Research on a MEMS pyrotechnic with a double-layer barrier safety and arming device

As an essential component of ammunition, pyrotechnics can control ignition with high reliability.However, due to limits of fabrication technology, traditional pyrotechnics are bulky. To achieve both functionality and miniaturization, MEMS pyrotechnics integrate initiator, safety-and-arming(S&A) device and lead charge and keep all components within a small size. MEMS S&A devices, as the core component to ensure system safety, are difficult to achieve active and rapid response to control signals with high safety and reliability. In order to overcome the difficulty, we propose the design and characterization of a MEMS pyrotechnic with a double-layer barrier S&A device. The MEMS pyrotechnic is a high-integrated device with an overall size of 13.4 × 8.5 × 5.2 mm^(3). The initiator is a Ni Cr bridge foil covered with an Al/Cu O energetic film, which can generate flame when ignited by an excitation voltage.To match the flame energy, lead styphnate is chosen in this study as the lead charge. The S&A device contains four semi-circular barriers, which are directly driven by V-shape electro-thermal actuators to gain active control of the pyrotechnics’ ignition condition with rapid response. To improve the system’s reliability, the four barriers are axisymmetrically placed in two layers, two barriers for each layer, to constitute a double-layer structure with a thickness of 100 μm. The ignition test results show that the S&A device can prevent the initiator from detonating the lead charge in safety condition. In arming condition, the lead charge will be detonated.

Accuracy and Electromagnetic Safety Evaluation of a Portable Electromagnetic Localization System for Micro Invasive Medical Devices in Vivo

Aiming at localizing the telemetric capsule for detecting gastrointestinal physiological parameters in vivo accurately,a portable alternating current(AC)electromagnetic localization system is designed.To verify the feasibility of the method,the model and construction of the localization system are detailed.And static and dynamic accuracy of the localization system are tested by experiments.Next,we compare the simulating results of the electromagnetic radiation aroused by the localization system with the electromagnetic safety standards of human(ICNIRP guidelines and IEEE standard C95.1-1991).Finally,in terms of the results of the static and dynamic experiments,conclusions are drawn that the accuracy of portable positioning system is high(less than 10 mm)enough to satisfy the localization need of the micro invasive medical devices in vivo,and there is no harm of electromagnetic radiation to human.

System for the Management of the Continuity of Use of Medical Devices in Hospitals

The Technical Services and the Medical Administration of the Hospitals of Trieste have been working for years to ensure the optimal functioning of the Surgery, Intensive Care, Diagnostics and Research Services offered to the Patients and to the University in an 800-bed hospital complex, transforming and innovating the buildings and support installations. We have dedicated special attention to the technologies necessary to guarantee the continuity of the power supply to the electromedical devices, increasingly numerous in highly specialized hospitals. We report the power of the generator sets and the UPS and our opinion that their power must be related to the overall consumption of the hospital, with a reserve margin.

Fabrication of Fuze Micro-electro-mechanical System Safety Device

Fuze micro-electro-mechanical system（MEMS） has become a popular subject in recent years.Studies have been done for the application of MEMS-based fuze safety and arm devices.The existing researches mainly focused on reducing the cost and volume of the fuze safety device.The reduction in volume allows more payload and,thus,makes small-caliber rounds more effective and the weapon system more affordable.At present,MEMS-based fuze safety devices are fabricated mainly by using deep reactive ion ething or LIGA technology,and the fabrication process research on the fuze MEMS safety device is in the exploring stage.In this paper,a new micro fabrication method of metal-based fuze MEMS safety device is presented based on ultra violet（UV）-LIGA technology.The method consists of SU-8 thick photoresist lithography process,micro electroforming process,no back plate growing process,and SU-8 photoresist sacrificial layer process.Three kinds of double-layer moveable metal devices have been fabricated on metal substrates directly with the method.Because UV-LIGA technology and no back plate growing technology are introduced,the production cycle is shortened and the cost is reduced.The smallest dimension of the devices is 40 μm,which meets the requirement of size.To evaluate the adhesion property between electroforming deposit layer and substrate qualitatively,the impact experiments have been done on the device samples.The experimental result shows that the samples are still in good condition and workable after undergoing impact pulses with 20 kg peak and 150 μs duration and completely met the requirement of strength.The presented fabrication method provides a new option for the development of MEMS fuze and is helpful for the fabrication of similar kinds of micro devices.

