deficiency, and 14.4% by K deficiency. The negative effects of nutrient deficiency on DOR performances followed the order of –N–P–K, and the effects were various among different nutrient deficiencies. Although N deficiency improved DOR emergence, but it seriously limited dry matter production and nutrient uptake, which in turn led to substantial plants death and therefore resulted in a very low harvested density. The P deficiency significantly reduced initial density, limited plants growth, and exacerbated density reduction. The K deficiency mainly decreased individual growth and yield, but did not affect density dynamic. Our results highlighted the importance of balanced NPK application in DOR production, suggesting that management strategy of these nutrients should be comprehensively considered with an aim to build an appropriate population structure with balanced plant density and individual growth.