Construction of Urban Ecological Garden in Qinhuangdao City

By applying the relevant theories of constructing urban ecological gardens,the problems existing in the ecological garden city construction of Qinhuangdao City were analyzed,the construction planning and countermeasures were put forward.

Study on the Planning of Garden Greening Tree Species in Liuzhou City

By analyzing the application situation of greening tree species in Liuzhou City,this study aimed to put forward several strategies and suggestions for garden tree species planning in Liuzhou City according to relevant theories and principles.

Tropical and Subtropical Urban Landscape Plant Cultivation in Southwest China—A Case Study of Honghe Hani and Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture

By studying current seedling production in Honghe Hani and Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, tropical and subtropical urban landscape plant production in southwest China was analyzed. Local nurseries total 6.40 km 2 , accounting for 5.1% of total constructed land area in the prefecture, and only 0.02% of the total land area in the prefecture. Application of local plant species in landscape engineering and green coverage ratio lags far behind the indexes of Chinese livable city and indexes of relieving urban heat island effect. By making proper policies and measures, seedling production can be promoted, rare and endanged wild plant species should be fully used to construct garden city, control PM2.5 and protect the living environment.

Ecological Garden City Green System Plan in Shenyang City

Based on analyzing the current situation of green space in Shenyang City, the plan conception and goal of an ecological garden city green space system is proposed. Taking the corridors in urban areas as a support, a scientific system of urban and suburban areas is established, strengthening the construction of natural ecological green land which is around the city fringe area and the urban river system.

On Construction and Development of Ecological Garden City in Handan

Through introducing the connotation of ecological garden city, the paper analyzed the current construction situations and problems in Handan City and proposed the countermeasures of building national garden city in Handan.

Study on the Biodiversity Protection System of Eco-garden City

It is a basic requirement of eco-garden city construction to establish a biodiversity protection system,and also a concrete requirement of ecological development for an eco-garden city.Biodiversity protection system of the eco-garden city includes the following contents:clarifying hierarchical requirements of the urban biodiversity protection,that is,classified protection of planning hierarchy and biodiversity hierarchy;achieving biodiversity protection via the planning system;establishing a quantity index system of urban biodiversity protection.Major strategies for establishing the biodiversity protection system were given as below:giving proper ecological planning and design;providing policy and law support;enhancing the construction of humanistic and education environment.Study on biodiversity protection system in eco-garden city may become an important support for the future quality evaluation of urban construction.

The Practice Strategy of Construction of Ecological Garden City in China: A Case Study of Action of “Xuchang Being Full of Green” in Xuchang City

Starting from the purpose and current situation of the implementation of action of "Xuchang being full of green",this study analyzed the problems existing in the implementation of action of "Xuchang being full of green" and discussed the implementation plan of action of "Xuchang being full of green" from two aspects of macro strategy and node promotion strategy,hoping to promote the construction of ecological garden cities in Xuchang and other cities in China.

贵阳市水网建设研究

为推进贵州水网建设,以贵阳市为例,围绕新时期国家水网建设的新要求,从水资源配置、防洪减灾体系、水生态环境和水利信息化等4个方面分析了贵阳市水网建设基础条件及面临的形势,提出了水网规划总体布局、主要任务,并分析了水网建成后的效益。结果表明:贵阳市水网在水资源条件、水利工程建设情况、水利信息化等方面具有建设的基础条件,面临着水资源调配能力不足、防洪减灾存在薄弱环节、水生态环境不稳定、水利信息化仍未达到高质量发展要求的形势;围绕国家水网的“纲、目、结”3个层次提出了“一干八支、五横五纵、黔夹济筑、多库相连”的水网格局;贵阳市水网建设的主要任务是以重要河流为基础,重要引提水工程为重点,科学推进区域性供水和输水工程建设,实施中小河流治理和山洪灾害防治,加快推进中小型水库等重点水源工程建设;水网建成后具有全面提升供水保障水平、持续提升防洪减灾能力、加强水生态系统稳定性、大幅提升水网智慧化水平的效益。

日照市国土空间生态保护格局与修复路径

国土空间生态保护格局是优化区域生态空间配置,提高区域生态系统稳定性和生态质量的基础框架,对统筹国土空间生态保护和生态修复具有重要指导意义。本文生态学理念为指导,基于区域生态本底状况,在进行生态服务功能重要性评价的基础上,识别重要生态源地和主要生态廊道,构建国土空间生态保护总体格局。同时,从维持国土空间生态保护格局、提升区域生态系统质量出发,提出国土空间生态修复路径,为优化区域国土空间生态保护格局提供参考。

