Consumer Choice, Firm Performance and Channel Coordination in a Dual-Channel Distribution System

The expanding role of the Internet in consumer purchasing activities has created substantial new opportunities accessing to end-consumers. More and more manufacturers are beginning to sell products to potential consumers directly online while continuing to sell through the traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, a phenomenon leading to intense channel competition and conflicts. Using game theory, this research examines the effect of market segments, consumer choice and the acceptance of direct online channels on firm performance and the whole system’s profit. The analysis indicates that the addition of direct online channel does not necessarily harm the incumbent retailers. A win-win zone is proposed, in which both the manufacturer and the retailer benefit from the encroachment.

Research on Alliance Decision of Dual-Channel Remanufacturing Supply Chain Considering Bidirectional Free-Riding and Cost-Sharing

This study delves into the formation dynamics of alliances within a closed-loop supply chain(CLSC)that encom-passes a manufacturer,a retailer,and an e-commerce platform.It leverages Stackelberg game for this exploration,contrasting the equilibrium outcomes of a non-alliance model with those of three differentiated alliance models.The non-alliance model acts as a crucial benchmark,enabling the evaluation of the motivations for various supply chain entities to engage in alliance formations.Our analysis is centered on identifying the most effective alliance strategies and establishing a coordination within these partnerships.We thoroughly investigate the consequences of diverse alliance behaviors,bidirectional free-riding and cost-sharing,and the resultant effects on the optimal decision-making among supply chain actors.The findings underscore several pivotal insights:(1)The behavior of alliances within the supply chain exerts variable impacts on the optimal pricing and demand of its members.In comparison to the non-alliance(D)model,the manufacturer-retailer(MR)and manufacturer-e-commerce platform(ME)alliances significantly lower both offline and online resale prices for new and remanufactured goods.This adjustment leads to an enhanced demand for products via the MR alliance’s offline outlets and the ME alliance’s online platforms,thereby augmenting the profits for those within the alliance.Conversely,retailer-e-commerce platform(ER)alliance tends to increase the optimal retail price and demand across both online and offline channels.Under specific conditions,alliance behavior can also increase the profits of non-alliance members,and the profits derived through alliance channels also exceed those from non-alliance channels.(2)The prevalence of bidirectional free-riding behavior largely remains constant across different alliance configurations.Across these models,bidirectional free-riding typically elevates the equilibrium prices in offline channel while negatively affecting the equilibrium prices in other channel.(3)The effect of cost-sharing shows relative uniformity across the various alliance models.Across all configurations,cost-sharing tends to reduce the manufacturer’s profits.Nonetheless,alliances initiated by the manufacturer can counteract these negative impacts,providing a strategic pathway to bolster CLSC profitability.

Altruism and Pricing Strategy in Dual-Channel Supply Chains

With the development of behavioral operational management, human behavior such as altruism, fairness and trust has received considerable attention. This paper studies the effect of altruism on retailer’s and manufacturer’s pricing strategy in two classic dual-channel supply chains by presenting Stackelberg game models. The analysis shows that the player’s altruism preference strongly affects their pricing strategies. The more altruistic one player is, the more profits the other player obtains. Moreover, the effect of manufacturer’s altruistic preference is larger than that of retailer’s. In addition, online price is always lower than offline price in dual-channel supply chain, which still holds true considering altruism. The results also reveal that the product web-fit has significant effect on the player’s optimal pricing strategies. The more compatible with online market the product is, the lower the retail price is set, and the more profit the manufacturer obtains whereas the less the retailer gets.

