Lavinia Fontana’s Prudence:A Personification of Wisdom

The first section of this essay deals with an iconographical analysis of Lavinia Fontana’s(1552-1614)Prudence or Personification of Wisdom of 1590,while the second part provides an iconological interpretation,demonstrating Fontana’s application of emblematic significations.This painting is presently on display at the Galerie Maison d’Art in Monte Carlo.At this time there is lack of knowledge about the patronage of this commission,except from the art gallery’s records showing that it acquired the painting from a private collection in New York.

Investigation of the nutritional and functional roles of a combinational use of xylanase and β-glucanase on intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs

Background Xylanase andβ-glucanase combination(XG)hydrolyzes soluble non-starch polysaccharides that are anti-nutritional compounds.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of XG on intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs.Methods Forty pigs(6.5±0.4 kg)were assigned to 5 dietary treatments and fed for 35 d in 3 phases(11,9,and 15 d,respectively).Basal diets mainly included corn,soybean meal,and corn distiller's dried grains with solubles,contained phytase(750 FTU/kg),and were supplemented with 5 levels of XG at(1)0,(2)280 TXU/kg xylanase and 125 TGU/kgβ-glucanase,(3)560 and 250,(4)840 and 375,or(5)1,120 and 500,respectively.Growth performance was measured.On d 35,all pigs were euthanized and jejunal mucosa,jejunal digesta,jejunal tissues,and ileal digesta were collected to determine the effects of increasing XG levels and XG intake on intestinal health.Results Increasing XG intake tended to quadratically decrease(P=0.059)viscosity of jejunal digesta(min:1.74 m Pa·s at 751/335(TXU/TGU)/kg).Increasing levels of XG quadratically decreased(P<0.05)Prevotellaceae(min:0.6%at 630/281(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal mucosa.Increasing XG intake quadratically increased(P<0.05)Lactobacillaceae(max:40.3%at 608/271(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal mucosa.Increasing XG intake quadratically decreased(P<0.05)Helicobacteraceae(min:1.6%at 560/250(TXU/TGU)/kg)in the jejunal mucosa.Increasing levels of XG tended to linearly decrease(P=0.073)jejunal Ig G and tended to quadratically increase(P=0.085)jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio(max:2.62 at 560/250(TXU/TGU)/kg).Increasing XG intake tended to linearly increase the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter(P=0.087)and ether extract(P=0.065).Increasing XG intake linearly increased(P<0.05)average daily gain.Conclusions A combinational use of xylanase andβ-glucanase would hydrolyze the non-starch polysaccharides fractions,positively modulating the jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota.Increased intake of these enzyme combination possibly reduced digesta viscosity and humoral immune response in the jejunum resulting in improved intestinal structure,and ileal digestibility of nutrients,and finally improving growth of nursery pigs.The beneficial effects were maximized at a combination of 550 to 800 TXU/kg xylanase and 250 to 360 TGU/kgβ-glucanase.

Simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems： Some Research Areas-Computational Understanding, Awareness, and Wisdom

After a brief emphasis about the interconnected world, including Cyber-Physical Systems of Systems, the increasing importance of the decision-making by autonomous, quasi-autonomous, and autonomic systems is emphasised. Promising roles of computational understanding, computational awareness, and computational wisdom for better autonomous decision-making are outlined. The contributions of simulation-based approaches are listed.

Contributing More Chinese Wisdom to the Belt and Road Initiative:Exploration and Practice of the China Region Development & Reform Institute

As the"Belt and Road"is gaining ground with higher quality,China’s think tanks have played a unique role in facilitating policy communication,enhancing people-to-people connectivity and promoting practical cooperation,and have contributed a lot of"Chinese wisdom"to the development of BRI.

