Study on Safeguard System of Eco-tourism Compensation of Hukou Section during Ecological Water-control Project of Poyang Lake

Through analysis on the background to develop eco-tourism and necessity for ecological compensation,based on specific condition of Hukou County,in line with the situation to develop eco-tourism during ecological water control project of Poyang Lake,residents' interest protection system and ecological benefit safeguard system for eco-tourism compensation were put forward.

A Study on Cost Control of Agricultural Water Conservancy Projects Based on Activity-based Costing

Based on the theory of activity-based costing and the idea of value chain,activity optimization and cost control are carried out on the whole construction process of agricultural water conservancy projects. Through the use of literature review,case analysis and statistical analysis and other methods,with agricultural water conservancy projects as the research object,and comparing activity-based costing with the traditional model of cost accounting,the writer carries out the corresponding value chain analysis,and comes to the following conclusion: the statistical calculation and analysis of the entire construction process based on activity-based costing can accurately and effectively control the costs of water conservancy projects. Through the use of activity-based costing,the cost data of agricultural water conservancy projects is more detailed and accurate,and cost management personnel can also find non-value-added activities,optimize the enterprise's value chain and achieve cost control objectives through the analysis of the activity chain and value chain of agricultural water conservancy projects.

水电工程蓄水安全鉴定中工程防洪应注意的问题

水电工程蓄水安全鉴定工作是水电工程下闸蓄水前必须进行的一项重要工作。工程防洪作为蓄水安全鉴定中的重要组成部分,肩负着保障水电工程和上下游人民生命财产安全、兼顾各方利益的重要责任。收集准确可靠的基础资料、制订科学合理的蓄水方案和度汛方案是工程防洪的重要内容。

Site Selection of Waste Slag Yard and Design of Protective Measures in Water Supply Project of Drawing from the Songhua River in Central Cities of Jilin

Water supply project of drawing from the Songhua River in central cities of Jilin is taken as research object.On the basis of analyzing project characteristics and natural conditions of the project area,site selection of waste slag yard of water diversion project and design of water and soil conservation measures are discussed.Rationality of site selection of waste slag yard and pertinence of prevention and control measures of water and soil loss in waste slag yard are analyzed,and comprehensive utilization of waste slag in large-scale production and construction projects is explored.

浅谈面板堆石坝面板混凝土的质量控制

九甸峡水利枢纽混凝土面板堆石坝地处高寒峡谷地区、覆盖层较深、地震设防烈度高、风速较大,自然条件对面板的施工极为不利。通过把面板混凝土质量控制分解为内在质量控制和外在质量控制两个方面,针对工程特点和难点细化了控制目标,对施工关键工序提出了控制要求。面板浇筑完成后进行检查,没有发现结构性裂缝,库水位最高蓄至2 201.0 m(距正常蓄水位1.0 m),面板未发现裂缝,运行良好。

九甸峡工程建设对下游梯级电站的影响分析

通过对甘肃电投九甸峡水电开发有限责任公司负责开发和经营的洮河流域段九甸峡～三甲水电站发电量的分析,得出九甸峡水利枢纽建成后,下游梯级电站年发电量增加2.27%,引洮工程一、二期引水后,对下游电站发电量减少起到补偿作用;对入库洪水进行调节后,能够对下游电站起到滞洪和消减洪峰的作用。

水利水电工程施工安全管理与安全控制

针对事故隐患,论述了事故隐患与危险源关系,指出了事故隐患形成原因,并提出了排查事故隐患与治理整改方案、防范及控制措施,以供水利水电工程安全管理借鉴。

Floodwater utilization of the Three Gorges Project

Floods are both risks and resources. Floodwater utilization is an important part of flood management. Considering the rising shortage of water resources, serious water pollution, and undersupply of electric power, it’s imperative to strengthen flood management. In light of the hydrological characteristics of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) on the Yangtze River in P. R. China, we investigated the necessity and feasibility of TGP floodwater utilization, proprosed dynamic control of limited water level during flood season of the reservoir and basin-wide integrated floodwater management as strategies, and identified problems that might occur in practice.

Assessment of dam impacts on river flow regimes and water quality:a case study of the Huai River Basin in P.R.China

The Huai River Basin is a unique area in P.R.China with the highest densities of population and water projects.It is also subject to the most serious water pollution.We proposed a distributional SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model coupled with a water quality-quantity balance model to evaluate dam impacts on river flow regimes and water quality in the middle and upper reaches of the Huai River Basin.We calibrated and validated the SWAT model with data from 29 selected cross-sections in four typical years(1971,1981,1991 and 1999) and used scenario analysis to compensate for the unavailability of historical data regarding uninterrupted river flows before dam and floodgate construction,a problem of prediction for ungauged basins.The results indicate that dam and floodgate operations tended to reduce runoff,decrease peak value and shift peaking time.The contribution of water projects to river water quality deterioration in the concerned river system was between 0 to 40%,while pollutant discharge contributed to 60% to 100% of the water pollution.Pollution control should therefore be the key to the water quality rehabilitation in the Huai River Basin.

