Sanguinarine-Mediated Sensitization of Cervical Cancer SiHa Cells to TRAIL

Introduction: Cervical cancer is primarily caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), which transforms normal cervical cells into cancerous cells that are highly resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. Induction of apoptosis in transformed cells is a key strategy in successfully treating HPV-induced cervical cancer. TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand) has been shown to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells by binding to death receptors and activating extrinsic pathways for apoptosis. However, certain cervical cancers—such as the cultured cell line SiHa—are remarkably resistant to TRAIL. In this study, SiHa cells were sensitized to TRAIL by using sanguinarine—derived from the plant Sanguinaria Canadensis—which is known to induce oxidative stress and lead to the upregulation of receptors for TRAIL. Methods: Cultured SiHa cells were exposed to sub-lethal doses of sanguinarine in combination with TRAIL. Cell viability changes as well as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. The induction of apoptosis was investigated by assays for caspase activation. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze expression of death receptors 4/5. Results: Treatment of SiHa cells with a combination of sanguinarine and TRAIL led to a significant reduction in cell viability. Significant increase in ROS was observed and caspase activation assays confirmed the induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: The observed synergistic effect of sanguinarine and TRAIL on SiHa cells is promising for the treatment of cervical, and possibly other, HPV-induced cancers. Oxidative stress caused by sanguinarine seems to play a central role in this synergy. The precise link between reactive oxygen species and the possible upregulation of death receptors needs further investigation. This knowledge will enable us to devise more effective treatments for those who suffer from this devastating disease.

Sanguinarine Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammation and Apoptosis by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-KB Pathway in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes

The inflammatory response is involved in the pathogenesis of the most common types of heart disease. Sanguinarine （SAN） has various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, and immune-enhancing properties. However, few studies have investigated the effects of SAN on lipopolysaceharide （LPS）-induced inflammatory and apoptotic responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Therefore, in this study, H9c2 cells were co-treated with SAN and LPS, and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammation markers and the apoptosis rate were measured to clarify the effect of SAN on cardiac inflammation. The underlying mechanism was further investigated by detecting the activation of Toll-like receptor （TLR）4/nuclear faetor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathways. As a result, increased mRNA expression of interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-6, and TNFα induced by LPS was attenuated after SAN treatment; LPS-induced apoptosis ofHge2 cardiomyocytes and cleaved-caspase 8, 9, 3 were all significantly reduced by SAN. Further experiments showed that the beneficial effect of SAN on blocking the inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by LPS was associated with suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. It was suggested that SAN suppressed the LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, which may be mediated by inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, SAN may be a feasible therapy to treat sepsis patients with cardiac dysfunction.

Antitumor effects of the benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine: Evidence and perspectives

Historically, natural products have represented a significant source of anticancer agents, with plant-derived drugs becoming increasingly explored. In particular, sanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained from the root of Sanguinaria canadensis, and from other poppy Fumaria species, with recognized anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, increasing evidence that sanguinarine exibits anticancer potential through its capability of inducing apoptosis and/or antiproliferative effects on tumor cells, has been proved. Moreover, its antitumor seems to be due not only to its pro-apoptotic and inhibitory effects on tumor growth, but also to its antiangiogenic and anti-invasive properties. Although the precise mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of this compound remain not fully understood, in this review we will focus on the most recent findings about the cellular and molecular pathways affected by sanguinarine, together with the rationale of its potential application in clinic. The complex of data currently available suggest the potential application of sanguinarine as an adjuvant in the therapy of cancer, but further pre-clinical studies are needed before such an antitumor strategy can be effectively translated in the clinical practice.

Stability of Sanguinarine and Chelerythrine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.

[Objectives]To explore the stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in Macleaya cordata(Willd.)R.Br.[Methods]The solubility and stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in seven solvents were measured by HPLC.Besides,the effects of water quality,light source,oxidant,temperature,and pH on stability were investigated.[Results]The solubility and stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in methanol and ethanol are good;the stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in distilled water and rainwater is not affected by light and is very stable,but they are unstable in tap water whether they are protected from light or not;oxidants have a great influence on the stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine;sanguinarine and chelerythrine are stable at room temperature lower than 54℃;sanguinarine is stable in pH 2.5-7.0,while chelerythrine is stable in pH 2.5-8.0.[Conclusions]The good stability of sanguinarine and chelerythrine under specific conditions shows that they have broad development prospects and value.

