内乳前哨淋巴结显像中的^(99m)T_C-硫胶体标记时间、性状与显影效能

背景与目的:放射性核素内乳前哨淋巴结(IMSN)显像可引导术中γ探测、摘取IMSN进行活检,由确切的病理学证据指导术后放疗,但用腋窝前哨淋巴结显像的方法观察,则IMSN的显像率很低。本研究旨在探讨改变示踪剂99mTC-硫胶体(SC)的标记时间、分析其性状,以提高IMSN的显像率。方法:将99mTC-SC标记过程中的煮沸时间由说明书要求的3～5min缩短为2min,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察胶体颗粒的直径、分布和稳定性,然后进行IMSN显像。结果:新标记条件下胶体颗粒的形态、分布在3h内基本保持稳定,90%的胶粒直径为10nm;之后颗粒逐渐聚合、沉积,4h后直径大于100nm。标记后3h内新鲜使用情况下,IMSN显示清晰。结论:新条件下制备的9mTC-SC在标记后3h内,胶粒性状能满足进入深部毛细淋巴管的要求,使内乳前哨淋巴结显影。

^(99m)Tc标记硫胶体淋巴显像探测皮肤恶性黑色素瘤前哨淋巴结的价值

目的探讨99mTc标记硫胶体(99mTc-SC)淋巴显像探测皮肤恶性黑色素瘤前哨淋巴结(SLN)的临床应用价值和影响因素。方法选取99例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期皮肤恶性黑色素瘤患者,术前4~6 h在肿瘤病灶周围皮下注射显像剂99mTc-SC,行早期局部及延迟全身显像,结合显像进行体表定位。随后行前哨淋巴结活检术(SLNB),对初诊患者加行原发病灶切除术,对SLN及原发病灶行详细病理检查。结果 99mTc-SC的SLN总检出率为90.9%(90/99),检出率与原发灶部位有关(P<0.001);区间淋巴结检出率为7.1%(7/99);SLN转移阳性率为28.9%(26/90),与肿瘤的病理组织学特点(Breslow厚度、Clark分级)呈正相关;假阴性率为3.7%(1/27),灵敏度为96.3%(26/27),特异度为98.4%(63/64)。结论 99mTc-SC显像可准确显示SLN部位及淋巴引流情况,减少药物标记时间,进一步提高区域淋巴结检出,为恶性黑色素瘤区域淋巴结的诊治决策提供重要的临床依据。

Enlarged accessory spleen presenting stomach submucosal tumor

A 62-year-old man presented with upper abdominal discomfort underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a submucosal tumor (SMT) with homogenous echogenicity originated from extragastric organs. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed that the well-marginated ovoid mass, approximately 6 cm in diameter, enhanced homogenously to a similar degree as splenic parenchyma. 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid scintigraphy revealed the splenic nature of the mass. A diagnosis of accessory spleen mimicking gastric SMT was made. Subsequent follow-up was uneventful without performing splenectomy.