红车轴草提取液对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响

目的:探讨红车轴草提取液对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响,为临床开发降脂新药提供实验依据。方法:通过饮食高脂饲料建立高脂血症大鼠实验模型,测定高脂血症大鼠血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、血管紧张素和血管内皮素,研究红车轴草对大鼠血液生化指标的影响。结果表明:红车轴草给药能明显降低高脂血症大鼠的血脂以及血浆Ang和ET水平,可能对高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化症有防治作用。

红车轴草素对Aβ诱导大鼠认知障碍的保护作用

目的:探讨对β1-42淀粉样蛋白(Aβ1-42)诱导的大鼠认知障碍的保护作用及其机制。方法:10周龄Wistar大鼠随机分成假手术组、Aβ1-42模型组、阳性药(石杉碱甲0.05 mg/kg)对照组、红车轴草素10 mg/kg和20 mg/kg治疗组。采用侧脑室注射Aβ1-42建立大鼠认知障碍模型,治疗3周后,应用Morris水迷宫行为试验测试大鼠的学习记忆能力,利用Western blot法检测大鼠海马中Aβ1-42蛋白、突触可塑性相关蛋白(PSD-95、p-NMDAR1、p-Ca MKII、p-PKACβ、PKCγ、p-CREB)和BDNF蛋白的表达。Realtime PCR分析Aβ相关基因APP、BACE1、Cat B、NEP和IDE mRNA的表达。采用碱性羟胺比色法测定大鼠脑乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)含量。结果:红车轴草素(10 mg/kg、20 mg/kg)可明显改善大鼠学习记忆能力,减轻海马神经元退化和凋亡,提示对Aβ1-42诱导的大鼠认知损伤有明显的改善作用。进一步的机制研究表明红车轴草素可增强PSD-95、p-NMDAR1、p-Ca MKII、p-PKACβ、PKCγ、pCREB和BDNF蛋白的表达;抑制APP、BACE1和Cat B mRNA的表达,但提高NEP和IDE mRNA的水平;降低β淀粉样多肽的含量和沉积;同时,能明显降低脑内胆碱酯酶的活性,增加乙酰胆碱的含量。结论:红车轴草素能改善Aβ1-42诱导的大鼠认知障碍,其作用机制可能与降低脑内Aβ蛋白、增强突触可塑性相关蛋白表达和降低胆碱酯酶的活性有关。

Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium Foliar Treatment on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Red Clover （ Trifolium pratense L.） Cultivars

Proper mineral nutrition of red clover especially on the acid soils is a prerequisite for the realization of maximum potential for seed yield. The field experiment with four cultivars of red clover were established on soil having a pH （in H2O） of 4.8, in order to in conditions of dense planting （20 cm inter row） analyzes the effect of foliar application of phosphorus and potassium （PK） on yield and yield components （number of stems/m2, number of inflorescences/m2, number of inflorescences/stem, number of flowers/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence and one thousand grain weight）. Regardless of foliar treatment with PK, varieties differed in the number of inflorescences/m2, number of flowers/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence and seed yield. Foliar application of PK in the phase of intensive growth of red clover had a positive impact on number of stem/m2, number of inflorescences/m2 and seed yield in all varieties, as well as on the number of flowers/inflorescence, number of seeds/inflorescence in cultivar Viola.