AI赋能哲学社会科学研究、传播及评价

人工智能正在改变整个人类社会,丰富人们的文化生活,促进科技创新与发展,是各行各业“新质化”的促进剂。人工智能可为哲学社会科学提供高效的研究工具和研究场景,将深刻影响哲学社会科学研究、传播及评价的方方面面。加速人工智能在哲学社会科学研究、传播及评价领域的深入应用,提升哲学社会科学研究效率,促进哲学社会科学的创新与发展,构建自主知识体系,是当下哲学社会科学工作者的重要使命。为推进AI赋能哲学社会科学(AI4SS),2024年9月28日,由西华大学、四川省社会科学学术期刊协会主办,西华大学学术期刊部、四川省社会科学重点研究基地四川学术成果分析与应用研究中心承办的“AI赋能社科研究与评价天府论坛”在西华大学举行。来自南京大学、中国人民大学、四川大学等高校与科研机构的20位专家学者,从不同学科、研究领域出发,就人工智能赋能哲学社会科学研究、传播及评价进行了深入交流。文章为20位专家学者在论坛上所作报告的主要观点。这些报告议题包括AI赋能人文社科研究方法的变革,法学、教育学、经济学、图书情报学、新闻传播等社会学科视域下的人工智能,AI辅助社会科学研究的学术伦理,人工智能在医疗健康、大宗商品价格风险监测、大学生高阶思维能力培养等方面的应用,AI赋能学术期刊出版与传播,AI赋能哲学社会科学评价新模式、新平台、新场景,等等。这些议题共同描绘了一个由AI技术驱动的多学科融合与创新的新时代。

Cellular Perception: When the Cell Model Includes a Sense Order which Ensues from a Philosophy of Nature, the Signaling and Epigenetics Effects which Can Result from Exposure to Magnetic Fields Are Described Better

Academic biology-medicine refers to a couple of philosophies, Organicism and Mechanism, which translates into an association of Cybernetic diagrams and molecular Reductionism. This association presents logical difficulties which make it unsuitable to describe correctly biological effects of electromagnetic fields, EMF. But these logical difficulties may be overcome when renewing the organic cell idea by means of a Philosophy of Nature which juxtaposes causality order and sense order in the cell. The signalsome, the set of descriptive components resulting from the genome, is constantly reorganized. This remodeling may become epigenetic when the phenotype becomes transformed by experience of perceptions in a given medium, because the perception of overall information coming from the extracellular medium becomes functional within the system. In that cellular perception, it is stated that the significance base which contributes to the sense order results from the qualitative topological structure of the extracellular medium. Therefore the EMF interactions target is not only the membrane and its molecules;it is also the structure of the extracellular medium which bathes the membrane. Knowing that the sense order modulation constitutes the global soil of the (localized) causality order, it is possible to obtain a same EMF bioeffect on a membrane molecule by treating a culture of cells in its bath or by treating only the extracellular aqueous medium. Consequently, the double bioeffect resulting from EMF exposure is described simply, because the sense order, such as it results from the qualitative structuring of the medium, forms the significance base which directs the causal mechanics of the cellular answer.

DEBRA: On the Unsupervised Learning of Concept Hierarchies from (Literary) Text

With this work, we introduce a novel method for the unsupervised learning of conceptual hierarchies, or concept maps as they are sometimes called, which is aimed specifically for use with literary texts, as such distinguishing itself from the majority of research literature on the topic which is primarily focused on building ontologies from a vast array of different types of data sources, both structured and unstructured, to support various forms of AI, in particular, the Semantic Web as envisioned by Tim Berners-Lee. We first elaborate on mutually informing disciplines of philosophy and computer science, or more specifically the relationship between metaphysics, epistemology, ontology, computing and AI, followed by a technically in-depth discussion of DEBRA, our dependency tree based concept hierarchy constructor, which as its name alludes to, constructs a conceptual map in the form of a directed graph which illustrates the concepts, their respective relations, and the implied ontological structure of the concepts as encoded in the text, decoded with standard Python NLP libraries such as spaCy and NLTK. With this work we hope to both augment the Knowledge Representation literature with opportunities for intellectual advancement in AI with more intuitive, less analytical, and well-known forms of knowledge representation from the cognitive science community, as well as open up new areas of research between Computer Science and the Humanities with respect to the application of the latest in NLP tools and techniques upon literature of cultural significance, shedding light on existing methods of computation with respect to documents in semantic space that effectively allows for, at the very least, the comparison and evolution of texts through time, using vector space math.

