On Erection of Shiplock Miter Gate

The extreme large miter gates of TGP permanent shiplock are of great difficulty in erection,in view of the stringent requirement of precision control and the complicated components.The major erection problems,such as the erection measurement control, the selection of erection position of gate leaf,welding and deformation manipulation,the erection of back tie rods,the installation of apex pintle and prestressing anchorages,etc., had been carefully deliberated, and the optimized approaches were adopted.The erection practice of the miter gate at No.1 lock head shows that the adopted erection technology is safe,reliable and effective, and it may be used for reference for similar miter gates.

Research on the stiffening girder erection sequence of three-tower suspension bridge

Compared to the conventional two-tower suspension bridge, the three-tower suspension bridge has obviously different characteristics in structural performance because of the extra middle tower and main span. The construction sequence for the stiffening girder is significantly different between the three-tower suspension bridge and the two-tower suspension bridge. The tangential angle of the main cable is one of the controlling factors of the stiffening girder erection stage for a suspension bridge. According to 5 feasible cases for the stiffening girder erection scheme in Taizhou Bridge, the research about the tangential angle in each case mentioned above was made, and some factors that should be taken into account for the erection scheme of stiffening girder were pointed out.

Age-Specific Clinical Features of Erectile Dysfunction

Sexual health can be considered as a mirror of general health and, in turn, general health is a prerequisite for sexual heath. The aim of this study was to compare the different clinical features of erectile dysfunction (ED) in young and elderly males. From June 2011 to December 2011, 224 patients were included and divided into two groups. Elderly ED group consisted of 120 patients with ED and all were 61 - 90 years old, and young ED group consisted of 104 patients with ED and all were 21 - 45 years old. Questionnaires, physical examination, blood sample test, ultrasound monitor, time of achieving erection (TAE), intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), ECG and penis-brachial blood pressure index (PBI) were investigated. There were significant differences between the two groups, regarding the top three complications, the body mass index (BMI), International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) scores, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) total scores, TAE, IELT and PBI. We concluded that clinical features of ED were age-specific, which will be helpful for treatment strategies and evaluation of the treatment efficacy.

A Virtual Erection Simulation System for a Steel Structure Based on 3-D Measurement Data

虚拟勃起模拟系统为包括轮船和海洋植物块的钢结构被解释。模拟系统预言了勃起状态基于 3-D 测量数据优化块的任何差距或重叠。块被修改(切割) 在由鹤树立他们前在地面上根据模拟结果。re-cutting 过程没被要求，块快速地被树立进一艘母舰。因此，勃起时间被减少，增加船坞周转。

矮寨大桥先导索架设方法

悬索桥先导索架设在国、内外已有水上牵引架设、空中牵引架设和陆地人工拖拉等多种方法。矮寨大桥为一座主跨1176 m钢桁加劲梁单跨悬索桥,地处高山峡谷,桥下无通航条件,经对4种方案综合比选,采用遥控飞艇牵引法架设先导索。先导索架设采用茶洞岸放绳、吉首岸收绳的单循环方式,一级引绳由飞艇牵引到位,再通过3次转换对接和机械牵引,实现二～四级引绳的架设。实践表明,对跨越山区峡谷的悬索桥,遥控飞艇牵引法架设先导索是一种安全、经济、有效的方法。

Selective control by posterior spinal nerve roots of micturition and erection in rats

The posterior rootlets in L6 and S1 spinal cord of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent electrostimulation. The bladder pressure, urethral perfusion pressure and intracavernous pressure were recorded. When some posterior rootlets of L6 and Sl were electrostimulated, the intracavernous pressure peaked rapidly, but the bladder pressure and the urethral perfusion pressure curve did not show great change. When other rootlets were stimulated, the bladder pressure changed greatly, but the urethral perfusion pressure and the intracavernous pressure did not show great change. When different rootlets were stimulated, the urethral perfusion pressure changed maximally, but there were no great changes in bladder pressure or intracavernous pressure. Furthermore, stimulation of some rootlets produced simultaneous changes in two or three different pressure measures mentioned above. The results demonstrate that regulation by L6 and S1 posterior rootlets of the rat bladder detrusor, external urethral sphincter and penis cavernous body are significantly distinct. Different rootlets can be distinguished by electrostimulation.