Asymmetric Dual-Channel MAC Protocol for Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In order to resolve the hidden and exposed terminal problems and improve the probability of concurrent packet transmissions for multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks （MANETs）, a novel slotted Asyrmaetric Dual-Channel Medium Access Control （ADC-MAC） protocol is proposed. It exploits sirmltaneous reservation with less collisions and conision-flee data packet transmissions, and achieves optimal transmission balance on the Control Channel （CCH） and Data Channel （DCH） by adjusting the relationship between Reservation Slot （RS） on the CCH and the data packet Transmission Slot （TS） on the DCH. Transmission interferences can be avoided by only observing CCH for the transmission time of a data packet. The proposed RS and contention micro-slot backoff mechanisms also greatly improve channel access efficiency. Simulation results show that compared to IFEE 802. 11 DCF and -Mc protocols, the proposed protocol can achieve a throughput gain of 88% in singlehop networks and 151% in nltihop networks at the same total data rate.

Experimental Study of Flow Field at the Outlet of Dual-Channel Burner

This paper presents an experimental study result of flow field of a dual-channel burner. In order to solve the ubiquitous problem of bad rigidity of jets in dual-channel burners, wedges with different arrangements and structural parameters were added to different positions at the outlet of the burners. Laser Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used in this study to measure the flow field to investigate influence of the wedges on flow field of the dual-channel burner. Experimental study shows that fixing wedges at both right and left sides of the burner's outlet can increase the intensity of recirculadon without changing the size of the recirculation zone and enhance the rigidity of jets via increasing speed of the two primary air jets at the outlet.

Designing cost-effective network-on-chip by dual-channel access mechanism

A dual-channel access mechanism to overcome the drawback of traditional single-channel access mechanism for network-on-chip （NoC） is proposed. In traditional single-channel access mechanism, every Internet protocol （IP） has only one chan- nel to access the on-chip network. When the network is relatively idle, the injection rate is too small to make good use of the network resource. When the network is relatively busy, the ejection rate is so small that the packets in the network cannot leave immediately, and thus the probability of congestion is increased. In the dual-channel access mechanism, the injection rate of IP and the ejection rate of the network are increased by using two optional channels in network interface （NI） and local port of routers. Therefore, the communication performance is improved. Experimental results show that compared with traditional single-channel access mechanism, the proposed scheme greatly increases the throughput and cuts down the average latency with reasonable area increase.

跌打活血散HPLC-DAD-ELSD双通道指纹图谱分析

目的:建立跌打活血散双通道指纹图谱分析方法以评价该制剂质量。方法:以C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸为流动相梯度洗脱;柱温:30℃;流速:1.0 m L·min-1;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度:115℃;氮气流速:2.7 L·min-1;进样量:20μL,采用HPLC-DADELSD联用法建立UV 254 nm与ELSD双通道指纹图谱,对7家生产企业的14批跌打活血散进行相似度评价。结果:在上述色谱条件下,相似度评价结果表明不同企业产品间存在一定差异,经对照品比对确认了指纹图谱中14个色谱峰(儿茶素、表儿茶素、羟基红花黄色素A、阿魏酸、三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1/Re、川续断皂苷VI、血竭素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、11-羰基-β-乙酰乳香酸)。结论:建立的跌打活血散HPLC-DAD-ELSD双通道指纹图谱分析方法简便、可靠,可更为全面有效地控制该产品质量。

Robust dual-channel correlation algorithm for complex weak target detection with wideband radar

In the scene of wideband radar,due to the spread of target scattering points,the attitude and angle of view of the target constantly change in the process of moving.It is difficult to predict,and the actual echo of multiple scattered points is not fully matched with the transmitted signal.Therefore,it is challenging for the traditional matching filter method to achieve a complete matching effect in wideband echo detection.In addition,the energy dispersion of complex target echoes is still a problem in radar target detection under broadband conditions.Therefore,this paper proposes a wideband target detection method based on dualchannel correlation processing of range-extended targets.This method fully uses the spatial distribution characteristics of target scattering points of echo signal and the matching characteristics of the dual-channel point extension function itself.The radial accumulation of wideband target echo signal in the complex domain is realized through the adaptive correlation processing of a dual-channel echo signal.The accu-mulation effect of high matching degree is achieved to improve the detection probability and the performance of wideband detection.Finally,electromagnetic simulation experiments and measured data verify that the proposed method has the advan-tages of high signal to noise ratio(SNR)gain and high detection probability under low SNR conditions.

