Calcium-chelating peptides from rabbit bone collagen:characterization,identification and mechanism elucidation

This study aimed to characterize and identify calcium-chelating peptides from rabbit bone collagen and explore the underlying chelating mechanism.Collagen peptides and calcium were extracted from rabbit bone by instant ejection steam explosion(ICSE)combined with enzymatic hydrolysis,followed by chelation reaction to prepare rabbit bone peptide-calcium chelate(RBCP-Ca).The chelating sites were further analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass(LC-MS/MS)spectrometry while the chelating mechanism and binding modes were investigated.The structural characterization revealed that RBCP successfully chelated with calcium ions.Furthermore,LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that the binding sites included both acidic amino acids(Asp and Glu)and basic amino acids(Lys and Arg),Interestingly,three binding modes,namely Inter-Linking,Loop-Linking and Mono-Linking were for the first time found,while Inter-Linking mode accounted for the highest proportion(75.1%),suggesting that chelation of calcium ions frequently occurred between two peptides.Overall,this study provides a theoretical basis for the elucidation of chelation mechanism of calcium-chelating peptides.

Genome-edited rabbits:Unleashing the potential of a promising experimental animal model across diverse diseases

Animal models are extensively used in all aspects of biomedical research,with substantial contributions to our understanding of diseases,the development of pharmaceuticals,and the exploration of gene functions.The field of genome modification in rabbits has progressed slowly.However,recent advancements,particularly in CRISPR/Cas9-related technologies,have catalyzed the successful development of various genome-edited rabbit models to mimic diverse diseases,including cardiovascular disorders,immunodeficiencies,agingrelated ailments,neurological diseases,and ophthalmic pathologies.These models hold great promise in advancing biomedical research due to their closer physiological and biochemical resemblance to humans compared to mice.This review aims to summarize the novel gene-editing approaches currently available for rabbits and present the applications and prospects of such models in biomedicine,underscoring their impact and future potential in translational medicine.

Betaine addition to the diet alleviates intestinal injury in growing rabbits during the summer heat through the AAT/mTOR pathway

Background The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of betaine(Bet)inclusion in the diet on the intestinal health of growing rabbits under summer heat.A total of 100 weaned Qixing meat rabbits aged 35 d with body weight of 748.61±38.59 g were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups:control group(basal diet)and Bet groups(basal diet+0.75,1.0,1.5 or 2.0 g/kg Bet).The average daily temperature in the rabbitry during the experiment was 30.48°C and the relative humidity was 69.44%.Results Dietary addition of Bet had no significant effect on growth performance and health status of growing rabbits(P>0.05),but it increased ileal secretory immunoglobulin A content compared to the control under summer heat(P<0.05).Addition of 0.75 g/kg Bet up-regulated jejunal IL-4,down-regulated ileal TNF-αexpression(P<0.05).The addition of 1.0 g/kg Bet increased the villi height(VH)in the jejunum(P<0.05).Serum glucose levels were reduced,and the expression of SLC6A20 was up-regulated in jejunum and ileum of rabbits fed with 1.5 g/kg Bet(P<0.05).When added at 2.0 g/kg,Bet reduced serum HSP70 content,increased jejunal VH,and up-regulated duodenal SLC7A6,SLC38A2,mTOR and 4EBP-2 expression(P<0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that intestinal mTOR expression was significantly and positively correlated with SLC7A6,SLC38A2,SLC36A1 and IL-4 expression(P<0.05).Conclusions Dietary addition of Bet can up-regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory factors through the AAT/mTOR pathway,improve the intestinal immune function,alleviate intestinal damage in growing rabbits caused by summer heat,and improve intestinal health.

