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Building a Business and Strategic Intelligence Policy as a Strategy for Promoting Congolese Business Progress and Healthy Economic Development in Eastern DRC
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作者 Innocent Bora Uzima 《Intelligent Information Management》 2024年第2期77-103,共27页
The aim of this study was to verify the existence of business and strategic intelligence policies at the level of Congolese companies and at the state level, likely to foster progress and healthy development in the ea... The aim of this study was to verify the existence of business and strategic intelligence policies at the level of Congolese companies and at the state level, likely to foster progress and healthy development in the east of the DRC. The study was based on a mixed perspective consisting of objective analysis of quantitative data and interpretative analysis of qualitative data. The results showed that business and strategic intelligence policies have not been established at either company or state level, as this is an area of activity that is not known to the players in companies and public departments, and there are no units or offices in their organizational structures responsible for managing strategic information for competitiveness on the international market. In addition, there is a real need to establish strategic information management units within companies, upstream, and to set up a national strategic information management department or agency to help local companies compete in the marketplace, downstream. This reflects the importance and timeliness of building business and strategic intelligence policies to ensure economic progress and development in the eastern DRC. Business and strategic intelligence provides companies with an appropriate tool for researching, collecting, processing and disseminating information useful for decision-making among stakeholders, in order to cope with a crisis or competitive situation. The study suggests a number of key recommendations based on its findings. To the government, it is recommended to establish the national policy of business and strategic intelligence by setting up a national agency of strategic intelligence in favor of local companies;and to companies to establish business intelligence units in their organizational structures in favor of stakeholders to foster advantageous decision-making in the competitive market and achieve progress. Finally, the study suggests that studies be carried out to fully understand the opportunities and impact of business and strategic intelligence in African countries, particularly in the DRC. 展开更多
关键词 Business and Strategic Intelligence Strategic Information Congolese Companies Public Departments Decision-Making Information Management Business and Strategic Intelligence Policies PROGRESS Healthy development Mining and Agriculture Sectors International Market Eastern DRC
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Computational Strategy Research on the Development of Kiruna,in Sweden
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作者 Ruocheng Sun 《建筑工程(中英文版)》 2024年第1期9-19,共11页
In Kiruna,nearly all the residents support the migration plan in order to make LKAB able to continue the mining process.Based on current condition,a larger part of this town will be demolished by the sinking land caus... In Kiruna,nearly all the residents support the migration plan in order to make LKAB able to continue the mining process.Based on current condition,a larger part of this town will be demolished by the sinking land caused by iron ore mining processing operated by LKAB.Since then,most of the buildings in the sinking district will be relocated in another district.However,the situation in Kiruna is not quite the same as when this kind of migration happens in another place.In other place,while migration happens,even if not most,a large part of the local residents will resist and fight for their house and properties.Concentrated on the ownership of different buildings and tried find the relationship between the public and private buildings to discover some issue that will help to work on the computational urban design. 展开更多
关键词 Iron Mine ECONOMIC PUBLIC PRIVATE Property OWNERSHIP TRANSPORTATION EMPLOYMENT Economical System development History Swarm Intelligence Logic Processing
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Analysis of Innovative Paths for Enterprise Marketing Management Development Strategy under the Background of New Media
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作者 Tao Chi 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2024年第3期28-34,共7页
From the perspective of enterprise marketing strategy planning,innovative research should be conducted based on the current trends in new media.The findings should be applied to practical activities within enterprises... From the perspective of enterprise marketing strategy planning,innovative research should be conducted based on the current trends in new media.The findings should be applied to practical activities within enterprises to achieve innovation in marketing strategy decision-making in the new media environment.Enterprises should adopt advanced communication transmission technologies and big data processing capabilities to effectively leverage the hidden value and promotional planning advantages of network media platforms.This approach can enhance customer loyalty and increase demand for new products.Enterprises should integrate into the continuously evolving new media landscape,explore their potential business characteristics,and innovate promotional methods.By effectively combining product information with digital media content,companies can ultimately achieve significant increases in corporate interests. 展开更多
关键词 New media Enterprise marketing management development strategy INNOVATION
