Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising strategy that involves reconstruction of gut microbiota.Recently,it has been considered as a treatment of Crohn’s disease(CD)and certain neurological diseases.Here,...Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising strategy that involves reconstruction of gut microbiota.Recently,it has been considered as a treatment of Crohn’s disease(CD)and certain neurological diseases.Here,to the best of our knowledge,we report the first case that used FMT to achieve remission of intestinal and neurological symptoms in a girl with CD and a 17-year history of epilepsy.During the 20 mo of follow-up,FMT has proved its efficacy in preventing relapse of seizures after withdrawing the antiepileptic drugs.Furthermore,this finding highlights the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis and inspires a novel treatment for epilepsy through remodeling gut microbiota.展开更多
The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut micro...The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut microbiota is currently viewed as a key regulator of a fluent bidirectional dialogue between the gut and the brain(gut-brain axis). A number of preclinical studies have suggested that the microbiota and its genome(microbiome) may play a key role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in the gut microbiota composition in humans have also been linked to a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson's disease. However, it is not yet clear whether these changes in the microbiome are causally related to such diseases or are secondary effects thereof. In this respect, recent studies in animals have indicated that gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioral phenotype, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be a modifiable factor modulating the development or pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric conditions. Further studies are warranted to establish whether or not the findings of preclinical animal experiments can be generalized to humans. Moreover, although different communication routes between the microbiota and brain have been identified, further studies must elucidate all the underlying mechanisms involved. Such research is expected to contribute to the design of strategies to modulate the gut microbiota and its functions with a view to improving mental health, and thus provide opportunities to improve the management of psychiatric diseases. Here, we review the evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying its contribution to mental illness and health. We also consider the stages of life where the gut microbiota is more susceptible to the effects of environmental stressors, and the possible microbiota-targeted intervention strategies that could improve health status and prevent psychiatric disorders in the near future.展开更多
AIM To investigate the relationship between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI)use and the subsequent development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS This retrospective,observational,population-based coh...AIM To investigate the relationship between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI)use and the subsequent development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS This retrospective,observational,population-based cohort study collected data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database.A total of 19653patients newly using SSRIs and 78612 patients not using SSRIs,matched by age and sex at a ratio of 1:4, were enrolled in the study from January 1,2000 to December 31,2010.The patients were followed until IBS diagnosis,withdrawal from the National Health Insurance system,or the end of 2011.We analyzed the effects of SSRIs on the risk of subsequent IBS using Cox proportional hazards regression models.RESULTS A total of 236 patients in the SSRI cohort(incidence,2.17/1000 person-years)and 478 patients in the comparison cohort(incidence,1.04/1000 person-years)received a new diagnosis of IBS.The mean follow-up period from SSRI exposure to IBS diagnosis was 2.05years.The incidence of IBS increased with advancing age.Patients with anxiety disorders had a significantly increased adjusted hazard ratio(a HR)of IBS(a HR=1.33,95%CI:1.11-1.59,P=0.002).After adjusting for sex,age,urbanization,family income,area of residence,occupation,the use of anti-psychotics and other comorbidities,the overall a HR in the SSRI cohort compared with that in the comparison cohort was1.74(95%CI:1.44-2.10;P<0.001).The cumulative incidence of IBS was higher in the SSRI cohort than in the non-SSRI cohort(log-rank test,P<0.001).CONCLUSION SSRI users show an increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of IBS in Taiwan.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration through the mechanism of moral courage and enhance our understanding of the importance of these nursing...Objectives:This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration through the mechanism of moral courage and enhance our understanding of the importance of these nursing concepts to enable the nurses to develop better coping strategies for work-life integration.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was performed with 249 nurses,including staff nurses,ICU and critical care nurses,operation theatre nurses,pediatric nurses from 17 hospitals.Emotional Reflexivity,work-life integration,and courage were measured using a demographic information questionnaire,Life Project Reflexivity Scale(LPRS),Nurse’s Moral Courage Scale(NMCS),andWork-Life Boundary Enactment(WLBE)scale.A series of multiple regressions analyzed the mediating effect.Results:Emotional Reflexivity was positively correlated with work-life integration(b=0.66,P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between emotional reflexivity and moral courage.But the path did not get the necessary support in the structural equation modeling(SEM)(b=0.13,P=0.40).When controlling for courage(b=0.42,P<0.01),the association was significant between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration with partial mediation.Conclusion:The study reported a positive correlation between reflexivity and work-life integration.Thus,nurses’work-life integration becomes better by reinforcing their emotional reflexivity and moral courage.展开更多
Diabetic acromelic gangrene is a kind of ischemic necrosis developed in extremities of the diabetic patients. It occurs frequently in the lower extremities, hence known as 'diabetic foot'. According to the rep...Diabetic acromelic gangrene is a kind of ischemic necrosis developed in extremities of the diabetic patients. It occurs frequently in the lower extremities, hence known as 'diabetic foot'. According to the reports in China, the incidence rate is about 0.9-1.7% in the diabetic patients, and ac-展开更多
基金Supported by The Public Donated Grant"Intestine Initiative"National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81670495
文摘Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising strategy that involves reconstruction of gut microbiota.Recently,it has been considered as a treatment of Crohn’s disease(CD)and certain neurological diseases.Here,to the best of our knowledge,we report the first case that used FMT to achieve remission of intestinal and neurological symptoms in a girl with CD and a 17-year history of epilepsy.During the 20 mo of follow-up,FMT has proved its efficacy in preventing relapse of seizures after withdrawing the antiepileptic drugs.Furthermore,this finding highlights the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis and inspires a novel treatment for epilepsy through remodeling gut microbiota.