Effects of castration and testosterone replacement on veno-occlusion during penile erection in the rat

Aim: To determine if androgens directly regulate veno-occlusion or if androgens act indirectly to maintain the penilestructures which control outflow. Methods: Using CASTRATE and TESTO rats, measurement was made of meanarterial pressure (MAP), intracavernosal pressure (CCP), and intracavernosal flow (CCF) during erection resultingfrom stimulation of the autonomic innervation of the penis. CCP and CCF were also measured during saline infusioninto the cavernosal sinuses before and after treatment with sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor drag) tofully relax cavernosal smooth muscle. Penile tissue was also collected to measure the content of α actin and proline andhydroxyproline to determine if brief withdrawal of androgenic support led to changes in the number of smooth musclecells or the collagen content of the tissue. Results: Infusion of saline into the cavernosal sinuses demonstrated thatveno-occlusion was defective in CASTRATE rats while reno-occlusion was fully functional in TESTO animals.Furthermore, veno-occlusion could be induced in CASTRATE rats if they were first treated with SNP. Thisobservation suggests that failure of veno-occlusion in the CASTRATE rats is due to a deficiency in the production of NOresulting in a reduction in the degree of relaxation of the penile smooth muscle. The measurements of smooth muscleα actin and proline and hydroxyproline content of collagen showed that both were unaffected by castration and that thebasic structure of the penis did not degenerate after one week without androgenic support. Conclusion: Theseresults can be interpreted to mean that androgens control the veno-occlusive mechanism indirectly via a NO dependentmechanism and not by maintaining the structures of the penis which are essential to reno-occlusion.

A 35-Year-Old Man Presenting Sleep-Related Painful Erections (Erpes): A Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction: Erectile episodes occurring in the night time are considered normal and are usually related to the REM sleep. Spontaneous painful erections are unusual but they can have a great impact in the patient’s quality of sleep and, for consequence, quality of life. Report: We present a patient who has been presenting painful erections which wake him up almost every night. We discuss the workup and treatment offered to the patient, as well as the short-time response and two months follow-up. Discussion: Although studies still do not explain this relationship, nocturnal erections occur only during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which can be confirmed by polysomnography accompanied by Nocturnal Penile Tumescence testing or RigiScan test. However, diagnosis can be established based exclusively on clinical aspects. Based on all literature reviewed, the initial treatment should safely consist in improvement in sleep architecture and pelvis muscles relaxation. Conclusion: After the first suspicion, polysomnography with rigidity measurements of nocturnal erections should be considered although clinical diagnosis and therapeutic test may be acceptable. The management we suggest is usually effective, well tolerated and sustained.

我国城市地下空间盾构法隧道工程技术新进展

基于盾构施工特点,对盾构法施工技术的发展过程和创新进展进行调查研究,总结盾构法施工技术在地铁、市政公路、城市铁路、城市水工隧洞、城市综合管廊等工程中的最新应用,阐述城市盾构法隧道在地质条件多样化、越江跨海常态化、结构断面多元化、地面条件复杂化、隧道结构耐久性等方面面临的技术挑战。介绍超大直径盾构装备、大直径泥水盾构常压换刀、多模盾构、类矩形盾构隧道建造、联络通道机械法施工、软硬极端悬殊地层掘进、富水砂卵石地层土压平衡盾构、地下高地震烈度盾构隧道减隔震抗震和超长距离综合施工等技术创新成果;总结不良地质识别、设备状态实时感知、同步推拼连续掘进、盾构自动驾驶技术、盾构智能化管控平台等盾构智能掘进技术进展;指出城市地下空间建设盾构法隧道工程的发展趋势,地铁隧道、城市道路、综合管廊、城市给排水等设施需要不断更新,并网络化,盾构法隧道技术需要不断发展,盾构法隧道智能化施工需日趋精益。未来盾构装备将朝着“多模式、无刀化、外星化”等多元化,多源信息感知、管片智能拼装、地质探测预报、自主感知掘进决策等智能化以及特大直径、超长距离、超大埋深、超高水压等方向发展。