软土超大面积基坑群工程安全与环境控制设计与实践

软土地区超大面积基坑群工程安全和环境影响控制问题突出,成为城市建设中的难题。以上海地区规模最大、最复杂的基坑群工程之一的西岸传媒港与上海梦中心项目为背景,基坑支护设计跳出传统的构件设计框架,从总体与细节上对基坑群工程进行整体把控。在综合考虑不同地块的开发进度需求、多地块叠加作用下敏感环境保护等问题的基础上,合理化基坑分区与实施流程。提出了复杂多约束条件下基坑群支护体系设计和以运营地铁为保护对象的敏感环境变形控制成套技术,以及安全与经济并举的基坑群承压水控制对策。上述措施解决了软土地区超大面积基坑群工程一系列技术难题,确保了基坑施工过程中周边环境安全,同时兼顾了工期需求。

南水北调中线工程节制闸间距研究

节制闸间距的选取影响到工程投资的多少与能否安全运行的问题 .本文以南水北调中线工程初步设计参数为依据 ,从调度的灵活性 ,事故处理时间 ,闸门、渠道的安全超高、水头损失与最低流速及节制闸工程造价等 5个方面讨论了中线干渠节制闸间距长短的优缺点 .通过各种因素的综合分析 ,认为节制闸间距取2 0～ 3

水利枢纽工程功能设计中有关风险分析体系的建立

在大坝结构的型体设计中,针对水利水电枢纽工程在防洪中的作用及其所面临的洪水风险问题,建立了坝体结构基于功能的优化设计理论。在该理论中,结合水利结构的特殊性,建立了与洪水时空关系相联系的枢纽洪水分析体系,来评定枢纽结构可能遇到的洪水风险损失,同时还参照水利结构设计规范设定了该体系各个组成部分风险的评价标准。

档案数据治理规范化探索——以南水北调东中线一期工程总体竣工验收为例

本文依据国家法规和相关行业有关规程、规范和技术标准,在充分了解南水北调东中线一期工程档案管理、设计单元工程档案检查评定与专项验收等情况的基础上,从档案数据治理角度入手,对南水北调东中线一期工程竣工验收阶段档案专项验收的重点、难点及重要节点控制措施进行研究,以期为实践工作提供参考。

水利工程生态保护的法律调控机制探讨

水利工程生态保护应当立足于保护生态系统的动态平衡和良性循环,坚持预防为主、全过程控制的原则。尽管目前我国水利工程生态保护的法律调控机制已经初步建立,但还存在一定问题,应加强以环境影响评价制度为核心的综合调控制度建设。

武宣县高达水库枢纽工程土石方平衡分析

土石方平衡是生产建设项目的重要环节,关系到料场及弃渣场的选择,直接影响工程投资。以广西武宣县高达水库枢纽工程为例,分析了土石方挖填量的计算、临时堆土场的规划、料场选择和弃渣的综合利用等内容,并对各方案进行了评价。评价结果显示,该工程的土石方调配方案以及水土流失防治措施在保证工程顺利建设的前提下,还具有良好的经济效益和生态效益。

长距离调水工程安全风险综合评估

以某跨流域、跨多省市的长距离调水工程为例,分析工程安全面临的各类风险事件,确定两座节制闸之间的运行调度渠段为风险评估单元,发展基于层次分析法的风险综合评估模型;以一梁式输水渡槽为例,阐释建筑物风险因子识别、风险事件分析和风险等级标准划分的方法,描述风险评估过程;以该渡槽所在的运行调度渠段为评估单元,采用层次分析法进行风险综合评估;在此基础上,对其余运行调度渠段进行风险综合评估,讨论造成较大风险的主要原因。结果表明:提出的方法辨识出了较大风险的运行调度渠段,造成运行调度渠段工程安全风险综合评估结果为较大风险的因素可归结为左岸水库溃坝或超调水工程防洪标准泄洪导致的风险、交叉河道过流能力不足风险以及左排下游通道排水不畅风险等,进而有针对性地提出了风险管控措施。研究结果可为类似长距离调水工程安全风险综合评估和管控提供参考。