Pillar[5]arene and Azine Derivative Assembly Improved Dual-Channel Detection of CN^(-)

The cyanide anion(CN^(–))is known to be one of the most toxic anions.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a reliable,sensitive,selective,rapid and effective method for the detection of CN^(–).Here,a self-assembly strategy based on pillar[5]arene P5 and azine derivative AZ was used to construct supramolecular sensors,and it was found that the detection effect of CN^(–)was significantly improved by the assembly strategy.The sensitivity of the assembled sensor P5-AZ to CN^(–)is more than 10 times higher than that of AZ.The detect mechanism was further investigated by theoretical calculations and 1H NMR.The results showed that AZ detects CN–by a deprotonation process with fluorescence enhancement,while P5-AZ improves the sensitivity of CN^(–)recognition through hydrogen bonding,anion-πand anion-dipole interactions,as well as the strong bonding ability of the assembly.Supramolecular assembly P5-AZ has the advantages of low toxicity,high sensitivity,and more importantly,it provides a method to detect CN^(–)sensitivity in the aqueous phase and organisms by host-guest assembly.

Numerical Simulation of Dual-Channel Communication of Column Plasma Antenna Excited by a Surface Wave

This paper focuses on the application of plasma as wireless antenna. In order to reveal the radiation characteristics of column plasma antenna, we chose the finite-difference time- domain （FDTD） numerical analysis method to simulate radiation impedance and efficiencies of each channel for a few sets of plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies. Simulation results demonstrate that a plasma antenna shares similar characteristics with a metallic antenna in radiation impedance and efficiency of each channel when an appropriate setting is adopted. Unlike a metallic antenna, a plasma antenna is capable of realizing such functions as dynamic reconfiguration, digital control and dual-channel communication. Thus it is possible to carry out dual-channel communication by plasma antenna, indicating a new path for modern intelligent communication.

A Dual-Channel Secure Transmission Scheme for Internet-Based Networked Control Systems

Two significant issues in Internet-based networked control systems （ INCSs）, transport performance of different protocols and security breach from Internet side, are investigated. First, for improving the performance of data transmission, user datagram protocol （UDP） is adopted as the main stand for controllers and plants using INCSs. Second, a dual-channel secure transmission scheme （DCSTS）based on data transmission characteristics of INCSs is proposed, in which a raw UDP channel and a secure TCP （transmission control protocol） connection making use of SSL/TLS （secure sockets layer/transport layer security） are included. Further, a networked control protocol （NCP） at application layer for supporting DCSTS between the controllers and plants in INCSs is designed, and it also aims at providing a universal communication mechanism for interoperability of devices among the networked control laboratories in Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Central South University of China and Tokyo University of Technology of Japan. By means of a networked single-degree-of-free- dom robot arm, an INCS under the new protocol and security environment is created. Compared with systems such as IPSec or SSL/TLS, which may cause more than 91% network throughput deduction, the new DCSTS protocol may yield results ten times better, being just 5.67%.

Dual-channel redox reactions for photocatalytic H_(2)-evolution coupled with photoreforming oxidation of waste materials

Dual-channel redox reaction system is advantageous for photocatalytic hydrogen(H_(2))production when coupled with photoreforming oxidation of waste materials,benefiting both thermodynamically and kinetically.However,existing reviews primarily focus on specific oxidation reactions,such as oxidative organic synthesis and water remediation,often neglecting recent advancements in plastic upgrading,biomass conversion,and H_(2)O_(2)production,and failing to provide an in-depth discussion of catalytic mechanisms.This review addresses these gaps by offering a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in dual-channel redox reactions for photocatalytic H_(2)-evolution and waste photoreforming.It highlights waste-to-wealth design concepts,examines the challenges,advantages and diverse applications of dual-channel photocatalytic reactions,including photoreforming of biomass,alcohol,amine,plastic waste,organic pollutants,and H_(2)O_(2)production.Emphasizing improvement strategies and exploration of catalytic mechanisms,it includes advanced in-situ characterization,spin capture experiments,and DFT calculations.By identifying challenges and future directions in this field,this review provides valuable insights for designing innovative dual-channel photocatalytic systems.