Beyond Spacetime Geometry—The Death of Philosophy and Its Quantum Reincarnation

Contrary to the “end” and “death” assertions on philosophy, this paper predicts an equilibrium-based and harmony-centered scientific reincarnation of philosophy. Logically, the reincarnation is backed by a formal system and a background independent geometry that transcends spacetime. Physically, it is supported by definable quantum causality and bipolar logical unifications of matter and antimatter, particle and wave, big bang and black hole, relativity and quantum entanglement. Philosophically, it is distinguished from Western metaphysics and dialectics as well as the Dao of Laozi. It is named a quantum reincarnation for its central claim that YinYang bipolar quantum entanglement is the source of causality for the Being of beings following the 2nd law of thermodynamics. Thus, it presents a modest unification of science and philosophy for their reciprocal interaction (Note: Equilibrium subsumes non-equilibrium and quasi—equilibrium as local non-equilibriums can form global equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium).

The Physical Laws and Mathematical Axioms of the Brain’s OS and the Traditional Fundamental Laws of Thought of Logic and Philosophy

This article presents four (4) additions to a book on the brain’s OS published by SciRP in 2015 [1]. It is a kind of appendix to the book. Some familiarity with the earlier book is presupposed. The book itself proposes a complete physical and mathematical blueprint of the brain’s OS. A first addition to the book (see Chapters 5 to 10 below) concerns the relation between the afore-mentioned blueprint and the more than 2000-year-old so-called fundamental laws of thought of logic and philosophy, which came to be viewed as being three (3) in number, namely the laws of 1) Identity, 2) Contradiction, and 3) the Excluded Middle. The blueprint and the laws cannot both be the final foundation of the brain’s OS. The design of the present paper is to interpret the laws in strictly mathematical terms in light of the blueprint. This addition constitutes the bulk of the present article. Chapters 5 to 8 set the stage. Chapters 9 and 10 present a detailed mathematical analysis of the laws. A second addition to the book (Chapter 11) concerns the distinction between the laws and the axioms of the brain’s OS. Laws are part of physics. Axioms are part of mathematics. Since the theory of the brain’s OS involves both physics and mathematics, it exhibits both laws and axioms. A third addition (Chapter 12) to the book involves an additional flavor of digitality in the brain’s OS. In the book, there are five (5). But brain chemistry requires a sixth. It will be called Existence Digitality. A fourth addition (Chapter 13) concerns reflections on the role of imagination in theories of physics in light of the ignorance of deeper causes. Chapters 1 to 4 present preliminary matter, for the most part a brief survey of general concepts derived from what is in the book [1]. Some historical notes are gathered at the end in Chapter 14.

Chinese Culture,Classical Philosophy,and the Cultivation of Life

This paper explores the intricate relationship between Chinese culture and the nation’s rise,emphasizing the indispensable role of cultural education in fostering a robust national spirit and civilization.Drawing from classical Chinese texts and contemporary philosophical insights,the study examines how cultural virtues and educational practices can lead to societal harmony,national rejuvenation,and global contributions.The analysis highlights the enduring relevance of Confucian principles and their potential to address modern challenges,advocating for a renewed focus on cultural education to achieve a prosperous and peaceful world.Additionally,it underscores the necessity of integrating traditional values with modern educational practices to create a holistic approach that fosters ethical leadership and global cooperation.

Alloy Gene Sequence Project and System Science Philosophy

System Science Philosophy is a knowledge system constructed of universal principle and law sequences. Alloy gene is a characteristic atom existing in the center of coordination cluster and occupying the lattice point of a lattice cell, and carries holographic information about valence electron structure, physical and thermodynamic properties obtained by alloy gene theory. Alloy gene potential energy curve function has developed traditional atom pair interaction potential functions into many atoms’ interaction function associated with valence electron structure, bond length, bond energy, which makes alloy gene Gibbs energy function can be established. Alloy gene Gibbs energy transmissive function has developed traditional partition function. Its equilibrium and sub-equilibrium transmissive modes produce alloy holographic network positioning bank, which is operable platform to achieve transformation from “trial and error” method to the “whole obtained from a few part” law for getting advanced alloys. It has become possible to launch alloy gene sequence project.

