WT-FCTGN:A wavelet-enhanced fully connected time-gated neural network for complex noisy traffic flow modeling

Accurate forecasting of traffic flow provides a powerful traffic decision-making basis for an intelligent transportation system. However, the traffic data's complexity and fluctuation, as well as the noise produced during collecting information and summarizing original data of traffic flow, cause large errors in the traffic flow forecasting results. This article suggests a solution to the above mentioned issues and proposes a fully connected time-gated neural network based on wavelet reconstruction(WT-FCTGN). To eliminate the potential noise and strengthen the potential traffic trend in the data, we adopt the methods of wavelet reconstruction and periodic data introduction to preprocess the data. The model introduces fully connected time-series blocks to model all the information including time sequence information and fluctuation information in the flow of traffic, and establishes the time gate block to comprehend the periodic characteristics of the flow of traffic and predict its flow. The performance of the WT-FCTGN model is validated on the public Pe MS data set. The experimental results show that the WT-FCTGN model has higher accuracy, and its mean absolute error(MAE), mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) and root mean square error(RMSE) are obviously lower than those of the other algorithms. The robust experimental results prove that the WT-FCTGN model has good anti-noise ability.

A lightweight symmetric image encryption cryptosystem in wavelet domain based on an improved sine map

In the era of big data,the number of images transmitted over the public channel increases exponentially.As a result,it is crucial to devise the efficient and highly secure encryption method to safeguard the sensitive image.In this paper,an improved sine map(ISM)possessing a larger chaotic region,more complex chaotic behavior and greater unpredictability is proposed and extensively tested.Drawing upon the strengths of ISM,we introduce a lightweight symmetric image encryption cryptosystem in wavelet domain(WDLIC).The WDLIC employs selective encryption to strike a satisfactory balance between security and speed.Initially,only the low-frequency-low-frequency component is chosen to encrypt utilizing classic permutation and diffusion.Then leveraging the statistical properties in wavelet domain,Gaussianization operation which opens the minds of encrypting image information in wavelet domain is first proposed and employed to all sub-bands.Simulations and theoretical analysis demonstrate the high speed and the remarkable effectiveness of WDLIC.

Olive Leaf Disease Detection via Wavelet Transform and Feature Fusion of Pre-Trained Deep Learning Models

Olive trees are susceptible to a variety of diseases that can cause significant crop damage and economic losses.Early detection of these diseases is essential for effective management.We propose a novel transformed wavelet,feature-fused,pre-trained deep learning model for detecting olive leaf diseases.The proposed model combines wavelet transforms with pre-trained deep-learning models to extract discriminative features from olive leaf images.The model has four main phases:preprocessing using data augmentation,three-level wavelet transformation,learning using pre-trained deep learning models,and a fused deep learning model.In the preprocessing phase,the image dataset is augmented using techniques such as resizing,rescaling,flipping,rotation,zooming,and contrasting.In wavelet transformation,the augmented images are decomposed into three frequency levels.Three pre-trained deep learning models,EfficientNet-B7,DenseNet-201,and ResNet-152-V2,are used in the learning phase.The models were trained using the approximate images of the third-level sub-band of the wavelet transform.In the fused phase,the fused model consists of a merge layer,three dense layers,and two dropout layers.The proposed model was evaluated using a dataset of images of healthy and infected olive leaves.It achieved an accuracy of 99.72%in the diagnosis of olive leaf diseases,which exceeds the accuracy of other methods reported in the literature.This finding suggests that our proposed method is a promising tool for the early detection of olive leaf diseases.

Deep neural network based on multi-level wavelet and attention for structured illumination microscopy

Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is a popular and powerful super-resolution(SR)technique in biomedical research.However,the conventional reconstruction algorithm for SIM heavily relies on the accurate prior knowledge of illumination patterns and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of raw images.To obtain high-quality SR images,several raw images need to be captured under high fluorescence level,which further restricts SIM’s temporal resolution and its applications.Deep learning(DL)is a data-driven technology that has been used to expand the limits of optical microscopy.In this study,we propose a deep neural network based on multi-level wavelet and attention mechanism(MWAM)for SIM.Our results show that the MWAM network can extract high-frequency information contained in SIM raw images and accurately integrate it into the output image,resulting in superior SR images compared to those generated using wide-field images as input data.We also demonstrate that the number of SIM raw images can be reduced to three,with one image in each illumination orientation,to achieve the optimal tradeoff between temporal and spatial resolution.Furthermore,our MWAM network exhibits superior reconstruction ability on low-SNR images compared to conventional SIM algorithms.We have also analyzed the adaptability of this network on other biological samples and successfully applied the pretrained model to other SIM systems.

