Utilization of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) with Silica Fume (SF) as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Production

This research aimed to clarify the role of by-product materials, such as CKD with SF as partial replacement by weight of cement in concrete manufacturing and inclusion on different characteristics of concrete. Concrete test specimens were mixed with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (CKD) with 15% (SF) as partial replacement by weight of Cement (CEM I-52.5N). Fresh concrete properties have been evaluated by workability measurement slump test. While hardened concrete properties have been evaluated by compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths tests at ages 7, 28 and 56 days, but evaluated for bond strength, modulus of elasticity and chemical composition measurement with X-Ray Fluorescence at age of 28 days. The test results have revealed that the increase of CKD amount with fixed amount of SF in concrete mixtures as partial replacement by weight of cement leads to gradual decrease of fresh concrete workability. In concrete mixtures, 20% CKD in the presence of 15% SF as partial replacement by the weight of cement are the optimum ratios which can be used without any negative effect on mechanical properties compressive, indirect tensile, flexural and bond strength at all the ages of concrete. Also modulus of elasticity and bond strength increased by 8.81% and 0.69% respectively at the age 28 days compared with control mixture.

Reactivity of Fine Quartz in Presence of Silica Fume and Slag

Dune sand is a very abundant material in south of Algeria. Its high silica content gives a partial pozzolanic reactivity due to its crystalline state. This paper investigates the evolution of cement hydration based on a binary addition particularly the reactivity of dune sand finely ground in the presence of an amorphous addition: silica fume or blast furnace slag. Thus, four combinations of binary additions by substitution have been chosen. The X-ray diffraction analyses performed on cement pastes containing additions have shown the importance of the mineralogy and silica content of additions on their pozzolanic reactivity. Dune sand becomes reactive at long term, especially when associated up to 10% of amorphous addition (blast furnace slag or silica fume). It results an increasing in mechanical strength of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) and an improvement of the microstructure.

Green synthesis of ZSM-5 using silica fume and catalytic co-cracking of lignin and plastics for production of monocyclic aromatics

ZSM-5 with hierarchical pore structure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal crystallization from silica fume without using any organic ammonium templates.The synthesized ZSM-5 were oval shaped particles with a particle size about 2.0 μm and weak acid-dominated with proper Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites.The ZSM-5 was used for catalytic co-cracking of n-octane and guaiacol,lowdensity polyethylene(LDPE)and alkali lignin(AL)to enhance the production of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene(BTEX).The most significant synergistic effect occurred at n-octane/guaiacol at 1:1 and LDPE/AL at 1:3,under the condition,the achieved BTEX selectivity were 24%and 33%(mass)higher than the calculated values(weighted average).The highest BTEX selectivity reached 88.5%,which was 3.7%and 54.2%higher than those from individual cracking LDPE and AL.The synthesized ZSM-5 exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to the commercial ZSM-5,indicating potential application prospect.

Study of the reaction mechanism for preparing powdered activated coke with SO_(2)adsorption capability via one-step rapid activation method under flue gas atmosphere

In this study,the impact of different reaction times on the preparation of powdered activated carbon(PAC)using a one-step rapid activation method under flue gas atmosphere is investigated,and the underlying reaction mechanism is summarized.Results indicate that the reaction process of this method can be divided into three stages:stage I is the rapid release of volatiles and the rapid consumption of O_(2),primarily occurring within a reaction time range of 0-0.5 s;stage II is mainly the continuous release and diffusion of volatiles,which is the carbonization and activation coupling reaction stage,and the carbonization process is the main in this stage.This stage mainly occurs at the reaction time range of 0.5 -2.0 s when SL-coal is used as material,and that is 0.5-3.0 s when JJ-coal is used as material;stage III is mainly the activation stage,during which activated components diffuse to both the surface and interior of particles.This stage mainly involves the reaction stage of CO_(2)and H2O(g)activation,and it mainly occurs at the reaction time range of 2.0-4.0 s when SL-coal is used as material,and that is 3.0-4.0 s when JJ-coal is used as material.Besides,the main function of the first two stages is to provide more diffusion channels and contact surfaces/activation sites for the diffusion and activation of the activated components in the third stage.Mastering the reaction mechanism would serve as a crucial reference and foundation for designing the structure,size of the reactor,and optimal positioning of the activator nozzle in PAC preparation.

