Development and Evaluation of an All Weather-Type Solar Drying House to Make for Wood Pellet Material

To suppress the global environment pollutions, we tried to develop a new-type solar drying house by improving a typical agricultural green-house, so that an all weather-type solar drying house was invented ultimately. This house is capable to dry raw wood materials (Ogako) into suitable moisture content (Mc) to make a wood pellet. The all weather-type solar Ogako drying house is covered with a triple transparent film, and an open/close free-type shield sheet is spread along with house’s inner surface with a small space, which is opened when solar radiation is incident on the house in daytime and closed to prevent heat loss from the house while out of sun shining in night. Inside of the all weather-type solar Ogako drying house, there are four belt-conveyors over which four top radiation panels are hanged, and on which four Ogako agitators are touched, a turn-table, two hoppers, four small fans, and besides, a floor heating is molded in concrete floor. Also on the north wall outside the house, two insulated cylinders (chimney) are stood up vertically to exhaust inside moist air passively. Then, to make clearly the operation performance of the house, the drying tests for the proof examination were conducted nineteen times at first test site in Ashoro where is located east-central part of Hokkaido, Japan. As a result of the drying test for the proof examination, it was made clear that the all weather-type solar Ogako drying house is practically useful as a supplementary apparatus to produce the dried Ogako, and consequently to suppress CO2 exhaustion.

耐高温起泡剂膦甲基酚醛树脂PMP的合成及性能

由苯酚、甲醛、PCl3合成了水溶性固体膦甲基酚醛树脂(PMP),其HLB值为20 7。简介了合成方法,考察了PMP作为起泡剂的配方性能。PMP溶液室温发泡体积Vf随浓度增大(5～20g/L)而略有增大,泡沫半衰期t1/2在浓度12 5g/L时最长,为20 2min,此时Vf=520mL(/100mL溶液)。在该浓度PMP溶液中分别加入CMC、硅酸钠、三乙醇胺、膨润土使Vf值略降,t1/2值在适宜加量范围大幅延长,加量分别为1 0、2 0、12 5、40g/L时有最大值370 0、85 2、180 2、174 2min;这4个复配PMP/添加剂溶液在温度升高时(30～90℃)Vf值增大但t1/2值大幅缩短。12 5g/LPMP溶液在150～200℃滚动16h后室温下Vf值不变,t1/2值随滚动温度升高而降低,200℃时为11 3min;12 5/2 0/10/40g/LPMP/硅酸钠/三乙醇胺/膨润土溶液在200℃滚动16h后,室温下Vf值为470mL,t1/2值高达50h。PMP为耐高温性能良好的起泡剂,可与硅酸钠、三乙醇胺、膨润土复配使用。图2表4参10。

Land Suitability Evaluation of Zanthoxylum schinifolium in Dry and Hot Valley of Jinsha River: A Case Study of Jiaopingdu Town of Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County,Yunnan Province

According to the recent practice in Laopingzi Village,Jiaopingdu Town,Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County(Luquan County hereinafter)in dry and hot valley of Jinsha River,the development of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb.et Zucc planting industry can help farmers gradually get rid of poverty and achieve a virtuous cycle of ecological environment.It is a sustainable poverty alleviation way.Based on the three aspects of soil properties,climatic conditions,and topographical conditions influencing the growth of Z.schinifolium,this paper selected eight evaluation factors to establish a suitability evaluation system for Z.schinifolium,used the analytic hierarchy process to determine the indicator,and determined the weight of the evaluation indicators.Besides,it calculated the comprehensive suitability index of land suitability of Z.schinifolium and evaluated the suitability of Z.schinifolium land in Jiaopingdu Town of Luquan County.The results showed that the suitable area for the cultivation of Z.schinifolium in Jiaopingdu Town reached 7270.78 ha,accounting for 88.69%of the study area;the area of unsuitable land was 922.07 ha,accounting for 11.31%of the study area.Among the suitable land areas,the high suitability area reached562.99 ha,accounting for 7.79%;the moderate suitability area was 2206.76 ha,accounting for 28.61%;the low suitability area was4599.03 ha,accounting for 63.6%.Based on the results of suitability evaluation,it came up with pertinent recommendations for the development of Z.schinifolium industry in Jiaopingdu Town.

