Investigation on Plant Species and Health Assessment in Roof Garden in East Area of Zhengzhou City

Using the plant of roof garden as an object, the effect of application of plant species, growth status, and health evaluation on the construction of roof garden in east area of Zhengzhou were investigated through the investigation and analysis in order to put forward the main problems of each plant species and select the suitable plant species and configuration. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the roof garden greening plants and ground greening plant species, however, there was a big problem in terms of plant disease and root aeration. And so the root shallow, barren resistance, wind resistance, drought-tolerant plants were appropriately chosen in the construction of roof garden, in which low small trees, shrubs, ground cover, and climbing plants was given priority to.

Leaching of Copper and Zinc in a Garden Soil Receiving Poultry and Livestock Manures from Intensive Farming

The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM）, and commercial organic manure （OM） were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 and 0.01 mol L 1 EDTA solutions. The leachate EC （electric conductivity） values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution. The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^-1 EDTA solution. In all the soil columns, the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca（NO3）2 solution was used. The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^-1 NH4NO3, but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents. The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution was above the Quality Standard III for Ground Water of China （GB/T 14848-93, Zn 〈 1.0 mg L^-1）. When compared with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2, the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns. This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.

Distribution and characterizing sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of surface water from Jialing River

Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in surface water samples were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) to study their distribution and characterizing sources.The water samples were collected from five sites(J1-J5) in the Jialing River of Chongqing downtown area from September 2009 to August 2010.The results demonstrate that the concentration of total PAHs in three samples upstream are relatively higher than those in other two sites downstream,with average concentration of total PAHs for each site ranging from 811.5 ng/L to 1585.8 ng/L.The 2,3 and 4-ring PAHs for sampling stations account for 13.0%,56.6% and 28.6%,respectively,in total PAHs.There are obvious tendencies of seasonal change for PAHs concentration in surface water.The PAHs concentration in April of wet season is 1 301.6 ng/L,which is 1.3 times the lowest amount of total PAHs in August of flood season.Ratios of specific PAH compounds were used to characterize the possible pollution sources.Experimental results indicate that the PAHs in surface water samples are primarily from pyrolytic PAHs because of factories along these sites,while the direct leakage of petroleum products may be significant for two sites,Jiahua Bridge(J4) and Huanghuayuan Bridge(J5),because of the wharf boat nearby.

The Localization of UK Experience in Environmental Education in Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen, China

In China, the environmental education （EE） is a brief new but popular topic in recent several years as a method to cope with the gap between nature and children. EE was started in UK with a long-term development and the useful experience can be utilized for the Chinese EE development. As a case study, the experiences of UK organizations were summarized and applied in the EE system in Fairy Lake Botanical Garden in Shenzhen （SZBG）, China. The localization of UK’s experience in the EE development in SZBG in terms of EE program, course content and resource was summarized in this paper. There are also discussions for the future update of EE in SZBG and for other local organizations like botanical gardens, wetland parks, nature reserve etc.

The Garden of Finzi-Continis, Compassion, and the Struggle to Affirm Identity

This work investigates De Sica＇s depiction of compassion proposing new ways of examining the film. Remaining faithful to his neorealist responsibility to denounce the plight of others and the experience associated to World War Two, the director offers models of compassion associated with past circumstances and the subsequent recollection of them. In other instance, compassion becomes the result of imaginative and elaborated descriptions that contrast with the neorealist aesthetic. These creative depictions suggest compassion through technical elements. For instance, the usage of flashbacks, the long shots of the garden, the close-ups and tracking shots on specific components of the environment, the soft focus on certain characters are ways to reflect on past circumstances to outline a new awareness and perspective.

Establishment of Model Home Garden for Home Consumption and Income Generation of Poor and HIV Victim Women at Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