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Study on Environmental Capacity and Sustainable Development Strategy of Scenic Areas ——Taking the Scenic Area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an Example
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作者 周建东 王浩 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2009年第12期33-38,共6页
Taking the scenic area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an example, the quantitative evaluation model of environmental capacity and impact factors limiting sustainable development of scenic area were put forward, ... Taking the scenic area of Slender West Lake in Yangzhou for an example, the quantitative evaluation model of environmental capacity and impact factors limiting sustainable development of scenic area were put forward, and targeted control measures were correspondingly proposed. 展开更多
关键词 SUSTAINABLE development SCENIC area ENVIRONMENTAL capacity Slender WEST LAKE strategy
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Research on the Development Strategy of Panxi Sunshine Health and Wellness Homestays and Hotels Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Preservation
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作者 Zihui Zhao Zhengnan Wuyu +1 位作者 Sicen Liu Chuibiao Zeng 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2024年第3期114-119,共6页
This study is the first phase of research results from the student innovation project“Yunqiao Sunshine Health and Wellness Homestay”group at Chengdu Normal University.By analyzing the current state of the Sunshine H... This study is the first phase of research results from the student innovation project“Yunqiao Sunshine Health and Wellness Homestay”group at Chengdu Normal University.By analyzing the current state of the Sunshine Health and Wellness Tourism Area economy in the Panxi region of Sichuan,local policies,and the current state of Sunshine Health and Wellness homestays and hotels,this paper proposes the possibility of developing Sunshine Health and Wellness homestays and hotels through traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)health preservation methods.It also proposes development strategies for such hotels through a market survey SWOT analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Traditional Chinese medicine health preservation Sunshine Health and Wellness Tourism Area Homestays and hotels strategy
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The status and development strategy of coalbed methane industry in China 被引量:2
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作者 XU Fengyin HOU Wei +11 位作者 XIONG Xianyue XU Borui WU Peng WANG Hongya FENG Kun YUN Jian LI Shuguang ZHANG Lei YAN Xia FANG Huijun LU Qian MAO Delei 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2023年第4期765-783,共19页
To achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality under the backgrounds of poor resource endowments, weak theoretical basis and other factors, the development of the coalbed methane industry of China faces ... To achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality under the backgrounds of poor resource endowments, weak theoretical basis and other factors, the development of the coalbed methane industry of China faces many bottlenecks and challenges. This paper systematically analyzes the coalbed methane resources, key technologies and progress, exploration effect and production performance in China and abroad. The main problems are summarized as low exploration degree, low technical adaptability, low return on investment and small development scale. This study suggests that the coalbed methane industry in China should follow the “two-step”(short-term and long-term) development strategy. The short-term action before 2030, can be divided into two stages:(1) From the present to 2025, to achieve new breakthroughs in theory and technology, and accomplish the target of annual production of 10 billion cubic meters;(2) From 2025 to 2030, to form the technologies suitable for most geological conditions, further expand the industry scale, and achieve an annual output of 30 billion cubic meters, improving the proportion of coalbed methane in the total natural gas production. The long-term action after 2030 is to gradually realize an annual production of 100 billion cubic meters. The strategic countermeasure to achieve the above goals is to adhere to “technology+management dual wheel drive”, realize the synchronous progress of technology and management, and promote the high-quality development of the coalbed methane industry. Technically, the efforts will focus on fine and effective development of coalbed methane in the medium to shallow layers of mature fields, effective development of coalbed methane in new fields, extensive and beneficial development of deep coalbed methane, three-dimensional comingled development of coalbed methane, applying new technologies such as coalbed methane displacement by carbon dioxide, microwave heating and stimulation technology, ultrasonic stimulation, high-temperature heat injection stimulation, rock breaking by high-energy laser. In terms of management, the efforts will focus on coordinative innovation of resource, technology, talent, policy and investment, with technological innovation as the core, to realize an all-round and integrated management and promote the development of coalbed methane industry at a high level. 展开更多
关键词 coalbed methane industry status strategic goal development countermeasures combined gas mining enhanced recovery in-situ conversion
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Development of Agricultural Product Logistics in Tianjin in the Context of the Coordinated Development Strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
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作者 Yue ZHANG Chunjie LI 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2022年第10期61-64,共4页