Validation of a Questionnaire to Diagnose the Baumann Skin Type in All Ethnicities and in Various Geographic Locations

The Baumann Skin Typing System diagnoses patients as having one of 16 skin types based on their answers to a validated questionnaire [i] known as the Baumann Skin Type Indicator [ii]. The BSTI questionnaire has been tested over the last decade on over 200,000 people of various ages and ethnicities in different geographic locations around the world. In this study, data were collected from 52,862 patients to compare skin type prevalence between those who presented to doctor’s offices and those who took the quiz without supervision online. The most common skin types varied only slightly between patients that took the quiz online and those that completed the questionnaire in their doctor’s office. This indicates that the prevalence of skin types seen in the doctor’s office is similar to that in the general population and that supervision is not necessary to get an accurate result on the BSTI. [iii] In addition, comparison of data gathered in China, Korea, and the US did not show a significant difference in skin type prevalence between Asian and Caucasian skin types. [iv] This study demonstrates that the English version of the BSTI is valid for English speaking patients online, and in doctors’ offices in the US, China and Korea.

叶面喷施稀土对千年桐幼苗生长和生理的影响

The seedlings of Vernicia montana derived from seeds soaking with water (the first group)or 300 mg5L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution (the second group) were treated with various concentrations of mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution by foliage spraying. The results showed that the seedling heights sprayed with 100 和 1 000 mg·L -1 of the first group and with 50 和 100 mg·L -1 of the second group were significantly higher than the controls, and the diameter at ground level sprayed with 300 mg·L -1 of the second group was significantly greater than the control, being 26.92% more than the latter; except for spraying with 0 mg5L -1 and 700～1 500 mg5L -1 of the second group, the seedling dry weight above ground of others was 29.13%～73.91% greater than the control, whereas the seedling dry weight under ground of others was 20.78%～116.88% greater than the control; the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b for all spraying seedling were 91.67%～191.67% and 87.5%～306.25% greater than the control, respectively, and soluble proteins and soluble sugars were 16.00%～179.78% and 10.73%～105.65% greater than the control, respectively. Compared with the control, the activity of SOD tended to increase, whereas the contents of MDA decreased. These indicated that spraying leaves with optimum concentration of mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution could markedly promote the growth of seedlings and improve resistance ability of V. montana seedlings to bad environment. On the whole, the effects of spraying the leaves of seedling with 50～500 mg5L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution, which were derived from seeds soaking with 300 mg·L -1 mixed nitric_acid rare earth solution, were good.

Structures and Properties of Iron Matrix Composites with Tungsten Carbide Particle by EPC-V Process

In this paper the Expendable Pattern Casting with dry sand Vacuum(EPC-V) process is used to manufacture iron matrix composites with tungsten carbide particle.Microstructures of the composites layers were analyzed.The abrasive wear resistance of the composites layers were tested and compared with that of high chromium cast iron.The results show that the iron matrix composites with tungsten carbide particle have high hardness.The abrasive wear resistance of composites with tungsten carbide particle is higher than that of high chromium cast iron.The properties of the matrix materials have been improved remarkably.