水利工程白蚁防治研究进展

白蚁是一种主要的害堤动物,一直是水利工程安全运行的重大隐患,经济社会的发展和复杂环境的变化对白蚁防治提出了更高的要求。梳理了水利工程白蚁防治中预防、探查、处置三个环节的研究进展,阐述了白蚁防治关键技术的基本原理、适用场景及应用效果;回顾了白蚁监测预警技术的发展过程,介绍了技术原理、系统架构和功能实现;总结了白蚁综合防治技术的实践及探索,探讨了现阶段白蚁防治技术的适用性和局限性。在此基础上提出了对白蚁习性规律、白蚁蚁巢精准探测、白蚁智能监控预警、堤坝动物危害风险评估、白蚁防治综合治理及体制机制建设等研究方向的思考,为促进白蚁防治更加精准高效、绿色智能提供借鉴。

Key techniques for evaluation of safety monitoring sensors in water conservancy and hydropower engineering

For the evaluation of construction quality and the verification of the design of water conservancy and hydropower engineering projects, and especially for the control of dam safety operation behavior, safety monitoring sensors are employed in a majority of engineering projects. These sensors are used to monitor the project during the dam construction and operation periods, and play an important role in reservoir safety operation and producing benefits. With the changing of operating environments and run-time of projects, there are some factors affecting the operation and management of projects, such as a certain amount of damaged sensors and instability of the measured data. Therefore, it is urgent to evaluate existing safety monitoring sensors in water conservancy and hydropower engineering projects. However, there are neither standards nor evaluation guidelines at present. Based on engineering practice, this study examined some key techniques for the evaluation of safety monitoring sensors, including the evaluation process of the safety monitoring system, on-site detection methods of two typical pieces of equipment, the differential resistor sensor and vibrating wire sensor, the on-site detection methods of communication cable faults, and a validity test of the sensor measured data. These key techniques were applied in the Xiaolangdi Water Control Project and Xiaoxi Hydropower Project. The results show that the measured data of a majority of sensors are reliable and reasonable, and can reasonably reflect the structural change behavior in the project operating process, indicating that the availabilities of the safety monitoring sensors of the two projects are high

沼气工程对畜禽粪便污染环境成本的控制效果

沼气工程是治理畜禽粪便污染的主要方法,可提供清洁能源,减少温室气体排放,减轻环境污染,具有良好的环境效益。本研究以湖南省洞庭湖区为例,利用《气候变化框架公约》清洁机制执行理事会批准的方法(ACM0010)和环境成本估算方法,分析了沼气工程对畜禽粪便污染的环境成本的控制潜力。结果表明,在湖南省洞庭湖区的畜禽粪便均采用沼气项目进行污染治理条件下,年出栏5 000头以上的生猪规模养殖场均进行沼气发电,其他畜禽养殖场的沼气全部用于畜禽养殖场及周边居民的供热和照明使用,则2006年可减排温室气体2 891 614 t CO2当量,减少温室气体排放环境成本为4.52亿元;同时,可减排水体污染、土壤污染、微生物污染控制的环境成本分别为4.56亿元、1.69亿元、5.32亿元。因此,要支持和鼓励养殖户利用沼气工程处理畜禽粪便,实现畜禽粪便污染治理环境效益、经济效益和社会效益的有机统一。

引调水工程受水区水污染防治关键技术研究

建立科学、合理、可行的引调水工程受水区水污染防治关键技术体系对解决引调水工程受水区水污染防治问题至关重要。以环北部湾广东水资源配置工程受水区为例,在统筹考虑受水区河流水系分布、水环境现状、水污染防治形势等因素的基础上,以控制单元为抓手,以水功能区水质达标与污染物入河总量可控为底线,以污染防治措施为手段,以“天空地一体化”水环境监测体系和水环境风险应急处置系统为保障,通过科学核算控制单元水域纳污能力,合理制定污染物排放控制总量方案,建立了“抓手+底线+方法+手段+保障”五位一体的引调水工程受水区水污染防治关键技术体系。结果表明:该技术体系科学、合理,具备较强的指导性和可操作性,通过抓手、底线、方法、手段、保障等5项关键技术的应用,可有效解决引调水工程受水区的水污染问题,实现“增水不增污”的目标。在全面落实170项水污染防治规划措施、完善水环境风险应急处置系统的基础上,环北部湾广东水资源配置工程建成通水后,2035年工程受水区废污水入河量虽较现状增加了183.22%,但污染物COD、氨氮、总磷入河量较现状均有减少,减幅分别为13.2%,61.7%,77.5%。研究成果可从关键技术体系的视角为管理决策者提供指导,可为引调水工程受水区水污染防治工作提供参考。