An Improved Artificial Rabbits Optimization Algorithm with Chaotic Local Search and Opposition-Based Learning for Engineering Problems and Its Applications in Breast Cancer Problem

Artificial rabbits optimization(ARO)is a recently proposed biology-based optimization algorithm inspired by the detour foraging and random hiding behavior of rabbits in nature.However,for solving optimization problems,the ARO algorithm shows slow convergence speed and can fall into local minima.To overcome these drawbacks,this paper proposes chaotic opposition-based learning ARO(COARO),an improved version of the ARO algorithm that incorporates opposition-based learning(OBL)and chaotic local search(CLS)techniques.By adding OBL to ARO,the convergence speed of the algorithm increases and it explores the search space better.Chaotic maps in CLS provide rapid convergence by scanning the search space efficiently,since their ergodicity and non-repetitive properties.The proposed COARO algorithm has been tested using thirty-three distinct benchmark functions.The outcomes have been compared with the most recent optimization algorithms.Additionally,the COARO algorithm’s problem-solving capabilities have been evaluated using six different engineering design problems and compared with various other algorithms.This study also introduces a binary variant of the continuous COARO algorithm,named BCOARO.The performance of BCOARO was evaluated on the breast cancer dataset.The effectiveness of BCOARO has been compared with different feature selection algorithms.The proposed BCOARO outperforms alternative algorithms,according to the findings obtained for real applications in terms of accuracy performance,and fitness value.Extensive experiments show that the COARO and BCOARO algorithms achieve promising results compared to other metaheuristic algorithms.

Awake rabbit model of ischemic spinal cord injury with delayed paraplegia:The role of ambient temperature

Background:Paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia is a devastating condition in the clinic.Here,we develop an awake rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia with delayed paraplegia and explore the influence of ambient temperature on the outcomes after injury.Methods:A total of 47 male rabbits were involved in the present study.Transient spinal cord ischemia was induced by occluding the infrarenal abdominal aorta of awake rabbits at different ambient temperatures.To find the optimal conditions for developing delayed paraplegia,hindlimb motor function after ischemia was evaluated between experiments.Results:The onset and magnitude of ischemic injury varied with the ambient temperature maintained during the peri-i schemia period.More serious spinal cord injury occurred when ischemia was induced at higher temperatures.At 18°C,25-minute ischemia resulted in 74%of rabbits developing delayed paraplegia.At a temperature of 28°C or higher,most of the animals developed acute paraplegia immediately.While at 13°C,rabbits usually regained normal motor function without paraplegia.Conclusion:This awake rabbit model is highly reproducible and will be helpful in future studies of delayed paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia.The ambient temperature must be considered while using this model during investigation of therapeutic interventions.

Effects of Incorporating Mango (Mangifera indica), Avocado (Persea americana) and Guava (Psidium guajava) Leaves Powder in the Ration on Growth Characteristics in Rabbits

A study conducted on burgundy rabbits evaluated the effects of rations containing mango (Mangifera indica), avocado (Persea americana) and guava (Psidium guajava) powder. For this purpose, 36 rabbits (20 males and 16 females) aged 60 to 70 days with an average weight of 1012 ± 133 g were divided randomly into 4 equal groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3) of 9 animals each according to body weight (bw). The rabbits were divided throughout the trial, the animals were fed, those of group T0 (control) with a standard feed without any type of leaf powder, while those of groups 1, 2 and 3 received the standard feed supplemented with Mangifera indica, Persea americana and Psidium guajava leaves powder at the rate of 0.5% respectively. After two months of treatment, the animals were fasted for 12 hours (20 h - 8 h) and sacrificed to evaluate carcass and digestive organ weights. The results revealed that the values of feed intake, live weight and weight gain were non-significantly (p > 0.05) increased in all animals regardless of the ration in reference to the control. The different leaves powder induced an increase in carcass yield in rabbits but this increase was only significant (p M. indica leaf powder (51.03 ± 0.24) as compared to the control (48.63 ± 0.74). Gut length was significantly increased in animals fed rations containing Psidium guajava and Persea americana leaves powder compared to the control. A significant increase in gut weight was observed in animals fed the Persea americana leaf supplemented ration. In general, mango leaf powder performed better than other types of powders.

Field Assessment of the Level of Protection Conferred by a Newly Prepared Combined Inactivated Vaccine against E. coli and P. multocida in Rabbit in Egypt