“中国与亚太地区3G产业发展”座谈会特别报道

截至2005年3月底,全球共有187个商用3G网络,3G用户已经达到1.674亿以上,3G技术和产品不断成熟,全球3G商用进程明显加快。其中,亚太地区的3G发展令人瞩目,不仅成为拥有3G用户数最多的地区,而且使3G得到实质性的发展。为了吸收亚太地区其他国家部署3G的成功经验、进一步推动中国3G的发展,近日,由信息产业部电信研究院通信信息研究所主办、《现代电信科技》承办、诺基亚公司支持的“中国与亚太地区3G产业发展”座谈会成功召开。会上,信息产业部电信研究院副院长曹淑敏、诺基亚公司副总裁林启中、沃达丰公司北京代表处首席代表夏浩、著名经济学家张昕竹以及来自信息产业部电信研究院的多位专家就“亚太地区3G运营经验”、“中国3G业务运营与应用的关键问题”、“3G业务的消费者福利与反垄断”等主题展开激烈讨论,对我国3G的部署和发展具有十分重要的现实意义。

Complex Processing of Pulverized Fly Ash by Dry Separation Methods

Pulverized fly ash (PFA) is produced about 500 billions tons every year in the world in a result of coals combustion. Most of the fly ash collected in power plants is disposed by deposition in landfills, situated as a rule near big cities with well developed infrastructure and high cost of land. Moreover, the pollution of environmental by fine solid wastes is inevitable and takes place in area of residing of a basic part of the population. The only solution is a complex processing of fine wastes with a production of value added materials. New conception of complex processing of PFA is proposed on the base of facilities of Electro-mass-classifier (EMC) and other techniques. The characterization of separated fractions was carried out by SEM and optic microscopy, XRD, laser diffraction, M?ssbauer spectroscopy and other methods. A fine fraction of glass microspheres presents the main interest as filler in various materials.

拟康氏木霉液态发酵条件的研究

采用单因素和正交试验对筛选出的一株有潜力的生物防治菌——拟康氏木霉Trichoderma pseudokoningii的液态发酵条件进行优化,并进行100L发酵罐中试放大试验的研究。优化后的拟康氏木霉发酵控制参数为:培养基配方为麸皮40g/L,马铃薯50g/L,蔗糖20g/L,KH2PO4 0.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,CaCl2 0.25g/L;摇瓶发酵培养时间为6d,培养基的初始pH值为6.0- 7.0,发酵温度为28±1℃。通过对拟康氏木霉生长曲线的测定,确定其在发酵罐中培养的时间60h为宜,此时所获得的菌丝体干重为1.2694g/100ml发酵液。本研究结果为高效率、低成本、工业化生产具有生防作用的拟康氏木霉菌丝制剂提供了科学依据。

半叶马尾藻多糖对辐射损伤小鼠巨噬细胞功能和胸腺细胞周期进程的影响

通过研究小鼠胸腺细胞周期进程、巨噬细胞吞饮和分泌功能的变化,探讨半叶马尾藻多糖(SHP)对辐射损伤小鼠胸腺细胞和巨噬细胞的影响。利用常规方法和流式细胞术分别检测小鼠巨噬细胞的功能和胸腺细胞周期进程。结果发现给予小鼠5Gy60Coγ射线单次全身照射(剂量率为0.673Gy/min),小鼠巨噬细胞吞饮功能显著低于正常对照组。但是,在照射前给予SHP(10mg/kg～40mg/kg)组的小鼠巨噬细胞吞饮功能明显高于单纯照射组,小鼠巨噬细胞IL1分泌功能SHP(20mg/kg～40mg/kg)加照射组也显著高于单纯照射组。5Gy照射引起小鼠胸腺G0/G1期细胞百分率增高,S期和G2/M期细胞百分率减少,SHP(20mg/kg～40mg/kg)可以有效抑制辐射损伤小鼠胸腺G0/G1期阻滞和G2/M期细胞百分率下降,SHP(10mg/kg～40mg/kg)也能够预防辐射损伤小鼠S期胸腺细胞百分率的下降。说明SHP对辐射损伤小鼠胸腺细胞和巨噬细胞有保护作用。

Two stages power generation test of the hot dry rock exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China

The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda.Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture simulation.In 2019,China Geological Survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR projects.Over the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in 2022.After establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were drilled.Noteworthy progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was completed.However,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