顾及城郊农田生态服务价值的中心城区生态安全网络重构

针对中心城区日益凸显的农业、生态、城镇三类空间冲突问题,借鉴田园城市理论,创新性地提出一种利用城郊高生态价值农田细化城市生态安全网络,构建“三生”空间协调有序的国土空间格局的方法。利用防城港市遥感影像、国土调查和社会经济数据,在城郊耕地综合评价的基础上,采用评价结果修正的当量因子法评估其农田生态价值。进一步利用InVEST、MSPA及MCR模型初步构建市域生态安全网络,再将高生态价值农田作为临时生态节点完成网络重构,并进行对比分析。以重构的新网络指导中心城区的规划分区优化,并对市域和中心城区两级生态网络要素的空间管控规则及联合管理机制进行了探索。结果表明:(1)防城港市区单位面积农田生态价值为35540元/hm^(2),高生态价值农田较均匀的环城分部。(2)重构后的网络新增34个临时节点和51条绿带,延长48.425 km,增加808.89 hm^(2)生态源。(3)新网络能有效引导中心城区形成圈层发展结构,较原网络在连通性、有效性、稳定性上均有所提升。研究结果为注重协调发展的国土空间规划背景下区域空间格局优化提供了新的思路。

以国家植物园为核心的中国特色植物园体系的建构

中国幅员辽阔,跨越6个气候带,覆盖8种主要植被类型,具有极其丰富的植物多样性和种质资源。北京和广州国家植物园建设的启动标志着我国国家植物园建设进入了实质性推进阶段,但我国现代植物园发展起步较晚,与国外植物园相比仍存在较大差距。基于对我国植物园现状问题的分析,提出了需尽快按照现有等级划分标准将植物园分为“国家-区域-城市”三级,在明确各级植物园定位与特色的基础上以“主园+卫星园”的方式对其进行合理的增设或改扩建,使三个等级植物园的功能各有侧重。同时发挥好政府的市场监管与调控功能,完善相关规范和标准,灵活引入社会资本,以“PPP”模式推动植物园形成科技成果转化闭环,共同构成以国家植物园为核心的具有中国特色和多重社会价值的植物园体系。

益阳市“三区空间”时空变化特征及其生态环境效应研究

揭示国土空间变化的规律及其生态响应是开展国土空间开发与保护的重要基础。以长江经济带重要节点城市益阳市为例,基于2000,2010和2018年三期土地利用数据构建“三区空间”(城镇空间、农业空间和生态空间)分类体系,采用转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数和生态贡献率方法分析“三区空间”时空变化特征及其生态环境效应。研究结果表明:(1)在研究期内益阳市生态空间波动减少,城镇空间持续增加,呈“核心+点状”空间扩张特征,农业空间和城镇空间补偿生态空间的趋势增加;(2)生态环境指数呈“L”型变化特征,与“三区空间”的数量变化特征基本一致,生态环境质量呈现由西南的山地、丘岗向东北平湖梯次递减的空间分异特征;(3)耕地转化成林地、水域转化为未利用地是生态环境质量改善的主导因素,生态环境退化的主导因素是林地转建设用地和林地转耕地,次要因素是耕地转建设用地。

基于BP神经网络和路径分析模型的生态园林城市——以郑州为例

生态园林城市绿化规模的预测是生态园林城市发展中的一个核心问题,其与经济指标、社会指标、环境指标存在着复杂的非线性关系。BP神经网络由于具有良好的非线性拟合性能,而被应用于各种预测领域。首先,采用文献分析法梳理出固定资产投资额、GDP等26个影响生态园林城市绿化建设的因素。其次,以2019年被命名为国家生态园林城市的郑州市为研究对象,基于BP神经网络理论训练了生态园林城市绿化规模的预测模型,并对训练集、测试集的预测值和真实值进行对比分析。最后,通过构建路径分析模型梳理出26个影响因素中复杂的因果关系,包括直接间接影响、正负反馈、路径系数等。研究发现:训练的“26-7-1”网络结构的BP神经网络能够准确预测出生态园林城市的绿化规模,进而可为生态园林城市发展中,如何科学、合理地预测适应城市发展的绿化规模提供依据;构建的路径分析模型,可以反映城市发展中各影响因素以何种方式和强度影响生态园林城市绿化建设。

Application of CITYgreen5.0 model to tender appraisement of small-scale green-space designs

Developed by the American Forests, CITYgreen5.0 model has been widely applied to urban forestry research and has played an important role in analyzing quantitatively the ecological benefits produced by varied green-space ecosystems. One of the functions of this model is to evaluate quickly and objectively on parts of the ecological benefits possibly produced by different design schemes for the same small-scale green-space project before the establishment. A comparative analysis was conducted by modeling partial ecological benefits potentially produced by green-spaces of two different design schemes for the same roof garden of Chuangfushidai-Junjingyuan in Shenzhen, given the growth status of plants both immediately after the establishment and 20 years later. Meanwhile, the project costs for each design scheme were also taken into consideration. The results showed that scheme II, mainly designed with a natural style of plant disposition, had a better greenery structure than that of scheme I, which was basically designed with a regular style of plant disposition. The estimated value of the partial ecological benefits produced by scheme II was larger than that of scheme I and the benefit-cost ratio of scheme II was more rational. It was suggested that scheme II be put into practice.

