Feature Recognition of Low-resolution Fiber Image

The interpolatory edge operator is applied to the recognition of cotton and ramie fibers. Its performance is studied in comparison with the Canny edge operator in the fiber’s edge detection for cross-sectional image. The input image is interpolated other than Gaussian function smoothing. The quality of edge output is improved by the interpolatory edge operator. It produces edge output with good continuity for low-resolution input. The fine edge output, such as cross-markings, can be distinguished clearly, so the interpolatory edge operator is suitable for the study of cotton and ramie fibers. Furthermore, the application of the interpolatory edge operator can cut the hardware cost, reduce the storage and speed up the data transmission.

Job shop scheduling problem with alternative machines using genetic algorithms

The classical job shop scheduling problem(JSP) is the most popular machine scheduling model in practice and is known as NP-hard.The formulation of the JSP is based on the assumption that for each part type or job there is only one process plan that prescribes the sequence of operations and the machine on which each operation has to be performed.However,JSP with alternative machines for various operations is an extension of the classical JSP,which allows an operation to be processed by any machine from a given set of machines.Since this problem requires an additional decision of machine allocation during scheduling,it is much more complex than JSP.We present a domain independent genetic algorithm(GA) approach for the job shop scheduling problem with alternative machines.The GA is implemented in a spreadsheet environment.The performance of the proposed GA is analyzed by comparing with various problem instances taken from the literatures.The result shows that the proposed GA is competitive with the existing approaches.A simplified approach that would be beneficial to both practitioners and researchers is presented for solving scheduling problems with alternative machines.

Impact of Seasalt Deposition on Acid Soils in Maritime Regions

The characteristics of seasalt deposition and its impact on acid soils in maritime regions are reviewed. It is pointed out that studies involving the impact of seasalt deposition on acid soils have been concentrated on short-term effects on soil and water acidification. A deep consideration of long-term effects on soil acidification in maritime regions is still needed.

An influence function method based subsidence prediction program for longwall mining operations in inclined coal seams

The distribution of the final surface subsidence basin induced by longwall operations in inclined coal seam could be significantly different from that in flat coal seam and demands special prediction methods. Though many empirical prediction methods have been developed, these methods are inflexible for varying geological and mining conditions. An influence function method has been developed to take the advantage of its fundamentally sound nature and flexibility. In developing this method, significant modifications have been made to the original Knothe function to produce an asymmetrical influence function. The empirical equations for final subsidence parameters derived from US subsidence data and Chinese empirical values have been incorpo- rated into the mathematical models to improve the prediction accuracy. A corresponding computer program is developed. A number of subsidence cases for longwall mining operations in coal seams with varying inclination angles have been used to demonstrate the applicability of the developed subsidence prediction model.

Analysis of expressed sequence tags from the Ulva prolifera (Chlorophyta)

In 2008, a green tide broke out before the sailing competition of the 29th Olympic Games in Qingdao. The causative species was determined to be Enteromorpha prolifera （Ulva prolifera O. F. Miiller）, a familiar green macroalga along the coastline of China. Rapid accumulation of a large biomass of floating U. prolifera prompted research on different aspects of this species. In this study, we constructed a nonnormalized cDNA library from the thalli of U. prolifera and acquired 10072 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs）. These ESTs were assembled into 3 519 nonredundant gene groups, including 1 446 clusters and 2 073 singletons. After annotation with the nr database, a large number of genes were found to be related with chloroplast and ribosomal protein, GO functional classification showed 1 418 ESTs participated in photosynthesis and 1 359 ESTs were responsible for the generation of precursor metabolites and energy. In addition, rather comprehensive carbon fixation pathways were found in U. prolifera using KEGG. Some stress-related and signal transduction-related genes were also found in this study. All the evidences displayed that U. prolifera had substance and energy foundation for the intense photosynthesis and the rapid proliferation. Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I revealed that this green-tide causative species is most closely affiliated to Pseudendoclonium akinetum （Ulvophyceae）.

Designing a Comprehensive Skill Evaluation and Vocational Ability Development Program for FTTH Installer

Recently, FTTH （fiber to the home） is spreading rapidly, and communication technology has become an indispensable part in our lives. FTTH installers who build the infi＇astructure must correspond to the progress of technology while ensuring a high quality of installation, and it is struggling to its counterpart. The present study is undertaken in order to propose effective vocational ability development program for FTTH installers from the approach of their skill. They are information network cabling-related qualification system and competitions as the ability evaluation system. Then the author concludes that this program makes a contribution to improving their skill and maintaining the quality of the optical fiber network in analyzing some example of actual installation work and the measurement result of the OTDR（optical time domain reflect） meter.