Spectral studies of the interaction between sanguinarine and guanosine

The interaction between sanguinarine and guanosine was investigated by using UV-vis and fluorescence spectra at pH 7.2. The binding of sanguinarine to guanosine was substantiated by the hypochromism and bathochromism in the absorption spectra and the emission quenching in fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence lifetime results, the varieties of the fluorophore absorption spectra and the decrease of the binding constant with the increasing temperature all indicate that the fluorescence quenching is static. The ratio and constant of the binding cytidine to sanguinarine are 2 and 6.44 × 10^7, respectively. The result shows that the binding of sanguinarine to guanosine is not only exothermic but also entropy-driven with △H=-8.53kJ/mol, AS = 0.12 kJ/（molK）, and AG =-44.57 kJ/mol at 298.15 K.

Simultaneous Quantitative Determination of Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine Using HPTLC from Callus Extract of <i>Zanthoxylum rhetsa</i>

Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine, all these three alkaloids are benzophenanthridine alkaloids. Nitidine was used as an anti-HIV, anti-malarial and anti-cancer. Chelerythrine had anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Sanguinarine was widely used as an anti-plaquestic and anti-cancer. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was used for simultaneous quantification of Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine in callus extract of Zanthoxylum rhetsa by using Silica gel 60 F254 as stationary phase and ethyl acetate:methanol:water:diethylamine (30:5:2:0.5 v/v) as mobile phase at 280 nm. The linearity concentration range was 5 - 160 μg/band of each alkaloid. The Rf values of Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine were found to be 0.28, 0.49 and 0.73. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.026, 0.088 μg/spot and 0.010 and 0.033 μg/spot, 0.0104 and 0.035 μg/spot respectively for Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine. HPTLC method was developed and validated according to ICH guidelines for simultaneous estimation of Nitidine, Chelerythrine and Sanguinarine and proved to be simple, specific, accurate, robust and rapid.

Systematic understanding of the underlying target and mechanism of sanguinarine against nasopharyngeal carcinoma through a networkpharmacology approach

Background:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor,well known as a cancer type characterized by regional specificity,especially in Southern China.The network pharmacology is an emerging discipline developed in recent years,which has been effectively used to predict the potential therapeutic compounds against disease focusing on the possible therapeutic targets and mechanisms.Sanguinarine,a traditional natural plant-derived phenanthridine alkaloid,has been reported to have a wide variety of pharmacological activities for decades.Methods:In the current study,using the comprehensive network pharmacological method,the potential drug targets of sanguinarine against nasopharyngeal carcinoma were successfully predicted,and verified by molecular docking.The underlying pharmacological mechanism was initially unraveled.Results:Totally,38 potential common targets were confirmed from these potential nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapeutic targets and pharmacological targets of sanguinarine.Their enrichment analyses of GO functions show that protein serine/threonine kinase activity,histone kinase activity,integrin binding,protein tyrosine kinase activity,and cell adhesion molecule binding were top listed.KEGG functional enrichment analysis indicates that the potential pathways are mainly involved into PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.The"drug-target-disease-pathway"network model diagram points out the key genes containing MAPK10,MAPK14,JAK2,BRAF,GSK3B,MET,HSP90AA1,SRC,et al..According to the results of molecular docking,it was further verified that sanguinarine has strong binding ability with MAPK10 and MAPK14.Conclusion:Taken together,this study would provide a clarified theoretical basis for the subsequent wet laboratory research focusing on sanguinarine against nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