PVC/弹性体/气相法白炭黑复合体系的结构与性能

用韧性贡献率探讨了弹性体氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、纳米级气相法白炭黑(SiO2 )对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的协同增韧效果,并用电子显微镜(SEM、TEM)观察了冲击断面和超薄切片的形貌。结果表明,适合的加工工艺和SiO2 表面硅羟基与PVC基体之间的相互作用使未经表面处理的气相法白炭黑能以纳米级均匀分散在基体中;PVC/CPE/SiO2(10 0 /6/4 )的10 %热失重温度比纯PVC高9℃。

One-step quantum dialogue

Quantum dialogue(QD)enables two communication parties to directly exchange secret messages simultaneously.In conventional QD protocols,photons need to transmit in the quantum channel for two rounds.In this paper,we propose a one-step QD protocol based on the hyperentanglement.With the help of the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted Bell state measurement(BSM),the photons only need to transmit in the quantum channel once.We prove that our one-step QD protocol is secure in theory and numerically simulate its secret message capacity under practical experimental condition.Compared with previous QD protocols,the one-step QD protocol can effectively simplify the experiment operations and reduce the message loss caused by the photon transmission loss.Meanwhile,the non-local hyperentanglement-assisted BSM has a success probability of 100%and is feasible with linear optical elements.Moreover,combined with the hyperentanglement heralded amplification and purification,our protocol is possible to realize long-distance one-step QD.

严格的环保标准是SO_2污染治理和控制的重要依据和推动力

火电厂排放的二氧化硫形成的酸雨已严重危害人类的生存环境,国家由此重新修订了《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》,严格了火电厂SO2排放的控制要求,强制要求火电厂必须安装烟气脱硫装置。本文从我国实际情况出发,比较分析了干法、半干法和湿法脱硫技术工艺,提出了适合有色金属企业—氧化铝厂配套建设的热电厂的烟气脱硫方法。

烹调油烟对职业接触人群血脂水平影响的研究

目的:探讨烹调油烟对职业接触人群氧化抗氧化水平、免疫功能及遗传毒性等方面的影响。方法:通过问卷调查筛选出广州市东山区110名餐饮业从业人员作为研究对象,测定血脂六项、血常规。结果:血脂六项中的总胆固醇(CHOL)、载脂蛋白B(apoB)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL),血常规中的白细胞水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而肺活量及其他项目二组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。而且烹调油烟接触组的CHOL、apoB、LDL与其接触工龄呈显著正相关。结论:烹调油烟可影响机体的氧化抗氧化平衡,具有一定的遗传毒性,可能有免疫抑制作用,对肺功能的影响有待进一步研究。

Non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery with one-step nucleic acid amplification for early gastrointestinal tumors:Personal experience and literature review