Pasteurellosis is the most prevalent, extremely contagious bacterial disease among domestic rabbits and is considered the leading cause of deaths in rabbits, resulting in enormous economic losses to the rabbit industry. Screening for bacterial agents causing mortalities in rabbits revealed the presence of Enterobacteriacae species in approximately 42% of studied cases, with E. coli the most commonly isolated organism. The present study was designed to evaluate the immune response of rabbits vaccinated with a locally prepared, combined inactivated vaccine of Pasteurella multocida and E. coli, adjuvanated with Montanide ISA70. A total of 370 rabbits, aged 2 - 3 weeks, were divided into four groups: (G1) vaccinated with a polyvalent P. multocida vaccine, (G2) vaccinated with a polyvalent E. coli vaccine, (G3) vaccinated with a combined inactivated Montanide ISA70 vaccine of P. multocida and E. coli, and (G4) kept as a non-vaccinated control group. All rabbits received two doses of 0.5 ml of the prepared vaccines, administered one month apart, and were then challenged with virulent strains of P. multocida and E. coli three weeks after the second vaccination. The prepared vaccines were evaluated by determining humoral immunity using indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test and ELISA. The potency of the vaccines was assessed through challenge and determination of LD50. Experimental findings on the prepared polyvalent combined inactivated P. multocida and E. coli vaccine indicated that it is a potent vaccine, producing the highest antibody titers and a 90% protection rate against challenges with virulent strains of P. multocida type A, D2, and E. coli types O157, O151 and O125. Thus, this vaccine is promising in addressing both P. multocida and E. coli problems in rabbits, farms, providing significant protection, and we recommend its commercial production to help rabbit producers control these two major bacterial infections.

Effects of Carrot (Daucus carota) Leaves Powder on Reproductive and Growth Characteristics of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Does

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of carrot leaf powder in the diet on reproductive and growth characteristics in rabbits. Thirty sexually matured rabbits does of 8 months old, 3.00 to 3.20 kg, were divided into three groups of 10 rabbits each, which were comparable in terms of body weight. Throughout the experiment, the rabbits of group 1 (control group) were fed ad libitum with a feed not containing carrot leaf powder (control ration), while those of groups 2 and 3 received the control ration supplemented with carrot leaf powder in concentrations of 0.5% and 1% respectively. Data was collected on feed intake, weight gain, receptivity, fertility, gestation length of does, litter size, weight, viability and sex ratio of the young rabbits till 5 weeks post-partum. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the fertility rate, gestation duration and sex ratio of the kits with reference to the control. Litter size at birth was not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced in does fed diets containing carrot leaf powder compared to the control. However, the reversed effects were observed at five weeks post-partum. The live weight of weaned kits and weight gain of rabbit does at birth were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in treated rabbits compared to the control. The supplementation of carrot leaf powder in feed can improve production performance in female rabbits, through their antioxidant activities thanks to their various components, thus fighting against oxidative stress effects to which animals are exposed both from endogenous and environmental sources.

Methods to Reduce the Hypoglycemic Mortality of Alloxan in Diabetic Rabbit Model

Objective: To explore an intervention method to reduce the mortality of alloxan diabetes model, and to preliminarily analyze the mechanism of alloxan induced animal death. Methods: Healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into injection group, control group, experimental group and blank group. The single injection group was injected with 100 mg/kg alloxan once. The control group was given 5% glucose solution and 100 mg/kg alloxan was injected in two times. The experimental group was given 5% glucose solution orally, 100 mg/kg alloxan, 7 mL 0.9% NaCl intravenously and 5 mL 5% glucose intraperitoneally immediately, and blood glucose was continuously monitored, 10 mL 5% glucose intravenously and 10 mL 5% glucose intraperitoneally every 4 h in the hypoglycemic stage. The blank group does nothing. Liver and kidney tissues at different time periods were stained with HE and organ index was evaluated. Results: 1) A single injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan without any intervention resulted in 100% mortality. Before modeling, oral administration of 5% glucose solution, divided into two injections of 100 mg/kg alloxan, mortality reached 100%;A single injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan and continuous intervention of normal saline and glucose for 20 h can significantly reduce the mortality of alloxan induced diabetic rabbit model. 2) Liver and kidney tissues were damaged in different degrees at different time periods, and liver and kidney indexes were significantly increased after alloxan injection compared with the normal group, with statistical significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion: 1) Every 4 hours of hypoglycemia, 10 ml 5% glucose was injected intravenously 10 ml 5% glucose intraperitoneally. It can reduce the death rate of alloxan diabetic rabbit model and shorten the time of blood glucose measurement. 2) After the injection of alloxan, acute lesions of liver and kidney may occur in different degrees, or one of the causes of acute death of experimental animals.