血根碱对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖迁移的调控作用及其机制

目的 观察血根碱对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖迁移的调控作用,并探索可能的作用靶基因及作用机制。方法 培养膀胱癌T24细胞和人正常膀胱上皮细胞SV-HUC-1,分别分为实验组和对照组,实验组分别加入0.012 5、0.025、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6μmol/L的血根碱,对照组培养基中不加血根碱,采用CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞增殖能力,并计算半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))。将T24细胞分为实验组和对照组,实验组给予血根碱,对照组不进行血根碱处理,采用Transwell小室实验检测细胞迁移能力。分别基于BATMAN、SwissTargetPrediction网络药理学数据库、TCGA数据库分析并筛选得到血根碱作用靶基因和膀胱癌治疗靶基因的交集靶基因,进行GO分析和KEGG功能富集分析,绘制蛋白质相互作用网络,筛选血根碱调控T24细胞的靶基因。采用GSEA_4.2.3进行靶基因集富集分析,以确定靶基因富集的相关通路。基于GEPIA网站和“survival”R软件包评估靶基因高表达组和低表达组的无进展间隔期、疾病特异性生存期、总生存期差异。将血根碱和靶基因蛋白结构进行分子对接,并计算结合能。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测实验组和对照组细胞中的靶基因。结果 实验组T24细胞增殖能力和穿膜细胞数低于对照组(P均<0.05)。血根碱对T24细胞的IC_(50)为0.200 3μmol/L、对SV-HUC-1细胞的IC_(50)为0.709 9μmol/L。筛选出血根碱调控T24细胞的靶基因为基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9、前列腺素—内过氧化物合酶2(PTGS2)。MMP-2、MMP-9、PTGS2与调节上皮细胞增殖的通路有关。MMP-9高表达者疾病特异性生存期和总生存期低于低表达者(P均<0.05)。血根碱与MMP-2、MMP-9、PTGS2结合能分别为-8.8、-8.6、-10.0 kcal/mol。实验组PTGS2、MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达低于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论 血根碱可在不影响SV-HUC-1细胞的浓度下抑制膀胱癌T24细胞的增殖迁移能力。血根碱对膀胱癌细胞增殖迁移能力的调控作用可能与调控MMP-2、MMP-9、PTGS2表达并影响上皮细胞增殖相关通路有关。

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中的血根碱和白屈菜红碱

研究旨在建立液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测饲料中血根碱和白屈菜红碱含量的分析方法。饲料样品用15 mL、0.2%盐酸乙腈溶液超声提取2次,每次20 min,提取液使用HLB固相萃取柱净化、微孔滤膜过滤后进行液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,用外标法定量,对检测方法进行验证。结果显示:在质量浓度为1~100 ng/mL范围内其线性相关系数≥0.999,定量限为0.005 mg/kg,回收率为91.9%~101.0%,相对标准偏差为2.00%~7.96%。表明所建立的液相色谱-串联质谱法结果准确、重复性好,适用于饲料中血根碱和白屈菜红碱的测定。

血根碱对患者源性结直肠癌类器官生长的影响

目的探讨血根碱(sanguinarine,SNG)对患者源性结直肠癌类器官生长的影响及相关分子机制。方法体外构建结直肠癌类器官,光镜下观察类器官形态变化,HE染色观察肿瘤细胞间结构,免疫组化染色观察肿瘤标志物的表达。用不同浓度的SNG(0.1、0.3、1、3、9、27μmol·L^(-1))处理类器官,CCK-8法测细胞活性并计算药物半数抑制浓度(IC 50),Western blot检测SNG对类器官蛋白表达影响,ATP含量检测SNG联合结直肠癌临床化疗药对类器官协同效果。结果48~72 h形成囊样和实质样的三维细胞团,提示类器官构建成功。免疫组化结果,类器官中肿瘤标志物Ki67、CK20、CK7、Ep-CAM表达,进一步证实结直肠癌类器官形成。CCK-8结果显示,相比对照组,SNG组类器官数量和细胞活性降低。Western blot结果显示,p-AMPK表达含量明显上升,而mTOR和p-mTOR表达降低,自噬相关蛋白p62、Beclin1蛋白表达也发生明显变化(P<0.05)。ATP含量检测,SNG与临床化疗药联合抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖明显强于化疗药单药组(P<0.05)。结论SNG可以抑制结直肠癌类器官生长并诱导自噬,协同化疗药奥沙利铂、伊立替康、5-氟尿嘧啶抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,其作用机制可能与调控AMPK/mTOR信号通路有关。