传统诚信与智慧及其教育问题

在传统的意义上,诚信是本体论、认识论与实践论相统一的范畴,包含深刻的智慧特质,将其仅仅视作道德规范和行为准则偏离了它的历史本义,这是今人在进行传统诚信教育时首先应当注意的。市场经济既是“法制经济”,也是“道德经济”,在推进社会主义市场经济的历史条件下进行诚信教育,必须把诚信教育与智慧教育统一起来,引导人们既做“诚信人”又做“聪明人”。为此,需要改变“纯粹伦理思维方式”。

Heideggerian Thought in the Light of Iranian-Islamic Wisdom

A prominent Iranian philosopher Ahmad Fardid considered the influential German philosopher Martin Heidegger as“the only Western philosopher who understood the world and the only philosopher whose insights were congruent with the principles of the Islamic Republic”.The report aimed to present Fardid’s interpretation of Heidegger in the light of Iranian-Islamic wisdom.Iranian philosopher believes that Heidegger’s thought responds to the most important intellectual crisis of the West civilization that is nihilism and to reach the possibility of an“other beginning”of thinking that he calls“No-longer-metaphysical-thought”.Considering these two fundamental features,Fardid founds powerful religious-spiritual tendencies in Heidegger’s thinking.

连作Ⅰ-107杨树无性系苗圃地的土壤酶活性特征

为给苗圃地经营和防止地力衰退提供理论依据,以Ⅰ107杨树无性系为试材,研究苗圃地连作育苗对土壤酶活性的影响,并分析土壤酶之间、土壤酶与土壤养分和土壤微生物之间的相关关系。研究结果表明:随着育苗代数的增加,苗圃地土壤酶活性除多酚氧化酶外均呈现出下降趋势,在垂直土壤剖面上,脲酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性均随着土层的加深而降低,多酚氧化酶活性则表现出先增加后减小的趋势。除多酚氧化酶之外,其余3种酶活性之间均呈正相关关系,多酚氧化酶与其他3种酶之间则呈负相关。苗圃地土壤中的有机质、土壤速效N、P、K和微量元素Cu的含量,也随着育苗代数的增加而降低。连作苗圃地土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性,与土壤基础肥力有机质、速效N、P、K的相关性,均达到显著或极显著的水平,脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性与微量元素Cu的相关性,也达到显著水平,多酚氧化酶活性与土壤各营养元素含量,呈负相关。随着育苗代数的增加,表层(0～20cm)土壤中各类微生物的数量均呈下降趋势,并且脲酶与放线菌、过氧化氢酶与细菌、放线菌、微生物总量、过氧化物酶与真菌之间的相关性达显著水平,过氧化氢酶与真菌、过氧化物酶与细菌、微生物总量之间的相关性达极显著水平,多酚氧化酶与各类微生物数量之间是负相关关系。

Evaluation of the local inflammatory stress response and pain mediator secretion after impacted wisdom tooth extraction with high-speed turbine drill combined with original luxator

Objective: To study the local inflammatory stress response and pain mediator secretion after impacted wisdom tooth extraction with high-speed turbine drill combined with original luxator. Methods: Patients who received impacted wisdom tooth extraction in the First People's Hospital ofYunnan Province between March 2014 and June 2017 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group who accepted impacted wisdom tooth extraction with high-speed turbine drill combined with original luxator and the control group who accepted impacted wisdom tooth extraction with traditional chisel. The contents of inflammatory mediators, stress mediators and pain mediators in gingival crevicular fluid were measured before surgery and 3 days after surgery. Results: Three days after surgery, PTX3, ICAM1, MPO, PGE2, PPARγ, ROS, MDA, 5-HT, CGRP, SP, Gal and ATP contents in gingival crevicular fluid of both groups were higher than those before surgery whereas GPx and T-AOC contents were significantly lower than those before surgery, and PTX3, ICAM1, MPO, PGE2, PPARγ, ROS, MDA, 5-HT, CGRP, SP, Gal and ATP contents in gingival crevicular fluid of observation group were lower than those of control group whereas GPx and T-AOC contents were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusions: The impacted wisdom tooth extraction with high-speed turbine drill combined with original luxator can reduce the local inflammatory stress response and inhibit the secretion of pain mediators.

EFFECTS OF SEEDING DENSITY AND BASIC MANURE ON THE GROWTH OF DRY NURSERY SEEDLINGS IN LATE DOUBLE CROPPING RICE IN SOUTH CHINA

During the period of dry nursery seedling raising of late double cropping indica rice in South China, both chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure did not show obvious effect on the growth of shoot and root in young seedlings at 4-leaf stage （18-day-old seedling）, but had significant effects on root growth in old seedlings with 6-7 leaves （27-day-old seedling） at suitable seeding densities (65-125g m-2). There were satistically significant differences （at 0.01 or 0.05 levels）between treatments in root number and rooting ability of root-pruned seedlings.

