Interconnectivity in the Region of Eurasia:Mongolia’s Presence in the SCO(Shanghai Cooperation Organization)

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)was formed in 2001 after breakdown of the socialist system and the Soviet Union as a new form of cooperation between former socialist countries in Eurasian region.Mongolia joined the SCO in 2005 with an observer member status.Since 2007,Presidents of Mongolia began to participate every year to the Summit of the heads of SCO member states.By the initiative of Mongolian President,in 2014 the tripartite format of the meetings of the leaders of three countries:Russia,China,and Mongolia were established.In June 2016,during the third meeting of the leaders of Russia,China,and Mongolia in Tashkent(Uzbekistan),“The Russia-China-Mongolia Economic Corridor Program”document was signed.This program is aiming to develop the infrastructure of three countries,ensuring the competitiveness of products on the world market,and strengthening the Eurasian integration.The content of this program is combining the main ideas of Chinese“Belt-Road”megaproject,Russian initiative for developing of Eurasian economic integration and Mongolian“Steppe Road”project.The main goal of the“Steppe Road”initiative is to involve Mongolia to become the transit territory for transportation of natural gas,oil,and other products between Russia and China.In conclusion,the author gives some comments regarding the issue of full membership status of Mongolia to the international organization—SCO.

A fast method to diagnose phase transition from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon

A series of hydrogenated silicon thin films were prepared by the radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method (RF-PECVD) with various si-lane concentrations. The influence of silane concentration on structural and elec-trical characteristics of these films was investigated to study the phase transition region from amorphous to microcrystalline phase. At the same time,optical emis-sion spectra (OES) from the plasma during the deposition process were monitored to get information about the plasma properties,Raman spectra were measured to study the structural characteristics of the deposited films. The combinatorial analysis of OES and Raman spectra results demonstrated that the OES can be used as a fast method to diagnose phase transition from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon. At last the physical mechanism,why both OES and Raman can be used to diagnose the phase transition,was analyzed theoretically.

Gunn器件中畴的静止-渡越-静止模式的实验观察和计算机模拟

本文讨论在GaAs n^+-n-n^+夹层结构的Cunn器件中畴的静止-渡越-静止模式,进行了实验观察和计算机模拟,指出在超过阈值的偏置电压下,当畴的耗尽层进入阳极附近的高掺杂区后,会逐渐停止下来形成准静态畴,这时畴外电场达到最大值.如果这时阴极凹口仍不能形成新畴,则准静态畴将进一步调整成为真正的静止畴,而畴外电场也将由最大值下降到一个与偏压无关的固定值.经过理论分析,得到了静止畴所固有的与外加偏压无关的畴外电场与有源区掺杂浓度的关系式,并和计算机模拟的结果相比较,得到很好的符合.如果偏压的增加使准静态畴所对应的畴外电场最大值已经足够使阴极凹口形成新的畴,则静止畴将转变为渡越畴.如果偏压继续增加,使积累层尾部覆盖了阴极凹口,则畴会再次静止下来,直到偏压增加到畴发生雪崩为止.计算和实验表明,后一个静止区的电压变化范围要比前一个大得多.本文还讨论了两个转变电压和温度的关系及扩散系数对静止畴的影响.

Experiments and analysis of gold disk targets irradiated by smoothing beams of Xingguang Ⅱ facilities with 350 nm wavelength

Gold disk targets were irradiated using focusing and beam smoothing methods on Xingguang (XG-Ⅱ) laser facilities with 350 nm wavelength,0.6 ns pulse width and 20-80 Joules energies. Laser absorption,light scattering and X-ray conversion were experimentally investigated. The experimental results showed that laser ab-sorption and scattered light were about 90% and 10%,respectively,under focusing irradiation,but the laser absorption increased 5%-10% and the scattered light about 1% under the condition of beam smoothing. Compared with the case of fo-cusing irradiation,the laser absorption was effectively improved and the scattered light remarkably dropped under uniform irradiation; then due to the decrease in laser intensity,X-ray conversion increased. This is highly advantageous to the in-ertial confinement fusion. However,X-ray conversion mechanism basically did not change and X-ray conversion efficiency under beam smoothing and focusing irra-diation was basically the same.