西方哲学“一分为三”思想初探

“一分为三”是人类认识最普遍的规律和最基本的思维方式。西方哲学充满着“一分为三”的辩证思想。哲学意义上的“一”具有本原意义,是具有普遍性意义的无任何规定性的存在。这与老子“一”相似。“一”具有相对的稳定性、广泛的包容性和强烈的可变异性。“三”具有“类”的意义。亚里士多德提出了“美德是一种适中”的观点,构成“过度、不足、适中”的“一分为三”模式,相似于我国孔子“过、不及、中庸”模式。“适中”是法律、自然、良心等。黑格尔提出了“正--反--合”即否定之否定的“一分为三”思维模式,并将自己的哲学体系划分为逻辑学、自然哲学和精神哲学三个部分。这与中国哲学思想都有相似之处。

Philosophy of Science for Scientists: The Probabilistic Interpretation of Science

Recently we proposed “quantum language” (or, “the linguistic Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics”, “measurement theory”) as the language of science. This theory asserts the probabilistic interpretation of science (=the linguistic quantum mechanical worldview), which is a kind of mathematical generalization of Born’s probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we consider the most fundamental problems in philosophy of science such as Hempel’s raven paradox, Hume’s problem of induction, Goodman’s grue paradox, Peirce’s abduction, flagpole problem, which are closely related to measurement. We believe that these problems can never be solved without the basic theory of science with axioms. Since our worldview (=quantum language) has the axiom concerning measurement, these problems can be solved easily. Thus we believe that quantum language is the central theory in philosophy of science. Hence there is a reason to assert that quantum language gives the mathematical foundations to science.

今日儒家学说的文教力量

儒家学说一直被认为是中华文化的主流,也代表华人的传统,因此,当社会出了问题,便归咎于儒家思想。百年来,前有"五四",后有"文革",儒学一时成为攻击摧毁的对象。魏晋以后,儒学对基层社会的影响其实有限,因此不应负起社会封建腐败的全责。讲者认为,由孔、孟、荀集大成的儒家思想,经过历代官僚将之政治化、塾师将之教条化、学者将之支离化,再加上现代中外学者将之西方化,使本来代表了中华民族的经验与智慧不断被消磨损耗,沦为难以理解的碎文剩义。讲者首先列举论证,肯定正统儒家学说的现代意义,继而提出复兴儒学的具体方案,并倡议华人社会的有识之士,负起继往圣兴绝学的使命:把优秀的中华文化重新定位,而为世人认识,为社会发展新生命;并使此一贯彻人本精神的伟大思想,足与西方哲学与宗教分庭抗礼,推动新时代人类文明的进步.本文为作者2002年在新加坡由《联合早报》和国立大学艺术中心与中文系联办的"吴德耀文化讲座"所作的讲演。教育家昊德耀教授(1915-1994)生前服膺中华文化,阐扬儒学于海隅南疆,不遗余力,居功至伟,本讲即为纪念昊教授而作。

哲学大师朱伯崑先生访谈录

1999年,《邯郸师专学报》开设了具有地方特色的“赵文化研究”专栏,6年来累计发表论文60多篇,并在此基础上出版了《赵文化研究》一书,《人民日报》、《光明日报》、《新华每日电讯》、《科学时报》、《管子学刊》等多家报刊给予报道和述评,产生了很好的社会反响。从今年起,《邯郸师专学报》升格更名为《邯郸学院学报》,特增设“学术名家研究”专栏,每期访谈一位当代学术名家,对其学术成果进行研究,突出当代特色,追踪理论前沿。本刊着重办好“赵文化”和“学术名家”两个专栏,一古一今,交相辉映,旨在提高办刊水平和学术质量,促进学术繁荣。本栏目访谈的第一位学术名家为国际易学联合会会长、中国易学与科学研究会理事长、东方国际易学研究院院长、哲学大师、北京大学著名教授朱伯崑先生。同时还邀请北京大学哲学系王博教授和南开大学乔清举教授分别撰写了《哲学与经学之间——朱伯崑先生〈易学哲学史〉的贡献》和《论朱伯崑先生的中国哲学史观和中国哲学史的研究》两篇专论一同发表,以飨读者。