Safety control for powder compaction of initiating explosive device

Powder compaction is one of the most crucial processes in initiating explosive device manufacturing. The quality of powder compaction may influence the performances of product directly. Traditional powder compaction mainly makes use of manual gravitational spiral loading machine or lever loading machine. Potential accident by the strike in powder compaction of initiating explosive device could risk life, property and the environment. To prevent this risk, automatic control system and control strategy can be used to guarantee no strike in pressing process. The scope of this paper is to analyze and review the control strategy for powder compact and discuss the experimental results for the application of the proposed strategy.

Intelligent Road Safety System Based on Multi-Function Warning Device

A warming device for car driving is proposed in this paper,which includes support rods and warning plates.In this device,several display screens are insalled on one side of the warning panel.Indicator lights are set on the display screen.A waning board is mounted on the top box.Several radar detectors are mounted on one side of the top box,and the radar detectors orrespond to the display screens.Several waming lights are installed on the top box,and the waning lights orespond to sevenl radar detectors.The sliding side of the support rod cleans the unit.The change of positions of the indicator lights based on the radar detectors will be rellected on the display screens,which allows drivers to understand the situation of the road.Therefore,they can prepare for changing lanes and overtaking,and understand the position and speed of all vehicles in this road section in advance.

一种基于DeviceNet现场总线协议的安全通信层设计

以核电站数字仪控系统为背景,以提高网络通信可靠性为目的,提出一种基于Device Net现场总线协议的安全通信层协议设计.本研究通过分析国标IEC61784所提出的八种通信故障,在原协议的基础上扩展了几种安全措施,可以预防以上所有通信故障,保证整个通信系统的可靠性和安全性.本文在硬件平台MICON系统上进行了协议栈的开发和验证,实验证明这些措施能够满足该平台对可靠性及安全性的需求.

Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device

Person-borne improvised explosive devices(PBIEDs)are often used in terrorist attacks in Western countries.This study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this hazard.An explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour,including positions,velocity,and trajectory angles.These data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic analysis.In the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was computed.Based on the results presented,many practical conclusions can be drawn,for instance,regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED.

Feasibility of MRI in Patients with Non-Pacemaker/Defibrillator Metallic Devices and Abandoned Leads

Objective: To evaluate feasibility of MRI in patients with non-pacemaker (PM)/Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) metallic devices and abandoned leads. Background: Relative safety of MRI performed using specified protocol has been established in MR non-conditional PM/ICDs. With limited safety data, many non-PM/ICD metallic devices and abandoned leads continue to be a contraindication for MRI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with extra-cardiac devices, non-programmable cardiac devices, and abandoned leads, who underwent MRI (GE 1.5 Tesla, WI) at a single tertiary care center over a span of 13 years. Scan protocol was designed to maintain specific absorption rate (SAR) < 4.0 W/kg and scan time < 60 minutes. Results: The cohort comprised 127 MRI exams representing 94 patients, with 13 patients having two or more scans. The devices consisted of: 23 vagal nerve stimulators (VNS), 22 implantable loop recorders, 16 spinal stimulators, 5 peripheral nerve stimulators, 3 bladder stimulators, 2 deep brain stimulators, 1 gastric stimulator, 1 bone stimulator, 1 WATCHMAN device, 22 abandoned PM/lCD leads and 1 VNS lead. There was no immediate (peri-MRI exam) morbidity or mortality. Patients did not report any discomfort, palpitations, heating, or sensation of device migration during the exam. Local follow-up data was available in 65% (100% for thoracic imaging) with a mean of 190 ± 475 days (median 13 days). No device malfunction was reported during follow-up. Conclusions: With appropriate precautions, MRI is feasible in patients with extracardiac devices, nonprogrammable cardiac devices, and abandoned leads.

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

Electrochemical energy storage devices,such as lithium ion batteries(LIBs),supercapacitors and fuel cells,have been vigorously developed and widely researched in past decades.However,their safety issues have appealed immense attention.Gel electrolytes(GEs),with a special state in-between liquid and solid electrolytes,are considered as the most promising candidates in electrochemical energy storage because of their high safety and stability.This review summarized the recent progresses made in the application of GEs in the safety regulation of the electrochemical energy storage devices.Special attention was paid to the gel polymer electrolytes,the organic low molecule-mass GEs,as well as the fumed silica-based and siloxane-based GEs.Finally,the current challenges and future directions were proposed in terms of the development of GEs.