Chemical Composition of Pineapple Press Residues (Ananas comosus) and Effect on Growth Performance of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

With a view to improving rabbit production performance, a trial on the chemical composition of pineapple press residue (Ananas comosus) and the effect of its incorporation in the ration on rabbit growth performance (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was carried out at the KUATE Cunicole Farm in Bandjoun, in Western Cameroon. To do this, 36 rabbits of the local breed, aged 53 days with an average weight of 1337 ± 119 g were distributed and randomly assigned to 3 experimental rations corresponding respectively to treatments or batches T0, T1 and T2. The animals in treatment T0 received a ration containing no pineapple press residue, while those in treatments T1 and T2 received a ration containing 20% and 40% pineapple press residue, respectively. These residues were dried and ground for chemical composition analysis. The feed served as well as refusals from the previous day were weighed each morning to assess feed intake. The animals were weighed every 7 days to assess weight performance. At the end of the trial which lasted 7 weeks, the animals were fasted for 24 hours, then sacrificed to evaluate carcass characteristics and the relative weights of some digestive organs. The results of this study showed that pineapple press residues had a high crude fiber content (19.2%) and energy (2500 Kcal/kg DM). Their incorporation had no significant effect on feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The average live weight, weight gain and average daily weight gain of the animals receiving the ration with 20% inclusion of pineapple press residue were comparable to those of the control group and significantly higher than those of animals fed with 40% inclusion of pineapple residue. The highest carcass yields were obtained with rabbits fed 20% pineapple press residue in their ration. The cost of feed for the production of a kilogram live weight of rabbit tends to decrease with the ration incorporated with 20% pineapple press residue. Pineapple press residues constitute a by-product that can be recycled and their incorporation at 20% can increase rabbit growth performance and reduce production costs.

How Clever Miss Rabbit Was!

One day in autumn,Miss Rabbit went out to look for food.She found a big pumpkin very soon.She was so happy that she decided to carryit home.However,it was too heavy for her to carry.And soon she got tired.Just then,Mr.Panda came over on his bike.Miss Rabbit saw the wheels of the bike and came up with a good idea.

苦马豆素对家兔脾脏免疫功能及代谢的影响

为了探讨苦马豆素通过消化系统对家兔脾脏免疫功能和代谢的影响,将体重为(1.9±0.12)kg的24只家兔随机分成对照组与试验组,每组雌、雄各半。试验组家兔饲喂含有小花棘豆的自制颗粒饲料,饲喂苦马豆素剂量为2 mg/(kg·d),对照组家兔饲喂自制颗粒饲料中不含小花棘豆。所有家兔单笼饲养,自由饮水,每天观测并记录家兔的健康状态。在试验的第60天,采取所有家兔脾脏,对脾脏进行基于iTRAQ的定量蛋白质组学分析、生物信息学分析及关键蛋白质的Western blot验证。结果显示,所有试验组家兔均呈现明显的中毒现象。与对照组相比,共鉴定出315个与新陈代谢(81%)及免疫相关(15%)的差异表达蛋白质(>1.5倍或<1/1.5倍)。而且,苦马豆素中毒家兔脾脏细胞分解代谢处于激活状态,但其免疫反应处于抑制状态。说明苦马豆素抑制了家兔脾脏的免疫功能,激活了脾脏组织的分解代谢。