Impact of Rice Nursery Nutrient Management, Seeding Density and Seedling Age on Yield and Yield Attributes

To help farmers in the mid hills of Nepal improve their crop management and rice yields, we conducted a study testing different nursery management options and their effect on grain yield and yield components under rainfed conditions. The experiment was conducted in a farmer’s field during the cropping season 2009 and 2010 at Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal, using a 3-factor factorial RCB design with 3 replications. The three management factors tested were 1) fertilizer management in the nursery, 2) seeding density, and 3) seedling age at transplanting, using the rainfed lowland rice variety Radha-4. There were eight treatment combinations, consisting of two levels of fertilization (0 and 20:20:0:13 kg NPKS ha-1 at 15 DAS), two levels of seeding density (607 and 303 g·m-2) and two seedling ages (20 and 40 days old). Two years’ results showed that top-dressed fertilizer in the nursery had no consistent effect on grain yield. However, lower seeding density (303 g·m-2) resulted in taller plants, more productive tillers m-2, less sterility and higher grain yield. In addition, older seedlings (40 days) produced taller plants, more productive tillers, more filled grains, and a higher grain and straw yield. The interaction analysis between both factors indicated that 40 days old seedling with a low seeding density produced the highest grain yield, both in the drought season 2009 and the high-yielding season 2010. The economic analysis confirmed that the treatment with low seeding density and 40 days old seedlings produced by far the highest net returns and B:C ratio in both seasons, independent of the fertilizer treatment. The combination of these two management components is therefore economically viable and profitable, and can be recommended to farmers. However, the results need to be confirmed for other varieties used by farmers in the region.

Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post‑weaning period

Background Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare chal-lenges.These challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous counterparts.Little is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig microbiomes.Therefore,the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic post-weaning.At weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a standard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post-weaning(P<0.01),with differences in community composition observed at d 21(R^(2)=0.03,P=0.04).When analyzing the effects of maternal parity within each treatment,only the Preb diet triggered significant microbiome distinc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu group.Conclusions Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance when combined with pharmacological levels of Zn and Cu or for offspring of different maternal parity groups.These results indicate that the development of nursery pig gut microbiomes is shaped by maternal parity and potential interactions with the effects of dietary feed additives.

Addition of tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ)to maize oil reduces lipid oxidation but does not prevent reductions in serum vitamin E in nursery pigs

Background: Maize oil is abundantly used in foods and feeds and is highly susceptible to oxidation. Consequently,commercially available antioxidants should be evaluated for effectiveness against lipid oxidation in swine diets. Our study was conducted to evaluate growth performance of nursery pigs fed oxidized maize oil and to determine effects of using antioxidants on oxidative status in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Two hundred eight weaned pigs were blocked by initial BW into 13 blocks, resulting in 4 pigs per pen and 13 pens per treatment. Dietary treatments included 6% unoxidized or oxidized maize oil, and 0 or 60 mg/kg of tert-butylhydroquinone(TBHQ), which was added after lipid oxidation. Data for growth performance were collected from 5 time periods of a two-phase feeding program(Phase 1 = d 0 to 12 and Phase 2 = d 13 to 34). Serum and liver samples were collected from one pig per pen, which had initial BW closest to average BW to determine oxidative status on d 34.Results: Oxidized maize oil was heated for 12 h at 185 °C with 12 L/min of air, yielding a peroxide value(PV) of 5.98 m Eq O2/kg and TBARS of 0.11 mg MDA eq/g. Addition of TBHQ to diets containing oxidized maize oil decreased PV by 37% and increased the oil stability index by 69%. Final BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F of pigs were not different among the four dietary treatments. However, pigs fed oxidized maize oil tended(P < 0.08) to increase hepatosomatic index by 5% compared with those fed unoxidized oil, and this was not affected by adding TBHQ.The serum vitamin E concentration of pigs fed oxidized maize oil was less(P < 0.03) than pigs fed unoxidized oil,but this reduction was not reversed by adding TBHQ. Finally, the serum and liver selenium concentration were not different among the treatments.Conclusions: The addition of TBHQ did not affect growth performance and vitamin E status in pigs fed moderately oxidized maize oil, but TBHQ reduced lipid oxidation, enhanced the oil stability, and appeared to reduce oxidative stress.

