Research on the Innovative Decisions of Supermarket Private Brands and Designated Manufacturers

One of the core competencies of a supermarket lies in its branding.With the continuous development of the market economy and the ongoing evolution of consumer demand,private brands have progressively emerged as significant contributors to supermarket growth.However,a pivotal developmental challenge for supermarkets is navigating the innovative decision-making process between private brands and designated manufacturers.This paper aims to investigate the innovative decisions between private brands and designated manufacturers,along with the relevant promotional strategies employed during entry into the United States market.

UK manufacturers'sales decline 10%in Q12024

UK manufacturers experienced a challenging start to 2024,with sales in the first quarter(Q1)down 10 per cent on the previous quarter,according to a report by Unleashed.However,year-on-year growth showed a modest increase of 2 per cent,reflecting the Bank of England’s assessment of weak growth in the manufacturing sector.

Plant Factory Engineering Strategy of Japanese Manufacturer and Agri-Business Innovation

These days, some manufacturing enterprises which are forced to diversify management enter Agri- Business and plant factory business, make an Innovation utilizing high research and development ability and enough capital. As Agri-Business Innovation in Japan, this study examinedNK Agri, a subsidiary company of Noritsu Koki, which is a motion picture producer and machinery maker, based on Industrial Cluster Theory and Diamond Model by Michael E. Porter. The important points to enter Agri-Business of manufacturing enterprises were summed up as below. 1) New coming manufacture enterprises can form Industrial Cluster with farmhouse and foods makers, and enhance productivity and competitiveness. 2) New coming manufacture enterprises can enhance productive efficiency by collaborating with orthodox farmhouses as important partners. 3) Re- search institutions such as universities and local government should support for forming and development of Agri Industrial Cluster by manufacture enterprises. Agri Industrial Cluster by manufacture enterprises can improve local economy, so local government should prepare for the system to expand support as a policy.

Structures and Properties of Iron Matrix Composites with Tungsten Carbide Particle by EPC-V Process

In this paper the Expendable Pattern Casting with dry sand Vacuum(EPC-V) process is used to manufacture iron matrix composites with tungsten carbide particle.Microstructures of the composites layers were analyzed.The abrasive wear resistance of the composites layers were tested and compared with that of high chromium cast iron.The results show that the iron matrix composites with tungsten carbide particle have high hardness.The abrasive wear resistance of composites with tungsten carbide particle is higher than that of high chromium cast iron.The properties of the matrix materials have been improved remarkably.

Main Processes for OVS-1A &OVS-1B: From Manufacturer to User

Commercial remote sensing has boosted a new revolution in traditional processing chain. During the development of OVS-1A and OVS-1B, we construct the main processing pipeline for ground and calibration system. Since these two satellites utilize colorful video imaging pattern, the underlying video stabilization and color adjustment is vital for end user. Besides that, a full explanation is given for researchers to shed light on how to promote the imagery quality from manufacturing satellite camera to generate video products. From processing system, the demo cases demonstrate its potential to satisfy end user. Our team also releases the possible improvement for video imaging satellite in the coming future.

As Could We Assure Safety in Large-Scale Manufacturing of Nanoparticles for the Biomedical Use

Nanoparticles provide great advantages but also great risks. Risks associating with nanoparticles are the problem of all technologies, but they increase in many times in nanotechnologies. Adequate methods of outgoing production inspection are necessary to solve the problem of risks, and the inspection must be based on the safety standard. Existing safety standard results from a principle of “maximum permissible concentrations or MPC”. This principle is not applicable to nanoparticles, but a safety standard reflecting risks inherent in nanoparticles doesn’t exist. Essence of the risks is illustrated by the example from pharmacology, since its safety assurance is conceptually based on MPC and it has already come against this problem. Possible formula of safety standard for nanoparticles is reflected in many publications, but conventional inspection methods cannot provide its realization, and this gap is an obstacle to assumption of similar formulas. Therefore the development of nanoparticle industry as a whole (also development of the pharmacology in particular) is impossible without the creation of an adequate inspection method. There are suggested new inspection methods founded on the new physical principle and satisfying to the adequate safety standard for nanoparticles. These methods demonstrate that creation of the adequate safety standard and the outgoing production inspection in a large-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles are the solvable problems. However there is a great distance between the physical principle and its hardware realization, and a transition from the principle to the hardware demands great intellectual and material costs. Therefore it is desirable to call attention of the public at large to the necessity of urgent expansions of investigations associated with outgoing inspections in nanoparticles technologies. It is necessary also to attract attention, first, of representatives of state structures controlling approvals of the adequate safety standard to this problem, since it is impossible to compel producers providing the safety without the similar standard, and, second, of leaders of pharmacological industry, since their industry already entered into the nanotechnology era, and they have taken an interest in a forthcoming development of inspection methods.