考虑政府补贴与零售商过度自信的双渠道绿色供应链决策

针对当前研究较少考虑政府补贴和零售商过度自信行为同时影响双渠道绿色供应链决策的现状,基于Stackelberg博弈模型构建制造商主导的双渠道绿色供应链两阶段基准模型;考虑政府对制造商有无补贴及零售商过度自信行为,改进两阶段模型和三阶段模型,对比分析零售商过度自信和政府补贴对供应链成员决策、利润及社会总福利的影响。结果表明:政府无补贴时,随着零售商过度自信水平的增加,产品绿色度、批发价格、线上直销渠道价格、制造商利润均不断降低,而线下零售渠道价格和零售商利润的变化还取决于直销渠道市场份额以及产品绿色化效率;政府有补贴时,零售商过度自信水平对产品绿色度、线上直销渠道价格、线下零售渠道价格及社会总福利的影响被部分抵消。政府补贴在推动绿色供应链可持续发展中的作用显著,政府在规范行业行为以及绿色供应链上游企业运营决策过程中,应约束零售商过度自信可能造成的风险。

考虑消费者异质性和在线购物信任度的双渠道公益营销决策

当制造商在实体和网络两个渠道销售同质产品时,实体和网络间会产生渠道竞争。相关主体在网络渠道实施公益营销可以提升消费者的在线购物信任度从而增强网络渠道产品竞争力。公益营销的成功实施离不开异质性消费者(亲社会和非亲社会消费者)中亲社会消费者产生的温情效应。温情效应的产生影响了产品定价。网络渠道可通过决策单位捐赠金额的大小改变温情效应的强度。本文以一个制造商和一个实体分销商组成的双渠道供应链为研究对象,通过构建Stackelberg动态博弈模型研究消费者异质性和在线购物信任度对双渠道供应链公益营销决策的影响问题。研究表明:制造商在网络渠道实施公益营销加剧了渠道之间的竞争。当温情效应较大时,网络渠道可以利用公益营销,采用定高价的方式仅服务于亲社会消费者,高价产生的边际收益增加足以弥补放弃非亲社会消费者转移至实体分销渠道的利润损失;当温情效应较小时,网络渠道应该兼顾两种异质性消费者,且与不实施公益营销时相比,制造商利润以及社会福利都会增加;捐赠总金额随着消费者在线购物信任度的提高先减少后增加,当温情效应较小时,单位捐赠金额与亲社会消费者比例以及公益营销偏好程度有关,而当温情效应较大时,单位捐赠金额只与公益营销偏好程度有关。

IPV6多跳网络环境下双通道快速切换算法的构建研究

多跳网络环境下,节点的复杂性通常会对网络技术的适配性带来极大的挑战。为了提高其适应性,提出了一种双通道快速切换算法。该算法采用双通道设计和半监督学习策略,结合多头注意力机制,提高节点分类的精度和效率,同时优化网络的响应和切换时间。实验结果证明,该方法的节点分类准确率达到95.56%,相较于卷积神经网络提高35.56%~62.23%;其最佳响应时间为0.22 s,相较于卷积神经网络领先了0.52~1.03 s;最佳切换时间为0.89 s。该方法的提出和实施,尤其是在节点分类精度和网络响应时间方面的优异表现,为多跳网络IPv6技术的适应性研究提供参考思路。