Impact of Mid-and Upper-Level Dry Air on Tropical Cyclone Genesis and Intensification:A Modeling Study of Durian(2001)

The impact of mid-and upper-level dry air,represented by low relative humidity(RH)values,on the genesis of tropical cyclone(TC)Durian(2001)in the South China Sea was investigated by a series of numerical experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting model.The mid-level RH was lowered in different regions relative to TC Durian(2001)’s genesis location.Results suggest that the location of dry air was important to Durian(2001)’s genesis and intensification.The rapid development of the TC was accompanied by sustained near-saturated mid-and upper-level air,whereas low humidity decelerated its development.Water vapor budget analysis showed that moisture at mid and upper levels was mainly supplied by the vertical convergence of moisture flux and the divergence terms,and consumed by the condensation process.The horizontal convergence of moisture flux term supplied moisture in the air moistening process but consumed moisture in the air drying process.With a dryer mid-and upper-level environment,convective and stratiform precipitation were both inhibited.The upward mass fluxes and the diabatic heating rates associated with these two precipitation types were also suppressed.Generally,convection played the dominant role,since the impact of the stratiform process on vertical mass transportation and diabatic heating was much weaker.The vorticity budget showed that the negative vorticity convergence term,which was closely related to the inhibited convection,caused the vorticity to decrease above the lower troposphere in a dryer environment.The negative vorticity tendency is suggested to slow down the vertical coherence and the development rate of TCs.

150kaBP以来巴丹吉林沙漠东南区域地层序列的新研究

巴丹吉林沙漠东南部边缘查格勒布鲁剖面中更新统/上更新统下部、上更新统下部/上更新统上部和上更新统上部/全新统的地质界线依次发生在59AGS/60L、39FD/40G和9L/10FD之沉积界面上。其时限依次大致为150kaBP、75kaBP和10kaBP,该剖面记录了150kaBP以来25个旋回的沙漠与湖相等沉积交替变更的历史过程。通过该剖面粒度和SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3、FeO在地层中的分布特征、软体动物化石指示的古生态等综合研究表明,所述这些沉积旋回是自那时以来,在北半球冰期间冰期气候波动影响下,冬夏古季风往复更迭所导致的非季风沙区沙漠期与间沙漠期多次正逆交替演变的结果。

中兴通讯关于WCDMA精品区域覆盖和扩容解决方案

WCDMA系统的覆盖和扩容方案已在运营商和许多厂商中进行了广泛地讨论,进行了许多试验,同时也得到了许多经验,例如对于上下行链路参数的考虑、话音覆盖和数据覆盖的协调、站址的选择、2G到3G的平滑过渡等。由于每个站址都要配备机房,而租用机房占地一直是运营商或大楼覆盖承担方所头疼的问题,由于非通讯专业人士出于健康的考虑而阻挠机房建设的现象经常发生,以至于使建网周期延长或重新选址而延误建网进度。中兴通讯股份有限公司温钢、张建国所撰《中兴通讯关于WCDMA精品区域覆盖和扩容解决方案》一文在定义了精品区概念的同时,分析了传统的组网方式,进而提出了“运维工厂”的建网理念,即采用基带池配合射频拉远设备组网的方式,同时对大/中等规模基带池配合射频拉远解决方案、小规模基带池配合射频拉远解决方案,以及宏基站配合射频拉远解决方案进行了基本阐述。本文所提出的“运维工厂”的建网理念即可以看成是一种新的建网概念,同时也可以结合传统的建网方案而成为一种补充。对于此方案进一步试验和完善对下一步WCDMA网络建设会起到积极作用。