Enhanced Fourier Transform Using Wavelet Packet Decomposition

Many domains, including communication, signal processing, and image processing, use the Fourier Transform as a mathematical tool for signal analysis. Although it can analyze signals with steady and transitory properties, it has limits. The Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) is a novel technique that we suggest in this study as a way to improve the Fourier Transform and get beyond these drawbacks. In this experiment, we specifically considered the utilization of Daubechies level 4 for the wavelet transformation. The choice of Daubechies level 4 was motivated by several reasons. Daubechies wavelets are known for their compact support, orthogonality, and good time-frequency localization. By choosing Daubechies level 4, we aimed to strike a balance between preserving important transient information and avoiding excessive noise or oversmoothing in the transformed signal. Then we compared the outcomes of our suggested approach to the conventional Fourier Transform using a non-stationary signal. The findings demonstrated that the suggested method offered a more accurate representation of non-stationary and transient signals in the frequency domain. Our method precisely showed a 12% reduction in MSE and a 3% rise in PSNR for the standard Fourier transform, as well as a 35% decrease in MSE and an 8% increase in PSNR for voice signals when compared to the traditional wavelet packet decomposition method.

Research on the longitudinal protection of a through-type cophase traction direct power supply system based on the empirical wavelet transform

This paper proposes a longitudinal protection scheme utilizing empirical wavelet transform(EWT)for a through-type cophase traction direct power supply system,where both sides of a traction network line exhibit a distinctive boundary structure.This approach capitalizes on the boundary’s capacity to attenuate the high-frequency component of fault signals,resulting in a variation in the high-frequency transient energy ratio when faults occur inside or outside the line.During internal line faults,the high-frequency transient energy at the checkpoints located at both ends surpasses that of its neighboring lines.Conversely,for faults external to the line,the energy is lower compared to adjacent lines.EWT is employed to decompose the collected fault current signals,allowing access to the high-frequency transient energy.The longitudinal protection for the traction network line is established based on disparities between both ends of the traction network line and the high-frequency transient energy on either side of the boundary.Moreover,simulation verification through experimental results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed protection scheme across various initial fault angles,distances to faults,and fault transition resistances.

Wavelet Multi-Resolution Interpolation Galerkin Method for Linear Singularly Perturbed Boundary Value Problems

In this study,a wavelet multi-resolution interpolation Galerkin method(WMIGM)is proposed to solve linear singularly perturbed boundary value problems.Unlike conventional wavelet schemes,the proposed algorithm can be readily extended to special node generation techniques,such as the Shishkin node.Such a wavelet method allows a high degree of local refinement of the nodal distribution to efficiently capture localized steep gradients.All the shape functions possess the Kronecker delta property,making the imposition of boundary conditions as easy as that in the finite element method.Four numerical examples are studied to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the proposedwavelet method.The results showthat the use ofmodified Shishkin nodes can significantly reduce numerical oscillation near the boundary layer.Compared with many other methods,the proposed method possesses satisfactory accuracy and efficiency.The theoretical and numerical results demonstrate that the order of theε-uniform convergence of this wavelet method can reach 5.

Weak Fault Feature Extraction of the Rotating Machinery Using Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform and Nonlinear Quantum Permutation Entropy

Addressing the challenges posed by the nonlinear and non-stationary vibrations in rotating machinery,where weak fault characteristic signals hinder accurate fault state representation,we propose a novel feature extraction method that combines the Flexible Analytic Wavelet Transform(FAWT)with Nonlinear Quantum Permutation Entropy.FAWT,leveraging fractional orders and arbitrary scaling and translation factors,exhibits superior translational invariance and adjustable fundamental oscillatory characteristics.This flexibility enables FAWT to provide well-suited wavelet shapes,effectively matching subtle fault components and avoiding performance degradation associated with fixed frequency partitioning and low-oscillation bases in detecting weak faults.In our approach,gearbox vibration signals undergo FAWT to obtain sub-bands.Quantum theory is then introduced into permutation entropy to propose Nonlinear Quantum Permutation Entropy,a feature that more accurately characterizes the operational state of vibration simulation signals.The nonlinear quantum permutation entropy extracted from sub-bands is utilized to characterize the operating state of rotating machinery.A comprehensive analysis of vibration signals from rolling bearings and gearboxes validates the feasibility of the proposed method.Comparative assessments with parameters derived from traditional permutation entropy,sample entropy,wavelet transform(WT),and empirical mode decomposition(EMD)underscore the superior effectiveness of this approach in fault detection and classification for rotating machinery.