基金Supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(MINECO),No.AGL2014-52101-PA Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ at the Spanish Ministry of Health(Spain),No.CD14/00237(Cenit MC)
文摘The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut microbiota is currently viewed as a key regulator of a fluent bidirectional dialogue between the gut and the brain(gut-brain axis). A number of preclinical studies have suggested that the microbiota and its genome(microbiome) may play a key role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in the gut microbiota composition in humans have also been linked to a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson's disease. However, it is not yet clear whether these changes in the microbiome are causally related to such diseases or are secondary effects thereof. In this respect, recent studies in animals have indicated that gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioral phenotype, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be a modifiable factor modulating the development or pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric conditions. Further studies are warranted to establish whether or not the findings of preclinical animal experiments can be generalized to humans. Moreover, although different communication routes between the microbiota and brain have been identified, further studies must elucidate all the underlying mechanisms involved. Such research is expected to contribute to the design of strategies to modulate the gut microbiota and its functions with a view to improving mental health, and thus provide opportunities to improve the management of psychiatric diseases. Here, we review the evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying its contribution to mental illness and health. We also consider the stages of life where the gut microbiota is more susceptible to the effects of environmental stressors, and the possible microbiota-targeted intervention strategies that could improve health status and prevent psychiatric disorders in the near future.
文摘AIM To investigate the relationship between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRI)use and the subsequent development of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS This retrospective,observational,population-based cohort study collected data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database.A total of 19653patients newly using SSRIs and 78612 patients not using SSRIs,matched by age and sex at a ratio of 1:4, were enrolled in the study from January 1,2000 to December 31,2010.The patients were followed until IBS diagnosis,withdrawal from the National Health Insurance system,or the end of 2011.We analyzed the effects of SSRIs on the risk of subsequent IBS using Cox proportional hazards regression models.RESULTS A total of 236 patients in the SSRI cohort(incidence,2.17/1000 person-years)and 478 patients in the comparison cohort(incidence,1.04/1000 person-years)received a new diagnosis of IBS.The mean follow-up period from SSRI exposure to IBS diagnosis was 2.05years.The incidence of IBS increased with advancing age.Patients with anxiety disorders had a significantly increased adjusted hazard ratio(a HR)of IBS(a HR=1.33,95%CI:1.11-1.59,P=0.002).After adjusting for sex,age,urbanization,family income,area of residence,occupation,the use of anti-psychotics and other comorbidities,the overall a HR in the SSRI cohort compared with that in the comparison cohort was1.74(95%CI:1.44-2.10;P<0.001).The cumulative incidence of IBS was higher in the SSRI cohort than in the non-SSRI cohort(log-rank test,P<0.001).CONCLUSION SSRI users show an increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of IBS in Taiwan.
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration through the mechanism of moral courage and enhance our understanding of the importance of these nursing concepts to enable the nurses to develop better coping strategies for work-life integration.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was performed with 249 nurses,including staff nurses,ICU and critical care nurses,operation theatre nurses,pediatric nurses from 17 hospitals.Emotional Reflexivity,work-life integration,and courage were measured using a demographic information questionnaire,Life Project Reflexivity Scale(LPRS),Nurse’s Moral Courage Scale(NMCS),andWork-Life Boundary Enactment(WLBE)scale.A series of multiple regressions analyzed the mediating effect.Results:Emotional Reflexivity was positively correlated with work-life integration(b=0.66,P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between emotional reflexivity and moral courage.But the path did not get the necessary support in the structural equation modeling(SEM)(b=0.13,P=0.40).When controlling for courage(b=0.42,P<0.01),the association was significant between emotional reflexivity and work-life integration with partial mediation.Conclusion:The study reported a positive correlation between reflexivity and work-life integration.Thus,nurses’work-life integration becomes better by reinforcing their emotional reflexivity and moral courage.
文摘Diabetic acromelic gangrene is a kind of ischemic necrosis developed in extremities of the diabetic patients. It occurs frequently in the lower extremities, hence known as 'diabetic foot'. According to the reports in China, the incidence rate is about 0.9-1.7% in the diabetic patients, and ac-