Since February 26,2014,Chinese president Xi Jinping of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China listened to the report on the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and delivered an impor... Since February 26,2014,Chinese president Xi Jinping of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China listened to the report on the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and delivered an important speech,and officially raised the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region as a major national strategy,the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region has entered the"fast lane".Guided by accelerating the construction of agricultural product supply areas,agricultural high-tech industry demonstration areas,and agricultural product logistics center areas,Tianjin seizes the opportunity of coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,brings into full play to the advantages of Tianjin s three-dimensional transportation network,perfect market system,high-quality port services,rapid growth of cold chain and e-commerce,to promote the faster and better development of Tianjin s agriculture.In addition,focusing on comprehensively improving Tianjin s regional agricultural product logistics service capabilities,Tianjin is establishing a distribution center for agricultural products,an e-commerce center,and a high-end agricultural product distribution center serving the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,to promote the construction of Tianjin agricultural product logistics center. 展开更多
关键词 COORDINATED development strategy of BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI Region Agricultural product LOGISTICS E-commerce Cold chain
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A new approach towards the sustainability of urban-rural integration:The development strategy for central villages in the Abbasiya District of Iraq using GIS techniques
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作者 Ahmed Hussein ALLAWI Haider Mohammed Jawad AL-JAZAERI 《Regional Sustainability》 2023年第1期28-43,共16页
The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central village... The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central villages that can provide basic urban services for their residents and residents of neighboring villages. This approach can contribute to overcoming the various problems that rural areas faced at the social, economic, and environmental levels. It seeks to achieve spatial sustainability of rural areas, representing a new approach by integrating urban development methods to revitalize rural villages. The study analyzed 15 villages belonging to Abbasiya District of AL Kufa City in the Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Based on the GIS techniques and the analysis of urban service indicators(village population, percentage of urban building materials used in villages, distance between village and health centers, distance between village and main roads, nature of economic activity, distance between village and educational institutions, distance between village and drinking water sources, number of communication towers, and distance between village and urban administrative center), this study proposed that Abu Gharb and Albu Ghraib can served as central villages in Abbasiya District in the future. This study establishes a new rural spatial structure to achieve rural sustainable development, improves the development status of rural areas, and provides a theoretical basis for the government and relevant institutions to use urban service indicators, achieving rural sustainable development and formulating relevant development policies in Abbasiya District. 展开更多
关键词 Central villages Spatial reorganization Rural sustainable development Urban-rural integration Urban service Abbasiya District Iraq
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Research on the Development Strategy of Smart Tourism in Hainan Under the Background of Big Data
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作者 Limei Fu 《Journal of Contemporary Educational Research》 2024年第4期108-113,共6页
Hainan is a major tourist province.It is urgent to promote the transformation and upgrading of Hainan’s tourism industry from a traditional service industry to a modern service industry by means of informatization.Sm... Hainan is a major tourist province.It is urgent to promote the transformation and upgrading of Hainan’s tourism industry from a traditional service industry to a modern service industry by means of informatization.Smart tourism is a brand-new tourism form and operation mode of tourism transformation and upgrading.Integrating big data technology will make smart tourism more accurate in three aspects:tourism management,tourism service,and tourism marketing,and further enhance the satisfaction of the tourism experience.This paper studies the development status of smart tourism in Hainan,deeply summarizes its existing problems and causes,and puts forward the development strategy of smart tourism in Hainan to promote the healthy development of the tourism industry in Hainan. 展开更多
关键词 Big data Smart tourism development strategy
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Research on the Development Strategy of Ningbo Transportation Port &Shipping Industry
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作者 Ningyu Zhang 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2019年第4期474-488,共15页
Firstly, the development background of Ningbo Transportation Port & Shipping Industry is analyzed on a spatial scale. Based on that, the strategic goal of Ningbo transportation port Port & Shipping Industry is... Firstly, the development background of Ningbo Transportation Port & Shipping Industry is analyzed on a spatial scale. Based on that, the strategic goal of Ningbo transportation port Port & Shipping Industry is put forward, and strategic path analysis of strategic objectives is carried out. Finally, with the dynamic resource view, the strategic integration model of Ningbo Port & Shipping Industry is proposed. 展开更多