自体黄韧带干预下兔硬膜外纤维瘢痕的形成

背景:临床已证实,腰椎术后纤维瘢痕与硬膜或神经根粘连是造成术后疼痛及麻木等症状的重要因素。目的:验证自体黄韧带抑制腰椎术后硬膜外纤维瘢痕形成及探究可能的分子生物学机制。方法:选择6-8月龄的日本大白兔48只,利用随机数字表将兔分为3组:黄韧带保留组、黄韧带不保留组、自体脂肪回置组(脂肪组)。3组兔均建立腰椎椎板切除术模型,于造模后3,6周收集兔硬膜外组织,采用苏木精-伊红染色观察组织变化及成纤维细胞数量密度,VG染色观察胶原纤维面积百分比,免疫组化观察转化生长因子β1、Smad3蛋白的表达。结果与结论:①苏木精-伊红染色结果:黄韧带保留组成纤维细胞较少且排列疏松,黄韧带不保留组和脂肪组成纤维细胞数量较多且排列紧密,术后3,6周黄韧带保留组成纤维细胞数量密度小于黄韧带不保留组和脂肪组(P<0.05),而黄韧带不保留组和脂肪组之间比较并未有明显差异;②VG染色结果:黄韧带保留组胶原纤维稀疏且分布不均,而黄韧带不保留组与脂肪组可见大量红色胶原纤维聚集;术后3,6周黄韧带保留组胶原纤维面积百分比小于黄韧带不保留组和脂肪组(P<0.05),而黄韧带不保留组与脂肪组之间无明显差异;③免疫组化结果:黄韧带保留组蛋白阳性着色程度明显弱于其余两组;术后3,6周黄韧带保留组转化生长因子β1、Smad3吸光度值显著低于其余两组(P<0.05),而黄韧带不保留组和脂肪组之间无显著差异;④结果说明,腰椎手术后均会存在不同程度的硬膜外纤维瘢痕的形成。若在术中保留自体黄韧带,可有利于减少硬膜外成纤维细胞数量以及胶原纤维的形成,从而减轻纤维瘢痕组织与硬膜囊、神经根的粘连,其机制不仅为单纯的机械阻隔作用,同时也可通过干预转化生长因子β1/Smad3信号通路来减少硬膜外纤维瘢痕的形成。

基于Rabbit2000的嵌入式测控系统

在简要回顾Internet及测控技术发展历史的基础上 ,阐明了当前测控技术向着嵌入式系统方向发展这一趋势 ,着重给出了Rabbit 2 0 0

Effect of Chinese Herbal Feed Additive on Meat Quality of Rex Rabbit

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for population and application of Chinese herbal feed additive in the rex rabbit breeding. [ Methyl] 108 weaned -rex rabbits aged 40 days were divided into three groups with thirty -six each group. Group A were fed basal diet, while group B were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.3% Chinese herbal feed additive and group C were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.4% Chinese herbal feed additive. The meat quality indexes were measured when feeding to 150 age in days. [ Result] There was significant difference among pH value, water loss rate, storing loss rate and crude protein content in each group （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was found in tenderness, cooking percentage, moisture content and crude fat content （ P 〉 0.05）. The total content of ami- no acids, essential amino acids and semi essential amino acids as well as main delicious amino acids was highest in group C accounting for 23.84%, 11.47% and 8.32% respectively, next came group B accounting for 20.94%, 10.64% and 6.81% respectively, and lowest in group C （ control group） accounting for 19.06%, 9.61% and 6.46% respectively. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal feed additive can improve meat quality of rex rabbit the best addition of 0.4%.

Comparison of Soleus Muscle Fibers in Rats and Rabbits at Different Stages of Postnatal Development

In the present study,the effects of postnatal development on the number and distribution of skeletal muscle fibers of different types in hind leg of rat and rabbit were studied.The soleus muscles of rats aged 2 days,2,4,6,8,and 10 weeks (body weight 10,32,95,190,280,and 320 g),and rabbits aged 2 days,2,4,8,12,16,20,and 24 weeks (body weight 100,220,400,750,1 200,1 600,2 100,and 2 500 g) were stained with succinic dehydrogenase.With an image analysis system,the X-Y coordinates of fibers were used to analyze the growth-related changes.The results of present study showed that three types of fibers were found in the soleus muscles of rat and rabbit,i.e.,type Ⅰ (slow oxidative),ⅡX (fast oxidative),and ⅡA (fast oxidative glycolytic).The type Ⅰ fibers were present throughout the muscle that had a uniform distribution and tended to increase in number with aging.Type ⅡX fibers were scattered throughout the muscle and decreased markedly in number with aging.Type ⅡA fibers were located at the central and deep regions,and showed a little or no change in number and distribution with aging.While be of age,type ⅡA and ⅡX fibers became restricted to the superficial region.No type ⅡB fibers were detected.Type ⅡA fibers had the largest diameter,type Ⅰ intermediate and type ⅡX the smallest.Mean cross-sectional area of each type fibers of rabbits was larger than that of rats.The present results indicate that the number and distribution of muscle fibers of different types in hind limb of rat and rabbit change with the process of postnatal growth.