For resource poor and HIV victim urban and pre-urban dwellers in developing countries, home garden is vital to enhance food and nutrient security. The availability of both ground and surface water in Bahir Dar city of Ethiopia propels many poor families to produce vegetable and fruit crop for home consumption and income generation. Productivity of fruits and vegetables has been seriously affected due to lack of high yield with good quality varieties, poor knowledge of agronomic practices, poor water and fertilizer managements to exploit the full potential benefits of home garden to the area. To minimize those gaps, resource poor and HIV victim women headed households were selected and model home garden were established to demonstrate improved production practices. Subsequent trainings and experience sharing focused on the different techniques of vegetable and fruit crops production and management, methods of compost preparation and how to generate income from home garden were provided. The seeds of lettuce, Swiss chard, head cabbage, kale, carrot and improved banana sucker and coffee seedlings were supplied for each model home garden. Based on the training and experiences gained, different vegetable growing structures, such as old plastic containers, wooden boxes, vegetable growing shelves made from locally available materials and old used car tier, and ＂food always in the house＂ （FAITH） gardening techniques were established to maximize the potential of home garden both vertically and horizontally. Within one growing season, participants produced plenty leafy vegetable for home consumption and they started to generate income by supplying fresh vegetable products to the local market. Nowadays, participants have been sharing their knowledge and experiences to new neighboring gardeners through their model home gardens. Therefore, the respective stakeholders should provide continuous technical and financial support to strengthen the established model home garden as a training center to disseminate improved production techniques for Bahir Dar city residents for the future.

Poussin＇s Kingdom of Flora： Love in the Garden

The Fort Worth （Texas） exhibition/publication Poussin： The Early Years in Rome： The Origins of French Classicism （1988） proved to be a seminal event in Poussin scholarship. Over 200 works were put on display at the Kimbell Art Museum that revealed the formative years in the French painter＇s works. The drawings and paintings confirmed Poussin as the leading classicist in 17th century French art and expanded our appreciation of the flexibility of the artist to illustrate mythological narratives. Previous positions on the artist such as Anthony Blunt＇s, who viewed the painter as a strict classicist without a major interest in color, are now reevaluated after the Fort Worth show. The influence of the Venetian school, especially the work of Titian, emerged stronger into Poussin＇s oeuvre. It was under the classicist umbrella that the romantic verse of Ovid and the sensual color of Titian became forged into the pictures of Roman mythology. The leading source of inspiration for this work would be Ovid＇s Metamorphoses where figures change into flowers made timeless by the painter＇s brush. Just as the poet varied the structure of his narrative presentation, so too did the painter expand his approach to depicting scenes of change in a variety of formats. A key work for Poussin in these stories of change would be the Kingdom of Flora （1631） where Ovidian tales are posed as an eternal spring where the goddess distributes the flowers of the collective narrative in an olive green chitin. This paper will contribute to the position of viewing Poussin＇s art under a wider vision of classicism where flexible narrative design and sensuous color fit the mission to make art noble and timeless.

Nymphaeaceae Salisb. and Trapaceae Dumort. Families in the Collection of O.V. Fomina Botanical Garden

On basis of aquatic and riverside-aquatic plants collection of O.V. fomina botanical garden is conducted research of ontogenesis, ecology, phenology, carpogenesis, biomorphology, life forms, adaptatations, of this group＇s plants, peculiarities of their cultivation and application in conditions of temperate zone of Ukraine. Special values in research have ancient genera and species, which include representatives ofNymphaeaceae salisb, and trapaceae Dumort. families, 22 species, 6 varieties, 1 hybrid, 30 cultivars of which are presented in collection of garden in open and covered soil. For the first time in covered soil of two conservatories ecological modeling was conducted. Placement of plants is done in form of 5 models of artificial ecotopes, in 155 abatises. Four ecobiomorphological groups based on rhizome system were determined for Nymphaeaceae, among which conditionally-rhizome and conditionally-stolone are provided for the first time.

Effect of Hue Citadel on the Layout of Traditional Garden Houses Located in Its Area, Vietnam

In Hue, the city located in the middle region of Vietnam, the Citadel is known as the place of the last Dynasty in the history of Vietnam, Nguyen （1802-1945）. Whereas Nguyen Kings lived in the Purple Forbidden City （the third wall of the Citadel）, other members of royal families and high-ranking mandarins lived in Hue Traditional Garden Houses （HTGHs） constructed around and in the Citadel area. This paper is a part of the research that focuses on an approach for sustainable live conservation and application of HTGHs into contemporary use. In this paper, the study aims to consider effects of the Citadel on the layout and arrangement of HTGHs located in its＇ area by studying alteration in layout elements of those house. Based on field surveys of 91 HTGHs in the Citadel area, it is found that although those houses are altered into various configurations under the impacts of urbanization and modernization, several important traditional elements in layout such as Binh Phong （masonry screen）, Be Can （basin）, and facing orientation have been maintained, and their layouts reflect a miniature image of Hue Citadel, i.e., there is an integral relationship between the Citadel and HTGHs located in it. This relationship plays an important role for expressing one of unique characteristics of Hue cultural asset, which is unavailable in other regions of Vietnam.