关键词 TRANSPORTATION PORT & SHIPPING development strategy Dynamic RESOURCE VIEW Integrated Model
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Study on High Quality Development Strategy of the Yellow River Basin-Take Rural Development in Zhengzhou, China as an Example
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作者 BAI Hengrui 《Psychology Research》 2021年第8期357-362,共6页
High-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a development strategy that China has been vigorously promoting in recent years,and it is also an important point to realize the goal of balanced regional developm... High-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a development strategy that China has been vigorously promoting in recent years,and it is also an important point to realize the goal of balanced regional development and the Chinese dream in the long term.In the context of the implementation of the strategy,Zhengzhou,as a major city in the central region where the Yellow River flows through,has a strong driving effect on the surrounding counties and cities.At the same time,Zhengzhou’s rural modernization process is gradually accelerated,and the poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results.Therefore,this paper introduces the development background of the Yellow River Basin region,explores the significance of this strategy for the basin region,and takes the rural construction of Zhengzhou as an example to look into the future development path. 展开更多
关键词 YELLOW River Basin high quality development strategy RURAL development in Zhengzhou
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Analysis on Discipline Construction and Development Strategy of National-level Professional Research Institutes
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作者 Liu Ke Chen Mingxuan Miao Shiguang 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2017年第4期76-80,共5页
Discipline construction is development core of a professional research institute. The paper describes function,guiding ideology,and construction of discipline construction,based on giving a national-level professional... Discipline construction is development core of a professional research institute. The paper describes function,guiding ideology,and construction of discipline construction,based on giving a national-level professional research institute directly under the Ministry of Science and Technology,as an example. Furthermore,according to current situation of discipline construction in a professional research institute,the paper discusses development ideas of discipline construction. The final goal of the paper is to provide basis and reference for reinforcing discipline construction of professional research institutes. 展开更多
关键词 PROFESSIONAL RESEARCH institute DISCIPLINE CONSTRUCTION SUPPORTING function CONSTRUCTION system development IDEA
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Research on Development Strategy of Tourism Supporting for Poverty Alleviation in West Hubei
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作者 陈江美 吴尊华 张丽利 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2010年第7期60-65,共6页
West Hubei Circle referred to the eight cities and prefectures which were Xiangfan,Jingzhou,Yichang,Shiyan,Jingmen,Suizhou,Enshi and Shennongjia.The economic and social development in this area was lagging behind,with... West Hubei Circle referred to the eight cities and prefectures which were Xiangfan,Jingzhou,Yichang,Shiyan,Jingmen,Suizhou,Enshi and Shennongjia.The economic and social development in this area was lagging behind,with wide poverty area,large impoverished population,poor natural condition and weak development foundation.Owing to lack of investment sources,the poverty-overcoming cost and poverty-returning rate in this area was high.It was the key area of poverty alleviation of Hubei Province.On the basis of analysis of the features of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas of West Hubei,with the internal relation between tourism and poverty-alleviation as the reference,the author proposed the conceptualization of linkage development of tourism and poverty-alleviation west Hubei and preliminarily analyzed the feasibility of the linkage development between tourism and poverty-alleviation.The author considered that tourism and poverty-alleviation could mutually complement each other in function.The cultural and ecological tourism resources in West Hubei were abundant and unique,high in resources taste.And tourism was an industry with high return and intensive capital.It could collect capitals,lands,talents and technologies,win a great deal of human,material,capital and information resources in West Hubei,so as the promote the amelioration of the rural infrastructure and living conditions and urban construction.Meanwhile,the basic strategy of poverty-alleviation was put forward,that is,establishing the development mechanism with government as the lead and enterprises as the subjects,the financing mechanism of diversified investments and wide-ranging financing.Besides,with tourism as the trigger,tourism supporting for poverty-alleviation and ecological cultural village would be developed simultaneously,assisted by community participation mechanism,so as to realize mutual benefit and win-win cooperation of tourism and poverty-alleviation. 展开更多
关键词 WEST HUBEI TOURISM Poverty-alleviation Linkage development strategy
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Semantic model and optimization of creative processes at mathematical knowledge formation
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作者 Victor Egorovitch Firstov 《Natural Science》 2010年第8期915-922,共8页