中国式花园城市:理论构建与实践路径

花园城市是生态文明潮流下营造和谐人居环境的一种理想模式,与中国本土文化和城市发展形势相结合被赋予了更丰富的内涵。中国式花园城市吸收国外花园城市建设经验,延续中华传统自然山水观意蕴,拓展现代生态都市主义理论,成为建设人与自然和谐共生现代化的重要载体。其特性包括系统性、人民性、人文性、生态性、强韧性等。在具体构成上以城市要件、环境要件和连通要件为支撑,涵盖微观花园要素、中观花园场景、宏观花园体系三个层次。实践方面可在景观设计上建设开敞花园空间、在空间形态上打造全域花园体系、在功能设置上营造多元花园场景、在治理方式上共享多重花园红利。

基于城市更新的中国式花园城市建设研究

花园城市是当下营造和谐人居环境的一种理想城市模式,中国式花园城市在吸收国外建设经验的基础上,延续了中华传统的自然美学思想,是推动生态文明建设和城市高质量发展的重要载体。本文详细阐述了花园城市的概念,提出了中国式花园城市建设的宜居性、生态性、人文性的基本要求,总结了三大项目体系和相应的内涵,以期为我国花园城市建设提供思考和借鉴。

国家植物园助力生物多样性保护的途径与方法

【目的】国家植物园是在国家层面开展植物迁地保护的机构,承担着中国植物多样性保护的重任。以中国首个国家植物园为例,论述了其在植物多样性保护方面的工作,旨在为中国国家植物园体系建设提供参考和借鉴。【分析】介绍了生物多样性概念的由来,中国生物多样性概况、现存问题及生物多样性保护的意义。分析了国内外植物园对生物多样性保护的贡献,探讨了国家植物园可以在国家层面,通过物种收集、科学研究、国际合作以及科普教育4个主要途径在中国乃至世界生物多样性保护中发挥更重要的作用。同时指出随着中国国家植物园体系的建设,植物园在生物多样性保护方面的作用将更加凸显。【展望】在生态文明背景下,对国家植物园的责任、使命与工作方向进行了展望,指出国家植物园今后应加强在生物多样性编目和物种监测、迁地栽培植物的保护评估、物种濒危原因和生存策略研究、生物多样性与生态功能关系、气候变化对植物适应性进化的影响以及外来入侵物种监测与防治等方面工作,同时应与以就地保护为主要功能的自然保护地体系紧密合作,完善中国生物多样性保护安全体系,为生态文明建设与可持续发展提供坚强保障。

农业农村空间生态修复质量测算方法研究——以辽宁省凤城市为实证

文章在探讨当前国土空间生态修复内涵与进展的基础上,参考文献计量分析与政策分析结果,结合土地碳汇模型,构建了基于“比重法-均方差法”的农业农村空间生态修复质量测算方法,包括庭院空间生态、生态农业空间质量、农村空间生态改建、农业空间生态恢复4个维度、19项具体指标,并以辽宁省凤城市为实证对象,对该测算方法的有效性进行检验。基于实证分析做出的问题识别,提出凤城市农业农村空间生态修复的对策:(1)庭院空间生态保护修复:开展全域土地综合整治,实施农用地、建设用地整理等;(2)生态农业空间质量保护修复:实施野生动植物种群保护恢复、生物多样性保护、人工商品林建设等;(3)农村空间生态改建修复:实施生态基础和生态网络建设,提升农村生态系统质量和稳定性;(4)农业空间生态恢复修复:大力实施“固碳工程”,推进碳汇交易,探索拓展场外交易渠道。

Reviewed Interpretations and Inspirations on the Development and Strategies of Garden City Theory in Singapore

Reconceptualising the construction of Garden Cities in Singapore from the perspective of the history of urban development and urbanization,in conjunction with the development and trends of vertical greening systems.To summarise the principles of development in modern ecosystems in the context of rapid urbanisation and high population density trends:1.Long-term planning and adherence to ecological principles are required for urban construction and development.2.Urban development should insist on controlling and guiding the urbanisation process.3.Strong executive and coordination capacity of the government is an essential force for the development of new cities.4.The cultivation of urban culture is required to be initiated by the government to promote social consensus and directing the power of the public.5.Respond to the trend of the times and make flexible use of science and technology(vertical ecosystems)to solve urban problems.