China's Process and Action Framework for Transforming to a Manufacturer of Quality

China's construction of a manufacturer of quality mainly relies on infrastructure improvement, cutting-edge technological breakthroughs, manufacturing development at the enterprise, sector and region levels, and the enactment and implementation of supporting policies, which can be combined to form an action framework for the construction of building China into a manufacturer of quality. At present, there are still some weak areas in China's construction of a manufacturer of quality, such as backward technologies comparing with world's leading players in some areas, limited contributes to the formulation of international standards, insu cient invests in building a system of supporting policies concerning nance, banking and taxation, and scant attention to cultural development as a manufacturer of quality. China should attach more importance to the technological research and development in these weak areas, align its manufacturing standards system with international standards, improve its system of supporting policies concerning nance, banking and taxation, and make more e orts in the development of advanced manufacturing system.

海带面包的制作工艺

海带中含有大量的粗纤维和较多的糖类,还含有多种有机物和碘、钙、磷、铁、钴、氟等10多种矿物质元素.海带中还含有维生素A,B1,B2,D和烟酸等,其蛋白质中包含有18种氨基酸.海带淀粉硫酸酯是多糖类物质,有降血压的功效,对血管硬化、冠心病、高血压和肥胖症有一定的预防和辅助治疗作用.通过正交试验确定了海带保健面包加工工艺的最佳配方即海带粉为5%、白砂糖为8%、面包改良剂为1.2%、酵母用量为3%,并且分析了海带粉对面包质量品质的影响.此产品风味独特、营养丰富,适合于中老年人群食用.

中国制造业省区间分布的集中与分散研究

利用1980—2000年中国制造业的工业增加值数据,计算并分析各行业的区位基尼系数及其变动趋势,判断各工业行业在省区之间分布的不平衡性及其变化趋势。分析结果发现:①从1980年代到1990年代,我国26个制造业工业行业总体的空间分布趋于集中。12个分散分布型工业行业中有9个分散的程度有所收敛,9个集中分布型行业中有5个集中的程度得到加强,另有5个行业的省区分布由分散型转为集中型;②自然资源的禀赋条件对行业生产的地域集中有较大的影响;③外商直接投资的区位选择偏好及行业投资重点的差异会导致相应投资行业的生产在地理空间上的集中。

制造工艺核心论

从历史和现代的角度论述了制造技术的永恒性,阐述了人类发展和制造技术的密切关系。制造技术是一个永恒的主题,是设想、概念、科学技术物化的基础和手段,是国家经济与国防实力的体现,是国家工业化的支柱产业和关键。广义制造论是20世纪制造技术的重要发展,亦称之为“大制造”,它体现了制造概念的扩展,从制造设计一体化、材料成形机理的扩展、制造技术的综合性、多样化的制造模式、产品的全生命周期和丰富的硬软件工具、平台和支撑环境等多个方面分析了制造技术的广义性。同时重点论述了制造工艺技术的核心作用和现代制造工艺理论及技术方面的发展。最后提出了机械制造科学技术的重点发展方向。

Production Decision Based on Discounted Price and Delivery Frequency for Garment Original Equipment Manufacturer with Constrained Capacity

Original equipment manufacturers(OEM) have never been so important and powerful as it is today in garment manufacturing industry.The OEMsupplier's production decisions always have a great impact on the market performance and the profits of a garment brand manufacturer.With constrained capacity and multiply buyers,howto make reasonable production decisions is an urgent problem for OEMsuppliers.A price discount model with a single OEMsupplier and two buyers is proposed to deal with the problem.Based on this model,the OEMsupplier could satisfy buyers' demands and guarantee their profits as well through adjusting price and delivery frequency.A numerical example validates the validity of the model.