Regaining of morning erection and sexual confidence in patients with erectile dysfunction

Aim： To investigate how erectile dysfunction （ED） medications affect morning erection in patients with ED and how they respond to the return of morning erection. Methods： This study was conducted in 120 patients who experienced successful intercourse with either tadalafil or sildenafil. Using a random face-to-face interview and a questionnaire （about the quality and number of days getting morning erection after using the two medications）, the impact of the medications on the morning erections was investigated, and the participants were asked about their feelings on regaining morning erection. Results： Of the respondents, 81% （68% of those with sildenafil and 99% of those with tadalafil） experienced morning erections after taking an oral ED medication. The men who took tadalafil mainly for 2 days with one dose, while those who took sildenafil experienced morning erections mainly for 1 day. The major sentiment upon regaining a morning erection was, ＂having more confidence as a man＂ （74%）. Among the 96 respondents who experienced morning erections with tadalafil, 52% preferred tadalafil over sildenafil, not only because of freedom from concerns about a specific time to have relations, but also regaining morning erection. Conclusion： Regaining a morning erection affects the recovery of confidence as a man and influences the preference for tadalafil over sildenafil.

Characteristics of sildenafil erections in healthy young men

Aim： To determine the effect of sildenafil citrate on the nocturnal penile erections （i.e. time to onset, the duration of erection, and the interval between first and second erections） of healthy young men. Methods： Twenty-two potent men, 23-29 years old, were recruited for the study. All subjects completed three sessions over consecutive nights using the RigiScan monitoring device （Dacomed, Minneapolis, USA）. After a first night of adaptation, night 2 records were their baseline values, and on night 3 they received 100 mg of sildenafil citrate. Statistical comparisons were done between the second and third night data. Results： The mean time to onset of the first erection with sildenafil citrate was （34 ± 18） min, whereas it was （74 ± 24） min （P 〈 0.001） without sildenafil citrate. The number of erections observed during the first 5 h after sildenafil citrate medication was 3.6 ± 0.5 in contrast to 2.4 ± 0.5 with no medica- tion （P = 0.001）. The interval between first and second erections was shorter with sildenafil citrate： （52 ± 26） min vs. （85 ± 34） min （P = 0.01）. The duration of the last erection was statistically significantly longer with the sildenafil citrate： （64 ± 33） min vs. （42 ± 28） min （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： Healthy young men achieved erection within 34 min after sildenafil citrate administration, which is shorter than the 1 h interval proposed by the manufacturer. The interval between the first and second erections was shorter and the duration of the last nocturnal erection was longer.

Effect of sildenafil citrate on penile erection of rhesus macaques

Aim: To examine the effect of sildenafil citrate on penile erection of male rhesus macaque. Methods: Twenty Macaca mulatta were divided into the sildenafil treated and the control groups of 10 animals each. The penile size, the corpus cavernosal electromyogram (EMG) and the intra-corpus cavernosal pressure (ICP) were determined. Results: The diameter of penis and the ICP were significantly increased and the corpus cavernosal EMG significantly reduced in the sildenafil group. Conclusion: Sildenafil citrate increases the penile size and ICP and reduces the corpus cavernosal EMG in male rhesus macaque.