Study on Net Hauler Safety Device for Fishing Vessels

[Objective] To design a safety device set for fishing vessel net hauler, in order to reduce the severe potential safety hazards in offshore operation. [Method] In view of the operation and structure of net hauler on the fishing trawler, this paper investigated the existing safety protection devices and designed a new set of purely mechanical structure without changing the original structures of the vessel significantly. [Result] Using the easily-adjustable functions of the main shaft of CNC lathe, and simulating the operation performance of different hauling line speeds and testing the safety device, the results showed that the new device could protect the crew from safety accidents caused by net hauler. [Conclusion] The result provides references for the design and application of mechanical protection devices for net haulers on other fishing trawlers.

IoT-Based Wrist Band for Women Safety

In the modern world,women now have tremendous success in every field.They can play,learn,and earn as much as men.But what about safety?Do they have the same secure environment that men and boys do?The answer is“NO”.Women and girls have been subjected to numerous incidents,including acid throwing,rape,kidnapping,and harassment.It is common to read a lot of news like this in newspapers every day.These incidents make women feel unsafe in this society.Our freedom came a long time ago,but women still lack complete security in this society.All women cannot fight or shout all the time when some danger is happening to them.What can the physically challenged person and Children do?To make women feel safe,we designed“Wrist Band”using IoT for women safety.As the sensors sense information from the body,it will always update the information such as pulse,temperature,and vibration to the well-wishers through the Blynk app.

大坝安全监测技术及自动化监测仪器、系统的发展

This paper describes the development of safety monitoring technology, automatic safety monitoring devices, and monitoring systems for dams in recent 20 years in China. The principle, features and specifications of the devices and systems are introduced. The features and technical levels of the products of the same type in the world are campared.

Experiment on a Semi-Active In-Car Crib with Joint Application of Regular and Inverted Pendulum Mechanisms Using Scale Model

To reduce the collision shock and risk of injury to an infant in an in-car crib(or in a child safety bed)during a car crash,it is necessary to limit the force acting on the crib below a certain allowable value.To realize this objective,we propose a semi-active in-car crib system with the joint application of regular and inverted pendulum mechanisms.The crib is supported by arms similar to a pendulum,and the pendulum system itself is supported by arms similar to an inverted pendulum.In addition,the arm acting as a regular pendulum is joined with the arm acting as an inverted pendulum through a linking mechanism for simplicity,and the friction torque of the joint connecting the base and the latter arm is controlled using a brake mechanism,which enables the proposed in-car crib to gradually increase the deceleration of the crib and maintain it at around the target value.This system not only reduces the impulsive force but also transfers the force to the infant′s back using a spin control system,i.e.,the impulse force is made to act perpendicularly on the crib.The spin control system was developed in our previous work.The present work focuses on the acceleration control system.A semi-active control law with acceleration feedback is introduced using the sliding mode control theory.Especially,a feedback system of the crib acceleration relative to the vehicle is proposed for the high-vibrational environment.Further,a control experiment using scale model is conducted to confirm the effectiveness,and some results are reported.

光照治疗在双相障碍抑郁发作患者中应用研究进展

现有抗抑郁治疗方法对双相障碍(bipolar disorder,BD)抑郁发作期患者的疗效不甚理想。多项研究探索了光照治疗BD抑郁发作期患者的疗效,并对光疗的参数、设备和安全性等进行研究。较多meta分析和随机对照研究表明光疗能明显改善BD患者的抑郁症状,无论是低光强还是高光强的白光均有这种效果,蓝光抗抑郁疗效尚不明确。光疗起效快,最好在清晨进行,每次持续30~60 min不等,对患者最有益的光照疗程尚无定论。目前最常用的光疗设备是灯箱,光疗眼镜的安全性有待探索。如选择符合安全标准的光疗灯,BD患者光疗整体安全性较高,转躁狂或轻躁狂风险低。总之,光照治疗BD抑郁发作期患者具有较好前景,未来可开展更多的BD患者光疗研究,以期形成BD患者的光疗处方。