Silicon carbide resonant tuning fork for microsensing applications in high-temperature and high G-shock environments

We present the fabrication and testing of a silicon carbide （SiC） balanced mass doublended tuning fork that survives harsh environments without compromising the device strain sensitivity and resolution bandwidth. The device features a material stack that survives corrosive environments and enables high-temperature operation. To perform hightemperature testing, a specialized setup was constructed that allows the tuning fork to be characterized using traditional silicon electronics. The tuning fork has been operated at 600°C in the presence of dry steam for short durations. This tuning fork has also been tested to 64 000 G using a hard-launch, soft-catch shock implemented with a light gas gun. However, the device still has a strain sensitivity of 66 Hz/μe and strain resolution of 0. 045 μe in a 10 kHz bandwidth. As such, this balanced-mass double-ended tuning fork can be used to create a variety of different sensors including strain gauges, accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure transducers. Given the adaptable fabrication process flow, this device could be useful to micro-electro-mechanical systems （MEMS） designers creating sensors for a variety of different applications.

An Alternative Scheme to Generate Arbitrary Anticorrelated States of a Two-Mode Field via A-type Atom Resonant Interaction with a Two-Mode Cavity Field

An alternative scheme is presented to generate arbitrary anticorrelated states of a two-mode field. In the scheme, a sequence of A-type three-level atoms are orderly sent across the cavity to interact with the cavity field initially in the two-mode vacuum state. The detection of all the atoms in the ground state collapses the two-mode field to the desired state. In this way, we can prepare the anticorrelated states of a two-mode field.

Particle Swarm Optimization Embedded in Variable Neighborhood Search for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

In cloud computing system,it is a hot and hard issue to find the optimal task scheduling method that makes the processing cost and the running time minimum. In order to deal with the task assignment,a task interaction graph was used to analyze the task scheduling; a modeling for task assignment was formulated and a particle swarm optimization (PSO)algorithm embedded in the variable neighborhood search (VNS) to optimize the task scheduling was proposed. The experimental results show that the method is more effective than the PSO in processing cost,transferring cost, and running time. When the task is more complex,the effect is much better. So,the algorithm can resolve the task scheduling in cloud computing and it is feasible,valid,and efficient.

Accounting treatment and internal controls in financial shared services ofmultinational corporations

Financial shared services （FSS） play an important role in multinational corporations for the effective cost management. FSS also can reduce errors and fraud so as to achieve perfect internal controls by standardized and procedural business processes which are important parts of internal controls. This paper emphasizes on two popular procedures and methods in multinational corporations. One is balance sheet reconciliation. It can illustrate the situation of accounts on an accrual basis which are the focus of internal audit and external audit. The other is Interco-Sop （Intercompany-standard operating procedure） which are important for to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of accounting system and internal controls.

Factors influencing the outcome of embryo freezing and thawing program

Objective: To investigate the factors that might influence the success of an embryo freezing and thawing program. Method: The relationship between the pregnancy rate in 73 cycles of embryo freezing and thawing program and the following factors was analyzed: maternal age, E 2 level at the time of HCG trigger, embryo storage time, number of thawed embryos transferred, presence of sponsoring embryos and intact embryos. And the survival rate of thawed embryos with different morphology, cell stage and storage time was evaluated. Result: Transfer with three or more than three thawed embryos resulted in pregnancy rates of 38.5% and 35.7%, respectively, compared with 5.3% for transfer of fewer than three embryos. The presence of sponsoring embryos and intact embryos significantly increases pregnancy rate in embryo freezing and thawing program. No other factor examined had any effect on pregnancy outcome. The survival rate of good morphology embryos was higher than poor ones, but was not influenced by cell stage and storage time. Conclusion: Embryo morphology before freezing, number of thawed embryos transferred and the presence of intact embryos are important to the outcome of embryo freezing and thawing program.

General Decoherence Suppression in Three-Level Atom in V-and ■-Configurations

In this paper, we present the decoupling bang-bang （BB） twin-born pulses to suppress the genera/deco- herence, both amplitude and phase decoherence, in a three-level atom in V- and Ξ-configurations. We give the exact sequence of periodic twinborn pulses in such systems.

Design and Performance Analysis of Micro Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

This study describes a novel micro proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(active area,2.5 cm2).The flow field plate is manufactured by applying micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS) technology to silicon substrates to etch flow channels without a gold-coating.Therefore,this investigation used MEMS technology for fabrication of a flow field plate and presents a novel fabrication procedure.Various operating parameters,such as fuel temperature and fuel stoichiometric flow rate,are tested to optimize micro PEMFC performance.A single micro PEMFC using MEMS technology reveals the ideal performance of the proposed fuel cell.The optimal power density approaches 232.75 mW·cm-1 when the fuel cell is operated at ambient condition with humidified,heated fuel.

Research on Multidimensional Data Model in Data Warehouse

Data structure and semantics of the traditional data model cannot effectively represent the data warehouse, it is difficult to effectively support online analytical processing （referred to as OLAP）. This paper is propose a new multidimensional data model based on the partial ordering and mapping. The data model can fully express the complex data structure and semantics of data warehouse, and provide an OLAP operation as the core of the operation of algebra, support structure in levels of complex aggregation operation sequence, which can effectively support the application of OLAE The data model supports the concept of aggregation function constraint, and provides constraint mechanism of the hierarchy aggregation function.