Performance of Continuous Wavelet Transform over Fourier Transform in Features Resolutions

This study presents a comparative analysis of two image enhancement techniques, Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), in the context of improving the clarity of high-quality 3D seismic data obtained from the Tano Basin in West Africa, Ghana. The research focuses on a comparative analysis of image clarity in seismic attribute analysis to facilitate the identification of reservoir features within the subsurface structures. The findings of the study indicate that CWT has a significant advantage over FFT in terms of image quality and identifying subsurface structures. The results demonstrate the superior performance of CWT in providing a better representation, making it more effective for seismic attribute analysis. The study highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate image enhancement technique based on the specific application needs and the broader context of the study. While CWT provides high-quality images and superior performance in identifying subsurface structures, the selection between these methods should be made judiciously, taking into account the objectives of the study and the characteristics of the signals being analyzed. The research provides valuable insights into the decision-making process for selecting image enhancement techniques in seismic data analysis, helping researchers and practitioners make informed choices that cater to the unique requirements of their studies. Ultimately, this study contributes to the advancement of the field of subsurface imaging and geological feature identification.

Variational Mode Decomposition-Informed Empirical Wavelet Transform for Electric Vibrator Noise Analysis

Electric vibrators find wide applications in reliability testing, waveform generation, and vibration simulation, making their noise characteristics a topic of significant interest. While Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT) offer valuable support for studying signal components, they also present certain limitations. This article integrates the strengths of both methods and proposes an enhanced approach that integrates VMD into the frequency band division principle of EWT. Initially, the method decomposes the signal using VMD, determining the mode count based on residuals, and subsequently employs EWT decomposition based on this information. This addresses mode aliasing issues in the original method while capitalizing on VMD’s adaptability. Feasibility was confirmed through simulation signals and ultimately applied to noise signals from vibrators. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved method not only resolves EWT frequency band division challenges but also effectively decomposes signal components compared to the VMD method.

基于ICEEMDAN-SSA-Wavelet的声发射信号降噪研究

针对粘接件声发射(AE)信号含有噪声分量难以滤除的问题,提出一种改进ICEEMDAN的方法。该方法首先使用ICEEMDAN分解原始AE信号,并通过相关系数和能量差值的方法筛选出低频分量和高频分量;运用麻雀优化算法(SSA)优化后的改进小波阈值去噪算法对其进行去噪;最后将保留的低频分量和去噪后的高频分量重构成一个新的信号,通过实验数据对比和分析评估降噪效果。实验结果表明,相较于改进小波阈值去噪和ICEEMDAN去噪,文中提出的方法对金属与非金属粘接件AE信号的降噪效果更好,能够保护原始信号的频域信息,进而提高脱粘检测精度。

基于Mann-Kendall和Wavelet分析的唐山市近60年来降水量时空变化研究

降水量时空变化研究,对了解和预测气候变化趋势、合理规划水资源,以及应对极端天气事件具有重要意义。基于唐山市12个标准气象站点的1961-2020年观测资料,采用Mann-Kendall和Wavelet方法相结合的方式,对唐山市降水量时变性进行分析。结果表明,近60年来研究区降水量变化斜率为-1.59mm/a,经Mann-Kendall检测的趋势值Sen’slo值为-1.23mm/a;年际降水量于2014年发生突变,但并不显著;利用Wavelet分析发现,区域降水量存在1~8、7~10、14~16年的变化周期。

à Trous小波在卫星遥测数据递归预测中的应用

该文提出了一种基于劋Ｔｒｏｕｓ算法的小波递归预测方法?迷げ馑惴ú捎梦蕹槿±肷⑿〔ū浠坏膭ぃ裕颍铮酰笏惴?,可以逐点把时间序列分解为与原序列长度相同的小波系数 ,适合在递归预测中应用 ,弥补了Mallat算法不能实时调整模型参数的不足。预测卫星电源母线电压数据表明 ,该方法满足预测卫星遥测数据的要求。