RuO_2/La_2O_3/TiO_2悬浮体系中直接耐晒黑G的光催化降解

钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶凝胶浸渍法制备RuO2 /La2O3 /TiO2 复合光催化剂,以紫外灯为光源,研究了催化剂组成、煅烧温度、溶液pH值等因素对直接耐晒黑G(DFBG)光催化降解的影响。结果表明:掺杂量w(La2O3 )1 .39%、w(RuO2 )0 .12%、煅烧温度500℃(2h)、溶液pH值7. 3时,光催化活性最佳。当通气量为200mL/min,催化剂投加量为150mg时, 50mg/L的DFBG溶液经60min降解,其降解率近100%。DFBG的光催化降解服从Langmuir Hinshelwood动力学模型,测得相应的动力学参数k=7 .42×10-3 mmol/L·min,K=19 54L/mmol。

Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanins Extracted from Iraqi <i>Iresine herbstii</i>L. Flowers after Drying and Freezing

Any processing method that maintains the level of compounds known for their health benefits will be of interest to the food industries. Therefore, the effects of vacuum drying, storage and freezing on the anthocyanin content and their antioxidant properties of Iresine herbstii L. flowers were investigated. The results showed that fresh samples (AEFF) had the highest amount of total anthosyanin content (8.31 ± 0.23 mg/g dry matter, expressed as cyaniding 3-glucoside equivalents), followed by 7.17 ± 0.12 mg/g solid content, 13.72% loss of vacuum dried samples (AEDF). In comparison with fresh samples, total anthocyanins in stored samples for two weeks at 5°C (AESF) and frozen samples during 1 (AEZF1) and 3 months (AEZF3) of storage were significantly (P < 0.01) reduced to 6.43 ± 0.24 mg/g solid content, 22.63% loss, 5.65 ± 0.33 mg/g solid content, 32.01% loss and 4.71 ± 0.51 mg/g solid content, 43.33% loss, respectively. Anthocyanins from I. herbstii L. flowers exhibited a dose-dependent (AEFF > AEDF > AESF > AEZF1 > AEZF3, respectively) antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation in a linoleic acid model system as well as strong reducing power and ferrous ion chelating abilities. Moreover, the anthocyanins extracted were found to show remarkable scavenging activity on superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radicals and deoxyribose degradation. Based on the results obtained, we can concluded that the Iresine herbstii L. flowers may be valuable natural antioxidant sources and are potentially applicable in both pharmacy and food

丙泊酚不同效应室靶浓度输注对老年人镇静程度和血流动力学的影响

目的探讨不同效应室靶浓度的丙泊酚对老年人血流动力学的影响程度,以及镇静和麻醉时能保持血流动力学稳定的丙泊酚效应室靶浓度适宜设置值。方法21例老年患者静脉靶控输注丙泊酚,血浆靶浓度的设定从0.5μg/ml开始,当效应室靶浓度上升到血浆靶浓度水平时,将血浆靶浓度调高0.5μg/ml,使丙泊酚血浆靶浓度阶梯式上升,直到效应室靶浓度达到3.5μg/ml。记录每个效应室靶浓度水平的血流动力学各项参数和脑电双频谱指数(BIS)测定值,并行Ramsay镇静评分。结果丙泊酚效应室靶浓度与BIS值呈高度直线负相关(r=-0.9906,P<0.01)。在7个靶浓度水平的观测中,HR和STR改变不明显,ACI降低仍在正常值范围内,CI和LCWI的降幅分别为11.3%～22.2%(P<0.05)和23.2%～48.1%(P<0.01)。效应室靶浓度为1.0μg/ml时,90%的患者镇静评估达到3～4级,MAP降幅未超过基础值的20%,CI降幅为基础值的13%。效应室靶浓度达到2.5μg/ml时,BIS值下降到45左右,MAP降幅维持在28%以内,CI降幅为基础值的22.2%。结论丙泊酚效应室靶浓度与BIS值呈负相关,可以用其评估镇静深度。对于老年患者,丙泊酚效应室靶浓度在1.0μg/ml时已获得良好镇静效果,且对血流动力学影响轻微;2.0～2.5μg/ml时达到全麻诱导镇静水平的要求。