Study on Flowering, Cultivation, and Reproduction of Agave americana Var. Marginata Hort. (Agavaceae)

Agave americana Var. Marginata Hort. （Agavaceae） is a perennial herb. This paper summarized its classification, distribution, morphological characteristics, habit, flowering and fruiting, cultivation and reproduction, as well as multiple uses in daily life, which provided references for the exploitation and utilization of Agave americana Vat. Marginata Hort. （Agavaceae）.

Crop Diversity Measurement at Dufuya Gardens and Insukamini Irrigation Scheme in Lower Gweru Communal Lands

Dufuya wetland gardens and Insukamini irrigation scheme in Lower Gweru communal areas of Gweru district are two examples of how rural communities can be self-reliant if they are capacitated. This study sought to compare crop diversity between these two vegetable producing schemes. The location of the two areas and the selected plots were determined using the GPS （global positioning system） hand receiver. Maps of the quadrants were produced in a GIS （geographic information system） on a computer. Simpson＇s index D = sum （pi2） was used to measure crop diversity while the Shannon-Weiner index （/4） was used to measure crop evenness. Results show that although both schemes are viable, Dufuya Gardens have higher crop diversity than Insukamini irrigation scheme. The study recommends that AGRITEX officers at Insukamini must advise farmers to diversify their crops in order for their produce to be more competitive on the market and also to cushion farmers against the effects of natural hazards. Given the success of the two schemes, the government must seriously consider sustainable utilization of the many small-scale dams and wetlands lying idle across the country for crop production in order to empower poor rural communities as well as alleviate poverty.

Impact of life and inspiration- Monet＇s back garden era

Impressionist Claude Monet was the most representative painter; he is not only the founder and terminator of Impressionism, but also the opener of modem painting. The artistic vitality of his life is extremely strong, unrivaled with an amazing number of works of Impressionism. Among the legacy, ＂classic＂ and ＂existence＂ works make up the most. The 1890s is the dividing line of Monet＇ s two periods of his creative career. It is also his most focused era of creation, called Monet back garden world＂ , where his works of all forms come out.

Digging in the Garden of Eden

The paper first presents the translation of Hebrew Genesis entitled At the Start... Genesis Made New. The new version belongs to the field of ethno-poetics. It intends to take today＇s listener/reader back in time by capturing the characteristics of the original Hebrew and expressing them through the medium of modern English. If translations may be said to reflect archaeological layers of social history, At the Start... Genesis Made New attempts to dig down with the purpose of reaching the deepest layer： critical analysis of terminology in the Garden of Eden story provides insights into the primitive Hebrew society that invented this particular myth more than 3,000 years ago. The paper also looks at the same story as translated in the Revised Standard Version, first published as the Authorised Version or King James Bible in 1661, and The New English Bible published in 1961. Different world views characteristic of European society in recent centuries colours the understanding of the biblical text. The translations are affected in consequence. A comparison between the versions is revealing…

Studies on Garden Path Phenomenon in English

Garden path phenomenon is a term that originated from psycholinguistic field. As a special temporary or local ambiguity in language processing, it has been widely explored and studied from aspects of semantics, syntax, pragmatics as well as psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics over the years, since it was first put forward by Bever in the 1970s. The research of garden path phenomenon is of considerable significance both theoretically and practically. This paper is designed to explore the garden path phenomenon in English through literature and examples. Some basic concepts and main triggering factors of garden path phenomenon are analyzed. This paper explores the triggering factors of garden path phenomenon from the aspects of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The major finding is that garden path phenomenon can help learners understand the operation of human language processing mechanism and improve their abilities to deal with garden path sentences, which is of great benefits to learn and understand English language.

Spatio-temporal relationships of Clania miniscula （Lepidoptera： Psychidae） and garden spider （Araneae： Araneidae） in sasanqua orchard

Spatio-temporal relationship of the phytophagons Clania miniscula （Butler） and garden spiders was examined through analysis of their niche and distribution as they occur in sasanqua orchard in Southern Anhui, China from June 2003 to May 2004. The dynamic relationships between Clania minuscula and garden spiders were seasonal in time and space. Spatio-temporal niche breadth was high for the two groups, ranging from 0.57 to 0.98; niche overlap was also high between the two groups from 0.76 to 0.96 during the seasons of June 2003 to May 2004. Geostatistical results indicated that Clania minuscula and garden spiders were aggregated during the emergence periods. The pest Clania minuscula was spatially dependent to a range from 33.48 to 46.84 m while spatial dependence from 30.93 to 51.11 m for garden spiders. The correlation analysis of distribution maps further illustrate the distribution of garden spiders always coincided with that of Clania minuscula. These results showed spatio-temporal synchrony of Clania minuscula and garden spiders at different periods. Adequate knowledge of spatio-temporal correlation between Clania minuscula and garden spiders contributed to provide information for biocontrol at different periods in sasanqua orchard.