The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the ... The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the formation of deductive theory is represented as the development of a certain informational space, the elements of which are structured in the form of the orientated semantic net. This net is properly metrized and characterized by a certain system of coverings. It allows injecting net optimization parameters, regulating qualitative aspects of knowledge system under consideration. To regulate the creative processes of the formation and realization of mathematical know- edge, stochastic model of formation deductive theory is suggested here in the form of branching Markovian process, which is realized in the corresponding informational space as a semantic net. According to this stochastic model we can get correct foundation of criterion of optimization creative processes that leads to “great main points” strategy (GMP-strategy) in the process of realization of the effective control in the research work in the sphere of mathematics and its applications. 展开更多
关键词 The Cybernetic Conception Optimization of CONTROL Quantitative And Qualitative Information Measures Modelling Intellectual Systems Neural Network MATHEMATICAL Education The CONTROL of Pedagogical PROCESSES CREATIVE Pedagogics Cognitive And CREATIVE PROCESSES Informal Axiomatic Thery SEMANTIC NET NET Optimization Parameters The Topology of SEMANTIC NET Metrization The System of Coverings Stochastic Model of CREATIVE PROCESSES At The Formation of MATHEMATICAL Knowledge Branching Markovian Process Great Main Points strategy (GMP-strategy) of The CREATIVE PROCESSES CONTROL Interdisciplinary Learning: Colorimetric Barycenter
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Assessment of AMBR<sup>TM</sup>as a model for high-throughput cell culture process development strategy 被引量:2
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作者 Sarath Moses Matthew Manahan +1 位作者 Alexandre Ambrogelly Wai Lam W. Ling 《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》 2012年第7期918-927,共10页
The development and delivery of high quality therapeutic products necessitates the need for highthrough-put (HTP) process development tools. Traditionally, these works requires a combination of shake flask and small-s... The development and delivery of high quality therapeutic products necessitates the need for highthrough-put (HTP) process development tools. Traditionally, these works requires a combination of shake flask and small-scale stirred tank bioreactor (STR) which are labor and resource intensive and time-consuming. Here we demonstrate a strategy for rapid and robust cell culture process development by evaluating and implementing the use of a new HTP disposable micro bioreactor (MBR) called AMBRTM system (Advanced Microscale Bioreactor) that has the capabilities for automated sampling, feed addition, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), gassing and agitation controls. In these studies the performance of two monoclonal antibody (MAb) producing cell lines (MAb1 and MAb2) was evaluated both in the AMBR system and 3-L STR. We demonstrated that cell culture performance (growth and viability, production titer and product quality) were similar in both vessel systems. Furthermore, process control and feed optimization were demonstrated in an additional cell line (MAb3) in the disposable MBR and its performance confirmed at STR scale. The results indicate that the AMBR system can be used to streamline the process development effort and facilitate a rapid and robust cell culture process development effort for MAb programs in a HTP manner. 展开更多
关键词 Microbioreactors HIGH-THROUGHPUT DOE PROCESS RANGING PROCESS development Cell CULTURE
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Thoughts on Pairing Assistance to Tibet for Promoting Agricultural High-quality Development in Southern Tibet from the Perspective of Agricultural Power
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作者 Zhiguo SUN Li GAO +3 位作者 Yuanpeng SUN Guangchao CAO Xinying ZHOU Xiaoqiang LI 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2024年第3期18-24,共7页
In the new era,there is an urgent need to further promote pairing assistance to Tibet,promote the simultaneous construction of a strong agriculture in Tibet and the China's Mainland,and compose a Chinese-style mod... In the new era,there is an urgent need to further promote pairing assistance to Tibet,promote the simultaneous construction of a strong agriculture in Tibet and the China's Mainland,and compose a Chinese-style modernization.Southern Tibet,located in the southeastern part of the Tibet Autonomous Region,includes Shannan City and Nyingchi City,is a region assisted by four provincial partners including Hubei Province.This paper introduces the agricultural environment in southern Tibet,studies its agricultural characteristics,and analyzes the main issues of its pairing assistance.Taking forging the strong consciousness of the Chinese national community as the main line,the paper explores strategies for promoting agricultural high-quality development in southern Tibet through pairing assistance to Tibet from the perspective of agricultural power,and proposes some strategies,such as inheriting agricultural cultural heritage,promoting the upgrading of modern seed industry,enhancing the characteristic advantages of highland barley(naked barley)and animal husbandry industries,and developing edible fungi and cold water fish industries. 展开更多
关键词 PAIRING ASSISTANCE to TIBET Southern TIBET Shannan CITY Nyingchi CITY AGRICULTURAL high-quality development AGRICULTURAL power
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Years of Concentrated Work Leads to Successive Glory——Ye Weimin,Vice President of ZTE,Talks About ZTE's Development Strategy on WCDMA
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作者 Zhong Xing (ZTE Corporation,Shenzhen 518057,China) 《ZTE Communications》 2003年第2期50-51,共2页