法官的审判理念与实践

法官在审判活动中既需要把握体现在法律规则和司法制度中的理念,又需要通过自己的理念进行事实判断和法律解释。法官之所以有智慧,并不是因为他有理性,可以掌握一些法律的原理并根据这些原理处置他们的纠纷案件,而是因为法官能依据情景的可能性并能根据这种案件的实际状况来采取措施。一名称职的职业法官不应再限于法律知识学习,他要的是用智慧去追求法律整体的逻辑一贯性和条文之间的关联性,注重对规范合理性涵义的推敲与综合操作,留心于确认法条背后的共同原则和指导原理。

Wisdom and Geology, the North German Basin, and the Significance of Thrown Dices

For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority of cases still true today, but based on hundreds of years of (geo-) scientific work some older thoughts can now be readjusted by combining newer geological, environmental, historical and philosophical clues. Facts about the development of the North German Basin are used to demonstrate the variability of geological systems and how these can be described by taking dice as a metaphor for ruling geological parameters. This includes all kinds of plate tectonically controlled basin forming processes, especially metamorphism of the lower crust due to a fixed mantle plume, basin filling processes with their galactic and lunar overprints, basin modifying tectonics due to internal (halokinesis, inversion) or external forces (one-sided loads at the surface due to mighty Delta sediments or glacial ice sheets) and geochemical reactions as a result of pressure and temperature changes in course of subsidence. Especially, the Rotliegend (Lower Permian) Gas Play is one of the possible illustrations of the entity of the North German Basin with its more than 70 - 90 independent parameters belonging to a global set of very complex hydrocarbon systems. Processes on Earth like the formation of systems of hydrocarbon fields as well as environmental systems (e.g. river systems, lakes, islands, sedimentary basins) are subordinated to the dices of nature and are steered invisibly by a selection of rules of the game that one understands as natural laws. The facts and remaining uncertainties as well as problems with subsurface-related processes (e.g. manmade tectonics, subsidence and uplift) guide the thoughts of engaged individuals on how to proceed wisely with limited predictability of challenges and dangers of a subsurface system. This work will be a trial to associate once more the natural sciences (geology) and the humanities (philosophy) for the benefit of both.

人工智能时代的教师行动:立场、特质及品格

在人工智能技术加持的全新场域中,教师作为教育实践活动的行动者,其在生存境况中确立行动立场、在“何以为师”中叩问行动特质、在主体复归中彰显行动品格是教师安身立命的关键所在。人工智能时代的教师具有三种基本存在境况:以谋生为功用的劳动,以技术为职能的工作和以生命为取向的行动。其中,只有行动才能使教师回应时代诉求,展现其存在的独特性、现实性和生命力。人工智能作为教师的一种行动视域,其行动特质需要在“教师是谁”“谁是教师”“何以为师”中叩问并得以廓清,其行动路向也逐渐明晰。教师行动作为人工智能对教师提出的时代命题,更需要教师在理性自觉、转识成智和生命品性中彰显其行动品格。

On the Wisdoms of Human Life Embodied in Robert Frost's Poems-A Brief Analysis of Motifs of Robert Frost's Poems

Robert Frost is one of the famous poets of the 20th century American literature who won the Pulitzer Prize for four times. The reason for his popularity is partially because he employs traditional verse form and iambic pentameter pattern in poem writing, but the most important reason for the reputation of his poems lies in the thematic concern of something universal, such as death and life, love and hate, war and peace, the good and the evil, the wisdom of human life and etc. . A brief analysis will be given in the following text about the wisdoms of human life embodied in Robert Frost's poems from three aspects: 1. Relaxation and responsibility of man. 2. The decisions in life.