基于Rabbit 2000的Socket网络编程

介绍了Rabbit 2000微处理器和Dynamic C开发系统的优点，并对基于RCM2200模 块开发的交换式以太网测控系统进行了说明。分析了使用阻塞型函数实现通信的方式和使用 非阻塞型函数实现通信的方式，并给出了两种编程方式的主要流程，结合实际通信控制系统 给出了使用阻塞型函数实现通信的仿真结果。

兔源肺炎克雷伯氏菌和大肠埃希氏菌的分离鉴定及小鼠感染试验

为确定某规模化兔场仔兔呼吸道感染合并腹泻引起死亡的原因,无菌采集病兔气管、肺、肝组织进行病毒和细菌检测。通过细菌分离培养、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S rRNA序列同源性比对分析,确定分离菌株种属。通过药物敏感性试验、耐药基因检测及动物回归对分离菌株的耐药性和致病性进行分析。结果显示,病毒检测结果均为阴性;从同一只仔兔的肺脏、气管中分离得到2株肺炎克雷伯氏菌,分别将其命名为KF1、KQ2,从肝脏中分离得到1株大肠埃希氏菌并将其命名为EG3。药敏试验结果显示,菌株KF1、KQ2和EG3均对黏菌素和氨苄青霉素钠耐药,对阿米卡星和氟苯尼考敏感。3株菌均检出耐药基因mcr-1和bla TEM。动物致病性试验显示,KF1组小鼠5 h后死亡50%,24 h全部死亡;混合组小鼠12 h后全部死亡;KQ2和EG3组48 h全部死亡。以上研究表明,大肠埃希氏菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌的混合感染是引起仔兔死亡的主要原因,3株分离株单独及混合感染均能引起试验小鼠死亡。

Cloning of Rabbit Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 and Its Expression During in vitro Maturation of Rabbit Oocytes

Partial cDNA sequence of rabbit BMP15 was cloned by RT-PCR from rabbit ovaries, showing a similarity of 83%-90% with the BMP15 nucleotide sequences in humans, mice, ovine, sheep, cows and pigs. The expression of BMP15 in rabbit cumulus-oocyte complexs during oocytes in vitro maturation （IVM） was measured by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method. BMP 15 was expressed at low levels in immature oocytes and increased to the highest level at 16h of IVM, which coincides with the time of cumulus cell expansion, then declined slowly under IVM cultivation. The expression pattern of BMP 15 suggested that it might be important in cumulus expansion in rabbits.

X射线透视引导下不同方式建立兔椎间盘退变模型的结果对比

背景:国内外学者认为新西兰大白兔腰椎解剖形态与人类腰椎更为相似,是理想的模型动物。在X射线引导下采用不同方式建立兔椎间盘退变模型目前尚缺乏系统性比较。目的:基于X射线引导采用针刺法、终板注射法以及改良终板注射法建立兔腰椎间盘退变模型,比较3种方法造模的效果。方法:6月龄新西兰大白兔16只随机分为4组,分别为针刺组、终板注射组、改良终板注射组及空白对照组,针刺组对3个连续节段(L2/3、L3/4、L4/5)椎间盘进行针刺造模,终板注射组在3个连续节段终板单点注射50μL无水乙醇,改良终板注射组对3个连续节段椎间盘进行针刺并在相应节段终板4个方位点注射50μL无水乙醇,空白对照组不进行干预。术后2,4,8周进行X射线检查,测量椎间隙高度指数,然后取椎间盘组织进行解剖学观察、病理学检查。结果与结论:①解剖学观察显示,针刺组以纤维环破溃为主要表现,终板注射组主要以髓核退变为主要表现,改良终板注射组以全椎间盘结构紊乱为主要表现;②与空白对照组相比,针刺组术后2周椎间隙高度指数降低最明显,终板注射组术后2,4周椎间隙高度指数降低明显,改良终板注射组术后2,4,8周椎间隙高度指数均显著降低;③病理学检查显示,针刺组纤维环结构出现破损,内层纤维环向内凸入,终板注射组表现为终板裂隙、排列混乱及细胞核丢失,改良终板注射组表现为整体椎间盘结构紊乱,髓核失水皱缩,与破损的纤维环无明显边界。结果表明,针刺法、终板注射法及改良终板注射法均能建立兔椎间盘退变模型,改良终板注射法较单一方法可大幅加快并加重椎间盘退变,可有效缩短实验周期。