On the Praxis-Oriented Semiotic Aesthetics in Eastern European Marxism

Eastern European Marxism,taking a critical stance towards structuralism,gave rise to a unique paradigm of praxis-oriented semiotic aesthetics.This novel approach posits that signs emerge from humans’social praxis and also function as a means of praxis.It further delves into the principle governing the generation and usage of signs,i.e.,the Economy Principle,the homogenization of signs,the situatedness or contextual constraints,as well as their aesthetic features and transcendental attributes.As a result,the praxis-oriented semiotic aesthetics within Eastern European Marxism exhibits distinct theoretical value.

Research on Chinese Education Philosophy of "Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics Combination "

Chinese Education Philosophy of "Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics Combination" manifests in the research on Chinese education from aesthetics perspective. It aims at the "narrow and limited view" of "not the general aesthetics, but the artistic beauty only", and it aims at biased opinion of "the interest saying", "the fine arts saying", "the esthetic sense saying" on aesthetics. It also aims at serious distraction of "LEFT in form but RIGHT in essence" of the mainstream ideology "the thought", "the revolution", "politics" and so on. It is a complex study of Chinese education from the philosophy of the unity of Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics of oriental aesthetics, the consensus of Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics of Western aesthetics, and the identity of Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics of Marx aesthetics. From aesthetics perspective, it studies Chinese education, "combing" the reversed relationships among "truth", "kindness" and "aesthetics" in Chinese, adopting the methods of "research with great ease", "cases study", and "combination of ration and perception", to achieve "truth" of in Chinese, "kindness" of and "aesthetics" of , promote the development of "Chinese intellectual education", "Chinese moral education", and "Chinese aesthetic education" harmoniously, to realize the "Truth, Kindness, and Aesthetics Combination" of Chinese education and to reach the brand-new boundary territory of "human development and integrity construction" effectively.

系统的情报观到系统的安全观:兵家情报思想探赜

[研究目的]中国传统情报思想已经受到广泛关注,但传统的情报思想究竟折射出何种情报观,并且其背后蕴含何种国家安全意蕴,还需要系统梳理。全景把握古代情报思想,能够为推进新时代国家安全建设提供启示。[研究方法]以中国古代兵家为研究对象,选取《孙子兵法》《六韬》《吴子》三个代表性的兵家著作为具体分析文本,系统提炼兵家的情报观,并从“情报—反情报”“情报—决策—安全”两个维度剖析古代情报观及其背后蕴含的安全观。[研究结论]兵家的情报思想体现出一种从宏观到微观的情报工作体系,包含了“情报工作周期”的各个要素,并构建了情报与安全之间相关关系。总体来看,中国古代情报史仍具有良好的现代价值,在提升国家安全工作效能方面具有重要借鉴作用。

“Systematic Rival”From the Perspective of Philosophy of Property System

At present,the world is undergoing accelerating changes unseen in a century.With the United States regarding China as a strategic competitor,China-EU relations have become the core of national and global governance.For this reason,we use the basic theory and tools of Philosophy of Property System to clarify the EU’s characterization of China and accordingly propose the method of judgment and the principle of response.From this,we can get three basic cognitions of“systematic rivalry”,namely mutual exclusion of common cognition(Model A),mutual exclusion and cooperation of personality cognition(Model B),and cooperation of historical cognition(Model C).In order to steadily grasp the nature of“systematic rival”and make it operable,three basic cognitive models(AB,AC,BC,ABC,etc.)are combined,and a comprehensive judgment(ABC+model)is made to adapt to the supranational sovereignty characteristics of the EU.It is believed that the nature of“systematic rivalry”in the“trinity”refers to the main aspects of competition between China and Europe.Therefore,there are three principles for the Philosophy of Property System of“systematic rival”:first,maintain the situation of competition and cooperation;second,there is no fixed mode of competition and cooperation;and third,temporary confrontation and complementarity will lead to new competition and cooperation.