Numerical investigation on detonation cell evolution in a channel with area-changing cross section

The two-dimensional cellular detonation propagating in a channel with area-changing cross section was numerically simulated with the dispersion-controlled dissipative scheme and a detailed chemical reaction model. Effects of the flow ex-pansion and compression on the cellular detonation cell were investigated to illus-trate the mechanism of the transverse wave development and the cellular detona-tion cell evolution. By examining gas composition variations behind the leading shock,the chemical reaction rate,the reaction zone length,and thermodynamic parameters,two kinds of the abnormal detonation waves were identified. To explore their development mechanism,chemical reactions,reflected shocks and rarefac-tion waves were discussed,which interact with each other and affect the cellular detonation in different ways.

The hydrothermal wave of large-Prandtl-number fluid in a shallow cavity

The hydrothermal wave was investigated numerically for large-Prandtl-number fluid (Pr = 105.6) in a shallow cavity with different heated sidewalls. The traveling wave appears and propagates in the direction opposite to the surface flow (upstream) in the case of zero gravity when the applied temperature difference grows and over the critical value. The phase relationships of the disturbed velocity,temperature and pressure demonstrate that the traveling wave is driven by the disturbed tem-perature,which is named hydrothermal wave. The hydrothermal wave is so weak that the oscillatory flow field and temperature distribution can hardly be observed in the liquid layer. The exciting mechanism of hydrothermal wave is analyzed and discussed in the present paper.

China-Central Asia Power Cooperation Outlook

After analyzing the basic information,distribution of energy resources and condition of power industry in Central Asia,the high feasibility for China to cooperate closely with Central Asia in transnational power interconnection,power investment and technology exchanges,etc.is studied.Furthermore,the forms,mechanisms,existing problems and suggestions for the improvement of current policies related to the power cooperation are proposed.

化学毁损伏隔核对吗啡给药大鼠觅药行为及探索行为的影响

目的探讨双侧毁损伏隔核对吗啡给药大鼠觅药行为及大鼠探索行为的影响,为临床治疗药物依赖提供依据。方法在脑立体仪的引导下,用微量加样器将6-羟多巴胺缓慢注射入所有毁损组大鼠双侧伏隔核,而未毁损组注射等量生理盐水。以条件性位置偏爱实验为评价指标,评价双侧毁损伏隔核对吗啡给药大鼠觅药行为的影响;以场地探索实验为评价指标,评价双侧毁损伏隔核对大鼠探索行为的影响。结果在条件性位置偏爱实验中,单纯给药组实验后第1天、第4天、第7天、第10天在白盒里停留时间的对数平均值分别为5.54±1.30、5.46±1.62、5.64±1.31、5.49±1.32,与毁损给药组、单纯毁损组、对照组相比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),而其他三组之间差异无显著性;在场地探索实验中毁损组A室直立数,直立时间前2天低于对照组,其运动方格数却高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。而毁损组大鼠进入B室潜伏期却高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),并且毁损组大鼠对新物的探索时间高于对照组(P<0.05)。而第9天撤除新物后毁损组大鼠对新物的探索时间却低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论伏隔核中的多巴胺系统在精神依赖(大鼠表现为条件性位置偏爱)形成过程中起关键性作用;化学毁损伏隔核中的多巴胺系统能够影响吗啡给药大鼠的觅药行为,对大鼠运动探索能力也有一定影响。

The atomic structure and the properties of Ununbium (Z=112) and Mercury (Z=80)

A super heavy element Uub (z = 112) has been studied theoretically in conjunction with rela-tivistic effects and the effects of electron correlations.The atomic structure and the oscillator strengths of low-lying levels have been calculated,and the ground states have also been determined for the singly and doubly charged ions. The influence of relativity and correlation effects to the atomic properties of such a super heavy element has been investigated in detail. The results have been compared with the properties of an element Hg. Two energy levels at wave numbers 64470 and 94392 are suggested to be of good candidates for experimental observations.