基于组合评价方法的绿色性焊接工艺规划评价研究

结合焊接工艺的特点,确立由时间T、质量Q、成本C、资源消耗R、环境影响E五个方面构成的绿色性焊接工艺规划评价指标体系,并在此基础上,建立一种将熵权法、模糊评价法分别作用于评价过程中各个阶段的组合评价方法,该方法能较好地避免评价过程中的主观性和不确定性,最后通过实例验证该方法的科学性和可行性。

钣金零件CAD/DFM集成原型系统的建立

针对钣金零件的结构特点,采用特征技术,在特征造型的基础上建立了基于Pro/E平台的钣金零件CAD/DFM集成原型系统,从而实现DFM技术在钣金零价加工领域的应用以及产品整个生命周期中设计、制造信息的共享和集成。介绍了钣金零件CAD/DFM集成系统的体系结构、设计原则和采用的关键技术,以及可制造性评价模块的评价过程;以STEP中性文件作为描述产品数据信息的源文件,以产品设计特征数据库和制造特征数据库作为获取传递产品信息的中介,从而实现CAD与DFM的真正集成。采用该系统提供的方法对零件进行工艺性和经济性评价的结果表明,将DFM技术应用于钣金加工领域可以降低产品成本、提高生产率,加快产品的上市速度。

硬齿面齿轮精密热滚挤加工技术研究

由低温形变热处理工艺原理,提出了热滚挤技术,集热处理形变表面强化和滚挤工艺为一体,实现滚切后齿轮的高效精密光整成形加工,满足制造高质量的齿面组织性能和高精度几何形状齿轮的要求。文中阐明了齿轮热滚挤的工艺原理,并建立了啮合点的运动模型和轮齿双面受力变形模型,作为探讨轮齿滚挤形变机理的基础。考虑瞬时啮合刚度的影响,对轮齿表面的塑性变形进行了仿真计算,模拟结果与实验结果有较好的一致性。最后针对轮齿加工误差提出了基于接触点运动模型的滚模齿形修正补偿方法。

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) in Automotive Applications: Environmental Relevance of the Manufacturing Stage

This study presents a state of the art of several studies dealing with the environmental impact assessment of fuel cell (FC) vehicles and the comparison with their conventional fossil-fuelled counterparts, by means of the Life Cycle As-sessment (LCA) methodology. Results declare that, depending on the systems characteristics, there are numerous envi-ronmental advantages, but also some disadvantages can be expected. In addition, the significance of the manufac-turing process of the FC, more specifically the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) type, in terms of environmental impact is presented. Finally, CIEMAT’s role in HYCHAIN European project, consisting of supporting early adopters for hydrogen FCs in the transport sector, is

Chinese Market Attracts World's PC Manufacturers

The potential Chinese market is increasingly attracting the major PC producers of the world, against a background of a forecast that the global PC market is shrinking. According to an analysis of experts with the Ministry of the Electronics Industry, the institutional demand for PCs will substantially increase with the implementation of the national economy information management system.