血根碱壳聚糖微球的制备工艺优化及体内外性能研究

本研究旨在探讨血根碱壳聚糖微球的最优制备方法,并对微球进行外观粒径表征和体内外研究。本研究建立了血根碱含量测定的HPLC法,运用乳化交联法制备血根碱壳聚糖微球,以载药量、包封率和平均粒径为评价指标,应用单因素试验和星点设计-响应面法优化制备处方。利用显微镜和扫描电镜观察微球外观形态,通过激光粒度仪测定微球粒径及其分布。采用动态透析法取不同时间点的血根碱原料药溶液和血根碱壳聚糖微球溶液,并考察两种溶液的体外释放度,最后进行药动学方程拟合。对不同组小鼠注射血根碱原料液和血根碱微球液,不同时间取组织血测定,观察体内分布及靶向性。结果表明:血根碱HPLC含量测定得曲线方程y=2.530 0x+43.323 1(R^(2)=0.999 8,线性范围为10.0~50.0μg/mL)。单因素试验和星点设计-响应面法得最优处方:血根碱投药量60 mg,壳聚糖用量70mg,乳化剂用量5%,戊二醇用量0.25mL、水油体积比3:10,醋酸浓度2%、搅拌速度500r/min和交联时间3.5h。观察到血根碱壳聚糖微球形态近似球形及表面较光滑,测定得平均粒径(8.17±0.16)μm,粒径分布为2~20μm。体外释放显示,血根碱壳聚糖微球较血根碱原料药释放缓慢,Ritger-Peppas方程拟合效果较好(R^(2)=0.980 8)。血根碱微球在小鼠体内有明显缓释作用,在肺部和肝脏存在不同程度靶向性。血根碱壳聚糖微球体外释放具有明显的缓释作用,在小鼠体内分布具有一定靶向性和缓释性。

基于HPLC检测市售博落回注射液中血根碱和白屈菜红碱的成分含量

试验旨在评估博落回注射剂产品的质量。试验采用高效液相色谱法,建立了博落回注射剂产品中血根碱和白屈菜红碱的同步测定方法。采用Agilent色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长为270 nm,进样量5μL。结果显示,博落回注射液中血根碱和白屈菜红碱的HPLC测定方法专属性高,线性范围良好,重复性较好。血根碱和白屈菜红碱精密度RSD分别为0.45%、0.09%,稳定性的RSD分别为0.60%和0.39%,回收率范围分别为99.83%~101.79%、103.47%~105.56%。研究表明,该方法稳定可靠,具有较高的精密度和准确性,可用于评价市售博落回注射液的质量。

血根碱在癌症治疗中的抗肿瘤机制研究进展

随着癌症发病率的持续升高,开发新型抗肿瘤药物已成为科研领域的关键方向。血根碱(sanguinarine),一种来源于传统中药如白屈菜(Chelidonium majus L.)、博落回[Macleaya cordata(Willd.)R.Br]、血水草(Eomecon chionantha Hance)和美洲传统草药血根草(Sanguinaria canadensis L.)等植物的天然生物碱,由于其在抗肿瘤研究中所展现的显著活性,已广受学术界关注。本综述文章旨在梳理血根碱在癌症治疗领域内的研究进展,尤其聚焦其抑制肿瘤增殖、侵袭与转移,并促进肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用机制。研究显示,血根碱通过作用于多条信号传导途径及多种分子靶点,包括Bcl-2、MAPKs、Akt、NF-κB、ROS及微小RNA等,从而发挥其抑制肿瘤的效用。此外,文章还探讨了血根碱针对乳腺癌、肺癌、肝癌及结直肠癌等多种癌症类型的应用研究。据此,开发新的给药策略以提升血根碱的临床应用潜力,成为当前研究的重要课题。未来研究需进一步深化对血根碱抗肿瘤机制的理解,并通过临床前研究及早期临床试验验证其治疗效果与安全性,以期为癌症治疗开辟新路径。