EFFECTS OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT ON DRY NURSERY SEEDLING QUALITY OF LATE DOUBLE CROPPING RICE IN SOUTH CHINA

In the present paper, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil moisture content on dry nursery seedling quality in Guangzhou in 1995. Through comparing the difference of dry nursery seedlings and wet nursery seedlings, we found a close relationship between soil moisture content and seedling growth. The seedling emergence of dry nursery seedling was more even, tidy and faster, and the survival rate was higher than that of wet nursery seedling. Dry nursery seedlings had small plant stature, slow leaf stretching speed and low individual seedling dry weight, but had high dry/fresh weight ratio. This was abeneficial factor for seedlings to recover from transplanting shock more quickly. As com-pared with the wet nursery seedlings, dry nursery seedlings had poor rooting ability,but had more vigorous white roots and fewer rust roots. It was the possibly important reasonfor dry nursery seedlings to form strong“explosive force”.

李宜瑞辨治注意缺陷多动障碍经验

注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童时期常见的以注意力不集中、多动和冲动为特征的精神-心理-行为障碍疾病之一。李宜瑞教授认为,本病系脏腑阴阳失调所致,心脾肾不足乃病机之本,常兼肝亢、痰湿等标证。临证时宜审慎辨证,用药以四君子汤为基础方,重视健脾,合用龙骨、首乌藤、白芍、石菖蒲、远志、益智、合欢皮、连翘等以增智养神、祛痰开窍,心脾肾同治;同时根据伴随症状进行加减用药,标本兼顾,以调和脏腑阴阳,从而改善注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的注意力、记忆力。

Comparative effects of soy protein concentrate,enzyme‑treated soybean meal,and fermented soybean meal replacing animal protein supplements in feeds on growth performance and intestinal health of nursery pigs

Background Soy protein supplements,with high crude protein and less antinutritional factors,are produced from soybean meal by different processes.This study evaluated the comparative effects of various soy protein supplements replacing animal protein supplements in feeds on the intestinal immune status,intestinal oxidative stress,mucosaassociated microbiota,and growth performance of nursery pigs.Methods Sixty nursery pigs(6.6±0.5 kg BW)were allotted to five treatments in a randomized complete block design with initial BW and sex as blocks.Pigs were fed for 39 d in 3 phases(P1,P2,and P3).Treatments were:Control(CON),basal diet with fish meal 4%,2%,and 1%,poultry meal 10%,8%,and 4%,and blood plasma 4%,2%,and 1%for P1,P2,and P3,respectively;basal diet with soy protein concentrate(SPC),enzyme-treated soybean meal(ESB),fermented soybean meal with Lactobacillus(FSBL),and fermented soybean meal with Bacillus(FSBB),replacing 1/3,2/3,and 3/3 of animal protein supplements for P1,P2,and P3,respectively.Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4.Results The SPC did not affect the BW,ADG,and G:F,whereas it tended to reduce(P=0.094)the ADFI and tended to increase(P=0.091)crypt cell proliferation.The ESM did not affect BW,ADG,ADFI,and G:F,whereas tended to decrease(P=0.098)protein carbonyl in jejunal mucosa.The FSBL decreased(P<0.05)BW and ADG,increased(P<0.05)TNF-α,and Klebsiella and tended to increase MDA(P=0.065)and IgG(P=0.089)in jejunal mucosa.The FSBB tended to increase(P=0.073)TNF-α,increased(P<0.05)Clostridium and decreased(P<0.05)Achromobacter and alpha diversity of microbiota in jejunal mucosa.Conclusions Soy protein concentrate,enzyme-treated soybean meal,and fermented soybean meal with Bacillus could reduce the use of animal protein supplements up to 33%until 7 kg body weight,up to 67%from 7 to 11 kg body weight,and entirely from 11 kg body weight without affecting the intestinal health and the growth performance of nursery pigs.Fermented soybean meal with Lactobacillus,however,increased the immune reaction and oxidative stress in the intestine consequently reducing the growth performance.

试析中国诗性智慧语境下的《镜花缘》

在理性智慧的语境下解读充满浪漫主义色彩的《镜花缘》,一方面扭曲了文本固有的鲜活灵动的审美旨趣,另一方面遮蔽了艺术思维与人类思维的血脉渊源。因此,只有把《镜花缘》放到中国诗性智慧的独特语境下,才能使文本凸显中国诗性文化特有的生命一体化的哲学维度以及女性崇拜的原型题旨。