Modes of failure with fractional flow reserve guidewires:Insights from the manufacturer and user facility device experience database

BACKGROUND Fractional flow reserve(FFR)measurement is commonly used in the cardiac catheterization laboratory to assess the functional significance of coronary arterial plaques.Robust real-world data on complications and modes of failure of FFR guidewires are limited.AIM To characterize these outcomes by analyzing the post-marketing surveillance data from the United States Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience(MAUDE)database for commonly used FFR guidewires.METHODS The MAUDE database was queried from January 2010 through April 2020 for 3 FFR guidewires[PressureWireTM X(Abbott),CometTM(Boston Scientific),and VerrataTM(Philips)]by searching for the following events:“Injury”,“malfunction”,“death”,and“other”.This yielded 544 reports.After excluding incomplete reports,486 reports were analyzed.RESULTS Guidewire tip fracture was the most commonly reported mode of failure,in 174(35.8%)cases followed by guidewire kinking(n=152,31.3%),communication failure(n=141,29.0%),and shaft fracture(n=67,13.8%).In total,133(27.4%)device failures resulted in patient adverse events.The most common adverse event was retained guidewire tip,in 71(53.4%)cases,followed by freshly deployed stent dislodgment(n=26,19.6%)and coronary artery dissection(n=23,17.3%).Seven deaths were reported.CONCLUSION FFR guidewire failures can occur because of various mechanisms and cause patient adverse events.The MAUDE database serves as an important platform for improved collaboration among clinicians,device manufacturers,and regulators to improve device performance and optimize patient outcomes.Our analysis provides mechanistic insights of FFR guidewire failure and associated adverse events but cannot verify causality or provide a comparison among different guidewires.

多层环形钢板阻尼器的静力学研究

为了满足高温、低温、腐蚀环境特殊工况下阻尼减振的需要,对以干摩擦阻尼进行减振的阻尼器的开发一直是工程技术人员的一个主要研究方向。多层环形钢板阻尼器是借助于载荷作用下多层金属环之间的干摩擦力耗散能量,实现阻尼隔振的一种新型阻尼器。为此,从弹性力学的角度建立静力学模型,对多层环形钢板阻尼器的弹性元件进行静力学研究。通过选取应力函数对力学模型进行求解,得出此种类型阻尼隔振元件承受载荷时的力学特性,为设计及应用该种类型阻尼器提供理论依据。

骨组织工程支架的制备方法研究进展

背景:由于自体骨源的数量较少,且使用异体骨会产生免疫排斥、疾病扩散等危险,因而人造骨材料在当今的骨移植中起到了不可替代的作用。伴随着功能定制、生物相容性的要求和生物可降解材料的出现,已经出现了多样化的生物材料和多种制备方法。目的:概述目前应用于骨组织工程支架的制备方法,总结各种制备方法的优缺点、研究现状与进展。方法:使用计算机在中国知网、万方数据、PubMed及ScienceDirect数据库检索2008年1月至2023年8月关于骨组织工程支架方面的文献,以“Tissue engineering,Bone scaffold,Gas foaming,Cryotropic gelation,Additive manufacturing等”为英文检索词,以“组织工程,骨支架,气体发泡,低温凝胶,增材制造等”为中文检索词,排除无关和重复性研究,共保留80篇文献进行了总结归纳。结果与结论:①相较于传统支架的制备工艺,近年来新兴的增材制造和静电纺丝技术在用于组织工程的复杂结构如骨和软骨的生产中,表现出了巨大的潜力。②增材制造方法除了在速度、精度和使用的材料范围方面更具优势,还提供了制造高度复杂的几何形状和拓扑优化结构的可行性,实现精确调节和构造结构的高重复性。③静电纺丝是生产一系列纤维垫的最具适应性和前景的技术之一。通过静电纺丝产生的纳米纤维支架是与细胞质基质微观结构非常惊人地相似的生物材料。④目前在陶瓷材料上以羟基磷灰石和磷酸三钙应用性能较好,在高分子材料上目前材料种类多样,以生物相容性优良的材料应用较多。⑤因此,在骨组织工程支架材料的选择上应更好地了解它们的特性,避免复杂化,以生产更具增强功能的支架。然而,目前报告的绝大多数文献对临床的适用性都是探索性的,具体适合哪种疾病的治疗还有待检验。未来骨支架的发展需体现在这几个方面:与缺失骨相匹配的力学性能、降解速率可控、促进骨再生力强以及附有特定功能。