硅胶包埋永磁铁犬体内植入安全性的初步观察

目的观察硅胶包埋永磁铁犬体内植入的生物安全性,探讨依据指南针原理设计的排尿报警装置临床应用的安全性。方法成年雄性犬,体质量11～12kg,随机分为实验组(n=8)和对照组(n=4):实验组植入硅胶包埋的直径10mm、厚3mm的钕铁硼永磁铁,其表面磁感应强度为0.30T;对照组植入同等规格的经硅胶包埋的钕铁硼合金。将植入物固定在膀胱前壁,饲养1年,观察其生存情况及局部病理变化,对比观察术前和术后犬尿液。结果实验组8只犬中,1只术后10h死于手术并发症,另1只术后3周因肠道内铁丝被永磁铁吸住而出现肠梗阻,其他6只犬和对照组4只犬术后一般情况良好,精神、食欲及二便无明显异常,切口愈合良好,无感染发生。术后1年处死,在这10只犬中,大网膜与膀胱壁在植入物周围发生粘连,植入物周围的纤维囊壁薄,其下方的膀胱壁增厚,膀胱黏膜面正常。植入物周围组织炎症反应和纤维囊级别均为2级。术前和术后尿常规无明显异常。结论钕铁硼永磁铁经硅胶包埋后具有良好的生物安全性,值得进一步研究。

医学实验室技术装备与生物安全实践

保障实验室生物安全不仅仅是依赖实验室建筑设施和生物安全器材 ,更重要在于规范实验操作流程诸多环节及其相关技术装备的正确使用。本文试以优良微生物学技术 安全实验室技术为基础 ,讨论生物安全器材以及与引发生物危害相关器材的技术应用实践。

Experimental Simulation for Fracture of Gun Propellant Charge Bed

The simulation of compression and fracture of charge bed in chamber is one of the key problems in the study of launch safety of gun propellant charge. A new kind of experimental device that can be used for simulation is given. Its structure and operational principle are introduced. Using a semi-closed vessel as a source of compression force, the device can simulate any kind of dynamic environment in a gun propellant charge. Using the low temperature inert gas （N2） as the compression medium, the device can not only ensure that the simulation is real, but also protect the fragmentized propellant from combustion after experiment. Using the device, many simulation experiments have been accomplished, and dynamic environment of propellant fracture is acquired. With the experiments, fragmentized propellant for the compression and fracture of charge bed is obtained. Results of experiments show that the new device can be used to study the principle of the compression and fracture of charge bed.

Review of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation and related devices

A review was undertaken of the operation process and development of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)and related devices for TEAS,with the aim to offer a reference for developing an international standard for the basic safety and essential performance of the devices.The articles related to TEAS and instruction of devices for TEAS were searched using the EMBASE,MEDLINE,and Web of Science databases with the time period from inception to July 18,2023.In the absence of a parameter description of the stimulators,a multimeter was used to measure the output voltage,resistance,and current.Thirty-two related devices for TEAS were obtained.The safety parameters ofmost devices were neither clearly defined,nor standardized,and in some cases weremissing.There was a noticeable disparity in the upper safety limits of the output current among the devices.The sizes of the skin electrode pads as well as the lengths of the electrode connecting wires of most devices were not clearly indicated.Acupoints on different parts of the human body,including the upper limbs,head,auricle,chest,abdomen,trunk,and lower limbs,required different maximum tolerable current intensities and current densities.It is important to indicate comprehensive output/safety parameters and essential performance for devices for TEAS to meet the need of global distribution,achieve precise stimulation parameters at different acupoints across the human body,and allay any safety concern of national therapeutic device authorities,the regulators,manufacturers,and end users.

基于M3CFC-YOLOv7-tiny的矿工乘坐架空乘人装置违章行为识别研究

针对矿工乘坐架空乘人装置的违章行为自动识别任务存在煤矿井下轻量化设备部署、复杂环境下识别精度低、数据样本不平衡3个难题,提出了一种基于M3CFC-YOLOv7-tiny的轻量化矿工违章乘车行为智能识别算法。在向YOLOv7-tiny模型中引入MobileNetV3-Small网络用于边缘端部署;通过融合CBAM注意力机制提升对矿工行为特征的感知与表达能力;改进CIOU损失函数为Focal-CIOU平衡正负样本损失贡献;并在自建的矿工违章乘车行为数据集上进行消融实验和对比实验。结果表明:改进模型相比于原始模型参数量降低30.6%,浮点计算量降低46.9%,检测精度提升2.3%,实现模型轻量化和实时检测;对比9种目标检测模型,改进模型在多项指标上的综合性能最优且不存在漏检和错检。