失地农民问题研究

城市化是我国经济社会新一轮发展的突破口,是我国承接信息化、提升工业化、接轨国际化、提前基本实现现代化的必然要求。但伴随着城市化的推进,大量土地被征用,大批农民从土地上剥离出来,成为失地农民,并迅速扩大。但随着市场经济的全面推开,企业用工方式也走向市场化,政府不可能统包统揽,采用就业安置办法把农民“塞”进企业,而自行谋生又面临当前国有企业下岗失业人员再就业、大学扩招后毕业生就业和农村富余劳动力向城市转移的“三碰头”就业严峻形势,农民离开土地后如何就业生活成了困扰各级政府的一大难题。

Resource Allocation for IRS Assistedmm Wave Wireless Powered Sensor Networks with User Cooperation

In this paper,we investigate IRS-aided user cooperation(UC)scheme in millimeter wave(mmWave)wirelesspowered sensor networks(WPSN),where two single-antenna users are wireless powered in the wireless energy transfer(WET)phase first and then cooperatively transmit information to a hybrid access point(AP)in the wireless information transmission(WIT)phase,following which the IRS is deployed to enhance the system performance of theWET andWIT.We maximized the weighted sum-rate problem by jointly optimizing the transmit time slots,power allocations,and the phase shifts of the IRS.Due to the non-convexity of the original problem,a semidefinite programming relaxation-based approach is proposed to convert the formulated problem to a convex optimization framework,which can obtain the optimal global solution.Simulation results demonstrate that the weighted sum throughput of the proposed UC scheme outperforms the non-UC scheme whether equipped with IRS or not.

换热器自转清洗纽带自动阻垢技术的试验研究

为了考察内置自转清洗塑料螺旋纽带的除垢、防垢和清洗效果,以生产现场工业循环水换热器为研究对象,在相同条件下,对有、无自转清洗纽带的换热器污垢粘附速率和管壁腐蚀速率做了应用性对比试验研究。研究表明:自转清洗纽带的防垢、除垢、清洗效果显著,内置纽带管换热器与普通光管换热器相比,污垢粘附速率平均下降46%;塑料纽带对管壁的额外磨损微乎其微,可免除金属纽带对管壁的磨损问题。这些研究结果为自转纽带的推广应用提供了参考依据。

湖南省1991-2000年三次抽样调查学生视力状况研究

目的 了解湖南省学生视力状况及其变化特点,为今后更好地开展视力保护和近视预防工作提供参考依据。方法 分别于1991年、1995年和2 0 0 0年,按照全国学生体质健康状况调研要求采用整群分层抽样和统一检测方法,对学生进行视力状况调查研究,所获资料分年度、年龄阶段、城乡、男女性别间对比χ2 检验。结果 三次共调查5 5 5 3 3名学生,视力不良发生率为41. 46% ,其中2 0 0 0年水平为小学生14 . 5 3 % ,初中生为3 3 . 96% ,高中生为5 8 10 % ,大学生为74 .3 2 % ,除大学生略高外,其余均低于全国平均水平。并有显著城乡差异和性别差异,城大于乡,女大于男。视力不良的发生率随年龄而上升,并且患者构成随年龄上升而呈现重症化趋势。结论 湖南省学生视力不良发生率仍处在较高水平,且视力不良发生率城乡差异呈扩大趋势。

The application analyses for primary spectrum pyrometer

In the applications of primary spectrum pyrometry,based on the dynamic range and the minimum sensibility of the sensor,the application issues,such as the measurement range and the measurement partition,were investigated through theoretical analyses. For a developed primary spectrum pyrometer,the theoretical predictions of measurement range and the distributions of measurement partition were presented through numerical simulations. And the measurement experiments of high-temperature blackbody and standard temperature lamp were processed to further verify the above theoretical analyses and numerical results. Therefore the research in the paper provides the helpful supports for the applications of primary spectrum pyrometer and other radiation pyrometers.