基于DM642融合系统的A Trous小波实时图像融合算法

给出了一种基于DM642融合系统的A Trous小波实时图像融合算法。选用适合视频图像处理的TI最新高性能定点数字信号处理器DM642作融合系统核心处理器,利用DM642的600 MHz高速运算能力,EDMA和EMIF的高速数据传输能力,以及它的视频编/解码单元无缝连接的灵活可配置的视频端口,构建了双波段图像融合系统平台。在此系统上对可见光图像进行A Trous小波变换,提取出不同分解层的特征信息,将特征信息与红外图像进行融合。融合后的图像保持了可见光图像的线条及边缘特征,还融合了红外图像的目标特征。仿真实验结果表明,在融合系统平台上实现双波段图像实时融合算法只需39.46 ms左右,满足25 frame/s的工程需求。

à trous小波分解在边缘检测中的应用

讨论了劋ｔｒｏｕｓ小波分解的原理及进行边缘检测的方法靡环樱校希砸8型枷窠辛耸匝?,并与经典的Sobel算子和Robert算子处理的结果进行了比较。结果表明 ,其性能在某些方面具有明显的优越性 ,并具有一定的抗噪声能力。同时 ,讨论了本文所述方法需要进一步改进的地方。

基于Trous小波的影像融合

基于Mallat小波算法的影像融合 ,由于存在抽取和插值运算 ,其结果存在一定的相位失真 .Trous小波算法通过有限滤波器内插近似 ,实现对影像数据的无抽取离散小波变换 ,较好地解决了上述问题 .在阐述影像数据融合原理的基础上 ,给出了基于Trous小波变换的影像融合处理方法和过程 .通过对遥感影像数据融合结果的定性定量分析 ,认为基于Trous小波的遥感影像数据融合方法 ,能保持参与融合影像的信息特征 ,从而获得较好的融合处理结果 .

a′Trous小波变换与PCA变换相结合的遥感影像融合分析

随着高分辨率遥感卫星的产生,传统的融合技术难以达到较好的融合效果,如主成分分析(PrincipalComponents Analysis)变换融合受到融合区域的限制,而传统的小波融合(Wavelet Transformation)算法由于高频直接替换,导致了一定程度的光谱失真,由此本文在分析主成分分析变换和a′Trous小波变换(WT)的基础上,以QuickBird全色和多光谱数据为实验数据,提出了一种将两者相结合的遥感影像融合方法,通过与其他融合方法的定量和视觉比较,结果表明该方法能得到更好的融合效果。

基于局部能量的Trous小波和IHS变换的影像融合研究

传统基于小波变换的影像融合随着分解级数的增加,融合影像与原多光谱影像间的相关性随之降低,融合后影像的小目标对象很难获得丰富的颜色信息。鉴于此,本文提出基于局部能量的Trous小波和IHS变换相结合的融合算法,对IKONOS影像进行融合,并与传统的Trous小波变换融合、Trous小波变换和IHS变换结合的融合算法相比较,结果表明改进的方法能提高融合影像的相关性,降低光谱扭曲度,增强小目标的识别能力。

基于a’trous小波与广义HIS变换的SAR与多光谱影像融合

为了提高SAR影像的解译水平,避免通常基于小波变换的融合方法造成的SAR影像信息损失,本文提出一种基于a’trous小波与广义HIS变换的SAR与多光谱影像融合方法,在将多光谱影像转换到HIS空间后,应用a’trous小波对I分量进行分解,通过加法的形式将多光谱影像的高频分量信息与SAR影像信息集成,并根据解译的需要,通过改变阈值来控制对多光谱影像信息的集成幅度。实验选取一组TM多光谱影像与ERS-2SAR影像进行融合研究,并将融合结果与另一小波融合方法融合结果进行视觉比较与统计分析。结果表明,另一小波融合方法的融合结果与本文方法融合结果阈值τ=1时的结果接近,而本文方法却可以根据不同的应用需要,在完整保留了SAR影像信息的基础上,通过调节多光谱影像信息的注入程度,为获取更能满足解译需要的SAR融合影像提供更多选择,拥有更好的鲁棒性。

基于 Trous-contourlet变换的红外与可见光图像融合算法

提出了一种基于à trous-contourlet变换的图像融合新算法。首先利用à trous-contourlet变换对图像进行多分辨率分解,然后针对变换域中各带通方向高频子带系数的选择,提出了一种应用区域能量进行图像匹配度计算的融合规则,并将其应用于红外图像与可见光图像的融合。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效融合红外与可见光图像,与其他方法相比较,取得了更好的融合效果。