竞争环境下双目标零售平台销售模式选择

电子商务行业发展迅速,具有“超越利润”战略导向以实现更广泛目标的组织正变得越来越普遍,兼顾消费者利益成为企业凸显竞争优势的方式。为此,本文构建由一个制造商和两个零售平台组成的两级供应链。其中,制造商和其中一个零售平台追求自身利润最大化,另外一个零售平台追求自身利润和消费者剩余的线性组合最大化,即考虑双目标最优。本文具体考虑两个零售平台分别选择转售模式或代理模式共四种情形,进而研究双目标零售平台销售模式选择问题,及其对供应链成员最优决策和供应链整体绩效的影响。结果表明:(1)在一定条件下,双目标零售平台能获得比竞争对手更高的利润;(2)当双目标零售平台选择转售模式时,无论其竞争对手选择哪种销售模式,其双目标策略都能使供应链总体利润得到优化;(3)当双目标零售平台的竞争对手选择代理模式时,其自身根据不同情况选择转售模式或者代理模式可以使两个零售平台的销售模式选择形成均衡。

基于双通道Transformer模型的多维信号故障诊断方法

感应电机在现代工业中有十分重要的作用。然而,电机长时间运行后会变得疲劳从而导致灾难性后果。由于电机故障诊断本质是对电机的时间信号分类,该研究提出双通道Transformer模型,该模型利用电流和振动信号进行诊断,并通过连续小波变换提取频域特征作为输入。双通道Transformer模型将数据的时域和频域信号分别通过Transformer模型,这种替代不仅可以提取时间特征,还可以提取空间特征。实验结果表明,所提出的模型可以提供高达95.36%的诊断准确率,证明其在电机故障诊断中的有效性。与传统的单信号故障诊断方法相比,该模型具有更好的鲁棒性和准确性。

基于A-BiLSTM和CNN的文本分类

为解决单一神经网络不能获取准确全局文本信息的问题,提出一种基于A-BiLSTM双通道和优化CNN的文本分类模型。A-BiLSTM双通道层使用注意力机制关注对文本分类贡献值较大的部分,并用BiLSTM提取文本中上下文语义信息;A-BiLSTM双通道层中将两者输出的特征信息融合,得到高级语义;A-BiLSTM双通道层后,使用优化CNN的强学习能力提取关键局部特征,得到最终文本特征表示。分类器输出文本信息的类别。实验结果表明,该模型分类效果优于其它对比模型,具有良好的泛化能力。

用于输电铁塔驱鸟的多源能量采集器设计与研究

鸟类在输电铁塔上筑巢、栖息或飞行的行为可能导致与输电设备的接触,从而增加了短路、火灾和停电的风险。针对驱鸟装置供电方式单一与可靠性差的问题,设计了一种多源能量采集器,将摩擦纳米发电机与太阳能电池进行了集成式设计。采用双层摩擦结构的摩擦纳米发电机来提高风能的利用率,并结合太阳能电池实现输电铁塔上风能和光能的收集。实验结果表明外层发电结构的峰值功率是4500μW,内层发电结构的峰值功率是400μW,双层摩擦结构使发电效率提高了接近10%,在氙灯光照强度为20 W/dm^(2)下太阳能电池的最大开路电压为11.2 V,最大短路电流为40 mA。同时,基于LTC3588芯片设计了一种双通道功率管理电路,将摩擦纳米发电机与太阳能电池收集的能量经过能量存储、能量管理后为用电设备稳定提供3.3 V电压。采用该多源能量采集器驱动了计算器与蜂鸣器,为驱鸟供电与传感系统提供了新思路。

国谈药品“双通道”建设路径与优化机制研究

为确保国家药品谈判政策顺利落地,提高国谈药品可及性,国谈药品“双通道”政策应运而生。政策实施以来,政府、医疗机构、定点零售药店与患者共同保障“双通道”政策的顺利落地,但在实践过程中,仍出现一些亟待解决的问题。因此,本研究在梳理国谈药品“双通道”政策执行现实困境的基础上,运用多中心治理理论和制度分析与发展框架,构建多中心治理理论视域下国谈药品“双通道”政策执行框架,提出国谈药品“双通道”政策在执行过程中多元主体的协同治理机制,为国谈药品“双通道”政策的顺利落地与实施提供参考和思路。