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery is a safe,organ-sparing surgery that achieves full-thickness resection with adequate margins.Recent studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these procedures.However,these techniques are limited by the exposure of the tumor and mucosa to the peritoneal cavity,which could lead to viable cancer cell seeding and the spillage of gastric juice or enteric liquids into the peritoneal cavity.Non-exposed endoscopic wallinversion surgery(NEWS)is highly accurate in determining the resection margins to prevent intraperitoneal contamination because the tumor is inverted into the visceral lumen instead of the peritoneal cavity.Accurate intraoperative assessment of the nodal status could allow stratification of the extent of resection.One-step nucleic acid amplification(OSNA)can provide a rapid method of evaluating nodal tissue,whilst nearinfrared laparoscopy together with indocyanine green can identify relevant nodal tissue intraoperatively.AIM To determine the safety and feasibility of NEWS in early gastric and colon cancers and of adding rapid intraoperative lymph node(LN)assessment with OSNA.METHODS The patient-based experiential portion of our investigations was conducted at the General and Oncological Surgery Unit of the St.Giuseppe Moscati Hospital(Avellino,Italy).Patients with early-stage gastric or colon cancer(diagnosed via endoscopy,endoscopic ultrasound,and computed tomography)were included.All lesions were treated by NEWS procedure with intraoperative OSNA assay between January 2022 and October 2022.LNs were examined intraoperatively with OSNA and postoperatively with conventional histology.We analyzed patient demographics,lesion features,histopathological diagnoses,R0 resection(negative margins)status,adverse events,and follow-up results.Data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS A total of 10 patients(5 males and 5 females)with an average age of 70.4±4.5 years(range:62-78 years)were enrolled in this study.Five patients were diagnosed with gastric cancer.The remaining 5 patients were diagnosed with early-stage colon cancer.The mean tumor diameter was 23.8±11.6 mm(range:15-36 mm).The NEWS procedure was successful in all cases.The mean procedure time was 111.5±10.7 min(range:80-145 min).The OSNA assay revealed no LN metastases in any patients.Histologically complete resection(R0)was achieved in 9 patients(90.0%).There was no recurrence during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION NEWS combined with sentinel LN biopsy and OSNA assay is an effective and safe technique for the removal of selected early gastric and colon cancers in which it is not possible to adopt conventional endoscopic resection techniques.This procedure allows clinicians to acquire additional information on the LN status intraoperatively.

Enhancing Concrete Properties Using Silica Fume:Optimized Mix Design

In the current work concrete mixes containing(7.0-33.11)weight%silica fume as fractional substitution of cement with water/cement ratio(0.42-0.48)were formulated conferring to an implemented two factorial central composite design.The samples were water cured for 7,28,56,and 90 days.The samples were tested for compressive strength and density.The experimental results approved that compressive strength and density increase with age and with rising silica fume content up to 11.9 wt.%.Response surface analysis results for samples cured for 28 days confirmed that silica fume concrete with developed compressive strength(53.42 MPa)could be prepared by incorporation of 11.9 wt.%silica fume as a substituent for cement using a 0.42 water/cement ratio.An intensification in compressive strength and density(up to 39.3%and 2.6%)respectively was recorded for silica fume concrete mixes in contrast to Portland cement concrete.Overall,the research findings revealed that silica fume concretes prepared with appropriate silica fume content and water/cement ratio exhibited superior strength and density features candidate them to be used effectively in civil engineering structural applications.

Mechanisms of Lung Cancer Caused By Cooking Fumes Exposure： A Minor Review

煮的烟(CF ) 是许多有毒的部件的混合物，例如醛，杂环的胺，多不的芳香的烃，胖喷雾器和微粒事。CF 暴露被证明了与许多疾病被联系。肺癌症带头在疾病之中的地方正在被报导由 CF 暴露引起了。分子、生物化学的研究发现了 CF 暴露可以由基因损坏，反应的氧种类的形成，相关蛋白质功能的阻塞，和甚至房间死亡导致肺癌症。然而，关于 CF 暴露怎么导致肺癌症的机制的评论仍然正在缺乏。CF 暴露引起的肺癌症的机制的说明可以提供新卓见进 CF 暴露引起的肺癌症的预防，以及为 CF 的毒性学习打基础。在这次要的评论， CF 暴露怎么导致肺癌症的机制被总结并且讨论。

Clinical Research on Alleviating Pain for Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Their Active Function by Acupuncture with Chinese Medicine Fuming and Steaming

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical effect of acupuncture combined with TCM fumigation on pain and active function improvement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. METHODS: 42 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were selected in hospital from October 2016 to October 2017, who were randomly divided into 2 groups by number table method. 21 patients received conventional treatment as control group. 21 patients combined with acupuncture, TCM fumigation treatment as observation group. Clinical indicators, activity function, pain scores were evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, BASDAI score, BASFI score, VAS score after treatment decreased in two groups compared with before treatment(P<0.05). Chest mobility, lumbar pitch, Schober test, occipital wall distance, lumbar lateral flexion after treatment increased in two groups compared with before treatment(P<0.05). Refers to distance, morning stiffness time, rump length after treatment reduced in two groups compared with before treatment(P<0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, BASDAI score, BASFI score, VAS score in observation group were lower than control group after treatment(P<0.05). Chest mobility, lumbar pitch, Schober test, occipital wall distance, lumbar lateral flexion in observation group were higher than control group after treatment(P<0.05). Refers to distance, rump length in observation group were smaller than control group after treatment(P<0.05). Morning stiffness time in observation group was less than control group after treatment(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture combined with TCM fumigation can significantly improve pain and active function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Developing super-hydrophobic and corrosion-resistant coating on magnesium-lithium alloy via one-step hydrothermal processing