Editor’s Note:After becoming theleading force in CDMAequipment manufacturingin China, ZTE rolled outits self-developed WCD-MA products that at-tracted much expert at-tention in the MTNETsecond phase single sys- tem t... Editor’s Note:After becoming theleading force in CDMAequipment manufacturingin China, ZTE rolled outits self-developed WCD-MA products that at-tracted much expert at-tention in the MTNETsecond phase single sys- tem testing completed inJune 2003. Thefollowing are the remarks of Ye Weimin,ZTE’s vice president, on ZTE’s strate-gies, advantages and achievements inthe development of WCDMA products. 展开更多
关键词 Ye Weimin Vice President of ZTE Talks About ZTEs development strategy on WCDMA net Years of Concentrated Work Leads to Successive Glory ZTE of WORK on
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Current Status and Development Strategy of Mung Bean Production in Chongqing Municipality 被引量:2
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作者 杜成章 张继君 +2 位作者 曾宪琪 黄世龙 张晓春 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第1期120-122,232,共4页
[Objective] This paper presented the current status of mung bean produc- tion in Chongqing, and put forward the corresponding development strategies. [Meth- ods] By overviewing the status of mung bean production in Ch... [Objective] This paper presented the current status of mung bean produc- tion in Chongqing, and put forward the corresponding development strategies. [Meth- ods] By overviewing the status of mung bean production in Chongqing Municipality, the main problems, advantages of mung bean production in Chongqing were pre- sented, and based on corresponding development strategies were put forward.[Re- suits] Currently, the main problems of mung bean production in Chongqing area in- clude insufficient attention, serious variety degradation, lag in cultivation technology, low scientific research level. However, the region has strengths in growing mung beans which would have broad prospects by appropriate adjustment and planning. [Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for the development of mung bean pro- duction and promotion of economic development in Chongqing Municipality. 展开更多
关键词 Chongqing Municipality Mung bean PRODUCTION development STRATEGIES
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RESEARCH ON THE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN CHINA: TAKE SHANDONG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE
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作者 李兴弟 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 1992年第1期81-87,共7页
Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same tim... Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China. 展开更多
关键词 COASTAL development development strategy SHANDONG Province EXPORT-ORIENTED economy
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The Analysis of Human Development Index (HDI) for Categorizing the Member States of the United Nations (UN)
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作者 Sivarajah Mylevaganam 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2017年第12期661-690,共30页
To categorize the nations to reflect the development status, to date, there are many conceptual frameworks. The Human Development index (HDI) that is published by the United Nations Development Programme is widely acc... To categorize the nations to reflect the development status, to date, there are many conceptual frameworks. The Human Development index (HDI) that is published by the United Nations Development Programme is widely accepted and practiced by many people such as academicians, politicians, and donor organizations. However, though the development of HDI has gone through many revisions since its formulation in 1990, even the current version of the index formulation published in 2016 needs research to better understand and to gap-fill the knowledge base that can enhance the index formulation to facilitate the direction of attention such as release of funds. Therefore, in this paper, based on principal component analysis and K-means clustering algorithm, the data that reflect the measures of life expectancy index (LEI), education index (EI), and income index (II) are analyzed to categorize and to rank the member states of the UN using R statistical software package, an open source extensible programming language for statistical computing and graphics. The outcome of the study shows that the proportion of total eigen value (i.e., proportion of total variance) explained by PCA-1 (i.e., first principal component) accounts for more than 85% of the total variation. Moreover, the proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 increases with time (i.e., yearly) though the amount of increase with time is not significant. However, the proportions of total eigen value explained by PCA-2 and PCA-3 decrease with time. Therefore, the loss of information in choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables (i.e., LEI, EI, and II) may diminish with time if the trend of increasing pattern of proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 with time continues in the future as well. On the other hand, the correlation between EI and PCA-1 increases with time although the magnitude of increase is not that significant. This same trend is observed in II as well. However, in contrast to these observations, the correlation between PCA-1 and LEI decreases with time. These findings imply that the contributions of EI and II to PCA-1 increase with time, but the contribution of LEI to PCA-1 decreases with time. On top of these, as per Hopkins statistic, the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA-1 alone is far better than the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA scores (i.e., PCA-1, PCA-2, and PCA-3) and the explanatory variables. Therefore, choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables is becoming more concrete. 展开更多
关键词 Human development Index Economy Sustainability UNITED Nations development Programme Education Life EXPECTANCY Per Capita INCOME JavaScript R Statistical Software Principal Component ANALYSIS K-Means Clustering HOPKINS Statistic
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