Reflections on the Three Controversies in Economic Methodology by Virtue of the Philosophy of Science

The philosophical foundation of the mainstream neoclassical economics is empirical philosophy.The controversies of economic methodology over inductive and deductive methods,over verificationistic and falsificationistic approaches,and over positive and normative analyses in the evolution of economics are associated with those in the philosophy of science.The evolution of philosophy of science suggests that the above-mentioned pairs of economic methodologies should be appropriately combined when used in economics.It is not sensible to overemphasize either one inside each pair of economic methodologies.

当代中国马克思主义大众化的路径选择

推进当代中国马克思主义大众化,要注意理论宣传在内容和语言上的通俗性,丰富理论宣传的方式和渠道,提高理论宣传手段的现代化水平,建立和完善理论宣传的效果评价机制,建立马克思主义大众化的专业人才队伍。因此,通俗化的表达形式、多样化的普及方式、现代化的传播手段、科学化的效果评价以及专业化的理论队伍,是推进当代中国马克思主义大众化的有效路径。

中国页岩气新区带、新层系和新类型勘探进展、挑战及对策

近年来,中国页岩气聚焦“三新”(尚未开展工作或工作程度低的新区带、新层系及新类型)领域,加大理论攻关与勘探力度,页岩气增储上产再上新台阶。基于中国页岩气“三新”领域理论与勘探新进展,分析其勘探特点、变化趋势和发展前景,探索中国特殊页岩气地质理论,明确页岩气发展挑战与对策。结果表明:中国在四川盆地及邻区创新建立了五峰组-龙马溪组特色的高-过成熟度海相页岩气富集理论,累计发现页岩气田9个,探明页岩气地质储量近3×10^(12)m^(3),形成了450×10^(8)m^(3)/a的页岩气产能,年产页岩气250×10^(8)m^(3)。明确了近年来中国页岩气“三新”领域勘探具三大特点:①四川盆地及邻区五峰组-龙马溪组在深层、极浅层勘探取得重大新发展;②四川盆地筇竹寺组和吴家坪组等多个新层系实现新突破;③鄂尔多斯盆地西缘乌拉力克组获得新发现,东缘山西组取得新突破。页岩气“三新”领域的勘探实现了三大战略性转变:①目标由单一类型、单一盆地和单一层系转变为多类型、多盆地和多层系;②选区由盆内或盆缘为主转变为盆内、盆缘兼顾盆外弱改造区;③思路由纯粹富有机质页岩转变为富有机质页岩系统。通过梳理中国页岩气“三新”领域勘探挑战,指出“三新”领域是中国页岩气可持续发展的方向,并提出了下一步发展对策。

“了解之同情”与“抽象的继承”——从解释学角度看两种中国思想史观

陈寅恪认为思想史的写作应该建立在对研究对象的"了解之同情"的基础之上;冯友兰则强调对古代哲学的重要命题区分具体意义和抽象意义,进而完成"抽象的继承"。从解释学的角度来看:前者认为解释的有效性就是对作者意图的还原;后者则认为解释的有效性在于发掘文本本身的真理性内涵。前一种看法是中国解释传统中"知人论世"说的现代形态,并与西方认识论的解释学有相近的旨趣;后一种看法则基于回应学术现代性的考虑,与西方本体论解释学有相通之处。

论杜威教育哲学的意义

教育哲学是杜威思想中最为独特和新颖的维度。杜威教育哲学在西方教育哲学史上具有重要的地位。实践哲学的观念、进步和民主的信念、现实主义的考虑和实验主义的方法,使得杜威企图通过教育来实现其改造生活世界的哲学宗旨,并以此作为判断一种哲学的实际价值的重要标准。杜威教育哲学的核心是经验主义,其基本原则是实验主义和民主主义。杜威教育哲学弥合二元论的努力是哲学改造、社会改造和教育改造的综合。讨论杜威教育哲学的当代意义,既要肯定其建设性,又要看到其有限性。