Review on safe blasting technology in high-temperature coal seams in China

In order to define the development direction of safe blasting technology in high-temperature coal seams in China, this paper presents a systematic, state-of-the-art review on safe blasting technology. Information such as high-temperature coal fire extinguishment and cooling, anti-high-temperature blasting supplies, heat insulation blasting setting, operation procedures for high-temperature blasting, and so on, are presented. Analysis shows that the development of effective technology for coal seam fire extinguishing and cooling, the manufacture of anti-high-temperature blasting supplies, especially priming materials, the development of heat insulation blasting setting, and the establishment of technical specifications suit large-scale blasting design and construction work at high-temperature coal seams, are the essential methods for safe blasting at high temperature coal seams.

Complex Standardization as the Factor of Flexibility and Competitive Ability

Research, performed by the authors proved that one of the most significant factors affecting the increase in flexibility and competitive ability of a firm is the conceptual, complex intra-plant standardization. The enterprise implementing the standardization is capable of flexible responding to customer＇s demands for the assortment, accelerates considerably research, and offers satisfactory delivery terms. That means the selection of types of the input factors and the method how to use them, the selection of working procedures and procedures of intermediary consumption, definition of the relations in the process of control, rational structure of the final products etc.. The permanent innovative atmosphere is presupposed.

Exercise is recreation not medicine

Purpose： This paper responds to the question, is exercise medicine？ It does so using a qualitative case study that proposes that exercise is recreation. The study （1） describes and reflects upon an exercise is recreation metaphor, （2） establishes the principles and processes used to develop a sport park within which exercise is recreation, and （3） presents a comparative analysis of the exercise is recreation approach with a UK quality framework for ＂exercise referrals＂. Methods： Four years of documentation were collated and placed into 14 categories： （1） university strategies, （2） plans of the site, （3） policy documents, （4） minutes of a steering group, （5） contemporary documents, （6） organisational charts, （7） responses to local government policies on sport, （8） consultation documents, （9） operational procedures, （10） facility specifications, （11） partnership agreements, （12） material relating to the university＇s work on events, （13） notes on the universities sport department, and （14） timetables. These data were analysed through a 4-stage process which used recreation as the analytical theme for a comparative analysis. Results： The characteristics of the exercise is recreation metaphor in this case are （1） a focus on the experience of the user, （2） the promotion of well-being, （3） the importance of community, （4） embracing inclusivity, （5） sport, （6） aesthetics, and （7） leisure time. The principles and processes used to develop the sport park were （1） custodianship, （2） partnerships, （3） values, （4） inter-professional working, （5） local heritage, （6） change, （7） the natural park environment, and （8） ＂riding the bike as you build it＂. The comparative analysis with a UK quality framework for ＂exercise referrals＂ clearly shows a difference from an exercise is recreation approach. Conclusion： Exercise is recreation and may enable individuals and communities to reach a state of well-being. ~ 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license （http：//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

The 5'-flanking cis-acting elements of the human ε-globin gene associates with the nuclear matrix and binds to the nuclear matrix proteins

The nucleax mains attachment regions(MARs) and the binding nuclear matrix proteins in the 5’-flalildng cisacting elements of the humanε-globin gene have been examined. Using in vitro DNA-matrix binding assay,it has been shown that the positive stage-specific regulatory element (ε-PREII, -446bp-419bp) upstream of this gene could specifically associate with the nuclear matrix from K562 cells, indicating thatε-PREII mad be an erythroidspecilic facultstive MAR. In gel mobility shift assay and Southwestern blotting assal an eothroid-specific nuclear matrix protein (ε-NMPk) in K562 cells has been revealed to bind to this positive regulatory element (E-PREII). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the silencer (-392hp -177bp) uP8tream of the humanε-globin gene could associate with the nuclear matrices from K562, HEL and Raji cells. In addition, the nucleax matrix proteins prepared from these three cell lines could also bind to this silencer, suggesting that this silencer element linght be a constitutive nuclear mains attachment region (constitutive MAR). Our results demonstrated that the nucleax madrid and nuclear mains proteins lxilght play an important role in the regulation of the human 5-globin gene expression.

3D numerical parametric study of the influence of open-pit mining sequence on existing tunnels

The development of open-pit mines can adversely affect and even damage existing access tunnels. To ensure the safety and serviceability of them, it is essential to know potential adverse effects of the mining sequence on existing tunnels such as displacements of the lining and additional loads on the lining. In this paper, three-dimensional numerical parametric study is performed to explore this complex interaction. This study investigates the effects of different parameters that may affect the tunnel response. These parameters are： excavation sequence method, horizontal/vertical stress ratio, slope angle, and tunnel diameter. This study shows that the mining sequence affects the stability of the tunnels. The open-pit mining activities lead to both higher axial forces in rock bolts and normal forces and bending moments in the lining. The results of the analysis also demonstrate that the mining sequence causes tunnel heave and significant tensile forces in the lining. Based on the study in this paper a better understanding of the interaction between oDen-oit minin~ seouence and tunnels will he ohtained