Formation of super-hydrophobic and corrosion-resistant coatings can provide significant corrosion protection to magnesium alloys.However,it remains a grand challenge to produce such coatings for magnesium-lithium alloys due to their high chemical reactivity.Herein,a one-step hydrothermal processing was developed using a stearic-acid-based precursor medium,which enables the hydrothermal conversion and the formation of low surface energy materials concurrently to produce the super-hydrophobic and corrosion-resistant coating.The multiscale microstructures with nanoscale stacks and microscale spheres on the surface,as well as the through-thickness stearates,lead to the super-hydrophobicity and excellent corrosion resistance of the obtained coating.

One-step green method to prepare progressive burning gun propellant through gradient denitration strategy

Gradiently denitrated gun propellant(GDGP)prepared by a“gradient denitration”strategy is obviously superior in progressive burning performance to the traditional deterred gun propellant.Currently,the preparation of GDGP employed a tedious two-step method involving organic solvents,which hinders the large-scale preparation of GDGP.In this paper,GDGP was successfully prepared via a novelty and environmentally friendly one-step method.The obtained samples were characterized by FT-IR,Raman,SEM and XPS.The results showed that the content of nitrate groups gradiently increased from the surface to the core in the surface layer of GDGP and the surface layer of GDGP exhibited a higher compaction than that of raw gun propellant,with a well-preserved nitrocellulose structure.The denitration process enabled the propellant surface with regressive energy density and good progressive burning performance,as confirmed by oxygen bomb and closed bomb test.At the same time,the effects of different solvents on the component loss of propellant were compared.The result showed that water caused the least component loss.Finally,the stability of GDGP was confirmed by methyl-violet test.This work not only provided environmentally friendly,simple and economic preparation of GDGP,but also confirmed the stability of GDGP prepared by this method.

某有机化学实验室项目通风空调系统设计

有机化学实验往往会产生对人体有害的气体,有效的通风空调系统可以避免有害物泄漏,以保证实验人员在工作环境里的安全和健康。不同的有机化学实验室要求不同,其通风空调系统设计也有相应的不同要求。合成实验室通风量大,但对房间温湿度要求不高;分析仪器实验室中仪器设备较多,发热量较大,且对环境温湿度有一定的要求。本文结合某实际工程,对不同功能化学实验室通风量的确定、新风送风温度及空调设置情况和通风系统控制进行了介绍。

Heat Transfer Analysis During "One-Step" Directional Solidification Process for Giant Magnetostrictive Materials

By theoretical analysis of heat transfer during the "one-step" directional solidification process, the functional relation between the temperature in solid-liquid interface and its effect factor was studied. The thermal gradient in solid liquid interface and heat transfer coefficient between the samples and surroundings were also calculated. On the basis of the above analysis, some suggestions for improving the thermal gradient in solid-liquid interface were put forward. It will provide a theoretical instruction for preparing high performance giant magnetostrictive materials (GMM).

Effect of Different Silica Fumes on Properties of Al_(2)O_(3)-SiC-C Castables for Iron Trough

In order to improve the performance of Al_(2)O_(3)-SiC-C castables for iron trough,samples were prepared using brown corundum,dense corundum,activated alumina micropowder,ball pitch,and silicon as main raw materials,calcium aluminate cement as the binder.Several kinds of silica fumes(93SiO_(2),96SiO_(2),and 99SiO_(2))with different particle size distributions and chemical composition were added to research the effects on the properties of castables.The results show that the sample with 99SiO_(2) fume has high water requirement for molding,but the bulk density is the lowest,the apparent porosity is the highest,the oxidation resistance is the worst,and the permanent linear change on heating is low after firing at 1 450 ℃ for 3 h.The bulk density and the apparent porosity of the sample with 93SiO_(2) fume or 96SiO_(2) fume are equivalent,the hot modulus of rupture of the sample with 93SiO_(2) fume is the lowest,and the slag resistance of the sample with 96SiO_(2) fume is the best.The comprehensive performance of the sample with 96SiO_(2) fume is the best.