编码绿色荧光蛋白和βARKct的重组腺病毒的制备

【目的】制备编码绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和G茁γ活性抑制剂茁ARKct的重组腺病毒载体。【方法】构建腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV-茁ARKct,经PmeI线性化后转化入含腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-I的BJ5183菌,筛选获得重组腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-gfp-茁ARKct。用LipoFectamine2000将经PacI线性化的pAdEasy-gfp-茁ARKct转染入人胚肾293细胞,包装并扩增出重组腺病毒颗粒rAd-gfp-茁ARKct。用氯化铯高速梯度离心、纯化rAd-gfp-茁ARKct。用rAd-GFP-茁ARKct干预去甲肾上腺素诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞肥大过程,观察对茁肌球蛋白重链(茁MHC)基因表达的影响。【结果】将pAdTrack-CMV-茁ARKct转入含pAdEasy-I的BJ5183菌后获得20%的阳性重组体克隆。重组腺病毒质粒在293细胞中包装并扩增出大量的腺病毒,经PCR鉴定含有茁ARKct编码基因。透析纯化得到重组腺病毒滴度为6.0×106pfu/mL。rAd-GFP-茁ARKct表达的茁ARKct可抑制乳鼠心肌细胞茁MHC的高表达。【结论】成功构建重组腺病毒载体,并在293细胞中包装、制备出可表达茁ARKct的重组腺病毒rAd-gfp-茁ARKct。

敏感性稠油藏防膨注水开发的前期研究与实践

郑408块沙三上砂岩稠油油藏弱水敏,中等碱敏,弱速敏,弱酸敏,弱盐敏,供液已严重不足,需补充油层能量。地层水CaCl2型,矿化度20g/L。筛选了一种粘土稳定剂OCP 02,50℃时在地层岩心中注入1PV的2%～10%OCP 2溶液后用蒸馏水驱替时,渗透率保留率高达96%～99%。选择同为CaCl2型、矿化度19g/L的王庄潜山地层水为注入水源。岩心流动实验结果表明,在50℃下注入潜山水25PV时岩心渗透率下降达63 2%;注入2%OCP 02溶液1PV后再注200PV潜山水,渗透率下降仅6 3%;1PV的2%OCP 02溶液与200PV潜山水交替注入可使岩心渗透率大体维持恒定;在潜山水中加入0 01%OCP 02连续注入300PV后渗透率下降不到10%。选定的最佳防膨注水方案为:用2%OCP 02溶认处理近井地带,连续注入含0 01%OCP 02的潜山水,控制注水流量小于速敏下限(3 21m3/d·m),每注完300PV后用2%OCP 02溶液强化处理一次。这一防膨注水开发方案已投入现场试验和应用,初期注入压力为3～5MPa,2 5～2 0年后为9 0～9 5MPa,油井产液量、产油量、动液面上升,含水下降,开采速度增大。图3表5参5。

Monitoring Passive Transfer of Immunity in Neonatal Calves by Measuring Levels of IgG in Blood Using Immunoassay Method and Refractometer Measures of Serum and Colostrum

IgG Check calf test has been used in this study to identify if a failure of passive transfer occurs in neonatal calves by measuring the level of IgG in blood. An adequate level of IgG measured in all calves at 48 hours, 7 days and 14 days after birth showed level of IgG 1000 mg/dl. This level indicated that they have good passive transfer of immunity. Also, in this study colostrum quality fed to calves was detected using Brix Refractometer. The colostrum is of high quality as it contains 50 mg/ml of IgG. This Brix refractometer can be used on the farm level to estimate colostrum IgG content and monitoring colostrum feeding practices. Colostrum with high quality IgG could provide calves with enough IgG to attain successful passive transfer of immunity. Brix and Obione refractometers provide simple, rapid method for estimating IgG concentration on calf serum, thus considered to be the most common method for determining passive transfer failure.