Research on the Related Factors of the Second Molar Dislocation and Orthodontic Erect Method

The second molar dislocation is more common clinically.To investigate the related factors of the second permanent molar dislocation,and provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics.From the current clinical research,the clinical methods of orthodontic erect secondary molars are also diverse and clinical.The narrower first molar alveolar arch width,smaller ANB angle,and crowded maxillary posterior segment arch are the factors that cause the maxillary second permanent molar dislocation.The narrow alveolar arch width,the smaller SNB angle,the larger ANB angle,and the crowded lower mandibular arch are the factors leading to the dislocation of the mandibular second permanent molar.In addition,for the second mandibular molar malposition,it is particularly important to select the corrective treatment plan.It is especially important to improve the treatment.

武汉青山长江公路大桥宽幅钢箱梁悬臂拼装横向线形匹配技术

武汉青山长江公路大桥主桥为主跨938 m的双塔双索面全飘浮体系斜拉桥,主跨整体式钢箱梁高4.5 m、全宽48 m,采用500 t架梁吊机分节段悬臂拼装架设。钢箱梁悬臂拼装时,架梁吊机站位节段、待架节段由于荷载及约束不同,横截面变形呈现出不同的趋势,线形匹配难度大。为解决该问题,主跨钢箱梁悬臂拼装时选择上、下游分体式架梁吊机,减少架梁吊机自重;经比选选择横桥向27.7 m间距的架梁吊机站位,减小了架梁吊机荷载对横向线形匹配的影响;通过设置顶压装置(由顶压牛腿、支承底座组成),在架梁吊机站位节段、待架节段钢箱梁边腹板处施加1500 kN顶压力,配合少量马板,一次加载完成对接口竖向变形匹配调整。施工后,钢箱梁横向线形匹配精度均满足要求。

Three-dimensional nonlinear flutter analysis of long-span suspension bridges during erection

In this work, the aerodynamic stability of the Yichang Suspension Bridge over Yangtze River during erection was determined by three-dimensional nonlinear flutter analysis, in which the nonlinearities of structural dynamic characteristics and aeroelastic forces caused by large deformation are fully considered. An interesting resuh obtained was that the bridge was more stable when the stiffening girders were erected in a non-symmetrical manner as opposed to the traditional symmetrical erection schedule. It was also found that the severe decrease in the aerodynamic stability was due to the nonlinear effects. Therefore, the nonlinear factors should be considered accurately in aerodynamic stability analysis of long-span suspension bridges during erection.

Physiological significance of nitrergic transmission in human penile erection

Aim: Epididymal proteins are known to play an important role in the maturation of spermatozoa, we ought to deter-mine if there are regional differences in androgen-dependent epididymal proteins. Methods: A group of adult rats wascastrated and epididymides were removed three days following castration. The epididymides were dissected into caput,corpus and cauda segments, homogenized, and proteins were fractionated by anion exchange HPLC. Proteins in select-ed fractions were resolved by SDS-PAGE and visualized by silver staining. Results: It was observed that the levels ofmultiple proteins drastically reduced in the various regions of epididymis of the orchiectomized rats. Conclusion: Theepididymal proteins appear to be useful markers to study androgenic action in the epididymis.

40m双线预应力混凝土箱梁设计与施工

根据《新建时速200km客货共线铁路设计暂行规定》的要求,结合浙赣铁路抚河双线特大桥建设实际,首先详细介绍了40m双线预应力混凝土箱梁为满足造桥机施工而进行的结构设计情况,然后对该结构的施工阶段和成桥进行了有限元分析,认为这种结构设计能满足《新建时速200km客货共线铁路设计暂行规定》的要求,最后介绍造桥机节段拼装40m箱梁的施工方案。

Potentiation of apomorphine effect on sildenafil-induced penile erection in conscious rabbits