Development and Validation of Multiplex One-Step Real-Time TaqManqRT-PCR Assays for Detection and Quantification of Arboviral Encephalitis Viruses

Arboviral encephalitis is a group of animal and human illness that is mostly caused by several distinct families of viruses including orthobunya virus, phlebovirus, flaviviruses, and the alphaviruses. Although specific signs and symptoms vary by the type of central nervous system (CNS), initial signs and symptoms are very similar. Therefore rapid immunologic and molecular tools for differential diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis viruses are important for effective case management and control of the spread of encephalitis. The qRT-PCR assay, especially multiplex PCR, has the potential to produce considerable savings in time and resources in the laboratory detection. Meanwhile, the use of IC can prevent false negatives effectively by monitoring the processes of nucleic acid extraction and amplification. This report describes the development of a panel of internally controlled multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays in which two virus specific-probe sets were used in the same reaction for the detection of 15 species arboviral encephalitis viruses: the comparative sensitivity of multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays to single plex one-step qRT-PCR assays as well as one-step RT-PCR assays for detection of each viral species. And total of 150 human serum samples were detected to evaluate the multiplex one-step qRT-PCR assays. These multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assays with IC were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, linearity, precision, specificity, and also field samples including serum and vector. These assays can detect and differentiate arboviral encephalitis viruses by high throughput, sensitive, and specific way. It is useful for clinical management and outbreak control of arboviral encephalitis viruses and vector surveillance.

改性硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆力学性能及耐久性能研究

过快的流动度损失和后期不稳定的强度发展限制了硫铝酸盐水泥工程中的进一步应用。因此以葡萄糖酸钠作为缓凝剂,掺入硅灰制备成改性硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆,并对其工作性能、力学性能和抗氯离子渗透性能开展了系统研究。研究结果表明:葡萄糖酸钠掺量0.4%可有效延长硫铝酸盐水泥砂浆凝结时间,提高砂浆流动性和抗氯离子渗透性能;硫铝酸盐砂浆工作性能、力学性能和抗氯离子渗透性能均随硅灰掺量的增加先提高后降低,硅灰最优掺量为20%。

One-step ethylene separation from ternary C_(2) hydrocarbon mixture with a robust zirconium metal-organic framework

One-step separation of high-purity ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))from C_(2) hydrocarbon mixture is critical but challenging because of the very similar molecular sizes and physical properties of C_(2)H_(4),ethane(C_(2)H_(6)),and acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).Herein,we report a robust zirconium metal-organic framework(MOF)Zr-TCA(H3TCA=4,4',4"-tricarboxytriphenylamine)with suitable pore size(0.6 nm×0.7 nm)and pore environment for direct C_(2)H_(4) purification from C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(6) gas-mixture.Computational studies indicate that the abundant oxygen atoms and non-polar phenyl rings created favorable pore environments for the preferential binding of C_(2)H_(2) and C_(2)H_(6) over C_(2)H_(4).As a result,Zr-TCA exhibits not only high C_(2)H_(6)(2.28 mmol·g^(-1))and C_(2)H_(2)(2.78 mmol·g^(-1))adsorption capacity but also excellent C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4)(2.72)and C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)(5.64)selectivity,surpassing most of one-step C_(2)H_(4) purification MOF materials.Dynamic breakthrough experiments confirm that Zr-TCA can produce high-purity C_(2)H_(4)(>99.9%)from a ternary gas mixture(1/9/90 C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(4))in a single step with a high C_(2)H_(4) productivity of 5.61 L·kg^(-1).