Observation on fitting male selections of different kiwifruit varieties

Five male kiwifruit selections Truwind M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 bred by Hunan Horticultural Research Institute (HHRI)have been observed on the suitability,of which Truwind M1,M2 and M3 are Actinidia chinensis,Truwind M4 and M5 are Actinidia deliciosa. In terms of flower period Truwind M1 is early and 7 days, which is the suitable pollinator for‘Fengyue’;Truwind M2 is intermediate with 15 days,suitable for ‘Kuimi’and‘Lushanxiang’;Truwind M3 and M4 are 14 days and 13 days respectively,suitable for‘Cuiyu’and‘Miliang 1’;Truwind M5 is late and 8 days, suitable for‘Jinkui’,‘Qinxiang’and‘Hayward’.

Cultivation of Perennial Herbaceous Legumes in Weed Management in Coffee Plantation on the Cerrado

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cultivation of perennial herbaceous legumes on weed control and yield of the coffee crop in the Cerrado. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. The 10 treatments tested in factorial 4 × 2 ＋ 2, were four legumes： forage peanut （Arachis pintoi）, hybrid Java （Macrotyloma axillare）, perennial soybean （Neonotonia wightii） and wild ground nut （Calopogonium mucunoides）; two forms in the interrows of coffee plants with two and three rows of legumes spaced by 0.50 m and 0.25 m, respectively; and two additional treatments consisted of hand weeding with hoe and chemical control with glyphosate. The hybrid Java and wild ground nut in the first year and the hybrid Java and perennial soybean in the second year, all followed by forage peanut, promoted lower density and biomass of the weeds. The wild ground nut in the first year and forage peanut in the second year showed higher soil cover. The hybrid Java had its highest biomass production in two years, and wild ground nut being higher in the first year. The cultivation of perennial herbaceous legumes promoted weed control without interfering in the productivity of the coffee crop.

Effect of the Variety of Fig Tree on Some Biological Parameters of Ceratitis capitata Wied, 1824 （Diptera： Trypetidae） in Some Orchards in the Kabylie

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. （1824） is one of the most important pest that can infest orchards if its spread is not controlled. Among the preventive measures recommended in the fight against this pest, we are interested in looking for varieties that are less favorable to the development of this pest among different varieties of fig trees in our region. The biological parameters of the fruit fly which were followed in this study are duration of pupation, rate of emergence, sex ratio and longevity of males and females. The results show that these parameters vary depending on the variety of fruit.

High Temperature and Abscisic Acid Modified the Profile of Anthocyanins in Grape （Vitis vinifera L,）

The predicted increase of temperature by effect of climatic change （1.5 ℃ to 4.5 ℃）, will affect some berry components. Anthocyanins and flavonols concentration are responsible of wine color. The level of anthocyanin is affected by light intensity, temperature, sugars, growth regulators and vineyard management. Abscisic acid （ABA） increases the synthesis of anthocyanin in grape. The object of study was to evaluate the effect of different temperature in berries in vitro, of two cultivars combined with ABA treatments. The treatments were control （C, water） and ABA treatment （1,000 ppm） and temperature： 25, 33 and 40 ℃. In Cabemet Sauvignon, 25 and 33 ~C did not affect anthocyanin total concentration but 40 ℃ produced a 30% decrease in anthocyanin. ABA treatment increased anthocyanin vs. C at 25 and 33 ℃, mainly due to glucosylated forms. But ABA ＋ 40 ℃ showed a 44-60% decrease in all anthocyanins forms compounds. Response of Malbec to the highest temperature （40 ℃）, at the end of ripening, was different; higher temperature produced only slight decrease of total anthocyanins concentration （decrease of 7%）. Combination of temperature ＋ ABA at 20℃ and 33℃ increased anthocyanin. But ABA ＋ 40℃ decreased glucosylated and cumarylated forms of anthocyanin.