“3S”技术在沙质荒漠化土地动态监测中的应用

通过建立以单位面积内风蚀地或流沙面积所占百分比、地表植被覆盖度和地表景观为指标的沙质荒漠化土地类型和以沙质荒漠化土地变化幅度为指标的沙质荒漠化土地变化类型分类系统,采用1975年MSS卫星图像数据和1987年、2000年TM卫星图像数据为遥感信息源和野外验证相结合提取沙质荒漠化土地类型的方法,在MAPGIS系统支持下,对位于鄂尔多斯高原和黄土高原接壤地带的1∶25万《东胜市》、《榆林县》幅沙质荒漠化土地进行了1975年、1987年和2000年的动态变化分析,得出了1975年至1987年沙质荒漠化土地呈发展状态、1987年至2000年和1975年至2000年呈逆转状态的结果。

河南省大骨节病病区16岁以上人群重点调查

目的 掌握 16岁以上人群大骨节病流行趋势和患者现况 ,为今后开展防治与研究提供依据。方法 采用重点调查的方法 ,对历史病情较重的 2个病村 16岁及以上居民大骨节病病情进行普查 ;对部分患者拍摄右手、肘部X线片 ;调查 3 0户当地居民的膳食、饮水、住宅、粮食储存方式等情况。结果 临床检查 82 2人 ,检出Ⅰ度及以上患者 145人 ,检出率 17.64 % ;拍摄手、肘部X线片 42人 ,干骺阳性 5人 ,占 11.90 % ,骨端阳性 2 4人 ,占 5 7.14% ,肘关节狭窄 15人 ,占 3 5 .71% ;除蔬菜、豆腐、动物蛋白与非病区比较差异无显著意义外 ,主食、饮水、储粮、居住环境与非病区比较差异有显著意义。结论 低年龄组 (2 0岁以下 )无患者 ,患者多为 3 0岁以上年龄组 。

Comparing of Hydrogen On-Board Storage by the Largest Car Companies, Relevance to Prospects for More Efficient Technologies

It presented a comparative consideration of General Motors long-term activities on the current subject of fuel-cell-powered electric vehicles vs Toyota Mirai recent results, relevant to prospects on more efficient and safe technologies of the hydrogen on-board storage. It also presented a call on the project International cooperation. The main aim of this paper is to attract attention of General Motors, Toyota and/or other large car companies to a real possibility of developing and using, in the nearest future, of the break-through hydrogen on-board storage technology based on the solid H2 intercalation into graphite nanostructures.

河南油田新疆石油探区莱姆病流行病学调查

目的查明河南油田所属新疆石油探区人群莱姆病感染与发病情况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用普查方法进行流行病学调查,间接免疫荧光抗体法(IFAT)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行血清抗莱姆病螺旋体抗体检测。根据流行病学资料、临床表现和血清学检查结果进行病例诊断。统计学分析采用χ2检验。结果分别进行了5次调查,共计7956人,检测到抗莱姆病螺旋体抗体(IgG/IgM)阳性者1037份,感染率为12.07%～14.07%,平均感染率为13.03%。不同职业人群中,莱姆病感染率以野外勘探开发组最高(16.36%),野外建设施工组次之(12.63%),后勤服务组最低(7.58%),3组间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=101.1,P<0.01)。感染者中年龄最小6岁,最大61岁,但不同年龄组感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.1,P>0.1)。诊断为莱姆病者665例,患病率为8.36%。结论河南油田新疆石油探区人群存在莱姆病感染,并有莱姆病的发生和流行,应加强莱姆病的防治,以保护其健康。

一种高效的合作实时事务并行检验点算法

许多数据和活动上都有很强时间性的应用在地理上同时具有分布性,这种应用需求使得分布式实时数据库的研究成为数据库研究领域的热点。在实时事务执行时,事务故障或数据竞争会导致事务重启,为了减少因重启而损失的工作量,可以采用检验点技术以利于事务时间正确性的满足。在一些分布式实时数据库应用中,不同结点的事务通过消息交换形成合作关系,当某一事务记检验点时,为保证合作事务间的全局一致性,相关事务也要相应地记检验点。传统的协同检验点方法没有考虑应用的定时约束,不能很好地支持分布式实时事务处理。本文提出了一种高效的并行协同检验点方法,该算法既具有最小协同检验点特性又使全局检验点过程延时最小。实验表明该算法减少了全局检验点阻塞时间,有利于分布式实时事务截止期的满足。