血根碱对腰椎间盘突出症大鼠炎性疼痛的改善作用及机制

目的研究血根碱(SG)对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)大鼠炎性疼痛的改善作用及机制。方法制备LDH模型大鼠,然后分为模型组和SG低、中、高剂量组(1.00、2.50、6.25 mg/kg)以及SG高剂量+Anisomycin[丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)激活剂]组(6.25 mg/kg SG+5 mg/kg Anisomycin),每组10只;另取10只大鼠作为对照组。各组大鼠腹腔注射相应药物,对照组和模型组大鼠腹腔注射等体积生理盐水,每天1次,连续7 d。观察大鼠一般情况及神经功能变化;测定大鼠疼痛阈值[包括机械刺激缩足反射阈值(PWMT)和热刺激缩足反射潜伏期(PWTL)];观察大鼠背根神经节(DRG)组织病理变化;检测大鼠血清中炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)]和疼痛因子[神经肽Y(NPY)、5羟色胺(5-HT)]水平;观察脊髓小胶质细胞中离子钙接头蛋白1(Iba-1)和星形胶质细胞中胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的阳性表达;检测大鼠DRG组织中MAPK/胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)/核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路相关蛋白和TNF-α、IL-1β蛋白的表达。结果与对照组相比,模型组大鼠精神食欲不振,后肢运动障碍,DRG椎间盘神经元细胞排列紊乱;神经功能评分,血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、NPY水平,Iba-1、GFAP阳性表达,DRG组织中p38 MAPK、ERK1/2、NF-κB p65蛋白磷酸化水平和TNF-α、IL-1β蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05);PWMT、PWTL和血清中5-HT水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,SG各剂量组大鼠精神食欲好转,后肢运动障碍缓解,DRG椎间盘神经元结构改善,上述定量指标水平均显著逆转(P<0.05)。Anisomycin可逆转SG对LDH大鼠炎性疼痛的改善作用。结论SG可通过抑制LDH大鼠DRG组织中小胶质细胞活化,减少炎症因子释放,提高疼痛阈值,从而改善炎性疼痛;其作用机制可能与抑制MAPK/ERK/NF-κB信号通路有关。

博落回提取物猪耐受性评价及其抗结肠炎机制

将健康的50头长大白杂交猪均分为5组,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别按每千克饲料添加博落回散30、150、300、600mg混饲给药,相当于推荐临床剂量的1、5、10、20倍,对照组(CK)饲料中不添加博落回散,连续饲喂60d,研究不同剂量博落回散对猪的生长性能、血液学指标、血清生化指标及组织病理学的影响,基于网络药理学探讨博落回提取物(MCE)抗结肠炎的潜在机制。结果表明,与CK相比,饲料中添加30mg/kg的博落回散可显著提高试验猪的平均日增质量,显著降低料肉比,其他所用剂量的博落回散对试验猪的生长性能均无显著影响;饲料中添加30~600 mg/kg的博落回散的试验猪血液学和血清生化指标均无显著变化,且各脏器组织未见异常病理性损害。可见,饲料中添加30~600 mg/kg博落回散连续饲喂60 d,试验猪具有较好的耐受性。通过SwissTargetPrediction、Genecards、STRING等工具和数据库初步揭示了MCE可能是通过作用于ESR1、BCL2L1、MTOR、MCL1、PTGS2、MAPK8、MMP9、MAPK1、ERBB2和PIK3CA等靶点,并通过ErbB和TNF等信号途径发挥抗炎作用的。

正交法优选醋制白屈菜最佳炮制工艺

目的 正交法优选醋制白屈菜最佳炮制工艺.方法 采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),以原阿片碱等6个生物碱成分的总量作为考察指标,以醋用量、焖润时间、烘干时间和烘干温度为考察因素,各取3个水平,采用正交试验,优选醋焖法的最佳工艺.结果 所建立的HPLC法对6种对照品分离度较好,方法学考察结果符合相关规定.醋制白屈菜最佳炮制工艺为醋用量30%,焖润2 h,60℃下烘20 h.结论 本文建立的HPLC含量测定方法简单易行,可用于白屈菜样品的含量测定.优选的炮制工艺合理可行,可为白屈菜饮片的生产提供实验依据.

响应面法优化白屈菜醋焖法炮制工艺研究

目的:采用星点设计响应曲面法优选醋焖法炮制白屈菜的最佳炮制工艺。方法:建立原阿片碱、白屈菜碱、盐酸黄连碱、血根碱、小檗碱和白屈菜红碱等6种生物碱成分含量的HPLC法,色谱柱:Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:0.1%三乙胺(用磷酸调节pH至3.0)-乙腈,梯度洗脱;检测波长:274 nm;流速:1.0 ml·ml^-1;柱温:35℃。以6种生物碱总含量为评价指标,采用响应曲面设计法,考察醋用量、闷润时间、烘干时间和烘干温度对白屈菜醋焖法炮制工艺的影响,确定最佳炮制工艺。结果:原阿片碱等6个对照品在0.640~12.800,1.024~20.480,0.862~17.240,0.436~8.720,0.226~4.520,0.324~6.480μg质量范围内线性关系良好(r值范围0.9997~0.9999),平均加样回收率分别为97.5%,99.4%,100.8%,99.7%,98.9%和98.6%,RSD在1.82%~2.43%之间(n=6)。白屈菜总碱含量提取的最佳工艺条件为:醋用量17%,闷润时间2 h,烘干时间16 h,烘干温度75℃。结论:所建立的白屈菜红碱等6种生物碱含量的HPLC法稳定可行。优选的醋焖法炮制白屈菜炮制工艺方法可行,为白屈菜的进一步研究提供了科学依据。