Aim: To investigate a possible potentiation effect of apomorphine (APO) on sildenafil-induced penile erection in the conscious rabbit. Methods: Erection of male New Zealand White rabbits (3.5-4.0 kg, n=12) was assessed by measuring the length of the uncovered penile mucosa and the duration of erection before and after intravenous administration of agents. After injection of APO (0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg), sildenafil was administered intravenously in a dose-response manner (0.5, 1 and 5 mg/kg). In additional experiments, the effect of increasing doses of sildenafil in combination with APO on systemic blood pressure was evaluated. Results: Systemic administration of sildenafil induced a dose-dependent increase in the penile length. Intravenous injection of APO alone did not produce any change in the penile length, while significantly enhanced the penile erection induced by sildenafil. The co-administration of 0.1 mg/kg of APO and 1 mg/kg of sildenafil was found to be the most effective combination in producing penile erection. Intravenous administration of sildenafil caused a concentration-dependent decrease in systemic blood pressure, but no additional decrease was observed with co-administration of APO. Conclusion: APO enhances the penile erection induced by sildenafil in the conscious rabbit without causing an additional decrease in blood pressure.

深中通道中山大桥主桥超宽大节段钢箱梁吊装匹配技术

深中通道中山大桥主桥为主跨580 m的双塔双索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,主梁采用流线型扁平钢箱梁,梁宽46 m(含风嘴),主梁共划分69个节段,标准段长18 m、最大吊重约429 t,采用桥面吊机双悬臂吊装。由于钢箱梁节段自重大、宽度较大、横桥向竖向刚度较小等,在桥面吊机悬臂吊装过程中,会出现钢箱梁匹配面高差过大(最大约63 mm)的问题。为解决该问题,实现梁段精确匹配安装,提出3种钢箱梁吊装匹配方案:“门架+拉索”方案、“牛腿反力架”方案、“一字梁锁定+C形焊缝+部分张拉斜拉索”方案。经有限元仿真分析综合比选,最终选择“一字梁锁定+C形焊缝+部分张拉斜拉索”方案。该方案以箱梁竖腹板为定位点,提前焊接一字梁,采用法兰连接后锁定待拼梁段,部分焊接拼接面内箱梁形成C形焊缝;通过提前挂索并张拉部分斜拉索,减小匹配面已拼梁段横桥向竖向变形,达到箱梁匹配要求。施工中采取了匹配高差调节、局部应力控制、拼接缝宽控制等关键技术,最终将该桥钢箱梁匹配面高差减小至9.8 mm以内,钢箱梁局部应力可控,斜拉索初张过程中钢箱梁应力增量小于10 MPa,且各箱梁节段拼接缝宽可控制在1 cm以内。

Recent insights into androgen action on the anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection

Erectile response is centrally and peripherally regulated by androgens. The original insights into the mechanisms of action of androgens were that androgens particularly exert effects on libido and that erections in response to erotic stimuli were relatively androgen-independent. It was shown that sexual functions in men required androgen levels at the low end of reference values of testosterone. So it seemed that testosterone was not useful treatment for men with erectile difficulties, particularly following the advent of the phosphodiesterase type 5 （PDE5） inhibitors. However, approximately 50% of those treated with PDE5 inhibitors discontinue their treatment. A number of recent developments shed new light on testosterone treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED） in aging men. （1） A recent insight is that, in contrast to younger men, elderly men might require higher levels of testosterone for normal sexual functioning. （2） Several studies have indicated that PDE5 inhibitors are not always sufficient to restore erectile potency in men, and that testosterone improves the therapeutical response to PDE5 inhibitors considerably. （3） There is growing insight that testosterone has profound effects on tissues of the penis involved in the mechanism of erection and that testosterone deficiency impairs the anatomical and physiological substrate of erectile capacity, reversible upon androgen replacement. The synthesis of PDE5 is upregulated by androgens, and the arterial inflow into the penis is improved by giving androgen. The above invites a re-examination of the merits of giving testosterone to aging men with ED. The beneficial effects of PDE5 inhibitors may only be optimally expressed in a eugonadal environment. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 3-9）