博落回叶与小果博落回叶中4种生物碱的含量比较

目的比较博落回叶与小果博落回叶中4种生物碱含量的差异。方法 采用反相高效液相色谱法对博落回叶与小果博落回叶中4种生物碱———原阿片碱、别隐品碱、血根碱、白屈菜红碱的含量进行比较研究。结果在博落回叶中原阿片碱、别隐品碱、血根碱、白屈菜红碱的含量分别为0.48%～2.00%、0.36%～1.72%、0.18%～0.81%、0.07%～0.33%,小果博落回叶中分别为0.01%～0.13%、0.07%～0.48%、0.24%～0.75%、0.35%～1.24%。结论博落回叶中原阿片碱与别隐品碱含量较高;小果博落回叶中血根碱与白屈菜红碱含量较高。

龙胆苦苷等6种中草药提取物对SMMC-7721人肝癌细胞增殖的影响

目的 研究龙胆苦苷等 6种中药有效成分对 SMMC- 772 1人肝癌细胞增殖的影响。方法 MTT法测定不同浓度的 SMMC- 772 1人肝癌细胞活力 ,观察药物对癌细胞增殖的影响。结果 10 2 ,10 4和 10 6nmol.L-1的土贝母皂苷、10 4nmol.L-1和 10 2 nmol.L-1的龙胆苦苷、10 2 nmol.L-1的白屈菜红碱、 3个不同浓度的血根碱及 1g.L-1的败酱草提取物作用于细胞 4 8h后对细胞具有明显的杀伤效应 ;10 mg.L-1的败酱草提取物和 1g.L-1和 10 mg.L-1的威灵仙提取物对肝癌细胞具有促生长作用。结论 龙胆苦苷、土贝母皂苷、白屈菜红碱和血根碱能抑制 SMMC- 772 1人肝癌细胞增殖 ;败酱草提取物能促进肝癌细胞增殖 ;低浓度威灵仙提取物抑制、高浓度促进肝癌细胞增殖。

Binding of nucleosides with the cytotoxic plant alkaloid sanguinarine:Spectroscopic and thermodynamic studies

In spite of a large number of studies of the interaction of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid sanguinarine(SAN) with nucleic acids,the anticancer mechanism of SAN is still not clear.In contrast to the large number of studies of the interaction mechanism of SAN with DNA,there have been relatively few studies of the interaction of SAN with nucleosides.In this work,the interaction of SAN with three nucleosides-thymidine(T),uridine(U),and adenosine(A)-was investigated using a combination of conventional fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques;thermodynamic calculations were also carried out at physiological pH 7.2.The binding processes of SAN with the different nucleosides were characterized by hypochromic and bathochromic effects in the absorption spectra of SAN and by the quenching of the fluorescence intensity of SAN.The measurements of fluorescence lifetime,the variations of the absorption spectra of the fluorophore,and the dependence of the quenching on the temperature indicated that the fluorescence quenching is static.The Stern-Volmer plot is nonlinear and approximately quadratic showing that,in this process,one SAN molecule can bind with two nucleoside molecules.These studies,together with our earlier studies of the binding of SAN with cytidine(C) and guanosine(G),showed that the binding constants of SAN with the five nucleosides at T = 308.15,318.15,and 328.15 K decreased in the order C > G > T > U > A and at T = 298.15 K decreased in the order G > C > T > U > A,and that the binding of SAN with the various nucleosides is not only slightly exothermic but also entropy-driven.All these results together with fluorescence quenching experiments advance good evidence concerning the interaction of SAN with various nucleosides.Such studies of the interaction mechanism of alkaloids with DNA may promote the development of new drugs.